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Fletcher S, Waterman H, Nelson L, Carter L, Dwyer L, Roberts C, Torgerson D, Kitchener H. Holistic assessment of women with hyperemesis gravidarum: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wold B, Littlecott H, Tynjälä J, Samdal O, Moore L, Roberts C, Kannas L, Villberg J, Aarø LE. Changes from 1986 to 2006 in reasons for liking leisure-time physical activity among adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015. [PMID: 26220306 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reasons for participating in physical activity (PA) may have changed in accordance with the general modernization of society. The aim is to examine changes in self-reported reasons for liking leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and their association with self-reported LTPA over a 20-year period. Data were collected among nationally representative samples of 13-year-olds in Finland, Norway, and Wales in 1986 and 2006 (N = 9252) as part of the WHO cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Univariate ANOVAs to establish differences according to gender, year, and country were conducted. In all countries, 13-year-olds in 2006 tended to report higher importance in terms of achievement and social reasons than their counterparts in 1986, while changes in health reasons were minor. These reasons were associated with LTPA in a similar way at both time points. Health reasons for liking LTPA were considered most important, and were the strongest predictor of LTPA. The findings seem robust as they were consistent across countries and genders. Health education constitutes the most viable strategy for promoting adolescents' motivation for PA, and interventions and educational efforts could be improved by an increased focus on LTPA and sport as a social activity.
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Roberts C, Guillard G, Bowes M, O'Connor R, Maguire N, Morgan A, Parker G, Hodgson R, Vital E, Bird P, Vincent G, Emery P, Conaghan P. SAT0601 A Novel, Fully 3-Dimensional Dynamic Contrast MRI Method in the Hand Reveals Details of Synovial Inflammation and Provides a Sensitive Measure of Change. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.6400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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79
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Lawley C, Lain S, Algert C, Sholler G, Winlaw D, Roberts C, Figtree G. An exploration of the health outcomes of children who have undergone a cardiac procedure in the first year of life. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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80
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Goodall M, Barton GR, Bower P, Byrne P, Cade JE, Capewell S, Cleghorn CL, Kennedy LA, Martindale AM, Roberts C, Woolf S, Gabbay MB. Food for thought: pilot randomized controlled trial of lay health trainers supporting dietary change to reduce cardiovascular disease in deprived communities. J Public Health (Oxf) 2014; 36:635-43. [PMID: 24277778 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdt112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 30% of UK deaths. It is associated with modifiable lifestyle factors, including insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables (F&V). Lay health trainers (LHTs) offer practical support to help people develop healthier behaviour and lifestyles. Our two-group pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the effectiveness of LHTs at promoting a heart-healthy lifestyle among adults with at least one risk factor for CVD to inform a full-scale RCT. METHODS Eligible adults (aged 21-78 years), recruited from five practices serving deprived populations, were randomized to health information leaflets plus LHTs' support for 3 months (n = 76) versus health information leaflets alone (n = 38). RESULTS We recruited 114 participants, with 60% completing 6 month follow-up. Both groups increased their self-reported F&V consumption and we found no evidence for LHTs' support having significant added impact. Most participants were relatively less deprived, as were the LHTs we were able to recruit and train. CONCLUSIONS Our pilot demonstrated that an LHT's RCT whilst feasible faces considerable challenges. However, to justify growing investment in LHTs, any behaviour changes and sustained impact on those at greatest need should be demonstrated in an independently evaluated, robust, fully powered RCT.
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Green J, Biehal N, Roberts C, Dixon J, Kay C, Parry E, Rothwell J, Roby A, Kapadia D, Scott S, Sinclair I. Authors' reply. Br J Psychiatry 2014; 205:498-9. [PMID: 25452605 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.205.6.498b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ruparel M, Lopez-Campos J, Pozo-Rodriguez F, Castro-Acosta A, Hartl S, Roberts C. S106 Review Of European Copd Audit Data: Factors Affecting Length Of Stay. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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83
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Roberts C, Chagoya G, Nanni C, Kwatra M. NT-29 * UPREGULATION OF BETA-CATENIN IN PATIENT-DERIVED GLIOBLASTOMA XENOGRAFTS EXPRESSING EGFRvIII. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou265.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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84
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Roberts C. HEART DISEASE AND ALPORT SYNDROME: MERGING INSIGHT WITH COMPASSION. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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85
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Bedient C, Rodriguez D, Roberts C, Sidell N, Schutte S. The role of monocytes in endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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86
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Blose M, Roberts C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. A-18 * SPECT Imaging Differences in Adults versus Older Adults with Dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Roberts C, Blose M, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. A-77 * SPECT Imaging Differences in Adult Males versus Adult Females with Dementia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Messerly J, Link J, Hayhurst H, Roberts C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. C-19 * A Preliminary Investigation of SPECT Differences between Individuals with Varying Levels of Anxiety. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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89
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Rogers D, Evans B, Roberts C, Cuc A, Mittenberg W. B-49 * Neuropsychologists' Preferences for DSM-5 versus ICD-10, NINDS, or Other Diagnostic Criteria. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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90
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Roberts C, Harris P, Murray R, Cnockaert R, Roberts C. The Relationship Between Blood Lactate, Serum Muscle Enzymes, Jumping Performance and Muscle Soreness in Show-Jumping Horses. Equine Vet J 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12267_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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91
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Harris P, Roberts C, Armstrong S, Murray R, Handel I. Heart Rate Responses in Show-Jumpers Over A Three-Day Training Session. Equine Vet J 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12267_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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92
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Fishpool SJC, Stew B, Roberts C. Otolaryngology WBAs in the Wales Deanery: the first six years. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsbull.2014.96.5.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
‘The provision of excellent care for the surgical patient, delivered safely, is at the heart of the curriculum.’ 1 Workplace-based assessments (WBAs) are an integral part of the assessment component of the UK’s intercollegiate surgical curriculum. The curriculum is web-based and accessed through www.iscp.ac.uk .
