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Nilsson C, Hansson A, Nilsson G. Influence of thyroid hormones on satellite association in man and the origin of chromosome abnormalities. Hereditas 2009; 80:157-66. [PMID: 1184401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1975.tb01514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Nilsson C, Dahlström J, Nordlund M, Borres M, Lilja G. IgE-Sensitization and Prediction of Allergic Disease Among Pre-scool Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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78
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Cerveny CG, Grosmaire L, Nilsson C, Bader R, Wahl A, Kicknosway L, Simon A, Brady W, Kennedy M, Baum P. In vitro and in vivo anti-B cell lymphoma activities of TRU-016. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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79
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Telezhenko E, Bergsten C, Magnusson M, Ventorp M, Nilsson C. Effect of Different Flooring Systems on Weight and Pressure Distribution on Claws of Dairy Cows. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:1874-84. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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80
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Saghafian-Hedengren S, Holmlund U, Amoudruz P, Nilsson C, Sverremark-Ekström E. Maternal allergy influences p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase activity upon microbial challenge in CD14+ monocytes from 2-year-old children. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:449-57. [PMID: 18177491 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of allergic diseases is dependent on genetic and environmental factors. It has been shown previously that cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) from infants with parental allergy have altered cytokine profiles upon bacterial encounter; it might be possible that such impairment persists during the early years of childhood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate anti-microbial responses with regard to p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in CD14(+) monocytes and IL-6 release from mononuclear cells in the same group of children at birth and at 2 years of age. Methods Paired samples of CBMCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan in vitro. CD14(+) monocytes were analysed for p38-MAPK activity by flow cytometry, and soluble IL-6 receptor, soluble glycoprotein130 and IL-6 release from PBMC cultures were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS CBMCs from newborns with allergic mothers tended to have a lower IL-6 response following an LPS (P=0.09) challenge compared with the group without maternal allergy while p38-MAPK activation levels did not differ between the groups. PBMCs from 2-year-olds with allergic mothers released significantly less (P<0.05) IL-6 upon peptidoglycan stimuli compared with age-matched infants with non-allergic mothers. Infants with allergic mothers displayed markedly reduced CD14(+) monocyte p38-MAPK phosphorylation after LPS (P<0.05) and peptidoglycan (P<0.01) challenge. This altered anti-microbial response was attributed to maternal allergy rather than to being IgE-sensitized at 2 years of age. CONCLUSION Monocytes from children with allergic mothers are less responsive to bacterial challenge than monocytes from children with non-allergic mothers, and this impairment persists during the first 2 years of infancy.
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Mellgren K, Nilsson C, Fasth A, Abrahamsson J, Winiarski J, Ringdén O, Hassan M. Safe administration of oral BU twice daily during conditioning for stem cell transplantation in a paediatric population: a comparative study between the standard 4-dose and a 2-dose regimen. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007; 41:621-5. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sundström Y, Nilsson C, Lilja G, Kärre K, Troye-Blomberg M, Berg L. The expression of human natural killer cell receptors in early life. Scand J Immunol 2007; 66:335-44. [PMID: 17635811 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2007.01980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in tumour immunosurveillance and the early defence against viral infections. Recognition of altered cells (i.e. infected- or tumour-cells) is achieved through a multiple receptor recognition strategy which gives the NK cells inhibitory or activating signals depending on the ligands present on the target cell. NK cells originate from the bone marrow where they develop and proliferate. However, further maturation processes and homeostasis of NK cells in peripheral blood are not well understood. To determine the proportions of cells and the expression of NK cell receptors, mononuclear cells from children at three time points during early childhood were compared, i.e. cord blood (CB), 2 and 5 years of age. The proportion of NK cells was high in CB, but the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production low compared to later in life. In contrast, the proportion of T cells was low in CB. This may indicate a deviation of the regulatory function of NK cells in CB compared to later in life, implying an importance of innate immunity in early life before the adaptive immune system matures. Additionally, we found that the proportion of LIR-1(+) NK cells increased with increasing age while CD94(+)NKG2C(-) (NKG2A(+)) NK cells and the level of expression of NKG2D, NKp30 and NKp46 decreased with age. These age related changes in NK cell populations defined by the expression of activating and inhibitory receptors may be the result of pathogen exposure and/or a continuation of the maturation process that begins in the bone marrow.
