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Wang CC, Sung TC, Hsu CH, Tsai YD, Chen YC, Lee MC, Huang IY. A protein concentration measurement system using a flexural plate-wave frequency-shift readout technique. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2012; 13:86-105. [PMID: 23344375 PMCID: PMC3574666 DOI: 10.3390/s130100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A protein concentration measurement system with two-port flexural plate-wave (FPW) biosensors using a frequency-shift readout technique is presented in this paper. The proposed frequency-shift readout method employs a peak detecting scheme to measure the amount of resonant frequency shift. The proposed system is composed of a linear frequency generator, a pair of peak detectors, two registers, and a subtractor. The frequency sweep range of the linear frequency generator is limited to 2 MHz to 10 MHz according to the characteristics of the FPW biosensors. The proposed frequency-shift readout circuit is carried out on silicon using a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The sensitivity of the peak detectors is measured to be 10 mV. The power consumption of the proposed protein concentration measurement system is 48 mW given a 0.1 MHz system clock.
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Tong CW, Wang JL, Jiang MS, Hsu CH, Chang WT, Huang AM. Novel genes that mediate nuclear respiratory factor 1-regualted neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells. Gene 2012; 515:62-70. [PMID: 23219993 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) is a transcription factor that functions in neurite outgrowth; however, the genes downstream from NRF-1 that mediate this function remain largely unknown. This study employs a genome-wide analysis approach to identify NRF-1-targeted genes in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells. A total of 916 human genes containing the putative NRF-1 response element (NRE) in their promoter regions were identified using a cutoff score determined by results from electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Seventy-four NRF-1 target genes were listed according to the typical locations and high conservation of NREs. Fifteen genes, MAPRE3, NPDC1, RAB3IP, TRAPPC3, SMAD5, PIP5K1A, USP10, SPRY4, GTF2F2, NR1D1, SUV39H2, SKA3, RHOA, RAPGEF6, and SMAP1 were selected for biological confirmation. EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed that all NREs of these fifteen genes are critical for NRF-1 binding. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that mRNA levels of 12 of these genes are regulated by NRF-1. Overexpression or knockdown of candidate genes demonstrated that MAPRE3, NPDC1, SMAD5, USP10, SPRY4, GTF2F2, SKA3, SMAP1 positively regulated, and RHOA and RAPGEF6 negatively regulated neurite outgrowth. Overall, our data showed that the combination of genome-wide bioinformatic analysis and biological experiments helps to identify the novel NRF-1-regulated genes, which play roles in differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
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Hsu CH, Yang HR, Chen TH, Poon KS, Chen YF, Jeng LB, Yeh CC. Arterioportal Fistula as a Rare Cause of Cryptogenic Portal Hypertension. Am Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481207800906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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79
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Hsu CH, Yang HR, Chen TH, Poon KS, Chen YF, Jeng LB, Yeh CC. Arterioportal fistula as a rare cause of cryptogenic portal hypertension. Am Surg 2012; 78:E396-E398. [PMID: 22964175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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80
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Lee GH, Chang MY, Hsu CH, Chen YH. Essential roles of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, Capsulin and Musculin, during craniofacial myogenesis of zebrafish. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:4065-78. [PMID: 21347725 PMCID: PMC11114528 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Capsulin and Musculin are basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, but their biophysiological roles in zebrafish cranial myogenesis are unclear. Expressions of endogenous capsulin transcripts are detected at the central- (~24-hpf) and at dorsal- and ventral-mesoderm cores (~30-72 hpf) of branchial arches. In contrast, musculin transcripts are expressed as a two-phase manner: early phase (20-22 hpf) expressions of musculin are detected at the head mesoderm, whereas late-phase (36-72 hpf) are detected at all presumptive head-muscle precursors. Knockdown of either capsulin or musculin leads to loss of all cranial muscles without affecting trunk muscle development. The defective phenotypes of Capsulin- and Musculin-morphant can be rescued by co-injection of mRNA of each other. Both myf5 and myod transcripts are down-regulated in the Capsulin-morphant while myod transcripts are up-regulated in the Musculin-morphant. Therefore, we propose a putative regulatory network to understand how capsulin/musculin regulate distinctly either myf5 or myod during zebrafish craniofacial myogenesis.
