A French survey of contraceptive implant migration to the pulmonary artery

OBJECTIVE(S)

To quantify implant migration to the pulmonary artery in France since 2012 and to describe the diagnoses and treatments.

STUDY DESIGN

We surveyed 780 physicians of the French national implant-referral network, the French Society of Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery, and the French Radiology Society about diagnosis of implant migration to the pulmonary artery vasculature. We evaluated total implant insertions in France using data from the Medic'AM database.

RESULTS

We identified 12 cases from 2012 to 2017. Ten of the cases were asymptomatic. Five devices were removed via interventional radiology, five surgically, and two were left in place. The number of insertions in France during the same years was approximately 1,200,000.

CONCLUSION(S)

Pulmonary artery migration following contraceptive implant insertion is rare with a migration incidence of 1 in 100,000. Most cases were diagnosed incidentally.

Evaluation of a follow-up customized strategy for women treated with methotrexate for an ectopic pregnancy: An observational study

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate a follow-up customized strategy used in women treated with methotrexate for tubal ectopic pregnancy.

STUDY DESIGN

This observational monocentric study took place from November 2009 to December 2015 in the emergency unit at La Conception University Hospital in Marseille, France. 440 women were treated by methotrexate for tubal ectopic pregnancy. Women were assigned in a classic follow up protocol with a weekly hCG evaluation (conventional protocol) if the drop in hCG between D1 and D4 was inferior to 20% or in an alternative follow up (streamlined protocol) with a hCG evaluation at one month. The main outcome measures were the success rate, the proportion of women requiring several methotrexate injections, and the mean number of consultations per women and duration of the follow-up.

RESULTS

During this period, the success rate was 348/440 (79.1%). The rate of women requiring 1, 2, or 3 injections and of women lost to follow-up were comparable between the two protocols. The mean number of consultations per woman was 3.6 ± 1.33 vs. 5.95 ± 2.25 days (p < 0.0001), and the follow-up was 27.5 ± 12 vs. 28.1 ± 15.4 (p = 0.6) respectively in the conventional protocol group and the streamlined.

CONCLUSION

Our customized strategy allows for a decrease in the number of consultations per woman without changing the success rate or the need for methotrexate injection. hCG count drop between D1 and D4 allows for the selection of a low-risk group that can benefit from appropriate aftercare.

Compliance with national guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis prescription with a surgical abortion: Results of the Mya study

PURPOSE

Performing an antibiotic prophylaxis (ATBP) with a surgical abortion (SA) is recommended in numerous countries, including France where the CNGOF has issued guidelines. There is little data regarding the actual application of these guidelines in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the practice of ATBP with SA and to assess the degree of compliance with the national guidelines.

METHODS

This longitudinal, prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was undertaken between December 2013 and July 2014 with the objective of assessing the modalities of prescription of ATBP under real-life conditions in the setting of SA, and to compare it with the national guidelines.

RESULTS

A total of 542 pregnant patients agreed to participate and were included by 36 French hospitals. Of these 36 active centers, 18 (50%) systematically prescribed an ATBP, while 10 (27.8%) prescribed an ATBP depending on the risks for the patient. Of these 542 patients, 263 (48.5%) received an ATBP prescription, 274 (50.6%) did not receive such a prescription. The prescribed ATBP was metronidazole (88/263 (33.5%)), azythromycin (76/263 (28.9%)), or doxycycline (44/263 (16.7%)). In total, 208/263 (79.1%) of the patients received an ATBP. Finally, three factors were identified as independent contributors that influence the prescription of an ATBP: the prescribed cervix preparation, the type of center, and the number of surgical abortions per year in the center over 500/year.

CONCLUSION

Only half of the patients who undergo an SA receive a prescription for ATBP. Of the prescribed antibiotics, 80% correspond with the recommended ones.

Abstract P2-08-08: Isolated ipsilateral local recurrence of breast cancer: Predictive factors and prognostic impact

Background

Tumour features associated with isolated invasive breast cancer ipsilateral local recurrence (ILR) after breast conservative treatment (BCT) and consequences on overall survival (OS) are still debated. The aim of our study was to examine predictive factors of isolated ILR after BCT with in sano resection and whole breast irradiation as well as the impact of such an ILR on overall survival in a large multi-institutional cohort.

