151
|
Yu M, Sun C, Xue Y, Liu C, Qiu D, Cui B, Zhang Y, Cui H, Zeng Z. Tannic acid-based nanopesticides coating with highly improved foliage adhesion to enhance foliar retention. RSC Adv 2019; 9:27096-27104. [PMID: 35528583 PMCID: PMC9070571 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05843e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor utilization of conventional pesticides has resulted in overuse, which increases cost, toxicity to other non-target organisms, concerns about human health and safety, groundwater and contamination, with ecosystem destruction and food pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manli Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
| | - Yumiao Xue
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Dewen Qiu
- Institute of Plant Protection
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Okrah K, Tarighat S, Liu B, Koeppen H, Wagle MC, Cheng G, Sun C, Dey A, Chang MT, Sumiyoshi T, Mounir Z, Cummings C, Hampton G, Amler L, Fridlyand J, Hegde PS, Turley SJ, Lackner MR, Huang SM. Transcriptomic analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma reveals molecular features of disease progression and tumor immune biology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:25. [PMID: 30456308 PMCID: PMC6237857 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-018-0068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in the context of chronic inflammatory liver disease and has an extremely poor prognosis. An immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment may contribute to therapeutic failure in metastatic HCC. Here, we identified unique molecular signatures pertaining to HCC disease progression and tumor immunity by analyzing genome-wide RNA-Seq data derived from HCC patient tumors and non-tumor cirrhotic tissues. Unsupervised clustering of gene expression data revealed a gradual suppression of local tumor immunity that coincided with disease progression, indicating an increasingly immunosuppressive tumor environment during HCC disease advancement. IHC examination of the spatial distribution of CD8+ T cells in tumors revealed distinct intra- and peri-tumoral subsets. Differential gene expression analysis revealed an 85-gene signature that was significantly upregulated in the peri-tumoral CD8+ T cell-excluded tumors. Notably, this signature was highly enriched with components of underlying extracellular matrix, fibrosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further analysis condensed this signature to a core set of 23 genes that are associated with CD8+ T cell localization, and were prospectively validated in an independent cohort of HCC specimens. These findings suggest a potential association between elevated fibrosis, possibly modulated by TGF-β, PDGFR, SHH or Notch pathway, and the T cell-excluded immune phenotype. Indeed, targeting fibrosis using a TGF-β neutralizing antibody in the STAM™ model of murine HCC, we found that ameliorating the fibrotic environment could facilitate redistribution of CD8+ lymphocytes into tumors. Our results provide a strong rationale for utilizing immunotherapies in HCC earlier during treatment, potentially in combination with anti-fibrotic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Okrah
- Department of Biostatistics, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - S. Tarighat
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - B. Liu
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - H. Koeppen
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. C. Wagle
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - G. Cheng
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - C. Sun
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - A. Dey
- Department of Research, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. T. Chang
- Department of Research, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - T. Sumiyoshi
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Z. Mounir
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - C. Cummings
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - G. Hampton
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - L. Amler
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - J. Fridlyand
- Department of Biostatistics, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - P. S. Hegde
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - S. J. Turley
- Department of Research, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. R. Lackner
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - S. M. Huang
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Xue FS, Sun C, Liu GP. Assessing influence of thermal softened double-lumen endobronchial tube on postoperative airway injury and morbidity: a call for methodology clarification. Br J Anaesth 2018; 118:139-140. [PMID: 28039251 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Sun
- Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - G P Liu
- Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Yao J, Cui B, Zhao X, Zhi H, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Sun C, Liu G, Gao J, Cui H. Antagonistic Effect of Azoxystrobin Poly (Lactic Acid) Microspheres with Controllable Particle Size on Colletotrichum higginsianum Sacc. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:nano8100857. [PMID: 30347772 PMCID: PMC6215297 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Size-controlled azoxystrobin-poly (lactic acid) microspheres (MS) were prepared by an oil/water emulsion solvent evaporation approach. The hydrated mean particle sizes of the MS1, MS2, and MS3 aqueous dispersions were 130.9 nm, 353.4 nm, and 3078.0 nm, respectively. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of the azoxystrobin microspheres had a positive relationship with particle size. However, the release rate and percentage of cumulative release were inversely related to particle size. The smaller-sized microspheres had a greater potential to access the target mitochondria. As a result, the more severe oxidative damage of Colletotrichum higginsianum Sacc and higher antagonistic activity were induced by the smaller particle size of azoxystrobin microspheres. The 50% lethal concentrations against Colletotrichum higginsianum Sacc of MS1, MS2, and MS3 were 2.0386 μg/mL, 12.7246 μg/mL, and 21.2905 μg/mL, respectively. These findings reveal that particle size is a critical factor in increasing the bioavailability of insoluble fungicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Yao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Heng Zhi
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jinming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Chen Y, Xi J, Zhu W, Lin J, Luo S, Yue D, Cai S, Sun C, Zhao C, Mitsuhashi S, Nishino I, Xu M, Lu J. MYOFIBRILLAR AND DISTAL MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
156
|
Xu Y, Wang X, Cai Y, Guo Y, Sun C, Ma K. P2.09-16 Heterogeneity Analyses of MSLCs—Especially in the EGFR Mutation-Positive Ones. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
157
|
Wang Y, Zhao X, Du W, Liu J, Chen W, Sun C, Cui B, Zeng Z, Shen Y, Gao F, Wang A, Liu G, Cui H. Production of Transgenic Mice Through Sperm-Mediated Gene Transfer Using Magnetic Nano-Carriers. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2018; 13:1673-1681. [PMID: 29490755 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2017.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Current methods of transgenic animal production suffer from low efficiency, cumbersome operation, and high cost. Magnetic nanoparticles (MagNPs) have several characteristics, such as a high carrying efficiency, non-immunogenicity, and strong targeting inducible via magnetic fields, that make them well-suited for use in the generation of transgenic animals. In this study, we used magnetic nano-carriers combined with sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) to generate transgenic mice that harbor the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. Exogenous plasmid DNA loaded onto Fe3O4 MagNPs were first delivered into mouse sperm cells under a magnetic field. Transfected sperm cells were then incubated with oocytes to complete fertilization, and transgenic mice were successfully generated though embryo transplantation. We demonstrate that this method is exceedingly facile, fast, and cost-effective, with higher transfection efficiency than that of conventional liposome methods.