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Lai YC, Pan KT, Chang GF, Hsu CH, Khoo KH, Hung CH, Jiang YJ, Ho FM, Meng TC. Nitrite-mediated S-nitrosylation of caspase-3 prevents hypoxia-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction. Circ Res 2011; 109:1375-86. [PMID: 22021929 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.256479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypoxia is a significant perturbation that exacerbates endothelial barrier dysfunction, contributing to the disruption of vascular homeostasis and the development of various diseases such as atherosclerosis and metastasis of tumors. To date, it is not known what strategy might be used to counter the effect of hypoxia on endothelial permeability. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the role of nitrite in regulating vascular integrity under hypoxic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS We found denitrosylation and the resulting activation of caspase-3 to be critical for hypoxia-induced endothelial permeability. Nitrite treatment led to S-nitrosylation and the inactivation of caspase-3, suppressing the barrier dysfunction of endothelia caused by hypoxia. This process required the conversion of nitrite to bioactive nitric oxide in a nitrite reductase-dependent manner. Using primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells as a model, we showed that in the presence of nitrite, the S-nitrosylated and inactivated form of caspase-3 was unable to cleave β-catenin, a key component in the VE-cadherin complex. Therefore, nitrite treatment led to the maintenance of VE-cadherin-mediated adherens junctions under hypoxic conditions. In in vivo experiments using a zebrafish model, nitrite was found to protect blood vessels from hypoxia-induced vascular leakage. CONCLUSIONS These results are the first to demonstrate that nitrite plays a critical role in the protection of endothelial barrier function against hypoxic insult. Our findings show that nitrite holds great potential for the treatment of diseases associated with hypoxia-induced disorder of vascular homeostasis.
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Hsu CH, Tseng SB, Hsieh YJ, Wang CC. One-time-implantable spinal cord stimulation system prototype. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2011; 5:490-498. [PMID: 23852180 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2011.2157152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A prototype of a one-time-implantable spinal cord stimulation (SCS) system using wireless power and data-transmission techniques is presented in this paper. The power of the implant is induced by wireless coil coupling, and duplex amplitude-shift keying-load-shift keying wireless communication is used so that digital packets can be transmitted by the same inductive link. The proposed novel ASK demodulator attains high demodulation performance and small area without using any resistors and capacitors. The proposed SCS system utilizes many power saving schemes to reduce power dissipation (e.g., dual supply voltages on-chip, high-voltage impulse generation using small current, etc.). Meanwhile, the excess energy induced by the coils is stored in a rechargeable battery to extend the implant's operation time so that the number of battery replacement surgeries will be reduced significantly. The system-on-chip (SOC) is physically implemented on silicon and integrated in the implant as the system controller. The fabricated SOC area is 1410 × 1710 μm(2). Compared with existing commercial products, the proposed SCS system attains better flexibility and longer operation time.
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Algotar AM, Stratton SP, Ranger-Moore J, Stratton MS, Hsu CH, Ahmann FR, Nagle RB, Thompson PA. Association of obesity and smoking with PSA and PSA velocity in men with prostate cancer. Am J Mens Health 2011; 5:272-8. [PMID: 21613377 DOI: 10.1177/1557988310390030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant number of prostate tumors are slow growing and could probably be left untreated. However, many are aggressive and can spread rapidly causing patient suffering and/or death. Current technology does not allow physicians to differentiate between slow growing and aggressive tumors at diagnosis. Hence, many patients are exposed to invasive treatment and its associated morbidities such as incontinence and impotence. Markers that enable differentiation between slow and fast progressing cancer will allow physicians to prevent unnecessary treatments on men who may not need them, and focus on the men with aggressive disease. A longitudinal study was conducted (N = 140) using mixed effects regression models to determine the association of obesity and smoking toward prostate cancer progression. These models account for correlation because of repeated measures over time, thus, using maximum amount of information provided by the subject. Estimates thus obtained are more robust and reliable than those obtained using data from a single time point. Rate of change of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over time (PSA velocity) was used as a measure of prostate cancer progression. Results indicate that PSA velocity of overweight and obese subjects (0.59 and 1.05 ng/mL/year) was not significantly different as compared with normal weight subjects (p values .91 and .31, respectively). For men in the highest tertile of pack-years of smoking, PSA velocity was significantly higher as compared with never smokers 1.57 ng/mL/year (p = .04). Further studies with larger sample sizes and study designs specific to above exposures are needed before recommendations can be made to reduce weight or reduce/quit smoking.