Methods

Patients were retrospectively identified from a large cohort of 23,375 consecutive patients who underwent BCT for invasive breast cancer in 16 cancer centres. End-points were ILR rate and OS. The impact of ILR on OS was assessed through multivariate analysis by logistic regression and Cox model, adjusted on ERs/Grade status (ERs+/Grade 1, ERs+/Grade 2, ERs+/Grade 3 and ERs-) and then on tumour subtypes.

Results

Of 15,570 patients, ILR rate was 3.1%. Cumulative ILR rates differed according to ERs/grade (ERs+/Grade2: HR=1.42, p=0.010; ERs+/Grade3: HR=1.41, p=0.067; ERs-: HR=2.14, p&lt;0.0001), endocrine therapy (HR=2.05, p&lt;0.0001) and age&lt;40-years old (HR=2.28, p=0.005) in multivariate analysis. When multivariate analysis was adjusted on tumour subtype, the latter was the only independent factor. OS-after-ILR was significantly different according to ILR-free intervals (HR=4.96 for ILR-free interval between 2-5-years and HR=9.00 when &lt;2-years, in comparison with ≥5-years).

Impact of free interval time on OS among patients with ILR and among all patients  p-valueHRInfSupILRno ILR 1   &lt;2 years0.0172.2551.1594.388 2-5 years0.0012.451.423.89 ≥5 years0.1030.5550.2741.126Tumor subtypesLuminal A G1 1   Luminal A G20.0031.4311.1321.810 Triple negative&lt;0.00012.6992.0553.544 Luminal B ER-&lt;0.00013.1952.4144.229 Luminal B ER+0.021.6081.0762.401 HER2+&lt;0.00012.2791.4523.579

Conclusion

ERs/Grade status, lack of endocrine therapy and tumour subtypes predict isolated ILR risk in patients treated with BCT. Short ILR-free-intervals represent a strong pejorative factor for OS. These results may help selecting initial treatment as well as tailoring ILR systemic chemotherapy.

Citation Format: Houvenaeghel G, de Nonneville A, Cohen M, Classe J-M, Reyal F, Mazouni C, Chopin N, Martinez A, Daraï E, Coutant C, Colombo P-E, Gimbergues P, Chauvet M-P, Azuar A-S, Rouzier R, Tunon de Lara C, Murraciole X, Agostini A, Gonçalves A, Lambaudie E. Isolated ipsilateral local recurrence of breast cancer: Predictive factors and prognostic impact [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-08.

[Contraception: CNGOF Guidelines for Clinical Practice (Short Version)]

The French College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (CNGOF) releases its first global recommendations for clinical practice in contraception, to provide physicians with an updated synthesis of available data as a basis for their practice. The French Health Authority (HAS) methodology was used. Twelve practical issues were selected by the organizing committee and the task force members. The available literature was screened until December 2017, and allowed the release of evidence-based, graded recommendations. This synthesis is issued from 12 developed texts, previously reviewed by experts and physicians from public and private practices, with an experience in the contraceptive field. Male and female sterilization, as well as the use of hormonal treatments without contraceptive label were excluded from the field of this analysis. Specific practical recommendations on the management of contraception prescription, patient information including efficacy, risks, and benefits of the different contraception methods, follow up, intrauterine contraception, emergency contraception, local and natural methods, contraception in teenagers and after 40, contraception in vascular high-risk situations, and in case of cancer risk are provided. The short/mid-term future of contraception mostly relies on improving the use of currently available methods. This includes reinforced information for users and increased access to contraception for women, whatever the social and clinical context. That is the goal of these recommendations.

[Emergency contraception: CNGOF Contraception Guidelines]

OBJECTIVES

Edit, by the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF), recommendations based on the evidence available in the literature for the use in terms of effectiveness, safety and side effects of emergency contraception (EC).

METHODS

A review of the literature was conducted by consulting Medline, Cochrane Library and international recommendations in French and English from January 1, 1979 to May 1, 2018.

RESULTS

It is recommended to inform patients that EC is not 100% effective. A pregnancy test is recommended if there is a delay after taking an EC. It is recommended to use EC as soon as possible after the unprotected intercourse. In the absence of long-term contraception, in the first 72hours after unprotected intercourse, ulipristal acetate (UPA) and levonorgestrel (LNG) may be offered with a superiority of UPA from 0 to 72h. Beyond 72hours, the data suggest a better efficiency of the UPA. However, taking into account practical elements (access to EC, cost, impact on the taking of hormonal contraception after UPA), it is difficult to recommend the UPA as a priority between 0 and 72h. Menstruation is more likely to happen early with LNG. The copper IUD is an effective method that can be used in EC until 120hours after unprotected intercourse or when there is a risk of contraceptive failure.

