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Machado A, Herrera AJ, Venero JL, Santiago M, De Pablos RM, Villarán RF, Espinosa-Oliva AM, Argüelles S, Sarmiento M, Delgado-Cortés MJ, Mauriño R, Cano J. Peripheral inflammation increases the damage in animal models of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration: possible implication in Parkinson's disease incidence. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2011; 2011:393769. [PMID: 21603178 PMCID: PMC3096050 DOI: 10.4061/2011/393769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes described in Parkinson's disease (PD) and its animal models appear to be important in the progression of the pathogenesis, or even a triggering factor. Here we review that peripheral inflammation enhances the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system induced by different insults; different peripheral inflammations have been used, such as IL-1β and the ulcerative colitis model, as well as insults to the dopaminergic system such as 6-hydroxydopamine or lipopolysaccharide. In all cases, an increased loss of dopaminergic neurons was described; inflammation in the substantia nigra increased, displaying a great activation of microglia along with an increase in the production of cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α. Increased permeability or disruption of the BBB, with overexpression of the ICAM-1 adhesion molecule and infiltration of circulating monocytes into the substantia nigra, is also involved, since the depletion of circulating monocytes prevents the effects of peripheral inflammation. Data are reviewed in relation to epidemiological studies of PD.
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Espinosa-Oliva A, de Pablos R, Villarán R, Argüelles S, Venero J, Machado A, Cano J. Stress is critical for LPS-induced activation of microglia and damage in the rat hippocampus. Neurobiol Aging 2011; 32:85-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Burguillos MA, Hajji N, Englund E, Persson A, Cenci AM, Machado A, Cano J, Joseph B, Venero JL. Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates dopaminergic cell death in response to LPS-induced inflammatory stimulus: evidence in Parkinson's disease patients. Neurobiol Dis 2011; 41:177-88. [PMID: 20850531 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that intranigral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection, which provokes specific degeneration of DA neurons, induced caspase-3 activation in the rat ventral mesencephalon, which was mostly associated with glial cells. In contrast, nigral DA neurons exhibited AIF nuclear translocation in response to LPS. A significant decrease of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in nigral tissue after LPS injection was observed. We next developed an in vitro co-culture system with the microglial BV2 and the DA neuronal MN9D murine cell lines. The silencing of caspase-3 or AIF by small interfering RNAs exclusively in the DA MN9D cells demonstrated the key role of AIF in the LPS-induced death of DA cells. In vivo chemical inhibition of caspases and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1, an upstream regulator of AIF release and calpain, proved the central role of the AIF-dependent pathway in LPS-induced nigral DA cell death. We also observed nuclear translocation of AIF in the ventral mesencephalon of Parkinson's disease subjects.
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Machado A. La morfología de Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 y consideraciones sobre la tribu Laparocerini Lacordaire, 1863 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). GRAELLSIA 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2010.v66.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Se presenta un estudio morfológico de Laparocerus undatus Wollaston, 1864 que comprende la anatomía externa e interna del adulto, incluido el canal alimentario, sistema nervioso central y sistema reproductor. También se describen las anatomías de la larva y de la pupa, hasta ahora desconocidas en el género. Los Laparocerus son curculiónidos entiminos que muestran algunos caracteres primitivos infrecuentes en el grupo. Se plantea si se justifica o no mantener la tribu Laparocerini, pendiente de revisión desde que fuera establecida por Lacordaire en 1863. Se discuten las semejanzas halladas en los caracteres imaginales y preimaginales con otros géneros y tribus, y se buscan las relaciones genéticas más cercanas empleando secuencias parciales del gen 16SrRNA de una veintena de especies, obtenidas de GenBank. Laparocerus presenta importantes caracteres singulares o combinación de ellos, y se separa claramente de los demás Entiminae estudiados, ocupando una posición posiblemente basal dentro del grupo. Se proponen algunos caracteres diagnósticos para Laparocerini: presencia de mandíbulas con prolongación dehiscente (o su cicatriz), piezas bucales fanerognatas, escapo antenal largo, ojos y escrobas no dorsales, sutura entre el primer y segundo ventrito sinuosa al medio, éste tan largo como el tercero y cuarto reunidos; fémures sin dientes, tibias mucronadas con cestilla abierta, uñas soldadas y esternito VIII masculino completamente membranoso y provisto de un pequeño espículo relicto; en la larva coinciden las antenas de base oval con sensilo en forma de almohadilla y una mala con cinco setas en su cara ventral; la pupa carece de setas mandibulares. En función de estos y otros caracteres, se discuten los demás géneros atribuidos a Laparocerini, corroborando las exclusiones hechas por otros autores recientemente, y proponiendo la exclusión de Merimnetes, Neomerimnetes y Cyrtozemia. Quedan pendientes de confirmar si son Laparocerini dos géneros africanos: Asmaratrox y Straticus. Finalmente se discute en contexto biogeográfico la conveniencia de desglosar Laparocerus en una quincena de géneros independientes, o de mantenerlo unificado como un único género con varios subgéneros.
