151
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Pizzi A. On the correlation equations of liquid and solid13C-NMR, thermomechanical analysis,Tg, and network strength in polycondensation resins. J Appl Polym Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990307)71:10<1703::aid-app17>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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152
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153
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Mahjneh I, Bushby K, Anderson L, Muntoni F, Tolvanen-Mahjneh H, Bashir R, Pizzi A, Brockington M, Marconi G. Merosin-positive congenital muscular dystrophy: a large inbred family. Neuropediatrics 1999; 30:22-8. [PMID: 10222457 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Large families with congenital muscular dystrophy are rare. We report a clinical, histopathological, immunocytochemical, electrophysiological, radiological and genetic study of 10 cases affected by "pure" CMD belonging to two generations of a large inbred Palestinian family. The disease showed autosomal recessive inheritance. All patients had generalised muscular weakness and hypotonia at birth without arthrogryposis. They had a relatively benign clinical course with stabilisation of the clinical picture at different ages and at variable degrees of severity. The pattern of muscle weakness and wasting was more marked in the proximal upper limb-girdle and trunk muscles. Lower limb muscles were more mildly involved. Serum CK was normal or moderately increased. All patients had normal intelligence, normal computed tomography (CT) scans of the brain and normal somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). Electromyography (EMG) and muscle biopsy showed morphological changes compatible with muscular dystrophy. Immunocytochemistry for dystrophin, laminin alpha 2 of merosin, and for alpha, beta, gamma sarcoglycans was normal. Linkage analysis excluded all the known loci for CMD, including laminin alpha 2 on chromosome 6q2, the Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy locus on 9q3, the integrin alpha 7 locus on chromosome 12q13 and the recently identified locus on 1p35-36. The family we present is clinically and genetically distinct from the already mapped forms of congenital muscular dystrophy. Genetic studies are in progress to localise the gene responsible for this condition.
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154
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Pizzi A. Extension of simple polycondensation gelation theories to simple radical and mixed polycondensation/radical gelation. J Appl Polym Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990118)71:3<517::aid-app18>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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155
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156
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157
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Garcia R, Pizzi A. Polycondensation and autocondensation networks in polyflavonoid tannins. II. Polycondensation versus autocondensation. J Appl Polym Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19981107)70:6<1093::aid-app6>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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158
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Pizzi A, Probst F. On the correlation of some theoretical and experimental parameters in polycondensation crosslinked networks. III. Network-constrained repeating units. J Appl Polym Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19980214)67:7<1341::aid-app25>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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159
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160
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Garcia R, Pizzi A, Merlin A. Ionic polycondensation effects on the radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins: An ESR study. J Appl Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970926)65:13<2623::aid-app4>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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161
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Pizzi A. On the correlation of some theoretical and experimental parameters in polycondensation crosslinked networks. II. Interfacial energy and adhesion on cellulose substrates. J Appl Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970829)65:9<1843::aid-app23>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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162
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Masson E, Pizzi A, Merlin M. Comparative kinetics of the induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins. II. Flavonoid units effects. J Appl Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970411)64:2<243::aid-app5>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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163
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Noferi M, Masson E, Merlin A, Pizzi A, Deglise X. Antioxidant characteristics of hydrolysable and polyflavonoid tannins: An ESR kinetics study. J Appl Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970124)63:4<475::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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164
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Mercer AT, Pizzi A. A13C-NMR analysis method for MF and MUF resins strength and formaldehyde emission from wood particleboard. I. MUF resins. J Appl Polym Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960906)61:10<1687::aid-app8>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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165
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Mercer AT, Pizzi A. A13C-NMR analysis method for MF and MUF resins strength and formaldehyde emission from wood particleboard. II. MF resins. J Appl Polym Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960906)61:10<1697::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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166
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Mahjneh I, Bushby K, Pizzi A, Bashir R, Marconi G. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: a follow-up study of 79 patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1996; 94:177-89. [PMID: 8899051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1996.tb07050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) are autosomally inherited neuromuscular diseases. Recently six different loci for LGMD have been reported: 5q (LGMD1A), 15q (LGMD2A), 2p (LGMD2B), 13q (LGMD2C), 17q (LGMD2D) and 4p-14-q21.2 (LGMD2E) respectively. We have studied 79 patients affected by LGMD during the period 1976 to 1995. All patients were examined clinically, and various investigations, including genetics were performed. According to their data we divided them as follow: 1) Cases with autosomal recessive inheritance (34.19%) of these two families are linked to chromosome 2p and the others were subdivided according to the age at onset into childhood LGMD and juvenile-adult LGMD; 2) Cases with dominant inheritance (13.92%); 3) Sporadic cases (51.89%). Onset of symptoms occurs from the first to the third decade. The clinical course varies considerably, as does the degree of disability. Our study allowed to identify two different groups of patients who relatively homogeneous with respect to their clinical and laboratory characteristics.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Child