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Liu DW, Hsu CH, Tsai SM, Hsiao CD, Wang WP. A variant of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (Fgfr2) regulates left-right asymmetry in zebrafish. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21793. [PMID: 21747958 PMCID: PMC3128613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organs in vertebrates are left-right asymmetrical located. For example, liver is at the right side and stomach is at the left side in human. Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signaling is important for left-right asymmetry. To investigate the roles of Fgfr2 signaling in zebrafish left-right asymmetry, we used splicing blocking morpholinos to specifically block the splicing of fgfr2b and fgfr2c variants, respectively. We found that the relative position of the liver and the pancreas were disrupted in fgfr2c morphants. Furthermore, the left-right asymmetry of the heart became random. Expression pattern of the laterality controlling genes, spaw and pitx2c, also became random in the morphants. Furthermore, lefty1 was not expressed in the posterior notochord, indicating that the molecular midline barrier had been disrupted. It was also not expressed in the brain diencephalon. Kupffer's vesicle (KV) size became smaller in fgfr2c morphants. Furthermore, KV cilia were shorter in fgfr2c morphants. We conclude that the fgfr2c isoform plays an important role in the left-right asymmetry during zebrafish development.
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85
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Algotar AM, Stratton MS, Xu MJ, Dalkin BL, Nagle RB, Hsu CH, Ahmann FR, Clark LC, Stratton SP. Dose-dependent effects of selenized yeast on total selenium levels in prostatic tissue of men with prostate cancer. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:1-5. [PMID: 21128179 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2010.516476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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86
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Chakraborty C, Hsu CH, Wen ZH, Lin CS, Agoramoorthy G. Effect of caffeine, norfloxacin and nimesulide on heartbeat and VEGF expression of zebrafish larvae. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2011; 32:179-183. [PMID: 21882652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of pharmaceuticals during pregnancy may causes abnormalities to the embryo. Sometime the drug also effect to the new born if the drug transferred through lactation. We have used zebrafish model to see the effect of some pharmaceuticals on embryos and larvae. Three drugs, caffeine, norfloxacin and nimesulide, were used for this study to see the effect mainly the hatching rate of eggs, heart beat rate and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of the larvae. VEGF is an important signaling protein that involved generating the new blood vessels during embryonic development. We have used 10, 20, 50, 100 microg ml(-1) concentrations of all the drugs to see the effect. No significant mortality or malformations were observed in zebrafish embryos. Hatching was stared from 60 hr. In control group, 91% hatching rate was observed. Lowest hatching rate was observed using highest concentration of norfloxacin (100 microg ml(-1)) and nimesulide (100 microg ml(-1)) i.e. 55 and 56% respectively. In control group, 110 to 115 heart beat rate was counted per minute. Significantly higher heart beat was observed in caffeine treated group which is 125 to 140 min(-1) Lower heart beat was noted in nimesulide treated group which is 100 min(-1). We have tried to observe the possible effect of VEGF of the larvae by these three drugs. Expression of VEGF was very low in caffeine treated group. Almost no VGF expression was observe in 100 microg ml(-1) caffeine treated group. These studies suggest that there is a possibility that high dosage of caffeine can harm the unborn baby or new born babies, if the mothers use caffeine.
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87
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Hsu CH, Lu CH. Microwave-hydrothermally synthesized (Sr1−x−yCexTby)Si2O2−δN2+μ phosphors: efficient energy transfer, structural refinement and photoluminescence properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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88
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Roy SS, Hsu CH, Wen ZH, Lin CS, Chakraborty C. A hypothetical relationship between the nuclear reprogramming factors for induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generation--bioinformatic and algorithmic approach. Med Hypotheses 2010; 76:507-11. [PMID: 21195557 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 07/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A hypothetical evolutionary relationship was generated between the nuclear reprogramming factors for induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generation. Utilizing bioinformatics techniques, sequence analyses and phylogenetic tree algorithms, a comparative study has been performed to understand the evolutionary relationship of human nuclear reprogramming factors of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generation. Among the total six nuclear reprogramming factors, the four reprogramming factors (SOX2, C-MYC, KLF4, and LIN28) have significant evolutionary origin. Our study shows SOX2 and C-MYC have evolutionary relationship and common point of origin. Likewise, KLF4 and LIN28 are having evolutionary relationship and have common point of origin. Based on these evidences, we propose that our study may be a great help to the future researchers to understand the mechanism(s) as well as pathway of nuclear reprogramming process.
