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Rieger R, Michaelis A. Heat shock protection against induction of chromatid aberrations is dependent on the time span between heat shock and clastogen treatment of Vicia faba root tip meristem cells. Mutat Res 1988; 209:141-4. [PMID: 3193976 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(88)90031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Variation of the time span between heat shock (hs) and clastogen treatment of V. faba root tip meristems showed that hs protection is a very quick response (effective after less than 10 min) and lasting for up to 240 min in the case of induction of chromatid aberrations by maleic hydrazide (MH). Analogous protective responses are significantly slower and shorter when TEM is used for aberration induction. This, together with absence of 'clastogenic cross-adaptation' to these agents and differential effects of benzamide (BA, an inhibitor of poly-ADP-ribosylation) pretreatment before hs on hs protection, suggests that hs before clastogen treatment triggers at least 2 clastogen-specific, protective functions which eventually result in protection against these 2 clastogens.
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77
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Schubert I, Rieger R, Michaelis A. On the toleration of duplications and deletions by the Vicia faba genome. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:64-70. [PMID: 24231984 DOI: 10.1007/bf00288833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/1987] [Accepted: 01/04/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
From eight pairs of crosses between differently reconstructed diploid karyotypes of Vicia faba, the progeny after selfing of plants heterozygous for both parental chromosome reconstructions were inspected for occurrence and transmission of duplications and deletions of defined chromosome segments, comprising together about one third of the metaphase genome length. The duplications and deletions studied involved either one or more chromosome segments of the respective karyotype (0.8%-9.1% of the metaphase length). They arose during meiosis in double heterozygotes by crossing over between partially homologous chromosomes or by mis-segregation from multivalents. While most duplications, provided they were not accompanied by deletions and in dependence on the segment involved, were viable and transmissible, even in homozygous state, deletions had lethal effects on gametes of both sexes.
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78
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Nicoloff H, Rieger R, Michaelis A. Effects of novobiocin on heat shock protection against chromatid aberration induction by triethylenemelamine (TEM) and maleic hydrazide (MH) in Vicia faba. Mutat Res 1988; 208:173-8. [PMID: 3398869 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(88)90056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock (10 min 40 degrees C) prior to challenge treatment with triethylenemelamine (TEM) or maleic hydrazide (MH) significantly reduced the frequency of induced chromatid aberrations in Vicia faba main root meristems. Novobiocin treatment before heat shock did not prevent heat shock protection against both clastogens; novobiocin application after heat shock prevented protective effects. These results and those obtained earlier for heat shock protection against X-ray challenge are used to discuss possible causes underlying the protective effects triggered by heat shock.
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79
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Rieger R, Michaelis A, Schubert I, Velemínský J, Gichner T, Angelis KJ. Induction of chromatid aberrations by TEM and maleic hydrazide is differently affected by pretreatment of Vicia faba root-tip meristems with methyl iodide. Mutat Res 1988; 208:101-4. [PMID: 3380108 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-7992(98)90007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of Vicia faba main root meristems with methyl iodide (MeI) 2 h before challenge treatment with triethylene melamine (TEM) significantly reduced the yield of metaphases with chromatid aberrations, i.e., resulted in clastogenic adaptation. Combined treatment with MeI and TEM increased the aberration yield; MeI treatment alone (10(-3) M, 0.5 h) was without clastogenic effect. No protective effects were observed after MeI pretreatment and challenge treatment by maleic hydrazide (MH). The data obtained in V. faba are compared to those previously reported for E. coli.