Collapse
|
158
|
Wang YX, Zhou TY, Sun C. [Progress in the study of the relationship between respiratory regulation and central nervous sxstem channels in mechanical ventilation patients]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2018; 41:553-557. [PMID: 29996353 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
159
|
Liang J, Yu M, Guo L, Cui B, Zhao X, Sun C, Wang Y, Liu G, Cui H, Zeng Z. Bioinspired Development of P(St-MAA)-Avermectin Nanoparticles with High Affinity for Foliage To Enhance Folia Retention. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:6578-6584. [PMID: 28727420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical or biological substances to control pests and protect the crop yield. Most pesticides suffering from large amounts of losses in the environment lead to damage of ecological systems and food pollution. To reduce their losses and increase the utilization rate, we have developed bioinspired mussel avermectin nanoparticles [P(St-MAA)-Av-Cat] with strong adhesion to crop foliage by the emulsion-solvent evaporation method and chemical modification. They were near spheres with a diameter of around 120 nm. They displayed remarkable high avermectin content of more than 50% (w/w) and presented excellent storage stability as well as continuous sustained release. The photosensitive avermectins loaded were highly improved against ultraviolet light. Meanwhile, the retention rate of P(St-MAA)-Av-Cat on the crop foliage surfaces was significantly increased. As a result, the indoor toxicity of P(St-MAA)-Av-Cat was highly enhanced. The adhesive property strongly depended upon the functional groups on the nanoparticle surface. The multimodal binding mode of P(St-MAA)-Av-Cat to the crop foliage surface resulted in stronger adhesion and a longer retention time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Manli Yu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liya Guo
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Zhao X, Cui H, Wang Y, Sun C, Cui B, Zeng Z. Development Strategies and Prospects of Nano-based Smart Pesticide Formulation. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:6504-6512. [PMID: 28654254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are important inputs for enhancing crop productivity and preventing major biological disasters. However, more than 90% of pesticides run off into the environment and reside in agricultural products in the process of application as a result of the disadvantages of conventional pesticide formulation, such as the use of a harmful solvent, poor dispersion, dust drift, etc. In recent years, using nanotechnology to create novel formulations has shown great potential in improving the efficacy and safety of pesticides. The development of nano-based pesticide formulation aims at precise release of necessary and sufficient amounts of their active ingredients in responding to environmental triggers and biological demands through controlled release mechanisms. This paper discusses several scientific issues and strategies regarding the development of nano-based pesticide formulations: (i) construction of water-based dispersion pesticide nanoformulation, (ii) mechanism on leaf-targeted deposition and dose transfer of pesticide nanodelivery system, (iii) mechanism on increased bioavailability of nano-based pesticide formulation, and (iv) impacts of nanoformulation on natural degradation and biosafety of pesticide residues.
Collapse
|
161
|
Sun C, Sun J, Tan M, Hu B, Gao X, Song J. Pain after root canal treatment with different instruments: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - J Sun
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - M Tan
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - B Hu
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - X Gao
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - J Song
- College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education; College of Stomatology; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Li Q, Sun C. [Clinical analysis of post-operative vertigo in cochlear implantation]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:803-806. [PMID: 29921045 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
163
|
Zhang XX, Fang Y, Xu LB, Xu SF, Zhao ZG, Sun C, Ma PQ, Liu T, Yu SJ, Zhang WJ. [The role of preoperative (18)F-FDG PET-CT in lymphatic metastasis diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma on extremities and trunk]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:372-378. [PMID: 29860765 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of preoperative (18)F-Fludeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG PET-CT) in lymphatic metastasis diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma on extremities and trunk. Methods: 112 patients with cutaneous melanoma pathologically of extremities and trunk from January 2006 to December 2016, who received (18)F-FDG PET-CT examination preoperatively, were retrospectively reviewed. The correlations between the maximal diameters of lymph nodes, the maximal standard uptake value (SUV) and the diagnostic impression grades of PET-CT examination, and the final pathological diagnosis were analyzed. The correlations between Breslow thickness of primary lesions and the diagnostic impression of PET-CT examination were also analyzed. All the above were analyzed with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to get the cut-off value. Based on the final results of pathological diagnosis of lymph nodes as the golden standard, the statistically significant indicators of ROC curve analysis were used to evaluate the diagnostic effect, as well as to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. With gender, age, maximal diameter of lymph nodes, maximal SUV, diagnosis impressions, and Breslow thickness as the independent variables and pathological diagnosis results of lymph nodes as the dependent variable, two-class stepwise Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independence of diagnostic indicators. ROC curve analysis and log rank test were used to analyze the relationship between Breslow thickness and patient survival. Results: To evaluate melanoma patients' lymph node status, the results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of lymph node maximal diameter, maximal SUV, diagnosis impression of PET-CT examinations were 0.789, 0.786 and 0.816, respectively (all P<0.05). The cut-off values were 0.85 cm, 1.45 and 2.5, respectively. The sensitivity of the cut-off values to determine the status of lymph nodes in melanoma patients were 71.4%, 64.9% and 72.1% respectively, and the specificities were 85.2%, 88.7% and 87.0% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that PET-CT diagnosis impressions had independent diagnostic significance for the lymph node status of melanoma patients (OR=11.296, 95%CI: 2.550~50.033). The area under the curve of Breslow thickness evaluating PET-CT diagnostic impression is 0.664 (P=0.042) and the cut-off value was 4.25 mm. The survival rate of the patients with Breslow thickness ≥ 4.25 mm was lower than that in the group <4.25 mm (P=0.006). Conclusions: (18)F-FDG PET-CT can help to evaluate metastases and make treatment decisions for cutaneous melanoma of extremities and trunk, especially for patients whose primary lesion's Breslow thickness has reached more than 4.25 mm. For the patients whose maximal SUV of regional lymph node is higher than 1.45 and short diameter of the largest lymph node is larger than 0.85cm, the possibility of metastases should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X X Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Fang
- Center of PET-CT, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L B Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S F Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z G Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - P Q Ma
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S J Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W J Zhang
- Center of PET-CT, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Liu C, Wang L, Zhuang J, Liu L, Zhou C, Feng F, Sun C. Should de-escalation of bone-targeting agents be standard of care for patients with bone metastases from breast cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:1329-1330. [PMID: 29788163 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - L Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - J Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang
| | - L Liu
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang
| | - F Feng
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang
| | - C Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Stødle GS, Silva GB, Tangerås LH, Gierman LM, Nervik I, Dahlberg UE, Sun C, Aune MH, Thomsen LCV, Bjørge L, Iversen AC. Placental inflammation in pre-eclampsia by Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome activation in trophoblasts. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 193:84-94. [PMID: 29683202 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is associated with increased levels of cholesterol and uric acid and an inflamed placenta expressing danger-sensing pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Crystalline cholesterol and uric acid activate the PRR Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome to release interleukin (IL)-1β and result in vigorous inflammation. We aimed to characterize crystal-induced NLRP3 activation in placental inflammation and examine its role in pre-eclampsia. We confirmed that serum total cholesterol and uric acid were elevated in pre-eclamptic compared to healthy pregnancies and correlated positively to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the pre-eclampsia marker soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1). The NLRP3 inflammasome pathway components (NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β) and priming factors [complement component 5a (C5a) and terminal complement complex (TCC)] were co-expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast layer which covers the placental surface and interacts with maternal blood. The expression of IL-1β and TCC was increased significantly and C5a-positive regions in the syncytiotrophoblast layer appeared more frequent in pre-eclamptic compared to normal pregnancies. In-vitro activation of placental explants and trophoblasts confirmed NLRP3 inflammasome pathway functionality by complement-primed crystal-induced release of IL-1β. This study confirms crystal-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation located at the syncytiotrophoblast layer as a mechanism of placental inflammation and suggests contribution of enhanced NLRP3 activation to the harmful placental inflammation in pre-eclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Stødle
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - G B Silva
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L H Tangerås
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L M Gierman
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - I Nervik
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - U E Dahlberg
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - C Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - M H Aune
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - L C V Thomsen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - L Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A-C Iversen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Rocha J, Sun C, Glogauer M, Philpott D. A75 ROLE OF LRRK2 IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Variants of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with an increased susceptibility to Parkinson disease but also Crohn’s disease (CD).