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Cerveny C, Grosmaire L, Espling E, Bader R, Nilsson C, Baum P, Wahl A, Ledbetter J, Hayden-Ledbetter M. Depletion of Normal and Malignant B cells with a CD37-specific SMIP molecule. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3063 Background: CD37 is a member of the tetraspanin family expressed at high levels by normal mature B cells and by most B cell malignancies. Previously, an antibody to CD37 has been labeled with 131I and tested in clinical trials for therapy of NHL. Treatment with 131I-MB-1, resulted in durable tumor remissions in patients lasting from 4 to 11 months (Press OW, Eary JF, Badger CC, et al. Treatment of refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with radiolabeled MB-1 (anti-CD37) antibody. J Clin Oncol. 1989;7:1027–1038). Here we assess the functional properties and therapeutic potential of a small modular immunopharmaceutical (SMIP) targeting CD37. Methods: Growth arrest and apoptosis of B lymphoma cell lines was assessed. ADCC activity was evaluated using BJAB targets and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) effectors. Drug-drug interactions were assessed by the Combination Index method. In vivo studies were performed utilizing established human B cell tumor xenografts in nude mice. Results: A CD37-directed SMIP drug candidate mediated growth arrest, apoptosis and ADCC, but not CDC, towards B lymphoma cell lines. The protein showed significant anti-tumor activity in a mouse xenograft model, and selectively depleted normal human B cells in short term cultures of PBMC. When combined with rituximab, the molecule increased apoptosis, C1q binding, and C’ dependent target cell death in vitro, and increased anti-tumor activity in vivo in a xenograft model. Conclusions: In vitro and in vivo characterization of the CD37-targeted SMIP drug suggest a potent capacity to eliminate target cells through combined effects of direct target cell signaling and effector cell recruitment. CD37-mediated growth was synergistic with standard chemotherapies in vitro and showed additive in vivo activity with CD20-targeted therapy. On the basis of these data CD37-directed SMIP therapy is being developed for clinical evaluation against B cell malignancies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Nygren U, Ramebäck H, Nilsson C. Age determination of plutonium using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-006-6780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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85
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Nilsson C, Asplund A, Schagerlöf H, Melander C, Andersen A, Tjerneld F, Cohen A, Gorton L. Studies of the separation and characterisation of mixtures of starch and cellulose derivatives by use of chromatography and mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:2045-55. [PMID: 17252221 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work a method was developed for characterisation of commercially available polymers consisting of mixtures of substituted cellulose and starch. Selective hydrolysis with specific enzymes was used to achieve separation of the two polymers in the mixture. Enzymes hydrolysing (1-->4)-alpha-D and (1-->6)-alpha-D-glycosidic bonds were used for the starch part and enzymes hydrolysing (1-->4)-beta-D-glycosidic bonds for the cellulose part. The hydrolysed fraction was separated from the unhydrolysed fraction and characterised by use of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), to confirm that enzyme hydrolysis of the different polymers had occurred. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) was performed to determine the amount of unmodified glucose units (UGU) in the fractions. Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESIMS) was used for determination of the substituents. All products were converted to monomers by acid hydrolysis to simplify mass spectral identification of the substituents. The monomers were further subjected to acetylation with acetic acid anhydride to facilitate identification of the substituents. By combining the results from the different analytical techniques a picture of the samples was obtained.