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80
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Michaelis A, Rieger R, Nicoloff H. Effects of ethidium bromide and nalidixic acid pretreatment on the induction of chromatid aberrations by TEM and maleic hydrazide in Vicia faba main root meristems. Mutat Res 1988; 208:83-6. [PMID: 3380113 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-7992(98)90004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of Vicia faba main root meristems with ethidium bromide (EB) or nalidixic acid (NA) significantly reduced the yield of metaphases with chromatid aberrations induced by maleic hydrazide (MH), i.e., triggered clastogenic adaptation to MH. No such protection occurred when the alkylating agent triethylenemelamine (TEM) was used for challenge treatment. The differential response of pretreated cells to MH on the one hand (protection) and to TEM (no protection) on the other supports the conclusion that clastogenic adaptation is due to different inducible (repair?) functions, which eventually exert protection against clastogenic impacts.
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81
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Rieger R, Michaelis A, Aurich O. Effects of benzamide pretreatment on clastogenic adaptation of Vicia faba root-tip meristem cells to triethylenemelamine (TEM) and maleic hydrazide (MH). Mutat Res 1987; 191:93-7. [PMID: 3110615 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(87)90135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Clastogenic adaptation to TEM or MH no longer occurred when benzamide, an inhibitor of nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADPRT), was applied prior to the low dose (conditioning) treatment which triggers this phenomenon. This may be indicative that inducible processes connected with ribosylation reactions are involved in the protective effects exerted by clastogenic adaptation. No increase by benzamide pretreatment was observed in the yield of metaphases with TEM- or MH-induced chromatid aberrations after conditioning and challenge treatment, respectively. High benzamide concentrations (1 h, 5 X 10(-3) M) exerted protective effects against TEM challenging but not against MH.
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82
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Heindorff K, Rieger R, Michaelis A, Takehisa S. Clastogenic adaptation triggered by S-phase-independent clastogens in Vicia faba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(87)90044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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83
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Schubert I, Rieger R, Michaelis A. Effects of ‘G2-repair’ inhibitors on ‘clastogenic adaptation’ in Vicia faba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00330206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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84
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Rieger R, Michaelis A, Schubert I. Reduction by heat shock of maleic hydrazide-induced aberration yield is dependent on temperature and duration of heat pretreatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(86)90151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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85
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Michaelis A, Takehisa S, Rieger R, Aurich O. Ammonium chloride and zinc sulfate pretreatments reduce the yield of chromatid aberrations induced by TEM and maleic hydrazide in Vicia faba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(86)90033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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86
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Nicoloff H, Gescheff K, Rieger R, Michaelis A. ‘Clastogenic adaptation’ in barley: Differential response of presoaked and dry seeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(85)90110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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87
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Rieger R, Michaelis A, Schubert I. Heat-shocks prior to treatment of Vicia faba root-tip meristems with maleic hydrazide or TEM reduce the yield of chromatid aberrations. Mutat Res 1985; 143:79-82. [PMID: 4000146 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(85)90109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shocks (10 and 30 min at 40 degrees C) prior to treatment with MH or TEM significantly reduced the yield of metaphases with chromatid aberrations. No such effect was observed when ethanol was used for aberration induction. The 'heat-shock effect' on aberration induction by MH and TEM is comparable to 'clastogenic adaptation' observed after pretreatment ('conditioning') with low clastogen concentrations prior to 'challenging' with high clastogen concentrations; both require unimpaired protein synthesis.