Aims
The present research is designed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the role of LRRK2 in immune system modulation, and how dysfunction of this pathway may lead to the development of CD.
Methods
WT and LRRK2-deficient neutrophil were infected with Gram-positive Bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes-LM) in a gentamicin protection assays and colony-forming unit assessment will determine the competence of LRRK2 deficient cells for bacterial phagocytosis as well as killing capacity). To examine how LRRK2 is involved in the generation of ROS during the respiratory burst, we will first examine if neutrophil from LRRK2-KO mice have altered ROS generation upon infection with LM and addition of PMA. We evaluate in vitro the ability of neutrophils from LRRK2-KO versus WT mice to transmigrate in vitro in a transwell assay using fMLP as a chemattractant. Also, we investigate the peritoneal cells (by FACS analysis) after injection of different microbial stimuli including FK105 (NOD1 ligand), MDP (NOD2 ligand) and LPS (TLR4 ligand) and anti-cd3 model of ielitis.
Results
We found that LRRK2 KO mice have a defect in migration of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity after injection of different microbial stimuli including FK10565 (NOD1 ligand), MDP (NOD2 ligand) and LPS (TLR4 ligand). Neutrophils from LRRK2 mice were compromised in their ability to transmigrate in vitro in a transwell assay using fMLP as a chemoattractant. Chemotaxis was also compromised. In parallel, we designed experiments to examine reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in response to infection of myeloid cells with bacteria. Neutrophils from LRRK2 KO mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes were less able to restrict bacteria growth compared to WT cells. Consistent with these findings, cells from LRRK2 KO mice produced lower levels of ROS following bacterial infection. In order to determine whether myeloid cell migration is compromised in vivo during inflammation, we performed experiments in WT and KO mice looking at different models of ileitis/colitis.
Conclusions
With this work we will further characterize the role of LRRK2 in intestinal homeostasis and mucosal barrier maintenance, including how its deficiency may predispose an individual to developing CD.
Funding Agencies
CAG, CIHR
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Rocha
- Immunology, University of Toronto, TORONTO, ON, Canada
| | - C Sun
- Immunology, University of Toronto, TORONTO, ON, Canada
| | - M Glogauer
- Immunology, University of Toronto, TORONTO, ON, Canada
| | - D Philpott
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Shi HB, Du Y, Zhang CH, Sun C, He YL, Wu YH, Liu JX, Luo J, Loor JJ. Fatty acid elongase 5 (ELOVL5) alters the synthesis of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids in goat mammary epithelial cells. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4586-4594. [PMID: 29454701 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased production of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (LCUFA) can have a positive effect on the nutritional value of ruminant milk for human consumption. In nonruminant species, fatty acid elongase 5 (ELOVL5) is a key enzyme for endogenous synthesis of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids. However, whether ELOVL5 protein plays a role (if any) in ruminant mammary tissue remains unclear. In the present study, we assessed the mRNA abundance of ELOVL5 at 3 stages of lactation in goat mammary tissue. Results revealed that ELOVL5 had the lowest expression at peak lactation compared with the nonlactating and late-lactating periods. The ELOVL5 was overexpressed or knocked down to assess its role in goat mammary epithelial cells. Results revealed that ELOVL5 overexpression increased the expression of perilipin2 (PLIN2) and decreased diacylglycerolacyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) mRNA, but had no effect on the expression of DGAT1, FADS1, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). Overexpression of ELOVL5 decreased the concentration of C16:1n-7, whereas no significant change in C18:1n-7 and C18:1n-9 was observed. Knockdown of ELOVL5 decreased the expression of PLIN2 but had no effect on DGAT1, DGAT2, FADS1, FADS2, and SCD1 mRNA expression. Knockdown of ELOVL5 increased the concentration of C16:1n-7 and decreased that of C18:1n-7. The alterations of expression of genes related to lipid metabolism after overexpression or knockdown of ELOVL5 suggested a negative feedback regulation by the products of ELOVL5 activation. However, the content of triacylglycerol was not altered by knockdown or overexpression of ELOVL5 in goat mammary epithelial cells, which might have been due to the insufficient availability of substrate in vitro. Collectively, these are the first in vitro results highlighting an important role of ELOVL5 in the elongation of 16-carbon to 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids in ruminant mammary cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H B Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
| | - Y Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - C H Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - C Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Y L He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Y H Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - J X Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - J Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - J J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Huang B, Chen F, Shen Y, Qian K, Wang Y, Sun C, Zhao X, Cui B, Gao F, Zeng Z, Cui H. Advances in Targeted Pesticides with Environmentally Responsive Controlled Release by Nanotechnology. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E102. [PMID: 29439498 PMCID: PMC5853733 DOI: 10.3390/nano8020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are the basis for defending against major biological disasters and important for ensuring national food security. Biocompatible, biodegradable, intelligent, and responsive materials are currently an emerging area of interest in the field of efficient, safe, and green pesticide formulation. Using nanotechnology to design and prepare targeted pesticides with environmentally responsive controlled release via compound and chemical modifications has also shown great potential in creating novel formulations. In this review, special attention has been paid to intelligent pesticides with precise controlled release modes that can respond to micro-ecological environment changes such as light-sensitivity, thermo-sensitivity, humidity sensitivity, soil pH, and enzyme activity. Moreover, establishing intelligent and controlled pesticide release technologies using nanomaterials are reported. These technologies could increase pesticide-loading, improve the dispersibility and stability of active ingredients, and promote target ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingna Huang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Feifei Chen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Bi Z, Sun C, Börjesson S, Chen B, Ji X, Berglund B, Wang M, Nilsson M, Yin H, Sun Q, Hulth A, Wang Y, Wu C, Bi Z, Nilsson LE. Identical genotypes of community-associated MRSA (ST59) and livestock-associated MRSA (ST9) in humans and pigs in rural China. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:367-371. [PMID: 29377579 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA in samples taken in households, with and without backyard pigs in villages in a rural area of Shandong Province, China. Community-associated MRSA and livestock-associated MRSA, belonging to ST59 and ST9, respectively, were identified in both humans and pigs. The genotypic and phenotypic comparison of isolates indicates that bidirectional transmission of MRSA has occurred between humans and pigs in the villages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - C Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - S Börjesson
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - X Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - B Berglund
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - H Yin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Q Sun
- School of Health Care Management, Shandong University, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC (Shandong University), Shandong, China
| | - A Hulth