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Saadi EK, Dussin LH, Moura L, Machado A. The axillary artery - a new approach for endovascular treatment of thoracic aortic diseases. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2010; 11:617-9. [DOI: 10.1510/icvts.2010.245274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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82
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Machado A, Silva F. Greatness and misery in the teaching of the psychology of learning. J Exp Anal Behav 2010; 70:215-34. [PMID: 16812886 PMCID: PMC1284681 DOI: 10.1901/jeab.1998.70-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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83
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84
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De Jean P, Ding Y, Ray B, Stayman J, Yang CJ, Yorkston J, Foos D, Machado A, Mahesh M, Carrino J, Siewerdsen J. WE-E-201C-02: Portable Dual-Energy Imaging with a Wireless DR Detector: Optimal Technique and Material Decomposition for High-Performance ICU Imaging. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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85
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Zbijewski W, De Jean P, Prakash P, Stayman J, Packard N, Senn R, Yang D, Yorkston J, Machado A, Carrino J, Siewerdsen J. TU-E-201B-03: Design and Initial Performance Characterization of a Dedicated Cone-Beam CT System for Musculoskeletal Extremities Imaging. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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86
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Vieira de Castro A, Machado A. Prospective timing in pigeons: Isolating temporal perception in the time-left procedure. Behav Processes 2010; 84:490-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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87
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Rodrigues M, Machado A, Fernandes J, Rocha J, Ferreira C. The groom who could not say "I do". Pract Neurol 2010; 10:109-11. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.206110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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88
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Nogueira PJ, Machado A, Rodrigues E, Nunes B, Sousa L, Jacinto M, Ferreira A, Falcao JM, Ferrinho P. The new automated daily mortality surveillance system in Portugal. Euro Surveill 2010; 15:19529. [PMID: 20394709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The experience reported in an earlier Eurosurveillance issue on a fast method to evaluate the impact of the 2003 heatwave on mortality in Portugal, generated a daily mortality surveillance system (VDM) that has been operating ever since jointly with the Portuguese Heat Health Watch Warning System. This work describes the VDM system and how it evolved to become an automated system operating year-round, and shows briefly its potential using mortality data from January 2006 to June 2009 collected by the system itself. The new system has important advantages such as: rapid information acquisition, completeness (the entire population is included), lightness (very little information is exchanged, date of death, age, sex, place of death registration). It allows rapid detection of impacts (within five days) and allows a quick preliminary quantification of impacts that usually took several years to be done. These characteristics make this system a powerful tool for public health action. The VDM system also represents an example of inter-institutional cooperation, bringing together organisations from two different ministries, Health and Justice, aiming at improving knowledge about the mortality in the population.
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Anarte M, Ruiz de Adana M, Carreira M, Domínguez-López M, Machado A, González-Molero I, Caballero F, de la Higuera M, González-Romero S, Sánchez I, Soriguer F. Estudio longitudinal del impacto del tratamiento con infusores de insulina en variables psicológicas, la calidad de vida el control glucémico de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1134-3230(10)62008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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90
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Nogueira PJ, Machado A, Rodrigues E, Nunes B, Sousa L, Jacinto M, Ferreira A, Falcão JM, Ferrinho P. The new automated daily mortality surveillance system in Portugal. Euro Surveill 2010. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.15.13.19529-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The experience reported in an earlier Eurosurveillance issue on a fast method to evaluate the impact of the 2003 heatwave on mortality in Portugal, generated a daily mortality surveillance system (VDM) that has been operating ever since jointly with the Portuguese Heat Health Watch Warning System. This work describes the VDM system and how it evolved to become an automated system operating year-round, and shows briefly its potential using mortality data from January 2006 to June 2009 collected by the system itself. The new system has important advantages such as: rapid information acquisition, completeness (the entire population is included), lightness (very little information is exchanged, date of death, age, sex, place of death registration). It allows rapid detection of impacts (within five days) and allows a quick preliminary quantification of impacts that usually took several years to be done. These characteristics make this system a powerful tool for public health action. The VDM system also represents an example of inter-institutional cooperation, bringing together organisations from two different ministries, Health and Justice, aiming at improving knowledge about the mortality in the population.
