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Nath A, Agarwal R, Malhotra P, Varma S. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intern Med J 2011. [PMID: 19811561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2009.02060.x.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A recent meta-analysis has demonstrated an association between hepatitis C virus and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). There is also evidence on the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and NHL. The aim of this study was to evaluate this evidence using a meta-analytic approach. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE database from 1962 to 2008 for case-control studies that have reported the association of HBV with NHL. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the prevalence of HBV infection and pooled the results using three different statistical models. RESULTS Our search yielded 12 studies with 11 studies (3262 NHL patients, 1,523,205 controls) evaluating HBV infection in NHL and one study (3888 HBV-infected individuals, 205,203 controls) that had investigated for NHL in HBV infection. The OR of detecting HBV infection in NHL when compared with the control population was 2.56 (95% CI, 2.24-2.92) by the fixed effects model; 2.61 (95% CI, 2.29-2.98) by the exact method and 2.67 (95% CI, 2.04-3.49) by the random effects model suggesting a high prevalence of HBV carrier state in lymphoma. There was evidence of statistical heterogeneity which disappeared after exclusion of retrospective studies on sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest a possible causal relation between HBV infection and NHL which needs to be confirmed by experimental and epidemiological studies. In countries where prevalence of HBV infection is 1% or more, it may be prudent to screen patients with NHL for occult HBV infection.
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Newsome SD, Johnson E, Pardo C, McArthur JC, Nath A. Fulminant encephalopathy with basal ganglia hyperintensities in HIV-infected drug users. Neurology 2011; 76:787-94. [PMID: 21357830 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31820e7b4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define a clinical syndrome associated with active drug abuse in HIV-infected individuals. METHODS We performed a retrospective review to identify individuals treated at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1993 to 2008 who were HIV-infected and were actively abusing drugs and had bilateral basal ganglia lesions on MRI. They were identified using a key word search in the radiology database, autopsy database, and the Moore HIV clinic database. Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings were correlated to define the syndrome. RESULTS Ten individuals were identified who presented with a change in mental status or seizures, used cocaine or cocaine with heroin, had uncontrolled HIV infection (>190,000 copies/mL of plasma), elevated CSF protein (63-313 mg/dL), and diffuse hyperintense bilateral basal ganglia lesions on imaging. The majority of patients (8/10) had renal failure and despite supportive therapy most (7/9) ultimately died (median survival 21 days). Postmortem examination in one individual showed the presence of overwhelming microglial activation in the basal ganglia. The 2 surviving individuals were started on combined antiretroviral therapy (CART) during hospitalization. CONCLUSION We describe a unique clinical syndrome of a fulminant encephalopathy associated with primarily basal ganglia involvement in HIV-infected drug abusers. This syndrome is a rare but serious condition that is associated with a high mortality rate. Early CART institution may be useful and neuroprotective in this disorder, although this requires further investigation.
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Giovannoni G, Nath A. After the storm: Neurofilament levels as a surrogate endpoint for neuroaxonal damage. Neurology 2011; 76:1200-1. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182143345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kuzmann E, Homonnay Z, Mylonakis A, Yin H, Wei Y, Kovács K, Kubuki S, Klencsár Z, Vértes A, Nath A. Mössbauer study of oxygen adducts in solid Fe(II) phthalocyanines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/217/1/012029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Podila R, Queen W, Nath A, Arantes JT, Schoenhalz AL, Fazzio A, Dalpian GM, He J, Hwu SJ, Skove MJ, Rao AM. Origin of FM ordering in pristine micro- and nanostructured ZnO. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:1383-1386. [PMID: 20196539 DOI: 10.1021/nl1001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An unexpected presence of ferromagnetic (FM) ordering in nanostructured nonmagnetic metal oxides has been reported previously. Though this property was attributed to the presence of defects, systematic experimental and theoretical studies to pinpoint its origin and mechanism are lacking. While it is widely believed that oxygen vacancies are responsible for FM ordering, surprisingly we find that annealing as-prepared samples at low temperature (high temperature) in flowing oxygen actually enhances (diminishes) the FM ordering. For these reasons, we have prepared, annealed in different environments, and measured the ensuing magnetization in micrometer and nanoscale ZnO with varying crystallinity. We further find from our magnetization measurements and ab initio calculations that a range of magnetic properties in ZnO can result, depending on the sample preparation and annealing conditions. For example, within the same ZnO sample we have observed ferro- to para- and diamagnetic responses depending on the annealing conditions. We also explored the effects of surface states on the magnetic behavior of nanoscale ZnO through detailed calculations.