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88
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Heindorff K, Aurich O, Rieger R, Michaelis A. Pretreatment of Vicia faba root-tip meristems with hydrazines results in ‘clastogenic adaptation’ to maleic hydrazide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(85)90020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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89
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Heindorff K, Michaelis A, Aurich O, Rieger R. Peroxide pretreatment of Vicia faba root-tip meristems results in ‘clastogenic adaptation’ to maleic hydrazide but not to TEM. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-7992(85)80007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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90
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Rieger R, Michaelis A, Nicoloff H. ‘Clastogenic adaptation’ of the Vicia faba root-tip meristem as affected by various treatment parameters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(84)90050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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91
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Heindorff K, Aurich O, Michaelis A, Rieger R. Genetic toxicology of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Mutat Res 1983; 115:149-73. [PMID: 6406880 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1110(83)90001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
EDTA and its salts have a number of applications in medicine and pharmacy. EDTA is used to remove calcium from the human body, and serves as an anticoagulant and as a detoxicant after poisoning by heavy metals. It is often used in analytical chemistry for complexometric titrations and many other purposes. Because the compound is of rather low toxicity, it is used as a food additive to bind metal ions. EDTA affects the inhibition of DNA synthesis in primary cultures of mammalian cells. This may be due to impairment of enzymes involved in DNA replication. Some early studies have shown that EDTA leads to morphological changes of chromatin and chromosome structure in plant and animal cells. These alterations consist of dispersion or swelling of chromosomes or a loss of interphase chromatin structure. For several test systems, a low chromosome-breaking activity of EDTA has been reported. A weak activity in the induction of gene mutations has also been observed. It is well established that EDTA influences chromosome breakage by mutagenic agents. In particular, when applied in combination with chemical mutagens, EDTA enhances mutagen-induced aberration frequencies. Furthermore, the chelating agent is able to increase the incidence of meiotic crossing-over. This has been demonstrated for many gene loci in Drosophila melanogaster, Chlamydomonas reinhardi, Neurospora crassa and Zea mays. EDTA interferes with DNA repair processes that take place after exposure to mutagens. In E. coli or Micrococcus radiodurans as well as in Chinese hamster cells, the fast repair component detectable after treatment with ionizing radiation or bleomycin is inhibited by EDTA. In plant cells exposed to gamma-rays, EDTA inhibits unscheduled DNA synthesis. The mechanism by which EDTA causes these effects remains poorly understood. The sequestering of metal ions by the chelating agent is obviously responsible for functional and structural alterations of the genetic material. Although EDTA produces a whole set of genetic effects it seems to be a harmless compound to man as far as genotoxicity is concerned. The data presently at hand, however, are not sufficient for a reliable risk assessment.
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92
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Takehisa S, D�bel P, Rieger R, Michaelis A. Differential response to cold and HCl-acetic acid treatment of heterochromatin in reconstructed Vicia faba karyotypes. Chromosoma 1976. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00292838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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93
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Döbel P, Rieger R, Michaelis A. The Giemsa banding patterns of the standard and four reconstructed karyotypes of Vicia faba. Chromosoma 1973; 43:409-22. [PMID: 4130181 DOI: 10.1007/bf00406747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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94
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Maulding HV, Nazareno J, Polesuk J, Michaelis A. Investigations of hydrolytic products of butalbital. J Pharm Sci 1972; 61:1389-93. [PMID: 5068943 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600610909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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95
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Fucík V, Michaelis A, Rieger R. On the induction of segment extension and chromatid structural changes in Vicia faba chromosomes after treatment with 5-azacytidine and 5-azadeoxycytidine. Mutat Res 1970; 9:599-606. [PMID: 5424723 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(70)90105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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96
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Higuchi T, Michaelis A, Tan T, Hurwitz A. Ion pair extraction of pharmaceutical amines. Role of dipolar solvating agents in extraction of dextromethorphan. Anal Chem 1967; 39:974-9. [PMID: 6042639 DOI: 10.1021/ac60252a051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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97
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Rieger R, Michaelis A. Chemical induction of heat-reversible 'potential lesions' in Vicia faba chromosome. Nature 1965; 206:741-2. [PMID: 5832872 DOI: 10.1038/206741a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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98
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Rieger R, Michaelis A. On the time period during which chemically induced chromatid breaks are available for interaction. Exp Cell Res 1963. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(63)90170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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99
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Michaelis A, Rieger R. Einige experimentelle Ergebnisse zur Wirkung von Myleran auf die Chromosomen vonVicia faba L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1960. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00710567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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100
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Michaelis A. Über das genetische Verhalten der SchmalblattformAngusta und über die Häufigkeit und Art spontaner Genom- und Chromosomenmutationen beiAutirrhinum majus L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1959. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02099383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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