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Y Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - C Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - L E Nilsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Cui B, Wang C, Zhao X, Yao J, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Sun C, Liu G, Cui H. Characterization and evaluation of avermectin solid nanodispersion prepared by microprecipitation and lyophilisation techniques. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191742. [PMID: 29360866 PMCID: PMC5779682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble and photosensitive pesticide compounds are difficult to formulate as solvent-free nanoformulations with high efficacy. A avermectin solid nanodispersion with a mean particle size of 188 nm was developed by microprecipitation and lyophilisation techniques. The suspensibility and wetting time of the solid nanodispersion in water were 99.8% and 13 s, respectively, superior to those of conventional water dispersible granules and wettable powders. The anti-photolysis performance of the nanoformulation was twice that of the technical material, and the biological activity against diamondback moths was more than 1.5 times that of the conventional solid formulations while taking LC 50 as the evaluation index. Moreover, the formulation composition substantially decreased the surfactant content and avoided organic solvents. Microprecipitation combined with lyophilisation is an easy and promising method to construct solid nanoformulations for pesticides with poor water solubility and environmental sensitivity. The application of the highly effective solid nanodispersion in crop production will have a great potential in reducing chemical residues and environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Yao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Sun C, Zhang J, Yin DL, Li K, Wang Q, Xie YH, Li W. [Role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with CTLA4Ig and CD40LIg gene modification in rejection reaction after liver transplantation]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26:54-59. [PMID: 29804363 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with CTLA4Ig and CD40LIg gene modification in rejection reaction after liver transplantation in rats and possible mechanisms. Methods: The modified Kamada's two-cuff technique was used to establish a Lewis-BN rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation, and a total of 75 rats were randomly divided into groups A, B, C, D, and E, with 15 rats in each group. The rats in group A (control group) were given infusion of isotonic saline via the portal vein during liver transplantation, those in group B (BMSC group) were given infusion of BMSCs via the portal vein during liver transplantation, those in group C (BMSCs with CTLA4Ig gene modification) were given infusion of BMSCs carrying the CTLA4Ig gene via the portal vein during liver transplantation, those in group D (BMSCs with CD40LIg gene modification) were given infusion of BMSCs carrying the CD40LIg gene via the portal vein during liver transplantation, and those in group E (BMSCs with CTLA4Ig and CD40LIg gene modification) were given infusion of BMSCs carrying CTLA4Ig and CD40LIg gene modification via the portal vein during liver transplantation. Postoperative survival and change in liver function were observed. HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the graft liver, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means of multiple samples, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was used for comparison of survival rates between multiple groups. Results: Group E had a significantly longer survival time after surgery than groups A, B, C, and D (P < 0.05), groups C and D had a significantly longer survival time than groups A and B (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups C and D (P > 0.05). On day 10 after surgery, group A had significantly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin than the other four groups (P < 0.05). HE staining showed severe rejection reaction in group A, moderate rejection reaction in group B, and mild rejection reaction in groups C and D; pathological examination showed no marked rejection reaction in group E. Group A had significant increases in the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ and significant reductions in the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 after surgery compared with the other four groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Infusion of BMSCs with modification of both CTLA4Ig and CD40LIg genes can significantly inhibit acute rejection reaction after liver transplantation in rats and effectively prolong the survival time of the graft liver, with a better effect than infusion of BMSCs alone or BMSCs with modification of CTLA4Ig or CD40LIg gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- Department of Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Huainan City, Huainan 232001, China
| | - J Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - D L Yin
- the First People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - K Li
- Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Huainan City, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Y H Xie
- Department of Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Huainan City, Huainan 232001, China
| | - W Li
- the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Wensheng L, Wu R, Wang X, Xu M, Sun G, Sun C. Clinical Complications of Combined Phacoemulsification and Vitrectomy for Eyes with Coexisting Cataract and Vitreoretinal Diseases. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 19:37-45. [PMID: 19123147 DOI: 10.1177/112067210901900106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To discuss the intraoperative and postoperative complications of combining phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with significant cataract and coexisting vitreoretinal diseases. Methods This retrospective study consisted of 186 eyes of 149 patients with various vitreoretinal abnormalities and visually significant cataracts. Vitreoretinal surgery was combined with clear corneal phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation. Main outcome measures were the intraoperative and postoperative complications at from 6 to 56 months. Results The most common intraoperative complication was iatrogenic retinal hole (5.3%), transient corneal edema (3.2%), and posterior capsule break (2.1%). The most common postoperative complication was posterior capsule opacification (21.5%) and elevated intraocular pressure (9.7%), macular edema (8.1%), fibrinous reaction (6.9%), vitreous hemorrhage (3.7%), posterior synechiae (3.7%), and recurrent retinal detachment (3.2%). Postoperatively, in 162 eyes (87.1%), visual acuity improved by 3 lines or more on the Snellen chart. In 14 eyes (7.5%), vision remained within 3 lines of preoperative levels and in 10 eyes (5.3%), vision had decreased at the last follow-up. Conclusions Postoperative complications did not increase significantly in the combined phacoemulsification and vitreoretinal surgery. Combined vitreoretinal surgery and phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation is safe and effective in treating vitreoretinal abnormalities coexisting with cataract. Based on extensive experience with the combined procedure, the authors suggest that combined surgery is recommended in select patients having simultaneous vitreoretinal pathologic changes and cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Wensheng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| | - R. Wu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| | - X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| | - M. Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| | - G. Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| | - C. Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, China National Optometry Center, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou - China
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Wang A, Wang Y, Sun C, Wang C, Cui B, Zhao X, Zeng Z, Yao J, Yang D, Liu G, Cui H. Fabrication, Characterization, and Biological Activity of Avermectin Nano-delivery Systems with Different Particle Sizes. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:2. [PMID: 29318395 PMCID: PMC5760487 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nano-delivery systems for the active ingredients of pesticides can improve the utilization rates of pesticides and prolong their control effects. This is due to the nanocarrier envelope and controlled release function. However, particles containing active ingredients in controlled release pesticide formulations are generally large and have wide size distributions. There have been limited studies about the effect of particle size on the controlled release properties and biological activities of pesticide delivery systems. In the current study, avermectin (Av) nano-delivery systems were constructed with different particle sizes and their performances were evaluated. The Av release rate in the nano-delivery system could be effectively controlled by changing the particle size. The biological activity increased with decreasing particle size. These results suggest that Av nano-delivery systems can significantly improve the controllable release, photostability, and biological activity, which will improve efficiency and reduce pesticide residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Yao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Du YQ, Sun C, Huang SM, Yang DL, Wu J. [Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells regulate adaptive immune tolerance in the liver]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 25:309-312. [PMID: 28494555 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are a major group of nonparenchymal cells in the liver and are involved in immunological surveillance of the liver through the expression of various scavenger receptors and pattern recognition receptors. However, in case of several physiological states, viral infections, and tumor environment, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells maintain immune tolerance in the liver through various mechanisms and cause persistent viral infection and tumor metastasis. This article reviews the mechanisms of immune tolerance of CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells in the liver induced by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
