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Abstract
Lactating adenoma is one of the breast tumours associated with pregnancy. A case of lactating adenoma, unusual on account of its huge size, is presented. Large size and history of rapid growth can lead to a mistaken diagnosis of malignancy. A review of the literature of this particular tumour with the different views on its histogenesis and the differential diagnoses are also discussed.
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Abu-Ain M, Aazem S, Morton C, Kumwenda M, Griffiths D, Jacob A. A rare potentially treatable cause of bilateral optic disc swelling. BMJ Case Rep 2010; 2010:2010/oct12_2/bcr0320102835. [PMID: 22789833 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.03.2010.2835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid onset bilateral optic disc swelling generally indicates an intracranial problem-that is, papilloedema. However, when there is also visual loss, disease affecting the optic nerves themselves must be considered. We present the diagnostic problem of a patient with optic disc swelling and progressive visual loss. Investigations finally revealed hypocalcaemia secondary to primary hypoparathyroidism. With treatment a marked improvement in vision occurred. This reversible rare cause of optic disc swelling should not be forgotten.
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78
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Jacob A, Newson-Smith M, Murphy E, Steiner M, Dick F. Sharps injuries among health care workers in the United Arab Emirates. Occup Med (Lond) 2010; 60:395-7. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqq039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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79
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Merkl M, Jacob A, Zimmer FE, Ohberg P, Santos L. Chiral confinement in quasirelativistic Bose-Einstein condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:073603. [PMID: 20366882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.073603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of a laser-induced spin-orbit coupling an interacting ultracold spinor Bose-Einstein condensate may acquire a quasirelativistic character described by a nonlinear Dirac-like equation. We show that as a result of the spin-orbit coupling and the nonlinearity the condensate may become self-trapped, resembling the so-called chiral confinement, previously studied in the context of the massive Thirring model. We first consider 1D geometries where the self-confined condensates present an intriguing sinusoidal dependence on the interparticle interactions. We further show that multidimensional chiral confinement is also possible under appropriate feasible laser arrangements, and discuss the properties of 2D and 3D condensates, which differ significantly from the 1D case.
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80
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Mullan D, Jacob A, Laasch H. Malignant ascites: cost savings and complications with ultrasound-guided placement of tunnelled catheters. Cancer Imaging 2010. [DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2010.9045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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81
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Larner AJ, Jacob A. Paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia with optic atrophy: A-30-year follow-up. Neurol India 2010; 58:135-6. [DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.60399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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82
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Jacob A, Bao L, Brorson J, Quigg RJ, Alexander JJ. C3aR inhibition reduces neurodegeneration in experimental lupus. Lupus 2009; 19:73-82. [PMID: 19900981 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309348978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Complement activation is an important aspect of systemic lupus erythematosus. In this study we investigated the role of C3a/C3a receptor (R) signaling in brains of the lupus model, MRL/lpr mice, by treating the mice with C3aR antagonist (a) from 13 to 19 weeks of age. C3aR mRNA (0.2 +/- 0.027 versus 0.56 +/- 0.19) and protein (0.16 +/- 0.09 versus 0.63 +/- 0.19) expression was increased in MRL/lpr brains compared with MRL+/+ controls. Apoptosis, a key feature in lupus brain, was significantly reduced by C3aRa treatment, as assessed by DNA laddering, TUNEL staining and caspase3 activity (48% of MRL/lpr mice). mRNA expression of proinflammatory molecules that cause apoptosis, TNFalpha (0.33 +/- 0.07 versus 0.15 +/- 0.1), MIP2 (3.8 +/- 1.3 versus 1.7 +/- 0.6), and INFgamma (4.8 +/- 1.0 versus 2.07 +/- 1.28) are reduced in MRL/lpr brains with C3aRa treatment. In line with these results, Western blotting demonstrates the significant increase in phosphorylation of survival molecules Akt and Erk, decrease in PTEN and reduced iNOS expression. INFgamma receptor (R) and AMPA-GluR1 co-localized, and concomitant with reduced INFgammaR expression, AMPAGluR1 expression was also decreased by C3aR antagonist. All of these variables that modulate neuronal excitability and regulate synaptic plasticity are C3aR dependent in the MRL/lpr brains and suggest a potential therapeutic role for C3aR inhibition in CNS lupus.