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Hu TL, Chang CY, Hsieh WC, Hsu CH. A study of relationship on marketing channel power, conflict resolution, and channel performance-an empirical investigation of notebook computer industry. JOURNAL OF STATISTICS & MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2010.10701507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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90
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Hsu CH, Chan D, Wolozin B. LRRK2 and the stress response: interaction with MKKs and JNK-interacting proteins. NEURODEGENER DIS 2010; 7:68-75. [PMID: 20173330 DOI: 10.1159/000285509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports a putative link between LRRK2 function and the MAP kinase cascades. We recently demonstrated that LRRK2 binds to MKK6, -3, and -7. Previous studies demonstrated that scaffold proteins are essential in the regulation of subcellular localization of stress kinase complexes. The c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)-interacting proteins (JIPs) are a group of scaffold proteins that play an important role in the regulation of MAP kinase signaling cascades. JIP1-3 are known to regulate the specificity and localization of the JNK pathway, while JIP4 is a specific scaffolding protein for the p38 pathway. We demonstrate that LRRK2 binds to JIP1-4, and is associated with increased levels of total JIP1, -3, -4, oligomeric JIP and ubiquitinated JIP. These results are consistent with a putative role of LRRK2 in regulating the stress kinase cascade.
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91
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Hsieh TH, Ho KS, Bi X, Han YK, Chen ZL, Hsu CH, Chang YC. Synthesis and electromagnetic properties of polyaniline-coated silica/maghemite nanoparticles. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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92
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Chakraborty C, Sarkar B, Hsu CH, Wen ZH, Lin CS, Shieh PC. Future prospects of nanoparticles on brain targeted drug delivery. J Neurooncol 2008; 93:285-6. [PMID: 19048187 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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93
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Chen TC, Lin YT, Lin CY, Chen WC, Chen MR, Kao HL, Chyi JI, Hsu CH. Suitability of surface acoustic wave oscillators fabricated using low temperature-grown AlN films on GaN/sapphire as UV sensors. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2008; 55:489-493. [PMID: 18334354 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2008.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial AlN films were prepared on GaN/sapphire using a helicon sputtering system at the low temperature of 300 degrees C. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices fabricated on AlN/GaN/sapphire exhibited superior characteristics compared with those made on GaN/sapphire. An oscillator using an AlN/GaN/sapphirebased SAW device is presented. The oscillation frequency decreased when the device was illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and the downshift of the oscillation frequency increased with the illuminating UV power density. The results showed that the AlN/GaN/sapphire-layered structure SAW oscillators are suitable for visible blind UV detection and opened up the feasibility of developing remote UV sensors for different ranges of wavelengths on the III-nitrides.
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94
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Tsao TH, Yang JB, Yang CB, Hsu CH, Liou TL. The Soluble Leptin Receptor of Regular Exercisers. Int J Sports Med 2007; 28:732-5. [PMID: 17525882 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-964894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the concentrations and the relationships of soluble leptin receptor (sLR) and leptin levels among both physically active people and lean sedentary persons. Information collected for this study came from twelve joggers (JOG), ten weight trainers (WET) and eleven lean sedentary persons (CON). Regular exercisers were defined as those who consistently participated in jogging or weight training 30 minutes a day, at least four times a week, for a period of no less than three years prior to the study. The CON group was defined as exercising, at most, one time per week, less than 20 minutes each time if at all. Leptin and sLR were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results show the BMI of the WET group to be higher than the other groups, yet their percent body fat was not significantly different. Although sLR levels of the JOG group were higher than the WET and CON groups, their free leptin index (FLI) did not show a significant difference. The sLR levels for joggers were higher than the weight trainers. The sLR concentration or the ratio of sLR to fat mass may be an alternative index to FLI for comparing physically active and lean people.
