76
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Nevius MS, Wang F, Mathieu C, Barrett N, Sala A, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Conrad EH. The bottom-up growth of edge specific graphene nanoribbons. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:6080-6086. [PMID: 25254434 DOI: 10.1021/nl502942z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of ballistic transport in graphene grown on SiC(0001) sidewall trenches has sparked an intense effort to uncover the origin of this exceptional conductivity. How a ribbon's edge termination, width, and topography influence its transport is not yet understood. This work presents the first structural and electronic comparison of sidewall graphene grown with different edge terminations. We show that armchair and zigzag terminated ribbons, grown from SiC, have very different topographies and interact differently with the substrate, properties that are critical to device architecture in sidewall ribbon electronics.
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77
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Rault JE, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Barrett N. Reversible switching of in-plane polarized ferroelectric domains in BaTiO3(001) with very low energy electrons. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6792. [PMID: 25354723 PMCID: PMC4213810 DOI: 10.1038/srep06792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The switchable bipolar ground state is at the heart of research into ferroelectrics for future, low-energy electronics. Polarization switching by an applied field is a complex phenomenon which depends on the initial domain ordering, defect concentration, electrical boundary conditions and charge screening. Injected free charge may also to be used to reversibly switch in-plane polarized domains. We show that the interaction between the initial domain order and the bulk screening provided by very low energy electrons switches the polarization without the collateral radiation damage which occurs when employing a beam of high energy electrons. Polarization switching during charge injection adds a new dimension to the multifunctionality of ferroelectric oxides.
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78
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Menteş TO, Zamborlini G, Sala A, Locatelli A. Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1873-86. [PMID: 25383299 PMCID: PMC4222408 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of imaging techniques with low-energy electrons at synchrotron laboratories allowed for significant advancement in the field of spectromicroscopy. The spectroscopic photoemission and low energy electron microscope, SPELEEM, is a notable example. We summarize the multitechnique capabilities of the SPELEEM instrument, reporting on the instrumental aspects and the latest developments on the technical side. We briefly review applications, which are grouped into two main scientific fields. The first one covers different aspects of graphene physics. In particular, we highlight the recent work on graphene/Ir(100). Here, SPELEEM was employed to monitor the changes in the electronic structure that occur for different film morphologies and during the intercalation of Au. The Au monolayer, which creeps under graphene from the film edges, efficiently decouples the graphene from the substrate lowering the Dirac energy from 0.42 eV to 0.1 eV. The second field combines magnetism studies at the mesoscopic length scale with self-organized systems featuring ordered nanostructures. This example highlights the possibility to monitor growth processes in real time and combine chemical characterization with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism-photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) magnetic imaging by using the variable photon polarization and energy available at the synchrotron source.
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79
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Omiciuolo L, Hernández ER, Miniussi E, Orlando F, Lacovig P, Lizzit S, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Larciprete R, Bianchi M, Ulstrup S, Hofmann P, Alfè D, Baraldi A. Bottom-up approach for the low-cost synthesis of graphene-alumina nanosheet interfaces using bimetallic alloys. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5062. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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80
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Amant F, Uzan C, Han S, Fruscio R, Steffensen KD, Škultéty J, Giuliani D, Mephon A, Rouzier R, Witteveen P, Locatelli A, Rob L, Halaska M. Matched Cohort Study on Patients with Cervical Cancer Diagnosed During Pregnancy. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu338.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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81
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Man KL, Pavlovska A, Bauer E, Locatelli A, Menteş TO, Niño MA, Wong GKL, Sou IK, Altman MS. Growth, reaction and nanowire formation of Fe on the ZnS(1 0 0) surface. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:315006. [PMID: 24934101 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/27/315006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The growth and reaction of Fe on a ZnS(1 0 0) substrate are studied in situ and with high lateral resolution using low energy electron microscopy (LEEM), micro low energy electron diffraction ( μLEED), x-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM), microprobe x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( μXPS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism PEEM (XMCDPEEM) for complementary structural, chemical, and magnetic characterization. Initially, a two-dimensional (Fe, Zn)S reaction layer forms with thickness that depends on growth temperature. Further growth results in the formation of a variety of three-dimensional crystals, most of them strongly elongated in the form of 'nanowires' of two distinct types, labeled as A and B. Type A nanowires are oriented near the ZnS[1 1 0] direction and are composed of Fe. Type B nanowires are oriented predominantly along directions a few degrees off the ZnS[0 0 1] direction and are identified as Greigite (Fe3S4). Both types of nanowires are magnetic with Curie temperatures above 450 °C. The understanding of the reactive growth mechanism in this system that is provided by these investigations may help to develop growth methods for other elemental and transition metal chalcogenide nanostructures on ZnS and possibly on other II-VI semiconductor surfaces.