CONCLUSIONS

EC is not 100% effective. The closer the intake of EC with the unprotected intercourse, the more effective is the EC in terms of pregnancy rate.

The definition of Endometriosis Expert Centres

Endometriosis is a common condition that causes pain and infertility. It can lead to absenteeism and also to multiple surgeries with a consequent risk of impaired fertility, and constitutes a major public health cost. Despite the existence of numerous national and international guidelines, the management of endometriosis remains suboptimal. To address this issue, the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF) and the Society of Gynaecological and Pelvic Surgery (SCGP) convened a committee of experts tasked with defining the criteria for establishing a system of care networks, headed by Expert Centres, covering all of mainland France and its overseas territories. This document sets out the criteria for the designation of Expert Centres. It will serve as a guide for the authorities concerned, to ensure that the means are provided to adequately manage patients with endometriosis.

[Definition of endometriosis expert centres]

OBJECTIVES

The Collège national des gynécologues obstétriciens français (CNGOF), in agreement with the Société de chirurgie gynécologique et pelvienne (SCGP), has set up a commission in 2017 to define endometriosis expert centres, with the aim of optimizing endometriosis care in France.

METHODS

The committee included members from university and general hospitals as well as private facilities, representing medical, surgical and radiological aspects of endometriosis care. Opinion of endometriosis patients' associations was obtained prior to writing this work. The final text was presented and unanimously validated by the members of the CNGOF Board of Directors at its meeting of October 13, 2017.

RESULTS

Based on analysis of current management of endometriosis and the last ten years opportunities in France, the committee has been able to define the contours of endometriosis expert centres. The objectives, production specifications, mode of operation, missions and funding for these centres were described. The following missions have been specifically defined: territorial organization, global and referral care, communication and teaching as well as research and evaluation.

CONCLUSION

Because of its daily impact for women and its economic burden in France, endometriosis justifies launching of expert centres throughout the country with formal accreditation by health authorities, ideally as part of the National Health Plan.

Elective abortion: Clinical practice guidelines from the French College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF)

The number of elective abortions has been stable for several decades. Many factors explain women's choice of abortion in cases of unplanned pregnancies. Early initiation of contraceptive use and a choice of contraceptive choices appropriate to the woman's life are associated with lower rates of unplanned pregnancies. Reversible long-acting contraceptives should be favored as first-line methods for adolescents because of their effectiveness (grade C). Ultrasound scan before an elective abortion must be encouraged but should not be obligatory (professional consensus). As soon as the embryo appears on the ultrasound scan, the date of pregnancy is estimated by measuring the crown-rump length (CRL) or, from 11 weeks on, by measuring the biparietal diameter (BPD) (grade A). Because reliability of these parameters is ±5 days, the abortion may be done if measurements are respectively less than 90 mm for CRL and less than 30 mm for BPD (professional consensus). A medically induced abortion, performed with a dose of 200 mg mifepristone combined with misoprostol, is effective at any gestational age (Level of Evidence (LE) 1). Before 7 weeks, mifepristone should be followed 24-48 h later by misoprostol, administered orally, buccally, sublingually, or even vaginally followed if needed by a further dose of 400 μg after 3 h, to be renewed if needed after 3 h (LE 1, grade A). After 7 weeks, administration of misoprostol by the vaginal, sublingual, or buccal routes is more effective and better tolerated than by the oral route (LE 1). Cervical preparation is recommended for systematic use in surgical abortions (professional consensus). Misoprostol is a first-line agent for cervical preparation at a dose of 400 μg (grade A). Vacuum aspiration is preferable to curettage (grade B). A uterus perforated during surgical aspiration should not routinely be considered to be scarred (professional consensus). An elective abortion is not associated with a higher risk of subsequent infertility or ectopic pregnancy (LE 2). The medical consultation before an elective abortion generally does not affect the decision to end or continue the pregnancy, and most women are sufficiently certain about their choice at this time. Women appear to find the method used most acceptable and to be most satisfied when they were able to choose the method (grade B). Elective abortions are not associated with an increased rate of psychiatric disorders (LE 2). However, women with psychiatric histories are at a higher risk of psychological disorders after the occurrence of an unplanned pregnancy than women with such a history (LE 2). For surgical abortions, combined hormonal contraceptives - oral or transdermal - should be started on the day of the abortion, while the vaginal ring should be inserted 5 days afterwards (grade B). For medical abortions, the vaginal ring should be inserted in the week after mifepristone administration, while the combined contraceptives should begin the same day as the misoprostol or the day after (grade C). Contraceptive implants should be inserted on the same day as a surgical abortion, and may be inserted the day the mifepristone is administered for medical abortions (grade B and C respectively). In case of medical abortion, the implant can be inserted the same day the mifepristone is administered (grade C). Both the copper IUDs and levonorgestrel intrauterine system should be inserted on the day of the surgical abortion (grade A). After medical abortions, an IUD can be inserted in 10 days after mifepristone administration, after ultrasound scan verification of the absence of an intrauterine pregnancy (grade C).