- Chromosome Aberrations/genetics
- Chromosome Disorders
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Consanguinity
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genes, Dominant/genetics
- Genes, Recessive/genetics
- Genetic Carrier Screening
- Genetic Linkage/genetics
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophies/classification
- Muscular Dystrophies/diagnosis
- Muscular Dystrophies/genetics
- Neurologic Examination
- Pedigree
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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167
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Masson E, Pizzi A, Merlin A. Comparative kinetics of the induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins. III. Micellar reactions vs. cellulose surface catalysis. J Appl Polym Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960606)60:10<1655::aid-app18>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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168
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Masson E, Merlin A, Pizzi A. Comparative kinetics of induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins. I. Modified and nonmodified tannins. J Appl Polym Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960411)60:2<263::aid-app14>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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169
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Cappellini M, Mahjneh I, Pizzi A, Marconi G. Muscle CT findings in 33 patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(96)89007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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170
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Mahjneh I, Bushby K, Pizzi A, Bashir R, Marconi G. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: A follow-up study of 79 patients. Neuromuscul Disord 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(96)88966-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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171
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Anichini E, Caligiani R, Mahjneh I, Sollima D, Pizzi A, Marconi G, Torricelli F. Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies: clinical and molecular studies of two families. Neuromuscul Disord 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(96)89018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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172
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173
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Pelo E, Frusconi S, Pizzi A, Sbernini F, Torricelli F, Mahjneh L, Marconi G. Clinical, pathological and molecular genetic studies in an Italian family affected by hereditary amyloidosis. Neuromuscul Disord 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(96)89070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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174
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175
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Quaresima V, Pizzi A, De Blasi RA, Ferrari A, Ferrari M. Influence of the treadmill speed/slope on quadriceps oxygenation during dynamic exercise. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 388:231-5. [PMID: 8798817 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0333-6_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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176
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Pizzi A, Panamgama LA. Diffusion hindrance vs. wood-induced catalytic activation of MUF adhesive polycondensation. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070580112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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177
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Goti P, Spinelli A, Marconi G, Duranti R, Gigliotti F, Pizzi A, Scano G. Comparative effects of plasma exchange and pyridostigmine on respiratory muscle strength and breathing pattern in patients with myasthenia gravis. Thorax 1995; 50:1080-6. [PMID: 7491557 PMCID: PMC475022 DOI: 10.1136/thx.50.10.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyridostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase antagonist, is useful in improving respiratory function in patients with myasthenia gravis. More recently, plasma exchange has been employed in myasthenia gravis because it acts presumably by removal of circulating antibodies against acetylcholine receptors. Surprisingly, comparative data on the effects of pyridostigmine and plasma exchange on lung volumes, respiratory muscle strength, and ventilatory control system in patients with myasthenia gravis are lacking. METHODS Nine consecutive patients with grade IIb myasthenia gravis were studied under control conditions and after a therapeutic dose of pyridostigmine. In a second study the patients were re-evaluated a few days after a cycle of plasma exchange, before taking pyridostigmine. In each subject pulmonary volumes, inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) muscle force, and respiratory muscle strength, calculated as average MIP and MEP as percentages of their predicted values, were measured. The ventilatory control system was evaluated in terms of volume (tidal volume, VT) and time (inspiratory time, TI, and total time, TTOT) components of the respiratory cycle. Mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI)--that is, the "driving"--and TI/TTOT: that is, the "timing"--components of ventilation were also measured. RESULTS In each patient treatment relieved weakness and tiredness, and dyspnoea grade was reduced with plasma exchange. Following treatment, vital capacity (VC) increased on average by 9.7% with pyridostigmine and by 14% with plasma exchange, and MIP increased by 18% and 26%, respectively. In addition, with plasma exchange but not with pyridostigmine forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) increased by 16% and MEP increased by 24.5%, while functional residual capacity (FRC) decreased a little (6.8%). The change in respiratory muscle strength was related to change in VC (r2 = 0.48). With plasma exchange, VT increased by 18.6% and VT/TI increased by 13.5%, while neither TI nor TI/TTOT changed. CONCLUSIONS Plasma exchange can be used in patients with myasthenia gravis when symptoms are not adequately controlled by anticholinesterase agents. Plasma exchange increases respiratory muscle force and tidal volume due to changes in "driving" but not "timing" of the respiratory cycle.