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82
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Montaigne F, Lacour D, Chioar IA, Rougemaille N, Louis D, Mc Murtry S, Riahi H, Burgos BS, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Canals B, Hehn M. Size distribution of magnetic charge domains in thermally activated but out-of-equilibrium artificial spin ice. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5702. [PMID: 25029620 PMCID: PMC4100542 DOI: 10.1038/srep05702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A crystal of emerging magnetic charges is expected in the phase diagram of the dipolar kagomé spin ice. An observation of charge crystallites in thermally demagnetized artificial spin ice arrays has been recently reported by S. Zhang and coworkers and explained through the thermodynamics of the system as it approaches a charge-ordered state. Following a similar approach, we have generated a partial order of magnetic charges in an artificial kagomé spin ice lattice made out of ferrimagnetic material having a Curie temperature of 475 K. A statistical study of the size of the charge domains reveals an unconventional sawtooth distribution. This distribution is in disagreement with the predictions of the thermodynamic model and is shown to be a signature of the kinetic process governing the remagnetization.
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83
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Moras P, Mentes TO, Sheverdyaeva PM, Locatelli A, Carbone C. Coexistence of multiple silicene phases in silicon grown on Ag(1 1 1). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:185001. [PMID: 24727950 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/18/185001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Silicene, the silicon equivalent of graphene, is attracting increasing scientific and technological attention in view of the exploitation of its exotic electronic properties. This novel material has been theoretically predicted to exist as a free-standing layer in a low-buckled, stable form, and can be synthesized by the deposition of Si on appropriate crystalline substrates. By employing low-energy electron diffraction and microscopy, we have studied the growth of Si on Ag(1 1 1) and observed a rich variety of rotationally non-equivalent silicene structures. Our results highlight a very complex formation diagram, reflecting the coexistence of different and nearly degenerate silicene phases, whose relative abundance can be controlled by varying the Si coverage and growth temperature. At variance with other studies, we find that the formation of single-phase silicene monolayers cannot be achieved on Ag(1 1 1).
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84
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Avagliano L, Danti L, Doi P, Felis S, Guala M, Locatelli A, Maffeo I, Mecacci F, Plevani C, Simeone S, Bulfamante G. Autophagy in placentas from acidotic newborns: An immunohistochemical study of LC3 expression. Placenta 2013; 34:1091-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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85
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Auditore A, de Angelis C, Locatelli A, Aceves AB. Tuning of surface plasmon polaritons beat length in graphene directional couplers. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:4228-4231. [PMID: 24321966 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.004228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the tuning of the coupling of surface plasmon polaritons between two spatially separated graphene layers. We demonstrate that by slightly changing the chemical potential, a graphene coupler can switch from the bar to the cross state; as a consequence, the coupling coefficient in such structures can be easily controlled by means of an applied electrical signal.
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86
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Locatelli A, Béné MC, Zuily S, Angioi-Duprez K. [Ocular manifestations in chronic granulomatous disease]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2013; 36:789-95. [PMID: 24099698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare genetic immune deficiency due to defective oxygen metabolism in phagocytic cells. It results in recurrent severe bacterial and fungal infections in patients from an early age on. Inflammatory lesions are also observed, with the formation of granulomas. Diagnosis relies on the demonstration of a deficiency in the oxidative properties of phagocytes. Pulmonary infections are the most frequent clinical manifestations of the disease, yet all organs can be involved, such as the eye, with either infections or inflammatory chorioretinal lesions. The treatment of CGD relies on prophylaxis to avoid infections, and on the rapid management of infectious and inflammatory episodes. The only cure to date is allogenetic bone marrow transplant, which requires a compatible donor and can only be considered in certain clinical situations.
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87
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Günther S, Böcklein S, Wintterlin J, Niño MA, Menteş TO, Locatelli A. Locating Catalytically Active Oxygen on Ag(1 1 1)-A Spectromicroscopy Study. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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88
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Locatelli A, Wang C, Africh C, Stojić N, Menteş TO, Comelli G, Binggeli N. Temperature-driven reversible rippling and bonding of a graphene superlattice. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6955-6963. [PMID: 23869594 DOI: 10.1021/nn402178u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to unravel the complex interplay between substrate interactions and film configuration, we investigate and characterize graphene on a support with non-three-fold symmetry, the square Ir(100). Below 500 °C, distinct physisorbed and chemisorbed graphene phases coexist on the surface, respectively characterized by flat and buckled morphology. They organize into alternating domains that extend on mesoscopic lengths, relieving the strain due to the different thermal expansion of film and substrate. The chemisorbed phase exhibits exceptionally large one-dimensional ripples with regular nanometer periodicity and can be reversibly transformed into physisorbed graphene in a temperature-controlled process that involves surprisingly few C-Ir bonds. The formation and rupture of these bonds, rather than ripples or strain, are found to profoundly alter the local electronic structure, changing graphene behavior from semimetal to metallic type. The exploitation of such subtle interfacial changes opens new possibilities for tuning the properties of this unique material.