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84
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Siva A, Saip S, Altintas A, Jacob A, Keegan BM, Kantarci OH. Multiple sclerosis risk in radiologically uncovered asymptomatic possible inflammatory-demyelinating disease. Mult Scler 2009; 15:918-27. [PMID: 19667020 DOI: 10.1177/1352458509106214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural history of patients with incidentally discovered lesions that fulfill magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) in the absence of objective clinical symptoms suggestive of central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory-demyelinating disease is not well defined. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the risk of developing symptomatic MS in patients with radiologically uncovered asymptomatic possible inflammatory-demyelinating disease (RAPIDD). METHODS We identified and longitudinally followed a cohort of 22 patients from two tertiary care MS centers: Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey, and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, after an initial MRI study fulfilling the Barkhof-Tintore MRI criteria completed for other reasons unrelated to MS. RESULTS Eight of 22 patients developed an objective clinical symptom consistent with a CNS inflammatory-demyelinating syndrome and fulfilled dissemination in space and time criteria for definite MS. Median age at the time of diagnosis of MS was 44.8 years (range 28.3-71.4 years). Time taken for the development of definite MS was studied by survival analysis. Cumulative event rates were; 12 months: 9%, 24 months: 15%, 36 months: 30.4%, and 60 months: 44.6%. Six of 22 patients were followed beyond 60 months. Two of these six patients developed MS later (at 66 and 112 months, respectively). Three patients remained asymptomatic despite follow-up of 10 years. CONCLUSIONS PATIENTS with RAPIDD develop MS at a similar rate to treated patients (and less frequently than placebo groups) with clinically isolated syndromes from prior randomized controlled studies. Some patients with RAPIDD continue to have radiological evolution of subclinical disease without MS symptoms despite long follow-up periods.
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86
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Tweedie D, Jacob A. Surgery of the parotid gland: evolution of techniques, nomenclature and a revised classification system. Clin Otolaryngol 2009; 34:303-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.01953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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87
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Okafor BC, Gugnani HC, Jacob A. Nasal Entomophthorosis with Laryngeal Involvement/Nasale Entomophthorose mit Kehlkopfbeteiligung. Mycoses 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1983.tb03241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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88
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Thalhammer C, Aschwanden M, Jacob A. Intravascular displacement of a StarClose device after brachial artery puncture. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2008; 29 Suppl 5:S215-S217. [PMID: 19177284 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1145227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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89
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Jarius S, Jacob S, Waters P, Jacob A, Littleton E, Vincent A. Neuromyelitis optica in patients with gluten sensitivity associated with antibodies to aquaporin-4. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:1084. [PMID: 18708571 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.143263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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90
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Matiello M, Lennon VA, Jacob A, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Wingerchuk DM, Weinshenker BG. NMO-IgG predicts the outcome of recurrent optic neuritis. Neurology 2008; 70:2197-200. [PMID: 18434643 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000303817.82134.da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prognostic value of neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) in patients with recurrent optic neuritis (ON). The aquaporin-4-specific serum autoantibody, NMO-IgG, is a biomarker for NMO and relapsing transverse myelitis. Recurrent ON may herald multiple sclerosis (MS) or NMO, or it may occur as an isolated syndrome. The prognosis and response to therapy differs in each of these contexts. METHODS We evaluated 34 patients who were tested for NMO-IgG between 2000 and 2007 and who had two or more episodes of ON without satisfying a diagnosis of MS or NMO prior to serologic testing. Clinical data were available for 25 Mayo Clinic patients (5 NMO-IgG positive and 20 NMO-IgG negative) and for an additional 9 seropositive patients whose serum was referred to the Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology laboratory for testing. RESULTS Twenty percent of the patients with recurrent ON seen at Mayo Clinic were seropositive. All NMO-IgG-positive patients (vs 65% NMO-IgG-negative patients) had at least one attack with visual acuity in the affected eye worse than 20/200 (p = 0.05). In seropositive patients for whom long-term follow-up was possible (median 8.9 years after the initial ON), 6 of 12 (50%) experienced an episode of myelitis and fulfilled criteria for NMO. In contrast, 1 of 15 seronegative patients (6.7%) fulfilled McDonald criteria for MS (p = 0.03). Seropositive patients had a final visual score which was worse than that of seronegative patients (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-immunoglobulin G seropositivity predicts poor visual outcome and development of NMO. Seropositive recurrent optic neuritis is a limited form of NMO.