175
|
Sun C, Yuan M, Zhai L, Li D, Zhang X, Wu T, Xu X, Wang Y, Han Z. Iron deficiency stress can induce MxNAS1 protein expression to facilitate iron redistribution in Malus xiaojinensis. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2018; 20:29-38. [PMID: 28921771 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a vital trace element in plants, and deficiency of this element in apple trees can reduce fruit quality. Nicotianamine (NA) is known to play an important role in Fe transport and endogenous hormone balance. In the present study, we investigated the role of a nicotianamine synthase 1 gene (MxNas1) in an apple species, Malus xiaojinensis, that has a more Fe-efficient genotype than other apple species and ecotypes. To characterise the response of M. xiaojinensis to Fe deficiency, we used quantitative Q-PCR to determine the level of expression of MxNas1 and Western blot to measure protein levels. Immunohistochemical staining and GFP fluorescence localisation of the MxNAS1 protein were also carried out. HPLC and polarised absorption spectrophotometry were performed to investigate the effects of overexpression of MxNas1 in order to elucidate the role of MxNAS1 in the cellular uptake of active Fe in tobacco suspension cells. We found that MxNas1 expression and protein levels were higher under Fe deficiency stress than under Fe sufficiency. Immunohistochemical staining showed that MxNAS1 was localised mainly in the epidermal and vascular tissues of the roots, vascular tissues of the stem and palisade cells of mature leaves, and in parenchyma cells of young leaves. MxNAS1 was mainly localised in the plasma membranes and vesicles of protoplasts. In addition, overexpression of MxNas1 in stable transgenic tobacco cells increased NA and active Fe content under Fe sufficiency. The results suggest that MxNas1 expression in M. xiaojinensis is induced in response to Fe deficiency stress, resulting in higher levels of the protein. MxNAS1 may be involved in the redistribution of Fe in M. xiaojinensis under Fe deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - M Yuan
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Bayi High School, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhai
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - D Li
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - T Wu
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X Xu
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Han
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Tree Fruit of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Chao TK, Sun C, Beach JR. Developing a tool for identifying high-risk employers for inspection. Occup Med (Lond) 2017; 67:609-614. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqx136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
177
|
Panek R, Wdowin M, Franus W, Czarna D, Stevens L, Deng H, Liu J, Sun C, Liu H, Snape C. Fly ash-derived MCM-41 as a low-cost silica support for polyethyleneimine in post-combustion CO2 capture. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
178
|
Zhao X, Meng Z, Wang Y, Chen W, Sun C, Cui B, Cui J, Yu M, Zeng Z, Guo S, Luo D, Cheng JQ, Zhang R, Cui H. Pollen magnetofection for genetic modification with magnetic nanoparticles as gene carriers. Nat Plants 2017; 3:956-964. [PMID: 29180813 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-017-0063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification plays a vital role in breeding new crops with excellent traits. Almost all the current genetic modification methods require regeneration from tissue culture, involving complicated, long and laborious processes. In particular, many crop species such as cotton are difficult to regenerate. Here, we report a novel transformation platform technology, pollen magnetofection, to directly produce transgenic seeds without regeneration. In this system, exogenous DNA loaded with magnetic nanoparticles was delivered into pollen in the presence of a magnetic field. Through pollination with magnetofected pollen, transgenic plants were successfully generated from transformed seeds. Exogenous DNA was successfully integrated into the genome, effectively expressed and stably inherited in the offspring. Our system is culture-free and genotype independent. In addition, it is simple, fast and capable of multi-gene transformation. We envision that pollen magnetofection can transform almost all crops, greatly facilitating breeding processes of new varieties of transgenic crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Meng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manli Yu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sandui Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jerry Q Cheng
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Sun C, Mullins J, Abate A. Whole genome sequencing of single HIV provirus and its proviral integration site for the study of HIV latency. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
180
|
Li Y, Sun C, Jia H, Luo XJ. [Analysis of the effect of mesial implant position on surrounding bone stress of mandibular edentulous jaw under dynamic loads]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 52:672-677. [PMID: 29972946 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of different placement of mesial implants in edentulous jaws on the stress of the implant and the surrounding bone tissue by three-dimensional (3D)finite element analysis. Methods: Cone-beam CT data of mandibular edentulous patients was transferred into Mimics 17.0 and UG NX8.5 software, and three groups of 3D solid model were established: two mesial implants were implanted in the anterior region of the mandible (bilateral central incisor, lateral incisor, canine), and two distal oblique implant with 30° were implanted in the mandibular second premolar area(5 mm near the mental foramen). Set mandible 3D model with 4 implant by using UG NX8.5 software, produced 3 groups (mandible Ⅰ-Ⅲ). We took dynamic loading on models with help of software Abaqus 6.12, working side posterior teeth loading was set to 150 N and the simulation cycle was 0.875 s. The first stage: 0.000 s to 0.130 s, the lower jaw moves outward (moving toward the side of the work), with no contact between the upper and lower teeth; the second stage: 0.130 s to 0.150 s, mandibular upward, the same tooth tip of the working side were relative, the loading position were the posterior buccal tip, tongue tip; the third stage: 0.150 s to 0.260 s, the buccal slopes of buccal tips of mandibular posterior teeth glide along the lingual slopes of buccal tips of maxillary posterior teeth, the loading force was from the buccal side to the lingual side, the long axis of the tooth was 45°, loaded on the buccal slopes of buccal tips of posterior teeth; the fourth stage: 0.260 s to 0.300 s, the lingual slopes of buccal tips of mandibular posterior teeth glide along the buccal slopes of the tongue tips of maxillary posterior teeth, separate from the tip of the tooth at half the length, the loading force was from the lingual side to the buccal side, the long axis of the tooth was 45°, loaded on the lingual slopes of buccal tips of posterior teeth; the fifth stage: 0.300 s to 0.875 s, at the unloading stage, mandibular posterior teeth were separated from the maxillary teeth and returned to the intercuspal position. The loading position varied according to the mastication cycle. The stress distribution of implant and surrounding bone tissue at different stages of each model were observed. Results: From the early stage to chew occlusal contact to the end of the mastication cycle, three groups of models were displayed: the stress of distal implants was greater than that of mesial implants and the neck stress reached the maximum and gradually decreased to the root tip. The stress of distal implant bone was greater than that of mesial implant bone and the stress of distal bone of distal implant was greater than that of mesial bone of distal implant. All the stress peak showed a gradual increase, and the stress reach the maximum at the fourth stage. In the 3 models, the bone stress around the distal implant of model of the anterior implant located in the lateral incisor region was the lowest. The peak stress of cortical bone of the distal position of implant was 58.7 MPa. The bone stress around the distal implant of model of the anterior implant located in the canine region reached the maximum, and the peak stress of cortical bone of the distal position of implant was 135.6 MPa. Conclusions: When mesial implants of edentulous jaws located in the lateral incisor region, it is good for stress dispersion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001
| | - C Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China(Present address: Department of Stomatology, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhi, Changzhi Shanxi 046011, China)