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Green JM, Biehal N, Roberts C, Dixon J, Kay C, Parry E, Rothwell J, Roby A, Kapadia D, Scott S, Sinclair I. Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care for Adolescents in English care: randomised trial and observational cohort evaluation. Br J Psychiatry 2014; 204:214-21. [PMID: 24357575 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.113.131466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children in care often have poor outcomes. There is a lack of evaluative research into intervention options. AIMS To examine the efficacy of Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care for Adolescents (MTFC-A) compared with usual care for young people at risk in foster care in England. METHOD A two-arm single (assessor) blinded randomised controlled trial (RCT) embedded within an observational quasi-experimental case-control study involving 219 young people aged 11-16 years (trial registration: ISRCTN 68038570). The primary outcome was the Child Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Secondary outcomes were ratings of educational attendance, achievement and rate of offending. RESULTS The MTFC-A group showed a non-significant improvement in CGAS outcome in both the randomised cohort (n = 34, adjusted mean difference 1.3, 95% CI -7.1 to 9.7, P = 0.75) and in the trimmed observational cohort (n = 185, adjusted mean difference 0.95, 95% CI -2.38 to 4.29, P = 0.57). No significant effects were seen in secondary outcomes. There was a possible differential effect of the intervention according to antisocial behaviour. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence that the use of MTFC-A resulted in better outcomes than usual care. The intervention may be more beneficial for young people with antisocial behaviour but less beneficial than usual treatment for those without.
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Ning R, Chopp M, Zacharek A, Yan T, Zhang C, Roberts C, Lu M, Chen J. Neamine induces neuroprotection after acute ischemic stroke in type one diabetic rats. Neuroscience 2014; 257:76-85. [PMID: 24211797 PMCID: PMC3889124 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenin is a member of the ribonuclease superfamily and promotes degradation of the basement membrane and the extracellular matrix. After stroke in type one diabetes (T1DM) rats, Angiogenin is significantly increased and the Angiogenin is inversely correlated with functional outcome. Neamine, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, blocks nuclear translocation of Angiogenin, thereby abolishing the biological activity of Angiogenin. In this study, we therefore investigated the effect and underlying protective mechanisms of Neamine treatment of stroke in T1DM. METHODS T1DM was induced in male Wistar rats by streptozotocin (60mg/kg, ip), and T1DM rats were subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Neamine (10mg/kg ip) was administered at 2, 24 and 48h after the induction of embolic MCAo. A battery of functional outcome tests was performed. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and lesion volume were evaluated and immunostaining, and Western blot were performed. RESULTS Neamine treatment of stroke in T1DM rats significantly decreased BBB leakage and lesion volume as well as improved functional outcome compared to T1DM-control. Neamine also significantly decreased apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 in the ischemic brain. Using immunostaining, we found that Neamine treatment significantly decreased nuclear Angiogenin, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) activity, advanced glycation endproducts receptor (RAGE) number, the positive area of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and increased Angeopoietin-1 expression compared to T1DM-MCAo control rats. Western blot results are consistent with the immunostaining. CONCLUSION Neamine treatment of stroke is neuroprotective in T1DM rats. Inhibition of neuroinflammatory factor expression and decrease of BBB leakage may contribute to Neamine-induced neuroprotective effects after stroke in T1DM rats.