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Cohen T, Brand-Auraban A, Karshai C, Jacob A, Gay I, Tsitsianov J, Shapiro T, Jatziv S, Ashkenazi A. Familial infantile renal tubular acidosis and congenital nerve deafness: an autosomal recessive syndrome. Clin Genet 2008; 4:275-8. [PMID: 4765211 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1973.tb01155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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92
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Nguyen DQ, Quah SA, Kumar N, Jacob A, Kaye SB. In-vivo scanning of Ascher intrastromal corneal ring opacity. Br J Ophthalmol 2007; 91:1710-1. [PMID: 18024816 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2006.109322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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93
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Jacob A, Simon O, Reese P, Singh P. Demonstration of antihistamine properties with AST-1: a bioactive extract from garden slugs (Diplosolenodes occidentalis). W INDIAN MED J 2007; 56:11-6. [PMID: 17621838 DOI: 10.1590/s0043-31442007000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parched and ground whole garden slugs are claimed in rural Jamaican folklore practices to have useful effects in the treatment of bronchial asthma. Since this claim may be associated with respiratory dysfunction due to histamine from allergic sensitization, the authors investigated the effects of a semi-pure alcoholic extract (AST-1) on histamine-induced contraction of the guinea pig in vitro tracheal muscle preparation and cutaneous allergic responses in ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Chemical analysis of AST-1 by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography indicated two compounds in the composition, but the molecular structures were not determined Pharmacological evaluation of AST-1 produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of histamine-induced contraction of the guinea pig tracheal muscle preparation. AST-1 also inhibited contraction of the tracheal muscle produced by selective H1 receptor stimulation with HTMT dimaleate. H2 receptors were not involved, as indicated by the absence of contraction with dimaprit hydrochloride, a selective H2 agonist. Also, in ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs, AST-1 and diphenhydramine, a selective H1 antagonist, inhibited the cutaneous responses due to intradermal injection of histamine and ovalbumin. These results suggest that AST-1 has H1 anti-histamine properties which can inhibit histamine-induced tracheobronchial muscle contraction and cutaneous responses due to allergy.
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Lenz TL, Jacob A, Wedekind C. Manipulating sex ratio to increase population growth: the example of the Lesser Kestrel. Anim Conserv 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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95
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Boseto F, Jacob J, Jacob A. TS01 SINGLE VEHICLE ROLL OVER ACCIDENTS: AN UNIQUE PATTERN OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS IN CENTRAL AUSTRALIA. ANZ J Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04133_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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96
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97
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Hofmann U, Jacob A, Loofmann H. Untersuchung der Tonfraktion der Böden mit dem Elektronen-Mikroskop. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jpln.19410250502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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98
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Jacob A, Loofmann H. Untersuchungen mit dem Elektronen-Mikroskop an einheitlich zusammengesetzten Bodenmineralien < 2 μ. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jpln.19400210148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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99
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Jacob A. Reply. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfm009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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100
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Jacob A, Ramani S, Banerjee I, Kang G. Efficacy and acceptability of chlorine dioxide water disinfectant. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007; 25:74-5. [PMID: 17377364 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.31074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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