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Schifitto G, Yiannoutsos CT, Ernst T, Navia BA, Nath A, Sacktor N, Anderson C, Marra CM, Clifford DB. Selegiline and oxidative stress in HIV-associated cognitive impairment. Neurology 2009; 73:1975-81. [PMID: 19890073 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c51a48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the selegiline transdermal system (STS) in reversing HIV-induced metabolic brain injury (as measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy [MRS]) and in decreasing oxidative stress, measured by CSF protein carbonyl concentration. METHODS Sixty-two subjects with HIV-associated cognitive impairment were coenrolled in a 24-week placebo-controlled study (AIDS Clinical Trial Group protocol A5090) and were randomly assigned to receive STS 3 mg/24 h, STS 6 mg/24 h, or matching placebo. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the neuropsychological z score (NPZ)-8 and NPZ-6, as well as cognitive domain scores. Subjects underwent proton MRS at study entry and weeks 12 and 24. CSF protein carbonyl was measured at baseline and week 24. RESULTS A slight increase in N-acetyl aspartate/creatine from baseline to week 24 was found in the basal ganglia (p = 0.023) and centrum semiovale (p = 0.072) of the placebo group compared with the STS groups; however, there were no significant changes when the absolute metabolite concentrations were analyzed. The levels of choline/creatine in the midfrontal cortex were also significantly higher during the week 12 visit in the combined STS groups. This persisted to the week 24 visit (p = 0.002). Evaluation of the change in NPZ-8, NPZ-6, and cognitive domain scores from baseline to weeks 12 and 24 revealed no significant differences between treatment arms. Protein carbonyl analysis revealed no significant changes among the groups. CONCLUSION In this 24-week study, the selegiline transdermal system (STS) had no effect on either magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) metabolites or oxidative stress, as measured by CSF protein carbonyl concentration. The lack of effect on these biomarkers is also reflected in the lack of cognitive improvement in the STS groups compared to placebo. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that STS had no effect on either MRS metabolites or oxidative stress, as measured by CSF protein carbonyl concentration over a period of 24 weeks.
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Nath A, Sitruk-Ware R. Different cardiovascular effects of progestins according to structure and activity. Climacteric 2009; 12 Suppl 1:96-101. [DOI: 10.1080/13697130902905757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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83
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Nath A, Sitruk-Ware R. Pharmacology and clinical applications of selective estrogen receptor modulators. Climacteric 2009; 12:188-205. [PMID: 19387883 DOI: 10.1080/13697130802657896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Compounds that can be described as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have expanded dramatically over the past two decades. The ability of SERMs to act as estrogens in certain tissues while remaining inert or acting as an anti-estrogen in other tissues has opened up opportunities for treating specific estrogen-modulated diseases without accepting the risk of systemic estrogen activity. SERM development has resulted in significant therapeutic advances for breast cancer, osteoporosis and potentially other diseases associated with the menopause. After the publication of the Women's Health Initiative, interest in compound selectivity that reduces menopausal symptoms while protecting bone, breast, uterus and the heart has increased. Future SERMs may also have a therapeutic profile that can be tailored to specific patient populations, including men. This review paper summarizes the characteristics of different SERMs from various pharmacological categories and the feasibility and scope of their use for a large range of disease/health conditions.
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Tan K, Roda R, Ostrow L, McArthur J, Nath A. PML-IRIS in patients with HIV infection: clinical manifestations and treatment with steroids. Neurology 2009; 72:1458-64. [PMID: 19129505 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000343510.08643.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection that develops in immunosuppressed patients with HIV infection. Paradoxically, some of these patients may develop PML during combined antiretroviral therapy in the setting of immune reconstitution. We describe the types of PML in relation to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and the effects of steroid use in these patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of the literature (1998 to 2007) and of all HIV-infected patients diagnosed with PML-IRIS at Johns Hopkins Hospital (2004 to 2007). We recorded information on clinical features, microbiologic and virological analysis, neuroimaging, pathology, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS Of 54 patients with PML-IRIS, 36 developed PML and IRIS simultaneously (PML-s-IRIS) and 18 had worsening of preexisting PML (PML-d-IRIS) after the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy. PML-IRIS developed between 1 week and 26 months after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. PML-d-IRIS patients developed IRIS earlier, had higher lesion loads on MRI of the brain, had shorter durations of survival, and had higher mortality rate compared to PML-s-IRIS patients. Twelve patients received treatment with steroids, of which five died and seven showed good neurologic recovery. Patients who survived had received steroids early after IRIS diagnosis for longer durations and had contrast enhancement on IRIS neuroimaging. CONCLUSIONS Immune reconstitution following initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy may lead to activation of an inflammatory response to detectable or latent JC virus infection. Early and prolonged treatment with steroids may be useful in these patients but requires further investigation.