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Fuchs J, Nilsson C, Kachergus J, Munz M, Larsson EM, Schüle B, Langston JW, Middleton FA, Ross OA, Hulihan M, Gasser T, Farrer MJ. Phenotypic variation in a large Swedish pedigree due toSNCAduplication and triplication. Neurology 2007; 68:916-22. [PMID: 17251522 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000254458.17630.c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "Lister family complex," an extensive Swedish family with autosomal dominant Parkinson disease, was first described by Henry Mjönes in 1949. On the basis of clinical, molecular, and genealogic findings on a Swedish and an American family branch, we provide genetic evidence that explains the parkinsonism in this extended pedigree. METHODS Clinical methods included a detailed neurologic exam of the proband of the Swedish family branch, MRI, and ([123]I)-beta-CIT SPECT imaging. Genomic analysis included alpha-synuclein sequencing, SNCA real-time PCR dosage, chromosome 4q21 microsatellite analysis, and high-resolution microarray genotyping. The geographic origin and ancestral genealogy of each pedigree were researched in the medical literature and Swedish Parish records. RESULTS The proband of the Swedish family branch presented with early dysautonomia followed by progressive parkinsonism suggestive of multiple system atrophy. Molecular analysis identified a genomic duplication of <0.9 Mb encompassing alpha-synuclein and multimerin 1 (SNCA-MMRN1), flanked by long interspersed repeat sequences (LINE L1). Microsatellite variability within the genomic interval was identical to that previously described for a Swedish American family with an alpha-synuclein triplication. Subsequent genealogic investigation suggested that both kindreds are ancestrally related to the Lister family complex. CONCLUSION Our findings extend clinical, genetic, and genealogical research on the Lister family complex. The genetic basis for familial parkinsonism is an SNCA-MMRN11 multiplication, but whereas SNCA-MMRN1 duplication in the Swedish proband (Branch J) leads to late-onset autonomic dysfunction and parkinsonism, SNCA-MMRN1 triplication in the Swedish American family (Branch I) leads to early-onset Parkinson disease and dementia.
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Nilsson C, Markenroth Bloch K, Brockstedt S, Lätt J, Widner H, Larsson EM. Tracking the neurodegeneration of parkinsonian disorders--a pilot study. Neuroradiology 2007; 49:111-9. [PMID: 17200869 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-006-0165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the possibilities of using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography (DTT) for the differential diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), compared with the atypical parkinsonian disorders multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). A 3.0-T MR scanner was used. DTI was acquired using a single-shot EPI sequence with diffusion encoding in 32 directions and a voxel size of 2 x 2 x 2 mm3. DTI data were analysed and DTT was performed using the PRIDE fibre tracking tool supplied by the manufacturer. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) within each tract were determined. DTI and DTT images in patients with moderate to advanced MSA demonstrated degeneration of the middle cerebellar peduncles and pontine crossing tracts, with decreased FA and increased ADC. This accounted for most of the pontine and cerebellar atrophy characteristic of this disease. In contrast, patients with PSP showed a selective degeneration of the superior cerebellar peduncle. Three-dimensional images of whole-brain white matter tracts demonstrated a reduction of cortical projection fibres in all patients with PSP. Visualization of the selective degeneration of individual fibre tracts, using DTI and DTT, adds qualitative data facilitating the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. Repeated measurements of FA and ADC values in a whole fibre tract might be used for monitoring disease progression and studying the effect of treatment in neuroprotective trials. The results are preliminary considering the small number of subjects in the study.