| | - H Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - X J Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Wang Y, Wang A, Wang C, Cui B, Sun C, Zhao X, Zeng Z, Shen Y, Gao F, Liu G, Cui H. Synthesis and characterization of emamectin-benzoate slow-release microspheres with different surfactants. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12761. [PMID: 28986529 PMCID: PMC5630577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide slow-release formulations provide a way to increase the efficiency of active components by reducing the amount of pesticide that needs to be applied. Slow-release formulations also increase the stability and prolong the control effect of photosensitive pesticides. Surfactants are an indispensable part of pesticide formulations, and the choice of surfactant can strongly affect formulation performance. In this study, emamectin-benzoate (EMB) slow-release microspheres were prepared by the microemulsion polymerization method. We explored the effect of different surfactants on the particle size and dispersity of EMB in slow-release microspheres. The results indicated that the samples had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of 320.5 ±5.24 nm and good dispersity in the optimal formulation with the polymeric stabilizer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and composite non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene castor oil (EL-40). The optimal EMB pesticide slow-release microspheres had excellent anti-photolysis performance, stability, controlled release properties, and good leaf distribution. These results demonstrated that EMB slow-release microspheres are an attractive candidate for improving pesticide efficacy and prolonging the control effect of EMB in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Nano Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academic of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
DuRoss A, Rosch J, Brown A, Sahay G, Jaboin J, Thomas C, Sun C. Radiolytic Nanoparticle Delivery of Radiation Sensitizers for BRCA-Proficient Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
183
|
Zeng J, Sun WL, Chen GY, Pan Q, Yan SY, Sun C, Xu ZJ, Fan JG. [Efficiency of FibroScan and FibroTouch in liver stiffness measurement and fat quantification: a comparative analysis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 24:652-658. [PMID: 27788720 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficiency of FibroScan(FS)and FibroTouch(FT)in liver stiffness measurement(LSM)and fat quantification through a comparative analysis. Methods: The outpatients or hospitalized patients who underwent LSM and fat quantification using FS and FT were enrolled. The differences in success rate and detecting parameters between FS and FT were analyzed, as well as the correlation between FS and FT values. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and a one-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between multiple groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups. Results: A total of 1621 patients were enrolled. The success rates of FT and FS were 100% and 94.96%, respectively, and the success rate of FS was influenced by sex, age, body mass index, and biochemical markers of liver function. FT has a significantly shorter duration of single detection and a significantly lower number of times of single detection than FS(duration of single detection: 190.21±38.78 s vs 220.89±68.36 s, P < 0.01; number of single detection times: 10.31±1.32 vs 11.81±3.76, P < 0.01), as well as a significantly lower ratio of interquartile range to median of fat quantification in the same patient(5.39%±4.81% vs 17.18%±14.07%, P < 0.01). The LSM and fat quantification of FS were significantly correlated with those of FT(r = 0.645 and 0.620, both Based on the duration and number of times of single detection, success rate, and stability of fat quantification, FT seems to have a better detection efficiency than FS. The detection values of FT and FS can be calculated with regression equations < 0.01). The equations of linear regression were LSM(FT)= 4.435+0.477×LSM(FS); CAP(FT)= 134.71+0.456×CAP(FS). Conclusion: Based on the duration and number of times of single detection, success rate, and stability of fat quantification, FT seems to have a better detection efficiency than FS. The detection values of FT and FS can be calculated with regression equations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Fatty Liver, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
184
|
Ding Y, Sun C, Li J, Hu L, Li M, Liu J, Pu L, Xiong S. The Prognostic Significance of Soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression in Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:361-367. [PMID: 28930374 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The differential expression of soluble programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) has been found in some cancers; however, the correlation between sPD-L1 expression and prognosis value in tumour is still unclear. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to assess the prognostic value of sPD-L1 in patients with cancer. Eligible studies were searched for in the databases including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Wiley Online Library database. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated to assess the prognostic significance of sPD-L1 in human cancer. Eight studies and 1102 patients with cancer were included in the final analysis, and the combined analysis indicated that a higher level of sPD-L1 was associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.21-1.99). Furthermore, statistical significance was also observed in subgroup analysis stratified by the cancer type (haematological neoplasms or non-haematological neoplasms), sample size (more or less than 100), cut-off value of sPD-L1 (more or less than 6.51 ng/ml) and ethnicity (Asian or European). The meta-analysis indicates that circulating sPD-L1 changes may serve as a useful biomarker for cancer prognosis, and higher level of sPD-L1 may also be associated with poor outcomes in patients with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ding
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical university, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical university, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Hu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Pu
- Department of Hematology, The Third People's Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - S Xiong
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Shen Y, Wang Y, Zhao X, Sun C, Cui B, Gao F, Zeng Z, Cui H. Preparation and Physicochemical Characteristics of Thermo-Responsive Emamectin BenzoateMicrocapsules. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E418. [PMID: 30965720 PMCID: PMC6418524 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-responsive release emamectin benzoate microcapsules were successfully prepared with a polydopamine (PDA)-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) multifunctional layer. Preparation of emamectin benzoate microcapsules was first studied by emulsion interfacial-polymerization using PDA as a wall material. Then the amino-terminated PNIPAm was grafted on the PDA layer by its amino group in aqueous solution. Physicochemical characterization of microcapsules was obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Kinetic study of emamectin benzoate release showed that the microcapsules exhibit sustained- and controlled-release properties. The multifunctional layer can release emamectin benzoate easily when the temperature was below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In contrast, when the temperature increased above the LCST, the release rate was reduced. The results indicated that these microcapsules with excellent thermo-sensitivity would be promising in the research field of pesticide microcapsules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Song F, Pan Y, Zhao Z, Deng J, Sun C. Preservation of Devitalized Bone in Necrotic Digits Following Crush Injury With Free Tissue Transfer. J Hand Surg Am 2017; 42:755.e1-755.e6. [PMID: 28410938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Traditional management of necrotic digits has been to allow demarcation between viable and nonviable tissues to occur, and thus to indicate the level of amputation required. In this case report, the phalangeal length of the necrotic thumb was maintained in 2 patients who had sustained crush injury. After nonviable soft tissues were debrided, the devitalized bones were covered with soft tissue flaps. All wounds healed without infection. Both cosmetic and functional results of the reconstructed thumbs were satisfactory. In one patient, radiographs of the thumb demonstrated resorption of the distal phalanx, but this did not impede daily use. This experience supports an earlier observation suggesting that devitalized bone can be covered for salvage in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongwei Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzheng Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Zou Y, Li P, Zhang K, Wang L, Zhang M, Sun Z, Sun C, Geng Z, Xu W, Wang D. Effects of ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction on the physiochemical and functional characteristics of chicken liver protein isolate. Poult Sci 2017; 96:2975-2985. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