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Nath A, Garg S, Deb S, Ray A, Kaur R. Profile of behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases in an urban setting in New Delhi. Indian J Public Health 2009; 53:28-30. [PMID: 19806825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of behavioural risk factors of non communicable diseases among urban adult population. The study participants included 531 adults residing in Mata Sundari road, which is an urban colony in New Delhi. They were interviewed using the WHO STEPS 1 questionnaire on lifestyle factors. Smoking prevalence was found to be 18.4% out of which over three fourth smoked more than one packet of cigarettes per day. Almost one third of known hypertensive patients were not on any treatment regimen. 80.6% did not undertake any kind of physical activity. 43% consumed only one serving of green vegetable in a day while 58% included fruits as a part of diet only once or twice in a week. There is a need to develop strong community based lifestyle behavioural intervention programs.
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Tan K, Hammond ER, Kerr D, Nath A. Fibrocartilaginous embolism: a cause of acute ischemic myelopathy. Spinal Cord 2008; 47:643-5. [DOI: 10.1038/sc.2008.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tan K, Patel S, Gandhi N, Chow F, Rumbaugh J, Nath A. Burden of neuroinfectious diseases on the neurology service in a tertiary care center. Neurology 2008; 71:1160-6. [PMID: 18838663 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327526.71683.b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurologic infections have the potential to cause death and suffering. These disorders often go unrecognized or are misdiagnosed. There has yet not been a census of neurologic infections conducted in a hospital setting. We aimed to determine the burden of neurologic infections on the neurology service in a tertiary care center and identify challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of these infections. METHODS We reviewed retrospectively all inpatients diagnosed with any neuroinfectious disease evaluated at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions between October 2004 and December 2005. We recorded information on hospital admission, clinical features, microbiologic analysis, neuroimaging, EEG, pathology, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS A total of 116 of 4,225 patients admitted to or consulted on by the neurology service were identified. Eighty percent of patients were aged between 18 and 65 years. Fifty-two patients were immunocompromised, of which 28 patients had HIV infection. Overall, 86 microbiologic agents were identified in 80 patients. The commonest causes were viral, followed by bacterial and fungal infections. However, 31% of patients remained without an identifiable microbiologic etiology. Hospitalization periods were long, with 43% of patients staying beyond 2 weeks. There was significant morbidity: 28% of patients required rehabilitation or long-term care, and 12% died. CONCLUSIONS Neurologic infections have a major socioeconomic impact because they result in prolonged hospitalizations, expensive diagnostic tests and treatments, and long-term debilitation or death in young patients. Though potentially curable conditions, the burden of undiagnosed infections remains high.
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Nath A, Dixit M, Bandiya A, Chavda S, Desai AJ. Enhanced PHB production and scale up studies using cheese whey in fed batch culture of Methylobacterium sp. ZP24. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:5749-5755. [PMID: 18032031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2007] [Revised: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Methylobacterium sp. ZP24 produced polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from disaccharides like lactose and sucrose. As Methylobacterium sp. ZP24 showed growth associated PHB production, an intermittent feeding strategy having lactose and ammonium sulfate at varying concentration was used towards reaching higher yield of the polymer. About 1.5-fold increase in PHB production was obtained by this intermittent feeding strategy. Further increase in PHB production by 0.8-fold could be achieved by limiting the dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the fermenter. The decreased DO is thought to increase flux of acetyl CO-A towards PHB accumulation over TCA cycle. Cheese whey, a dairy waste product and being a rich source of utilizable sugar and other nutrients, when used in the bioreactor as a main substrate replacing the lactose, led to further increase in the PHB production by 2.5-fold. A total of 4.58-fold increase in the PHB production was obtained using limiting DO conditions with processed cheese whey supplemented with ammonium sulfate in fed batch culture of Methylobacterium sp. ZP24. The present investigation therefore reflects on the possibility of developing a cheap biological route for production of green thermoplastics.