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Eriksson B, Van Westen D, Lätt J, Brockstedt S, Markenroth Block K, Nilsson C. 3.105 Diffusion tensor tractography of the frontopontine tract in parkinsonian disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Puschmann A, Nilsson C. 2.114 The “Lister family”: An extended pedigree with alpha-synuclein multiplications and Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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90
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Soderstrom L, Nordlund M, Nilsson C, Lilja G. Low Values of Allergen Specific IgE Antibodies are Clinically Useful and Give Predictive Information for Very Young Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
While preterm contractions occur almost as often extremely preterm as they do closer to term, birth due to spontaneous preterm labour before 27 weeks of gestation is rare, accounting for 0.05-0.7% of all births in different populations. Although the likelihood that uterine contractions before 27 weeks of gestation represent true preterm labour is low, the risk of adverse outcome in such cases is high. A correct diagnosis is important, and a useful diagnostic test should have a high sensitivity. In most reports, only 30-40% of women hospitalised for spontaneous preterm labour experience a preterm birth, suggesting a low positive predictive value of clinical diagnosis based on uterine contractions and vaginal examination. Transvaginal ultrasonographic scanning (TVUSS) of cervical length has shown a high sensitivity for preterm birth, 90-100% for preterm birth before 33-35 weeks, using a liberal cutoff at 30 mm. Assessment of cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (FFN) levels has shown a sensitivity of about 80%. Adding FFN assessment to TVUSS might contribute insignificantly to the prediction of preterm birth. In a retrospective study of 147 women with spontaneous preterm labour and intact membranes before 27 weeks in our department, 61% of hospitalised women and 77% of women receiving tocolytic infusion therapy delivered before 32 weeks. Among 66 singleton pregnancies delivered before 32 weeks, at admission, 94% either had an effaced cervix or cervix with >/=2 cm dilation (74%), vaginal bleeding (61%) or serum C-reactive protein level >20 mg/l (40%), whereas one of these findings only was present in 18% of women who delivered at later gestations. Among 132 women with symptoms of spontaneous preterm contractions before 27 weeks not admitted for hospital care, only 2 (1.5%) delivered before 32 weeks, not significantly higher than for all other women (0.6%). Although TVUSS may be useful when the diagnosis of spontaneous preterm labour is in doubt, the main predicament in early spontaneous preterm labour may not be to predict preterm birth but to prevent it, since many women appear in advanced labour or with manifest chorioamnionitis.
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von Mackensen S, Nilsson C, Jankovic M, Mirra N, D'Angelo E, Borkhardt A, Ljung R. Development of a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for children & adolescents with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP-QoL). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006; 47:688-91. [PMID: 16933256 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.20977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Quality of life (QoL) assessment in children with coagulation disorders is a relatively unstudied area. While hemophilia-specific questionnaires (such as Haemo-QoL) are available, no instrument for children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has been validated yet. A disease-specific questionnaire for children with ITP was therefore developed (ITP-QoL) in three phases: (a) a preparatory phase; (b) a developmental phase; (c) a pilot testing phase. Since dimensions of Haemo-QoL were considered important for children with ITP, items were adapted, reformulated and additional dimensions were included. Two age-group versions were designed for children (aged 3-7, 8-18 years) and parents in Italian, German, and Swedish languages and were pilot tested.
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Avetisyan G, Larsson K, Aschan J, Nilsson C, Hassan M, Ljungman P. Impact on the cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load by CMV-specific T-cell immunity in recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 38:687-92. [PMID: 17001346 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Patients experience cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation after stem cell transplantation (SCT) and need repeated courses of pre-emptive therapy. Analysis of CMV-specific immunity might help to assess the need for antiviral therapy. Forty-eight patients were studied during the first 3 months after SCT. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated by CMV antigen, and interferon (INF)-gamma production by CD3+ and CD4+ T cells was analysed. Results were correlated to transplant factors and CMV disease. Patients with INF-gamma production by CD3+ cells at 4 weeks after SCT had lower peak viral loads than patients with no such production (P=0.03). There was a similar tendency as regards CD4+ cells (P=0.09). Patients who underwent reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) more frequently had CD3+ (48%) and CD4+ immunity (56%) 4 weeks after SCT compared with patients who received myeloablative conditioning (CD3+ 25%; CD4+ 35%). There was no effect of stem cell source, donor type or acute graft-versus-host disease. Three of 48 patients developed CMV disease and none of them had detectable INF-gamma production. CMV-specific T-cell response is associated with a lower rate of CMV replication. RIC results in improved T-cell reconstitution. Recovery of CMV-specific immunity might be delayed in patients with CMV disease. These observations suggest that detection of CMV-specific T-cells is useful in assessing the immunity against CMV.