188
|
Sun C, Yeh C, Cheng H, Lu L, Shen R, Chiu C. ATTITUDES TOWARD AGING AND CHANGE IN PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN TAIWAN. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sun
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - C. Yeh
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - H. Cheng
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - L. Lu
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - R. Shen
- Institute of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C. Chiu
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan,
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Sun C, Zhang S, Wei L, Zhang JZ. Clinical research on correction of ankle arthritis-related factor levels via urea. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:2981-2988. [PMID: 28742210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the reliability of urea as the internal reference of ankle irrigating fluid in correction of synovial fluid and related factor concentration dilution times, and to further determine the factor expression level in synovial fluid. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 91 patients, including 20 cases of non-posterior median foot lesions and 71 cases of unilateral ankle osteoarthritis, were enrolled in this study. AOFAS score, Takakura staging and visual analogue pain scale were given; the venous blood was collected and the ankle fluid and irrigating fluid were obtained from the affected side via puncture. The urea in serum, synovial fluid and irrigating fluid was quantified using an AU5800 biochemical instrument (Beckman Coulter). Statistical analysis was performed for the correlation between urea in serum and synovial fluid; the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IGF-1 and HELIX-II in irrigating fluid quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were further corrected. RESULTS There was a good linear relationship between urea contents in synovial fluid and serum (R2=0.89), and the regression slope was 0.927. The levels and ratio of urea in serum and synovial fluid were independent of Takakura staging or pain degree. The expressions of IL-1β (p=0.000), IGF-1 (p=0.000) and HELIX-II (p=0.010) were significantly increased in synovial fluid in patients with ankle osteoarthritis. There was no significant difference in expression of IL-1β (p=0.514), and TNF-α was not detected in synovial fluid. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the dynamic stability of urea in the ankle fluid, and it is not affected by the progression of arthritis, age and other factors, which is the standard internal reference of correcting ankle irrigating fluid dilution times. The occurrence mechanism of ankle osteoarthritis may be different from that of other osteoarthritis, and IL-6 and IGF-1 are associated with the progression of the disease. Increased HELIX-II is an independent factor of predicting cartilage injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
190
|
Wang L, Wang Y, Chai Y, Kang Y, Sun C, Zeng S. Nickel(II)-assisted enantiomeric differentiation and quantitation of tadalafil by direct electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2017; 52:411-416. [PMID: 28470986 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A facile method based on electrospray mass spectrometry was established and validated for the differentiation of enantiomeric tadalafil isomers without using chiral chromatographic separation. The enantiomers were coupled with a chiral selector to form diastereomeric complex ions. Nickel-tadalafil complexes, [NiII (tadalafil)(l-Trp)-H]+ , produced a characteristic fragment ion at m/z 524 by loss of 1-methyl-1,6-dihydropyrazine-2,5-dione via collision-induced dissociation. The relative abundance of this fragment ion to the precursor contributed to differentiate tadalafil enantiomers, and energy-resolved product-ion spectra were applied to determine the molar composition of tadalafil in the mixture (R,R and S,S) as well. In addition, the other two forms of stereomeric isomers of tadalafil (R,S and S,R) could be also distinguished and analyzed by this method. The method was validated in different types of mass spectrometers (AB quadrupole time-of-flight and Bruker ion trap) and also verified by a chiral high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight. The chiral determination of tadalafil using MS method proved to be rapid (1-min run time for each sample) and to have the same accuracy and precision comparable to chiral liquid chromatography mass spectrometry methods. This method provides an alternative to commonly used chromatographic technique for chiral determination and is particularly useful in rapid screening in enantioselective synthesis and enantiomeric impurity detection in pharmaceutical industry. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Y Chai
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Y Kang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - C Sun
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - S Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Zhang W, Zhong J, Li D, Sun C, Zhao H, Gao Y. Functional outcome of en bloc resection of a giant cell tumour of the distal radius and arthrodesis of the wrist and distal ulna using an ipsilateral double barrel segmental ulna bone graft combined with a modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2017; 42:377-381. [PMID: 27565520 DOI: 10.1177/1753193416664291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Giant cell tumour of the distal radius is a locally aggressive lesion. In this study, we performed a wrist arthrodesis reconstruction with an ipsilateral double barrel segmental ulnar bone graft combined with a modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure for a giant cell tumour of the distal radius. From January 2007 to September 2013, we followed eight patients for a mean duration of 36 months. One patient developed a recurrence and was treated by amputation; the other seven patients achieved radiological union in about 8 months. There was no wrist instability, deformation or dislocation; the mean range of motion of the forearm achieved 75° of supination and 70° of pronation. The patients could recover reasonable grip strength. This new operative procedure can excise the tumour with a low rate of recurrence, fewer functional deficits and fewer complications than reported for other procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - J Zhong
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - D Li
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - C Sun
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - H Zhao
- 3 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y Gao
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Kono H, Fujii H, Suzuki-Inoue K, Inoue O, Furuya S, Hirayama K, Akazawa Y, Nakata Y, Sun C, Tsukiji N, Shirai T, Ozaki Y. The platelet-activating receptor C-type lectin receptor-2 plays an essential role in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:998-1008. [PMID: 28294559 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Regeneration role of C-type lectin receptor-2 (CLEC-2) after 70% hepatectomy (HPx) was investigated. Wild-type or CLEC-2 deleted from platelets of chimeric mice (flKO) underwent HPx. The liver/body weight ratio was significantly lower in the flKO than in the wild-type. CLEC-2 plays an essential role in liver regeneration after HPx. SUMMARY Background and aim The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of C-type lectin receptor (CLEC)-2 in liver regeneration following partial liver resection in mice. Materials and methods Irradiated chimeric mice transplanted with fetal liver cells from wild-type (WT) mice, CLEC-2-deleted (KO) mice or mice with CLEC-2 deleted specifically from platelets (flKO) were generated. Mice underwent 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate the expression of the endogenous ligand for CLEC-2, podoplanin. The accumulation of platelets in the liver was also quantified. The hepatic expression of the IL-6/gp130 and STAT3, Akt and ERK1/2 was also examined. Results The liver/body weight ratio and expression of all cell proliferation markers were significantly lower in the flKO group than in the WT group. The expression of phosphorylated (p) Akt and pERK1/2 was similar in the WT and flKO groups. On the other hand, the expression of pSTAT3 and IL-6 was significantly stronger in the WT group than in the flKO group. The expression of podoplanin was detected in the hepatic sinusoids of both groups. However, the extent to which platelets accumulated in hepatic sinusoids was significantly less in the flKO group than in the WT group. Conclusion CLEC-2 was involved in hepatic regeneration after liver resection and CLEC-2-related liver regeneration was attributed to the interaction between platelets and sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - H Fujii
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - K Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - O Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - S Furuya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - K Hirayama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Y Akazawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Y Nakata