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89
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Menteş T, Locatelli A, Aballe L, Niño M, Bauer E. Growth of magnetic nanowires on self-organized stripe templates: Fe on Pd–O/W(110). Ultramicroscopy 2013; 130:82-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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90
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Günther S, Liu H, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Imbihl R. Spectromicroscopy of pulses transporting alkali metal in a surface reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8752-64. [PMID: 23632422 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44478c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NO + H2 reaction on a potassium promoted Rh(110) surface is shown to sustain the formation of spatio-temporal periodic patterns leading to mass transport phenomena. The excitation of pulses and the mass transport mechanism are studied in the 10(-7) and 10(-6) mbar pressure range, with the potassium coverage varying between θK = 0.05 and θK = 0.12 ML. Using spectroscopic photoemission and spectroscopic low energy electron microscopy (SPELEEM) as well as related microprobe diffraction techniques, we show that the excitation mechanism comprises a cyclic structural transformation: K + O-coadsorbate → (2 × 1)-N → c(2 × 4)-2O,N → K + O coadsorbate. Laterally resolved spectroscopy demonstrates that potassium is accumulated in front of the nitrogen pulses, suggesting that adsorbed nitrogen acts as a diffusion barrier for potassium.
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91
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Wohlhüter P, Rhensius J, Vaz CAF, Heidler J, Körner HS, Bisig A, Foerster M, Méchin L, Gaucher F, Locatelli A, Niño MA, El Moussaoui S, Nolting F, Goering E, Heyderman LJ, Kläui M. The effect of magnetic anisotropy on the spin configurations of patterned La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO3 elements. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:176004. [PMID: 23567900 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/17/176004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the effect of magnetocrystalline anisotropy on the magnetic configurations of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bar and triangle elements using photoemission electron microscopy imaging. The dominant remanent state is a low energy flux-closure state for both thin (15 nm) and thick (50 nm) elements. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy, which competes with the dipolar energy, causes a strong modification of the spin configuration in the thin elements, depending on the shape, size and orientation of the structures. We investigate the magnetic switching processes and observe in triangular shaped elements a displacement of the vortex core along the easy axis for an external magnetic field applied close to the hard axis, which is well reproduced by micromagnetic simulations.
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92
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Pang AB, Pavlovska A, Däweritz L, Locatelli A, Bauer E, Altman MS. LEEM image phase contrast of MnAs stripes. Ultramicroscopy 2013; 130:7-12. [PMID: 23571091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) imaging of strained MnAs layers epitaxially grown on GaAs(001) reveals striped contrast features that become more pronounced and vary systematically in width with increasing defocus, but that are completely absent in focus. Weaker subsidiary fringe-like features are observed along the stripe lengths, while asymmetric contrast reversal occurs between under-focus and over-focus conditions. A Fourier optics calculation is performed that demonstrates that these unusual observations can be attributed to a phase contrast mechanism between the hexagonal α phase and orthorhombic β phase regions of the MnAs film, which self-organize into a periodic stripe array with ridge-groove morphology. The unequal widths of the α and β phase regions are determined accurately from the through focus series, while the height variation in this system can also be determined in principle from the energy dependence of contrast.
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93
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Auditore A, De Angelis C, Locatelli A, Boscolo S, Midrio M, Romagnoli M, Capobianco AD, Nalesso G. Graphene sustained nonlinear modes in dielectric waveguides. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:631-633. [PMID: 23455247 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the existence of nonlinear modes sustained by graphene layers in dielectric waveguides. Taking advantage of the almost two dimensional nature of graphene, we introduce the nonlinear effect as a parameter in the continuity equations. We then apply our modeling to a simple slab waveguide to enlighten how graphene can be used to induce huge nonlinear phase shifts at easily accessible power levels.