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Larsson AK, Nilsson C, Höglind A, Sverremark-Ekström E, Lilja G, Troye-Blomberg M. Relationship between maternal and child cytokine responses to allergen and phytohaemagglutinin 2 years after delivery. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 144:401-8. [PMID: 16734608 PMCID: PMC1941981 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known at present about the relation between parental and child cytokine profiles. In this study we aimed to investigate the cytokine profile of 2-year-old children and their corresponding mothers, 2 years after delivery. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from IgE-sensitized (n=15) and non-esitized (n=58) 2-year-old children and their mothers. The responses to ovalbumin, cat and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were investigated using the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) technique. Interferon (IFN)-gamma-, interleukin (IL)-4-, IL-10- and IL-12-producing cells were enumerated. At 2 years of age, IgE-sensitized children exhibited increased numbers of IL-4-producing cells in response to PHA and also showed an increase in IL-10- and IL-12-producing cells to allergen that was more pronounced in response to ovalbumin than to cat. A statistically significant increase in the numbers of IFN-gamma-, IL-10- and IL-12-producing cells to the allergens, but not to PHA, was found in the mothers of IgE-sensitized children irrespective of their own atopic status. IgE levels and cytokine responses were correlated between the mothers and their children, indicating that cytokine responses to both allergen and PHA might be governed by genetic factors. We speculate that the increased cytokine response to allergen, as opposed to the allergic status of the mother, might be a better predictor and/or a risk factor for the child to develop IgE-sensitization in early life.
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Barone DS, Nilsson C, Ledbetter J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Mohler K. Efficacy of SMIP-016, a novel CD37-directed biologic therapy, in human NHL tumor xenograft models. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2565 Background: Small Modular Immuno-Pharmaceuticals (SMIP) biopharmaceuticals belong to a novel proprietary biologic compound class that retain Fc mediated effector functions and are smaller than monoclonal antibodies. SMIP-016 is a SMIP product candidate that binds to CD37 on human B cells and has potent ADCC and apoptotic activity in vitro. CD-37 is known to be over-expressed in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We have evaluated the activity of SMIP-016 in established human tumor xenograft models in nude mice. Methods: Nude mice were injected subcutaneously with either Ramos or Daudi tumor cells. At approximately 7 days post tumor inoculation the mice were randomized to groups with roughly equivalent mean tumor volumes (>200mm3) and were treated with SMIP-016 or rituximab as a comparator. Groups were evaluated for median survival time (MST), tumor volume and percentage of tumor-free animals. Results: In nude mice bearing Daudi tumors, SMIP-016 treated mice showed a significant improvement in MST compared to control mice (p < 0.0001). Nude mice bearing Ramos tumors treated with SMIP-016 also demonstrated a significant enhancement in their median survival time (MST) in comparison to control mice (p < 0.0001). In addition, mice receiving SMIP-016 administered in combination with rituximab in this model demonstrated improvements in survival time over either single agent therapy alone. Conclusions: SMIP-016 is effective in treating established tumors in these human tumor xenograft models. Addition of SMIP-016 to rituximab therapy resulted in enhanced survival times compared to animals treated with rituximab alone. [Table: see text]
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Ballardini N, Nilsson C, Nilsson M, Lilja G. ImmunoCAP Phadiatop Infant--a new blood test for detecting IgE sensitisation in children at 2 years of age. Allergy 2006; 61:337-43. [PMID: 16436143 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correct diagnosis of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated disease is the prerequisite for secondary allergy prevention during early childhood. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of a new blood test, Phadiatop Infant, in detecting IgE sensitisation to food and inhalant allergens among children at 2 years of age. METHODS Children (n = 239) were followed prospectively from birth to 2 years of age for the presence of IgE sensitisation and the development of atopic manifestations. Immunoglobulin E sensitisation was evaluated by skin prick test (SPT) and analysis of allergen-specific IgE antibodies in plasma to food and inhalant allergens. The children were classified into three groups: IgE-sensitised, non-IgE sensitised and inconclusive, depending on SPT and allergen-specific IgE results. RESULTS Twenty-six (11%) of the children were classified as IgE-sensitised, 182 (76%) as non-IgE sensitised and 31 (13%) as inconclusive. Phadiatop Infant was positive in 50 (21%) of the children. Ten children (4%) with identified IgE antibodies against the selected food and inhalant allergens showed negative Phadiatop Infant. Three children showed positive Phadiatop Infant but were negative in the other tests performed. These results correspond to positive and negative predictive values for Phadiatop Infant of 89 and 99%, respectively. Children with clinical symptoms of atopic diseases had significantly increased levels for Phadiatop Infant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Phadiatop Infant appears to be a reliable alternative to SPT and the measurement of allergen-specific IgE antibodies in plasma for detecting clinically important IgE sensitisation among children at 2 years of age.