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Johnson SJ, Hardy SA, Roberts C, Bourn D, Mallick U, Perros P. Pilot of BRAF mutation analysis in indeterminate, suspicious and malignant thyroid FNA cytology. Cytopathology 2014; 25:146-54. [PMID: 24417615 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF V600E mutation has been reported to show a high specificity for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Using this marker to upgrade 'indeterminate' or 'suspicious' thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology to 'malignant' could potentially allow one-stage therapeutic total thyroidectomy. METHODS For a 14-month period, FNA cytology specimens in the Thy3-5 categories, which are the UK equivalents of indeterminate (Thy3a, atypical; Thy3f, follicular), suspicious for malignancy (Thy4) and malignant (Thy5) in the Bethesda System, underwent BRAF mutation testing by melt curve analysis. The results were correlated with histology. RESULTS We tested 123 cytology specimens of which 12 (9.8%) failed. The BRAF mutation rate in the remainder was 16.2% (18/111), with 93 showing the wild-type. Seventeen mutations were V600E and one was non-V600E. The rate of mutation increased significantly (P < 0.0001 if Thy3a and Thy3f were combined) with the cytology category: 1/42 Thy3a (2.4%), 1/36 Thy3f (2.8%), 4/15 Thy4 (26.7%), 12/18 Thy5 (66.7%). All BRAF mutations correlated with PTC on histology, except for one recurrent PTC without histology. One mutation-positive case with Thy3a cytology showed the target lesion to be a 10-mm follicular adenoma on histology with an immediately adjacent 4-mm micro-PTC, in a patient who did not require total thyroidectomy. CONCLUSION BRAF mutational analysis by melt curve analysis is feasible in routine thyroid cytology, and in our series had a 100% specificity for PTC in subsequent histology. The application of BRAF analysis could be useful for indeterminate cytology, but we suggest that it would be most appropriate and cost-effective for Thy4/suspicious cases, for which it could enable one-stage therapeutic surgery in the context of multidisciplinary discussion. In contrast, the sensitivity is low and there is no role for avoiding diagnostic thyroid surgery if wild-type BRAF is found.
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Law S, Roberts C, Kilpatrick T, Yu L, Ribaudo T, Shaner EA, Podolskiy V, Wasserman D. All-semiconductor negative-index plasmonic absorbers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:017401. [PMID: 24483930 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.017401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate epitaxially grown all-semiconductor thin-film midinfrared plasmonic absorbers and show that absorption in these structures is linked to the excitation of highly confined negative-index surface plasmon polaritons. Strong (>98%) absorption is experimentally observed, and the spectral position and intensity of the absorption resonances are studied by reflection and transmission spectroscopy. Numerical models as well as an analytical description of the excited guided modes in our structures are presented, showing agreement with experiment. The structures investigated demonstrate a wavelength-flexible, all-semiconductor, plasmonic architecture with potential for both sensing applications and enhanced interaction of midinfrared radiation with integrated semiconductor optoelectronic elements.
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Thorbinson C, Watson L, Roberts C, Beresford MW. PReS-FINAL-2290: Is an abnormal lipid profile at diagnosis related to increased disease activity in JSLE patients. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2013. [PMCID: PMC4044354 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-11-s2-p280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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98
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Clements C, Morriss R, Jones S, Peters S, Roberts C, Kapur N. Suicide in bipolar disorder in a national English sample, 1996-2009: frequency, trends and characteristics. Psychol Med 2013; 43:2593-2602. [PMID: 23510515 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291713000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been reported to be associated with high risk of suicide. We aimed to investigate the frequency and characteristics of suicide in people with BD in a national sample. METHOD Suicide in BD in England from 1996 to 2009 was explored using descriptive statistics on data collected by the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness (NCI). Suicide cases with a primary diagnosis of BD were compared to suicide cases with any other primary diagnosis. RESULTS During the study period 1489 individuals with BD died by suicide, an average of 116 cases/year. Compared to other primary diagnosis suicides, those with BD were more likely to be female, more than 5 years post-diagnosis, current/recent in-patients, to have more than five in-patient admissions, and to have depressive symptoms. In BD suicides the most common co-morbid diagnoses were personality disorder and alcohol dependence. Approximately 40% were not prescribed mood stabilizers at the time of death. More than 60% of BD suicides were in contact with services the week prior to suicide but were assessed as low risk. CONCLUSIONS Given the high rate of suicide in BD and the low estimates of risk, it is important that health professionals can accurately identify patients most likely to experience poor outcomes. Factors such as alcohol dependence/misuse, personality disorder, depressive illness and current/recent in-patient admission could characterize a high-risk group. Future studies need to operationalize clinically useful indicators of suicide risk in BD.
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Bates B, Roberts C, Sadler K, Sutton R, Gill V, Nicholson S, Steer T, Lennox A. Capturing what the United Kingdom (UK) eats with the National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Eur J Public Health 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckt123.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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100
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duManoir C, Roberts C. One Stop Information Shop: Unit-Based Sharepoint Sites for Acute Care Teams. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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