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Machado A. Nuevos Laparocerus Schoenherr, 1834 de La Palma, islas Canarias (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). GRAELLSIA 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2009.v65.i2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Machado A. El género <i>Drouetius</i> Méquignon, 1942 stat. prom., de las islas Azores (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). GRAELLSIA 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2009.v65.i1.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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93
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Mera T, Alberts J, Machado A, Vitek J, Giuffrida J. P2.047 ParkinTune: automated Parkinson's disease motor symptom assessment for deep brain stimulation programming. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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94
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Machado A, Tejera E, Cruz-Monteagudo M, Rebelo I. Application of desirability-based multi(bi)-objective optimization in the design of selective arylpiperazine derivates for the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:5045-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 09/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Machado A. New taxa of Laparocerus Schönherr, 1834 from Madeira and Porto Santo, with a key to the species of the Madeiran archipelago (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). GRAELLSIA 2009. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2008.v64.i2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Khatri KA, Machado A, Magro C, Davenport S. Laser peel: facial rejuvenation with a superficial erbium:YAG laser treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:119-23. [PMID: 11360327 DOI: 10.1080/14628830050516353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial rejuvenation is a popular procedure to temporarily mask the effects of aging. Most patients desiring this treatment are younger and want improvement without any down time. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Er:YAG laser as a facial rejuvenation tool. METHODS The full faces of 18 volunteers were treated with an Er:YAG laser using a fluence of either 5 or 10 J/cm2. All volunteers applied EMLA cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) two hours before the procedure and were treated with a single pass using a pulse duration of about 300 microseconds. Follow-up visits were made in order to evaluate the degree of discomfort, erythema, swelling and improvement in skin aging. Skin biopsy was performed in one volunteer before and two hours after EMLA application, although preceding laser treatment. RESULTS Most volunteers experienced moderate discomfort during the treatment. There was mild to moderate erythema and mild swelling. The improvement in general skin appearance, actinic bronzing and photo-damage was mild to moderate. The microscopic evaluation of pre-laser treated skin two hours after EMLA application was suggestive of increased water content in the dermis. CONCLUSION The Er:YAG laser is an effective and safe tool for facial rejuvenation. With a superficial treatment, resolution of intense erythema is fairly rapid, averaging two to three days. The improvement, however, is mild compared to full laser skin resurfacing (LSR).
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Martinelli L, Russomano T, dos Santos M, Falcao F, Bauer M, Machado A, Sundaresan A. Effect of microgravity on immune cell viability and proliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 28:85-90. [DOI: 10.1109/memb.2009.933572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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98
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Nogueira PJ, Nunes B, Machado A, Rodrigues E, Gómez V, Sousa L, Falcão JM. Early estimates of the excess mortality associated with the 2008-9 influenza season in Portugal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 14. [PMID: 19422778 DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.18.19194-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the excess mortality associated with the influenza activity registered in Portugal between week 49 of 2008 and week 5 of 2009. For this purpose available mortality data from the Portuguese Daily Mortality Monitoring (VDM) System was used. Several estimates of excess deaths associated with the recent recorded influenza activity were determined through statistical modelling (cyclic regression) for the total population and disaggregated by gender and age group. The results show that the impact of the 2008-9 influenza season was 1,961 excess deaths, with approximately 82% of these occurring in the age group of 75 years and older.
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Machado A, García-López D, González-Gallego J, Garatachea N. Whole-body vibration training increases muscle strength and mass in older women: a randomized-controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2009; 20:200-7. [PMID: 19422657 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether 10 weeks of whole-body vibration (WBV) training has a significant effect on strength, muscle mass, muscle power, and mobility in older women, 26 subjects were randomly assigned to a WBV training group (n=13; mean age 79 years) and a control (CON) group (n=13; mean age 76 years). Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) increased 38.8% in the WBV group, without changes in the CON group. Electromyographic activity of the vastus medialis (VM), the vastus lateralis, and the biceps femoris (BF) did not change in either group. Thigh muscle cross-sectional area increased significantly after training in VM (8.7%) and BF (15.5%). Muscle power at 20%, 40%, and 60% MVIC decreased from pre-test to post-test in the CON group; however, WBV training prevented the decrease in the WBV group. Consequently, mobility, measured by the Timed Up and Go test, increased significantly after training (9.0%) only in the WBV group. Ten weeks of lower limb WBV training in older women produces a significant increase in muscle strength induced by thigh muscle hypertrophy, with no change in muscle power. The adaptations to WBV found in the present study may be of use in counteracting the loss of muscle strength and mobility associated with age-induced sarcopenia.
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Machado A, Emodi K, Takenami I, Finkmoore BC, Barbosa T, Carvalho J, Cavalcanti L, Santos G, Tavares M, Mota M, Barreto F, Reis MG, Arruda S, Riley LW. Analysis of discordance between the tuberculin skin test and the interferon-gamma release assay. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13:446-453. [PMID: 19335949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze factors associated with discordance between tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. DESIGN TST (purified protein derivative) and IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB Gold) were performed on household contacts of PTB patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2007 in Salvador, Brazil. Discordant test groups were compared with the TST-/IGRA- group. RESULTS Of 261 household contacts satisfactorily tested by TST, 145 (55.6%) had positive TST results; of 298 satisfactorily tested by IGRA, 127 (43.1%) had positive results. The test agreement was 0.76 (kappa = 0.53, 95%CI 0.43-0.63). Sixty-one (24%) were discordant: 44 (72%) with TST+/IGRA- and 17 (28%) with TST-/IGRA+ results. Compared to the TST-/IGRA- group, the TST+/IGRA- and TST+/IGRA+ groups were significantly more likely to have a chest X-ray showing old lung scars (OR = 6.8, 95%CI 1.3-35.0; OR = 7.4, 95%CI 2.2-24.4, respectively). The TST-/IGRA+ group was exposed to their index cases for significantly longer than the TST-/IGRA- group (OR = 7.2, 95%CI 1.7-29.3). CONCLUSION The TST+/IGRA- and TST+/IGRA+ groups shared more similar characteristics with each other than with the TST-/IGRA- group. In a setting endemic for TB, TST results appear to be more suitable in the decision to treat latent TB infection.
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