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178
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Gigliotti F, Pizzi A, Duranti R, Gorini M, Iandelli I, Scano G. Control of breathing in patients with limb girdle dystrophy: a controlled study. Thorax 1995; 50:962-8. [PMID: 8539676 PMCID: PMC1021309 DOI: 10.1136/thx.50.9.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with limb girdle dystrophy the relative contribution of peripheral factors (respiratory muscle weakness, and lung and/or airway involvement) and central factors (blunted and/or inadequate chemoresponsiveness) in respiratory insufficiency has not yet been established. To resolve this, lung volumes, arterial blood gas tensions, respiratory muscle strength, breathing pattern and neural respiratory drive were investigated in a group of 15 patients with limb girdle dystrophy. An age-matched normal group was studied as a control. METHODS Respiratory muscle strength was assessed as an arithmetic mean of maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures. Breathing pattern was evaluated in terms of volume (ventilation VE, tidal volume VT) and time (respiratory frequency Rf, inspiratory time TI, expiratory time TE) components of the respiratory cycle. Neural respiratory drive was assessed as the mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI), mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) and electromyographic activity (EMG) of the diaphragm (EMGd) and the intercostal parasternal (EMGp) muscles. In 10 of the 15 patients the responses to carbon dioxide (PCO2) stimulation were also evaluated. RESULTS Most patients exhibited a moderate decrease in vital capacity (VC) (range 37-87% of predicted), MIP (range 23-84% of predicted), and/or MEP (range 13-41% of predicted). The arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) was increased in three patients breathing room air, while PaO2 was normal in all. Compared with the control group Rf was higher, and VT, TI and TE were lower in the patients. EMGd and EMGp were higher whilst VT/TI and P0.1 were normal in the patients. Respiratory muscle strength was inversely related to EMGd and EMGp. PaCO2 was found to relate primarily to VC and duration of illness, but not to respiratory muscle strength. During hypercapnic rebreathing delta VE/delta PCO2, delta VT/delta PCO2, and delta P0.1/delta PCO2 were lower than normal, whilst delta EMGd/delta PCO2 and delta EMGp/delta PCO2 were normal in most patients. A direct relation between respiratory muscle strength and delta VT/delta PCO2 was found. CONCLUSIONS The respiratory muscles, especially expiratory ones, are weak in patients with limb girdle dystrophy. Reductions in respiratory muscle strength are associated with increased neural drive and decreased ventilatory output (delta VT/delta PCO2). The decrease in VC, together with the duration of disease, influence PaCO2. VC is a more useful test than respiratory muscle strength for following the course of limb girdle dystrophy.
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179
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Kirschbaum A, Pizzi A. [Which are the causes death among Chilean women?]. Rev Med Chil 1995; 123:909-15. [PMID: 8560125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed all death certificates issued during 1991 to investigate the principal diseases causing death among Chilean women. We calculated direct relative risks and their confidence intervals, highlighting those diseases causing a significantly higher number of deaths among women. The main causes of death, shared by men and women, were acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular diseases and bronchopneumonia. The diseases that caused more deaths among women were fractures of head of femur, gallbladder cancer, mitral valve disease, kidney infections and cholelithiasis.
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180
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Pizzi A, Tekely P. Mechanism of polyphenolic tannin resin hardening by hexamethylenetetramine: CP–MAS 13C-NMR. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070561215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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181
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Pizzi A, Tekely P. 13C-NMR of Zn2 acetate-induced autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070560512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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182
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Pizzi A, Meikleham N. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates. III. CP-MAS 13C-NMR of different tannins and models. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070550812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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183
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Panamgama LA, Pizzi A. A 13C-NMR analysis method for phenol–formaldehyde resin strength and formaldehyde emission. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070550705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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184
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Pizzi A, Meikleham N, Stephanou A. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates. II. Cellulose effect and application. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070550611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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185
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Thompson D, Pizzi A. Simple 13C-NMR methods for quantitative determinations of polyflavonoid tannin characteristics. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070550111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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186
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Ntsihlele ES, Pizzi A. Cross-linked coatings by co-reaction of isocyanate–methoxymethyl melamine systems. J Appl Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1995.070550117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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187
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Meikleham N, Pizzi A, Stephanou A. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates. I. 13C-NMR, 29Si-NMR, X-ray, and polarimetry studies and mechanism. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070541206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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188
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189
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Pizzi A, Mtsweni B, Parsons W. Wood-induced catalytic activation of PF adhesives autopolymerization vs. PF/wood covalent bonding. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070521302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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190
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A. A 13C NMR study of polyflavonoid tannin adhesive intermediates. II. Colloidal state reactions. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070511303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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191
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A. A 13C NMR study of polyflavonoid tannin adhesive intermediates. I. Noncolloidal performance determining rearrangements. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070511302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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192
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A. Completion of alkaline cure acceleration of phenol–formaldehyde resins: Acceleration by organic anhydrides. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070510723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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193
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194
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A, Antunes I, De Beer G. Alkaline PF resins linear extension by urea condensation with hydroxybenzylalcohol groups. J Appl Polym Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1993.070501221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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195
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A. A comparative C13 NMR study of polyflavonoid tannin extracts for phenolic polycondensates. J Appl Polym Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1993.070501209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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196
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197
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Ferg EE, Pizzi A, Levendis DC. 13C NMR analysis method for urea–formaldehyde resin strength and formaldehyde emission. J Appl Polym Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1993.070500519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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198
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Pizzi A, Stephanou A. On the chemistry, behavior, and cure acceleration of phenol–formaldehyde resins under very alkaline conditions. J Appl Polym Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1993.070491212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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199
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