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - C Sun
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - N Tsukiji
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - T Shirai
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Y Ozaki
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
193
|
Sun C, Zhong B, Pan Z, Du D, Min X. Anatomical structure of the coracohumeral ligament and its effect on shoulder joint stability. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2017; 76:720-729. [PMID: 28353301 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2017.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, coracohumeral ligament (CHL) specimens were carefully dissected to observe its length, width, thickness and tension at different positions of the shoulder joint, thereby elucidating its effects on shoulder joint stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh frozen shoulder joints from 40 normal adult cadaveric specimens were dissected to reveal the CHL. With the shoulder joints placed at different positions, the length of the CHL and the width and thickness of the middle part of the ligament were measured. The changes in tension of the CHL were also observed. When the shoulder joint maintained the neutral position, the length of the CHL was 52.23 ± 1.02 mm and the width and thickness of the middle part of the ligament were 15.95 ± 0.59 mm and 1.46 ± 0.06 mm, respectively. RESULTS When the shoulder joint moved from the neutral position to 90° external rotation, from the neutral position to 30° adduction or from the neutral position to 30° flexion/extension or when the shoulder joint is pulled down with a 5 kg weight, the CHL was elongated and thinned, maintaining a strained state. When the shoulder joint moved from the neutral position to 90° internal rotation, from the neutral position to 90° abduction or from the neutral position to 30° flexion/ extension, the CHL was shortened and thickened, maintaining a relaxed state. CONCLUSIONS The CHL may limit the external rotation, adduction and downward movement of the shoulder joint and the process from the neutral position to the 30° flexion/extension, maintaining shoulder joint stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Eighty-Ninth Hospital of People's Liberation Army
| | - B Zhong
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Eighty-Ninth Hospital of People's Liberation Army
| | | | - D Du
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Eighty-Ninth Hospital of People's Liberation Army
| | - X Min
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Eighty-Ninth Hospital of People's Liberation Army
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Zhang X, Bai X, Sun C. The effect and safety of lower limb blocks in postoperative analgesia for the free flap donor sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
195
|
Zhang CD, Chen SM, Sun C. [A case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis with similar clinical presentation of acute coronary syndrome]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:162-164. [PMID: 28260325 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
|
196
|
Liu Y, Hou Y, Ma L, Sun C, Pan J, Yang Y, Zhou H, Zhang J. Regulation of semaphorin 4D expression and cell proliferation of ovarian cancer by ERalpha and ERbeta. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6057. [PMID: 28225892 PMCID: PMC5333722 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20166057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. Semaphorin 4D (sema 4D) is involved in the progress of multiple cancers. In the presence of estrogen-like ligands, estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) participate in the progress of breast and ovarian cancers by transcriptional regulation. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of sema 4D and elucidate the regulatory pattern of ERα and ERβ on sema 4D expression in ovarian cancers. Sema 4D levels were up-regulated in ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells. Patients with malignant ovarian cancers had significantly higher sema 4D levels than controls, suggesting an oncogene role of sema 4D in ovarian cancer. ERα expressions were up-regulated in SKOV-3 cells compared with normal ovarian IOSE80 epithelial cells. Conversely, down-regulation of ERβ was observed in SKOV-3 cells. Forced over-expression of ERα and ERβ in SKOV-3 cells was manipulated to establish ERα+ and ERβ+ SKOV-3 cell lines. Incubation of ERα+ SKOV-3 cells with ERs agonist 17β-estradiol (E2) significantly enhanced sema 4D expression and rate of cell proliferation. Incubated with E2, ERβ+ SKOV-3 cells showed lower sema 4D expression and cell proliferation. Blocking ERα and ERβ activities with ICI182-780 inhibitor, sema 4D expressions and cell proliferation of ERα+ and ERβ+ SKOV-3 cells were recovered to control levels. Taken together, the data showed that sema 4D expression was positively correlated with the progress of ovarian cancer. ERα positively regulated sema 4D expression and accelerated cell proliferation. ERβ negatively regulated sema 4D expression and inhibited cell multiplication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Y Hou
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - J Pan
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Zhao W, Sun C, Cui Z. A long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in glioma. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 19:735-741. [PMID: 28105536 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acting as a proto-oncogene, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) urothelial carcinoembryonic antigen 1 (UCA1) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of several human tumors. However, the expression and biological functions of UCA1 in glioma are less known. This study discussed the expression of UCA1 in glioma and its effect on the proliferation and cell cycle of glioma cells. METHOD LncRNA UCA1 expressions in 64 glioma samples (Grade I-II in 22 cases and Grade III-IV in 42 cases, according to WHO criteria) and 10 normal brain samples were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. On this basis, the correlations of UCA1 to clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of glioma were assessed. Then, using qPCR, the lncRNA UCA1 expressions in glioma cell lines and astrocytes were detected. UCA1-overexpressing glioma cell lines U87 and U251 were further detected after siRNA transfection of these two cell lines, and the impact on cell proliferation and cell cycle was assessed with CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) assay and flow cytometry method (FCM), respectively. The expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle-related protein, was detected using Western Blot. RESULT LncRNA UCA1 expression in the glioma samples was obviously higher as compared with the normal brain samples (P < 0.001), and the expression was correlated significantly with grading of the tumors (P < 0.05). However, lncRNA UCA1 expression was not correlated with age, gender, tumor size and KPS score (P > 0.05). After interference of UCA1 expression by siRNA transfection, the proliferation of both U251 and SHG-44 cells was inhibited (P < 0.05), with more cells arrested in G0/G1 (P < 0.05). Moreover, cyclin D1 expression was also downregulated considerably. CONCLUSION LncRNA UCA1 can promote the proliferation and cell cycle progression of glioma cells by upregulating cyclin D1 transcription. So UCA1 may serve as an independent prognostic indicator and a novel therapeutic target for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated 2ed Hospital of Nantong University, 6 Baby Lane North Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Z Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated 2ed Hospital of Nantong University, 6 Baby Lane North Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
Cheng G, Wang X, Yuan X, Xin Q, Sun Q, Li K, Sun C, Lin Z, Luan Y, Wang Y, Kong F, Xu D. Association of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 rs1024611 and telomerase rs2736100 polymorphisms with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in Han Chinese population. Genet Mol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr16039697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
199
|
Yu M, Yao J, Liang J, Zeng Z, Cui B, Zhao X, Sun C, Wang Y, Liu G, Cui H. Development of functionalized abamectin poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles with regulatable adhesion to enhance foliar retention. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized abamectin poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles with different adhesion abilities to crop foliage can regulate folia retention of abamectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manli Yu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Junwei Yao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
200
|
Gao T, Sun C, Tang H, Bi Y, Song Y, Zhang J. High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Bile Acids in Mouse Serum. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|