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Abstract
Headache in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may indicate life-threatening illnesses such as opportunistic infections or neoplasms. Alternatively, such patients may develop benign self-limiting headaches. Hence, defining the various types of headache in these patients is essential for proper management. This study describes the clinical characteristics of primary headaches occurring in a group of HIV-infected patients. Of 115 patients seen from 1990 to 1996, 44 (38%) had headaches. Primary headaches were present in 29 (66%) patients and secondary causes were identified in 15 (34%). Among those with primary headaches, migraine occurred in 22 (76%), tension-type headache in 4 (14%), and cluster headache in 3 (10%) patients. Half of those with migraine (n=ll), 1 patient with tension-type headache, and 1 patient with cluster headache developed chronic daily headaches which were severe and refractory to conventional headache or antiretroviral therapy. We conclude that primary headaches in patients with HIV infection are: (1) the commonest type of headache; (2) may present for the first time in individuals with severe immunosuppression; (3) usually bear no relationship to antiretroviral drug therapy; (4) polypharmacy, depression, anxiety, and insomnia are commonly associated comorbidities; (5) frequently do not respond to conventional management and carry a poor prognosis; and (6) do not require neuroradiological and/or cerebrospinal fluid evaluations.
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Nath A, Chattopadhyay P. Effect of process parameters and soy flour concentration on quality attributes and microstructural changes in ready-to-eat potato–soy snack using high-temperature short time air puffing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hammoud DA, Endres C, Uzuner O, Hammond E, Kaplin A, Nath A, Pomper M. Imaging of the serotonin transporter in depressed HIV-positive patients using [11C]DASB-PET. Neuroimage 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.04.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Li W, Malpica-Llanos TM, Gundry R, Cotter RJ, Sacktor N, McArthur J, Nath A. Nitrosative stress with HIV dementia causes decreased L-prostaglandin D synthase activity. Neurology 2007; 70:1753-62. [PMID: 18077799 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000282761.19578.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders is increasing as HIV-infected individuals are living longer. The clinical manifestations of the syndrome also continue to evolve under the influence of antiretroviral drugs and comorbidities such as drugs of abuse. However, there are no surrogate markers for the disease, either to identify it de novo or to track its progression, and there is no proven treatment with the exception of antiretroviral drugs. METHODS Levels of nitric oxide, nitrate, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT)-modified proteins were measured in the CSF of 46 patients with HIV infection stratified according to their neurocognitive status and history of IV drug use (IVD). The 3-NT-modified proteins were isolated and identified by tandem mass spectrometry, and the functional consequence of 3-NT modification of L-prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS), the most abundant protein, was determined. RESULTS 3-NT-modified proteins were significantly elevated in patients with HIV infection who had progressive neurocognitive decline over the next 6 months and in patients with a history of IVD. Thirteen different proteins with 3-NT modification were identified in the CSF of these patients. L-PGDS was the most abundant. 3-NT modification of this protein resulted in loss of its enzymatic activity. CONCLUSIONS There is increased nitrosative stress in CSF of HIV-infected patients with active dementia and in patients with a history of IV drug use, measurement of which may serve as a surrogate marker for these patients. Nitrosative stress may also have important functional consequences and may impact the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
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Wojna V, Skolasky R, McArthur J, Maldonado E, Hechavarria R, Mayo R, Selnes O, Ginebra T, de la Torre T, Garcia H, Kraiselburd E, Melendez-Guerrero L, Zorrilla C, Nath A. Spanish validation of the HIV dementia scale in women. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2007; 21:930-41. [PMID: 18154490 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2006.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection is increasing in minority groups, particularly in African American and Hispanic women. Although the incidence of HIV dementia has decreased since the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, prevalence of neurocognitive complications has increased as patients are now living longer. This study's purpose was to determine the psychometric properties of the Spanish-language HIV Dementia Scale (HDS) in a group of HIV-infected women. We recruited 96 women: 60 HIV-seropositive and 36 HIV-seronegative. Modification of the HDS into a Spanish-language version consisted of translating the instructions, substituting four words in Spanish (gato, media, azul, piña), increasing 1 second in the psychomotor speed because the Spanish alphabet has more letters than the English alphabet, and not offering clues for memory recall. Cognitive impairment (CI) was defined according to the modified American Academy of Neurology HIV-dementia criteria including an asymptomatic CI group. Statistical analysis consisted of analysis of variance to determine group differences and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) to determine the optimal cutoff point for the screening of CI. HDS-Spanish total score and subscores for psychomotor speed and memory recall showed significant differences between HIV-seronegative and women with HIV-dementia (p < 0.001) and between HIV-seropositive women with normal cognition and those with HIV-dementia (p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff point of 13 or less had performance characteristics of 87% sensitivity and 46% specificity for HIV-associated CI (50.0% positive predictive value, 85.0% negative predictive value). The HDS-Spanish translation offers a useful screening tool with value for the identification of Hispanic women at risk of developing HIV-associated symptomatic neurocognitive disturbances.