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Biberfeld G, Godoy-Ramirez K, Mäkitalo B, Thorstensson R, Nilsson C, Hejdeman B, Sandström E, Gaines H. HIV-1 Specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell Responses Associated With Low Viral Load in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1 Infected Individuals. Retrovirology 2005. [DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-2-s1-s62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Strandberg K, Stenflo J, Nilsson C, Svensson PJ. APC-PCI complex concentration is higher in patients with previous venous thromboembolism with Factor V Leiden. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:2578-80. [PMID: 16241958 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abedi-Valugerdi M, Nilsson C, Zargari A, Gharibdoost F, DePierre JW, Hassan M. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide both renders resistant mice susceptible to mercury-induced autoimmunity and exacerbates such autoimmunity in susceptible mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 141:238-47. [PMID: 15996188 PMCID: PMC1809427 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02849.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and severity of systemic autoimmune diseases are influenced by a variety of genetic and environmental factors, in particular bacterial infections and products. Here, we have employed bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which non-specifically activates the immune system, to explore the involvement of innate immunity in mercury-induced autoimmunity in mice. Following treatment of mouse strains resistant [DBA/2 (H-2(d))] or susceptible [SJL(H-2(s))] to such autoimmunity with mercuric chloride and/or LPS or with physiological saline alone (control), their immune/autoimmune responses were monitored. Resistant DBA/2 mice were rendered susceptible to mercury-induced autoimmunity by co-administration of LPS, exhibiting pronounced increases in the synthesis of IgG1 and IgE, high titres of IgG1 deposits in the kidneys and elevated circulating levels of IgG1 antibodies of different specificities. Furthermore, the percentages of the T cells isolated from the spleens of DBA/2 mice exposed to both mercury and LPS that produced pro-inflammatory cytokines were markedly increased by in vitro stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin, which was not the case for splenic T cells isolated from mice receiving mercuric chloride, LPS or saline alone. In addition, exposure of susceptible SJL mice to mercury in combination with LPS aggravated the characteristic features of mercury-induced autoimmunity, including increased synthesis of IgG1 and IgE, the production of IgG1 anti-nucleolar antibodies (ANolA) and the formation of renal deposits of IgG1. In summary, our findings indicate that activation of the innate immune system plays a key role in both the induction and severity of chemically induced autoimmunity.
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Wingfors H, Seldén AI, Nilsson C, Haglund P. Identification of markers for PCB exposure in plasma from Swedish construction workers removing old elastic sealants. ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2005; 50:65-73. [PMID: 16371417 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mei063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify PCB-indicators of occupational exposure related to the removal of old elastic sealants. Blood samples were collected from workers involved in removing elastic sealants. Samples were also taken from age- and sex-matched controls. A majority of the exposed workers were re-sampled after 10 months. All samples were analysed for 19 PCBs. The levels in the exposed workers were twice as high as those in the controls, 575 and 267 ng g(-1) lipid, respectively, but were essentially unchanged at the second sampling. The PCB patterns also differed. Levels of many less chlorinated PCBs were much higher in the exposed workers, compared to the controls, and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that easily metabolized PCBs decreased in the exposed workers during the study. This finding indicates that elimination exceeded uptake during the study period, and that the safety information given to the workers had been effective. PCA was also used to identify exposure markers. The relatively persistent PCBs 56/60 and 66, the easily metabolized PCBs 44, 70 and 110 (with vicinal hydrogens in meta/para-positions) and the very persistent PCBs 153 and 180 were found to be good markers for occupational, recent occupational and background (dietary) exposure, respectively. A PCA model based on these markers was equally effective in differentiating between exposed individuals and controls, and between recent and less recent exposure, as a model based on all PCBs.
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