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95
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Chang WC, Hsu CH, Chiang SM, Su MC. Equilibrium and kinetics of metal biosorption by sludge from a biological nutrient removal system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2007; 28:453-62. [PMID: 17500320 DOI: 10.1080/09593332808618806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the biosorption kinetics and equilibrium of cadmium, nickel and zinc by activated sludge from a biological nutrient removal (BNR) process. A series of batch experiments with different initial metal concentrations were conducted to determine the metal removal in BNR sludge. The harvested sludges were from a continuous-flow anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2O) system operated under a 10 days of sludge retention time. Batch tests were specially designed to isolate the precipitation effects of metal ions in solution so as to compare the isotherm constants of biosorption with and without precipitation isolation. Experimental results revealed that BNR sludge exhibited two stages of biosorption, i.e., passive and then active uptake, for all three metals. The biosorption kinetic data of three tested metals can be effectively simulated by pseudo-second-order rate equations. Besides, the biosorption isotherm showed that metal biosorption behavior was statistically in agreement with the Freundlich model. The capacity constants k of the Freundlich model for Cd, Ni and Zn are 0.50, 0.23 and 0.41; the affinity constants 1 / n are 0.96, 0.81 and 0.31, respectively. Additionally, precipitation behaviors of metals obviously should be carefully examined during biosorption batch tests with activated sludge; otherwise the biosorption effect could be significantly overestimated.
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96
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Yeh KH, Lu YS, Hsu CH, Lin JF, Chao HJ, Huang TC, Chung CY, Chang CS, Yang CH, Cheng AL. Phase II study of weekly vinorelbine and 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin as first-line treatment of advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:1013-8. [PMID: 15770209 PMCID: PMC2361932 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We prospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of combining weekly vinorelbine (VNB) with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Vinorelbine 25 mg m−2 30-min intravenous infusion, and high-dose 5-FU 2600 mg m−2 plus LV 300 mg m−2 24-h intravenous infusion (HDFL regimen) were given on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks. Between June 1999 and April 2003, 40 patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic breast cancer were enrolled with a median age of 49 years (range: 36–68). A total of 25 patients had recurrent ABC, and 15 patients had primary metastatic diseases. The overall response rate for the intent-to-treat group was 70.0% (95% CI: 54–84%) with eight complete responses and 20 partial responses. All 40 patients were evaluated for survival and toxicities. Among a total of 316 cycles of VNB–HDFL given (average: 7.9: range: 4–14 cycles per patient), the main toxicity was Gr3/4 leucopenia and Gr3/4 neutropenia in 57 (18.0%) and 120 (38.0%) cycles, respectively. Gr1/2 infection and Gr1/2 stomatitis were noted in five (1.6%) and 59 (18.7%) cycles, respectively. None of the patients developed Gr3/4 stomatitis or Gr3/4 infection. Gr2/3 and Gr1 hand–foot syndrome was noted in two (5.0%) and 23 (57.5%) patients, respectively. Gr1 sensory neuropathy developed in three patients. The median time to progression was 8.0 months (range: 3–25.5 months), and the median overall survival was 25.0 months with a follow-up of 5.5 to 45+ months. This VNB–HDFL regimen is a highly active yet well-tolerated first-line treatment for ABC.
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97
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Chien TW, Chu H, Hsu WC, Tseng TK, Hsu CH, Chen KY. A feasibility study on the predictive emission monitoring system applied to the Hsinta power plant of Taiwan Power Company. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2003; 53:1022-1028. [PMID: 12943322 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2003.10466241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) can monitor flue gas emissions continuously and instantaneously. However, it has the disadvantages of enormous cost, easily producing errors in sampling periods of bad weather, lagging response in variable ambient environments, and missing data in daily zero and span tests and maintenance. The concept of a predictive emission monitoring system (PEMS) is to use the operating parameters of combustion equipment through thermodynamic or statistical methods to construct a mathematic model that can predict emissions by a computer program. The goal of this study is to set up a PEMS in a gas-fired combined cycle power generation unit at the Hsinta station of Taiwan Power Co. The emissions to be monitored include nitrogen oxides (NOx) and oxygen (O2) in flue gas. The major variables of the predictive model were determined based on the combustion theory. The data of these variables then were analyzed to establish a regression model. From the regression results, the influences of these variables are discussed and the predicted values are compared with the CEMS data for accuracy. In addition, according to the cost information, the capital and operation and maintenance costs for a PEMS can be much lower than those for a CEMS.