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94
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Alfè D, Pozzo M, Miniussi E, Günther S, Lacovig P, Lizzit S, Larciprete R, Burgos BS, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Baraldi A. Fine tuning of graphene-metal adhesion by surface alloying. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2430. [PMID: 23938361 PMCID: PMC3741623 DOI: 10.1038/srep02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that bimetallic surface alloying provides a viable route for governing the interaction between graphene and metal through the selective choice of the elemental composition of the surface alloy. This concept is illustrated by an experimental and theoretical characterization of the properties of graphene on a model PtRu surface alloy on Ru(0001), with a concentration of Pt atoms in the first layer between 0 and 50%. The progressive increase of the Pt content determines the gradual detachment of graphene from the substrate, which results from the modification of the carbon orbital hybridization promoted by Pt. Alloying is also found to affect the morphology of graphene, which is strongly corrugated on bare Ru, but becomes flat at a Pt coverage of 50%. The method here proposed can be readily extended to several supports, thus opening the way to the conformal growth of graphene on metals and to a full tunability of the graphene-substrate interaction.
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95
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Locatelli A, Capobianco AD, Midrio M, Boscolo S, De Angelis C. Graphene-assisted control of coupling between optical waveguides. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:28479-28484. [PMID: 23263083 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.028479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of optical waveguides electrically controlled by means of graphene layers are investigated. We demonstrate that, thanks to tunable losses induced by graphene layers, a careful design of silicon on silica ridge waveguides can be used to explore passive PT-symmetry breaking in directional couplers. We prove that the exceptional point of the system can be probed by varying the applied voltage and we thus propose very compact photonic structures which can be exploited to control coupling between waveguides and to tailor discrete diffraction in arrays.
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96
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Bolet G, Botte FM, Locatelli A, Gruand J, Terqui M, Berthelot F. Components of prolificacy in hyperprolific Large White sows compared with the Meishan and Large White breeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 18:333-42. [PMID: 22879251 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-18-3-333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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97
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Canti V, Maggio L, Ramirez GA, Locatelli A, Cozzolino S, Ramoni V, Ruffatti A, Tonello M, Valsecchi L, Rosa S, Inversetti A, Manfredi AA, Sabbadini MG, Castiglioni MT, Rovere-Querini P. Hypertension negatively affects the pregnancy outcome in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2012; 21:810-2. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203312441269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The impact of hypertension in the pregnancies from autoimmune patients is not unequivocally defined. We have prospectively followed 168 pregnancies from 135 patients from four Italian centres to verify the potential impact of hypertension in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The rate of preeclampsia, mean neonatal weight and gestational age at delivery were significantly lower in patients with both APS and hypertension than in patients with hypertension or APS alone. This information may be relevant for counselling and care of these patients.
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98
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Parise P, Rosati R, Savarino E, Locatelli A, Ceolin M, Dua KS, Tatum RP, Braghetto I, Gyawali CP, Hejazi RA, McCallum RW, Sarosiek I, Bonavina L, Wassenaar EB, Pellegrini CA, Jacobson BC, Canon CL, Badaloni A, del Genio G. Barrett's esophagus: surgical treatments. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1232:175-95. [PMID: 21950813 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The following on surgical treatments for Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on the indications for antireflux surgery after medical treatment; the effects of the various procedures on the lower esophageal sphincter; the role of impaired esophageal motility and delayed gastric emptying in the choice of the surgical procedure; indications for associated highly selective vagotomy, duodenal switch, and gastric electrical stimulation; therapeutic strategies for detection and treatment of shortened esophagus; the role of antireflux surgery on the regression of metaplastic mucosa and the risk of malignant progression; the detection of asymptomatic reflux brfore bariatric surgery; the role of non-GERD symptoms on the results of surgery; and the indications of Collis gastroplasty and choice of the type of fundoplication.
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99
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Mascaraque A, Onur Menteş T, McCarty KF, Marco JF, Schmid AK, Locatelli A, de la Figuera J. Valence band circular dichroism in non-magnetic Ag/Ru(0001) at normal emission. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:305006. [PMID: 21734331 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/30/305006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
For the non-magnetic system of Ag films on Ru(0001), we have measured the circular dichroism of photoelectrons emitted along the surface normal, the geometry typically used in photoemission electron microscopy. Photoemission spectra were acquired from micrometer-sized regions having uniformly thick Ag films on a single, atomically flat Ru terrace. For a single Ag layer, we find a circular dichroism that exceeds 6% at the d-derived band region around 4.5 eV binding energy. The dichroism decreases as the Ag film thickness increases to three atomic layers. We discuss the origin of the circular dichroism in terms of the symmetry lowering that can occur even in normal emission.
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100
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Locatelli A, Menteş TO, Niño MÁ, Bauer E. Image blur and energy broadening effects in XPEEM. Ultramicroscopy 2011; 111:1447-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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