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Venkatesan A, Nath A, Ming GL, Song H. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: regulation by HIV and drugs of abuse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2007; 64:2120-32. [PMID: 17530169 PMCID: PMC11138422 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-7063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
New dentate granule cells are continuously generated from neural progenitor cells and integrated into the existing hippocampal circuitry in the adult mammalian brain through an orchestrated process termed adult neurogenesis. While the exact function remains elusive, adult neurogenesis has been suggested to play important roles in specific cognitive functions. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is regulated by a variety of physiological and pathological stimulations. Here we review emerging evidence showing that HIV infection and several drugs of abuse result in molecular changes that may affect different aspects of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. These new findings raise the possibility that cognitive dysfunction in the setting of HIV infection or drug abuse may, in part, be related to alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis. A better understanding of how HIV and drugs of abuse affect both molecular and cellular aspects of adult neurogenesis may lead to development of more effective therapeutic interventions for these interlinked epidemics.
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Datta S, Bhattacharyya D, Ray PD, Nath A, Toborek M. Effect of Pre‐Filtration on Selective Isolation of Tat Protein by Affinity Membrane Separation: Analysis of Flux, Separation Efficiency, and Processing Time. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390701477121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nath A, Chattopadhyay P, Majumdar G. High temperature short time air puffed ready-to-eat (RTE) potato snacks: Process parameter optimization. J FOOD ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sharma KK, Dubey JK, Deka SC, Chandrasekaran S, Gupta P, Kumar A, Devi MJ, Singh B, Baruah AALH, Kennedy JS, Sharma ID, Patyal SK, Nath A. Dissipation kinetics of spiromesifen on tea (Camellia sinensis) under tropical conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 68:790-6. [PMID: 17307225 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Spiromesifen (Oberon) is a new insecticide and miticide of chemical class ketoenol active against white flies (Bemisia spp., Trialeuroides spp.) and spider mites (Tetranychus and Panonychus spp.). Due to its potential significance in insect resistance management, it is important to establish its behaviour on crop and environment. In the present study, the degradation/dissipation of spiromesifen on tea crop under tropical environmental conditions was studied and its DT(50) (t(1/2)), and DT(90) (time to reduce to 90% of the initial value) were estimated. Spiromesifen was sprayed on tea crop after first rain flush at four different locations @ 96 and 192ga.i.ha(-1). Samples of tea leaves were drawn at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 21 and 30 days after treatment and that of soil at 10 days after treatment and at harvest from 0 to 15 and 15 to 30cm layers. After crude extraction of tea leaves for spiromesifen residues with acetone:water, the contents were partitioned with cyclohexane:ethyl acetate and cleaned up on Florosil column. Soil residues were also extracted similarly. Quantification of residues was done on GC-MS in Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode in mass range 271-274m/z. The LOQ of this method was found to be 0.05microgg(-1) while LOD being 0.015microgg(-1). The DT(50) of spiromesifen when applied at recommended doses in tea leaves was found to be 5.0-8.5 days. Ninety-nine percent degradation was found to occur within 33-57 days after application. In soil, no residues of spiromesifen were detectable 10 days after treatment.
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Nath A, Chattopadhyay P. Optimization of oven toasting for improving crispness and other quality attributes of ready to eat potato-soy snack using response surface methodology. J FOOD ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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