Effect of laparoscopy by single-port endoscopic access in benign adnexal surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background

Laparoscopic surgery has become the preferred surgical approach due to a reduction in postoperative pain, better recovery, shorter hospitalization, and improved esthetic outcomes. Laparoscopic surgery with single-port laparoscopy (SPL) is a laparoscopic surgery technique that is based on making a single parietal incision using a single trocar specifically designed to allow introduction of several instruments. The level of evidence regarding the advantages of SPL in terms of postoperative pain has remained low despite several randomized studies. Adult patients exhibiting a surgical indication for an a priori benign ovarian pathology or for prophylactic purposes that can be performed by laparoscopy will be randomized to receive conventional laparoscopy (CL) or SPL. The aim of our study is to evaluate whether SPL offers advantages over CL in benign adnexal surgery.

Methods

The patients will be evaluated preoperatively to confirm their eligibility. The perioperative data up to 24 h after the intervention, as well as the postoperative data at day 7 and at one month from the intervention will be collected. The primary outcome for the study will be the postoperative pain at 24 h ± 2 h after the intervention. The pain will be assessed by a numeric rating scale of 0–10.

Other outcomes will also be assessed, such as pain at other times, the consumption of analgesics, the operative time, perioperative bleeding, the number of additional trocars in the two groups, the incidence of laparoconversion, the esthetic criteria of the scar at one month, the incidence of complications, and the quality of life at one month.

Discussion

If our hypothesis is confirmed, this study will provide evidence that the use of SPL can decrease postoperative pain in adnexal surgery. The standard surgical treatment of this condition would thus be modified.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02739724. Registered on 12 April 2016.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2429-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Development of an objective assessment tool for total laparoscopic hysterectomy: A Delphi method among experts and evaluation on a virtual reality simulator

INTRODUCTION

Total Laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) requires an advanced level of operative skills and training. The aim of this study was to develop an objective scale specific for the assessment of technical skills for LH (H-OSATS) and to demonstrate feasibility of use and validity in a virtual reality setting.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The scale was developed using a hierarchical task analysis and a panel of international experts. A Delphi method obtained consensus among experts on relevant steps that should be included into the H-OSATS scale for assessment of operative performances. Feasibility of use and validity of the scale were evaluated by reviewing video recordings of LH performed on a virtual reality laparoscopic simulator. Three groups of operators of different levels of experience were assessed in a Marseille teaching hospital (10 novices, 8 intermediates and 8 experienced surgeons). Correlations with scores obtained using a recognised generic global rating tool (OSATS) were calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 76 discrete steps were identified by the hierarchical task analysis. 14 experts completed the two rounds of the Delphi questionnaire. 64 steps reached consensus and were integrated in the scale. During the validation process, median time to rate each video recording was 25 minutes. There was a significant difference between the novice, intermediate and experienced group for total H-OSATS scores (133, 155.9 and 178.25 respectively; p = 0.002). H-OSATS scale demonstrated high inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.930; p<0.001) and test retest reliability (ICC = 0.877; p<0.001). High correlations were found between total H-OSATS scores and OSATS scores (rho = 0.928; p<0.001).

CONCLUSION

The H-OSATS scale displayed evidence of validity for assessment of technical performances for LH performed on a virtual reality simulator. The implementation of this scale is expected to facilitate deliberate practice. Next steps should focus on evaluating the validity of the scale in the operating room.