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Lin TC, Hsu CH, Kong SS, Cherng CH, Wong CS. Ventricular asystole and complete heart block after thoracic epidural analgesia for thymectomy. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2002; 19:460-2. [PMID: 12094924 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021502220748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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99
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Dubiel M, Hsu CH, Chien CC, Mansfeld F, Newman DK. Microbial iron respiration can protect steel from corrosion. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68:1440-5. [PMID: 11872499 PMCID: PMC123774 DOI: 10.1128/aem.68.3.1440-1445.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2001] [Accepted: 12/12/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MC) of steel has been attributed to the activity of biofilms that include anaerobic microorganisms such as iron-respiring bacteria, yet the mechanisms by which these organisms influence corrosion have been unclear. To study this process, we generated mutants of the iron-respiring bacterium Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 that were defective in biofilm formation and/or iron reduction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to determine changes in the corrosion rate and corrosion potential as a function of time for these mutants in comparison to the wild type. Counter to prevailing theories of MC, our results indicate that biofilms comprising iron-respiring bacteria may reduce rather than accelerate the corrosion rate of steel. Corrosion inhibition appears to be due to reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ions and increased consumption of oxygen, both of which are direct consequences of microbial respiration.
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Kahn SE, Montgomery B, Howell W, Ligueros-Saylan M, Hsu CH, Devineni D, McLeod JF, Horowitz A, Foley JE. Importance of early phase insulin secretion to intravenous glucose tolerance in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:5824-9. [PMID: 11739446 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.12.8105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion is impaired in type 2 diabetes with the early response being essentially absent. The loss of this early insulin secretion is hypothesized to be important in the deterioration of glucose tolerance. To determine whether enhancement of the early-phase insulin response can enhance glucose tolerance, we administered 1) 120 mg nateglinide, an insulinotropic agent that enhances early insulin secretion; 2) 10 mg glyburide, which enhances the later phases of insulin secretion; or 3) placebo in random order to 21 subjects with type 2 diabetes (14 males and 7 females; aged 59.2 +/- 2.1 yr, x +/- SEM; body mass index 29.7 +/- 1.0 kg/m(2); fasting plasma glucose 8.1 +/- 0.1 mM). beta-Cell function was quantified as the incremental area under the curve for different time periods for the 5 h following iv glucose administration and glucose tolerance as the glucose disappearance constant (Kg) from 10 to 60 min. Insulin release commenced immediately after nateglinide administration, even before glucose injection, but this was not observed with glyburide. Both nateglinide and glyburide enhanced glucose-induced insulin release, compared with placebo (area under the curve -15-300 min: nateglinide 23,595 +/- 11,212 pM/min, glyburide 54,556 +/- 15,253 pM/min, placebo 10,242 +/- 2,414 pM/min). The profiles of insulin release demonstrated significant enhancement of release between -15 and 30 min for nateglinide, compared with glyburide and between 60 and 300 min for glyburide over nateglinide. Kg increased by 15% with nateglinide (0.87 +/- 0.04%/min), but it did not increase significantly with glyburide (0.79 +/- 0.04%/min), compared with placebo (0.76 +/- 0.04%/min). The enhancement of insulin release by glyburide resulted in a lower minimal glucose concentration with glyburide (3.8 +/- 0.2 mM), compared with nateglinide (5.0 +/- 0.2 mM) and placebo (5.9 +/- 0.2 mM). Thus, enhancement of the early phase of insulin secretion improves iv glucose tolerance, whereas delaying it by 30 min results in a slower rate of glucose disappearance for the first 2 h after iv glucose administration. Further, the differences in the kinetics of nateglinide and glyburide action results in continued insulin release with glyburide despite the fact that glucose levels have returned to basal, thus resulting in a further reduction in glucose levels and a lower nadir.
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