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Wu W, Zeng LN, Peng YY, Lu XH, Li CY, Wang ZC. The effects of recombinant human epithelialgrowth factor and protein-free calf blood extract for recovery of corneal mechanical epithelial defects healing and neovascularization. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2014; 18:3406-3411. [PMID: 25491615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) and protein-free calf blood extract on corneal wound healing and neovascularization. MATERIALS AND METHODS An rabbit central corneal wound and neovascularization model was established in rabbits. One eye of each group was chosen randomly for topical administration of protein-free calf blood extract, rhEGF, or NS (physiological saline), and variability in the area of corneal epithelial wound healing and neovascularization was observed. RESULTS On days 1 and 2, the healing rate of corneal epithelium was various among the protein-free calf blood extract group, rhEGF group and NS group (F=6.475, p=0.012). The healing rate of corneal epithelium in the rhEGF group was better than the protein-free calf blood extract group (p=0.004) and NS group (p=0.041) on day 1. The corneal neovascularization area in the protein-free calf blood extract group was less than that of rhEGF group (p=0.04) and NS group (p=0.008) on day 18. CONCLUSIONS rhEGF had better promotive effect on corneal epithelial wound healing than the protein-free calf blood extract in the advanced phase (within 2 days). Both rhEGF and protein-free calf blood extract were not found to promote.
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Li YY, Fu J, Lyu B, Du XW, Li CY, Zhang Y, Yin XH, Yu Y, Wang QP, von Hellermann M, Shi YJ, Ye MY, Wan BN. Development of the charge exchange recombination spectroscopy and the beam emission spectroscopy on the EAST tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11E428. [PMID: 25430335 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy (CXRS) and Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) diagnostics based on a heating neutral beam have recently been installed on EAST to provide local measurements of ion temperature, velocity, and density. The system design features common light collection optics for CXRS and BES, background channels for the toroidal views, multi-chord viewing sightlines, and high throughput lens-based spectrometers with good signal to noise ratio for high time resolution measurements. Additionally, two spectrometers each has a tunable grating to observe any wavelength of interest are used for the CXRS and one utilizes a fixed-wavelength grating to achieve higher diffraction efficiency for the BES system. A real-time wavelength correction is implemented to achieve a high-accuracy wavelength calibration. Alignment and calibration are performed. Initial performance test results are presented.
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Qin WZ, Li CY, Kim JK, Ju JG, Song MK. Effects of Defaunation on Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production by Rumen Microbes In vitro When Incubated with Starchy Feed Sources. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:1381-8. [PMID: 25049493 PMCID: PMC4093010 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro experiment was conducted to examine the effects of defaunation (removal of protozoa) on ruminal fermentation characteristics, CH4 production and degradation by rumen microbes when incubated with cereal grains (corn, wheat and rye). Sodium lauryl sulfate as a defaunation reagent was added into the culture solution at a concentration of 0.000375 g/ml, and incubated anaerobically for up to 12 h at 39°C. Following defaunation, live protozoa in the culture solution were rarely observed by microscopic examination. A difference in pH was found among grains regardless of defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.01 to 0.001). Defaunation significantly decreased pH at 12 h (p<0.05) when rumen fluid was incubated with grains. Ammonia-N concentration was increased by defaunation for all grains at 6 h (p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.05) incubation times. Total VFA concentration was increased by defaunation at 6 h (p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.01) for all grains. Meanwhile, defaunation decreased acetate and butyrate proportions at 6 h (p<0.05, p<0.01) and 12 h (p<0.01, p<0.001), but increased the propionate proportion at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h incubation (p<0.01 to 0.001) for all grains. Defaunation increased in vitro effective degradability of DM (p<0.05). Production of total gas and CO2 was decreased by defaunation for all grains at 1 h (p<0.05, p<0.05) and then increased at 6 h (p<0.05, p<0.05) and 12 h (p<0.05, p<0.05). CH4 production was higher from faunation than from defaunation at all incubation times (p<0.05).
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Leung KS, Li CY, Tse YK, Choy TK, Leung PC, Hung VWY, Chan SY, Leung AHC, Cheung WH. Effects of 18-month low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on fall rate and fracture risks in 710 community elderly--a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1785-95. [PMID: 24676848 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study is a prospective cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial involving 710 elderly subjects to investigate the long-term effects of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) on fall and fracture rates, muscle performance, and bone quality. The results confirmed that LMHFV is effective in reducing fall incidence and enhancing muscle performance in the elderly. INTRODUCTION Falls are direct causes of fragility fracture in the elderly. LMHFV has been shown to improve muscle function and bone quality. This study is to investigate the efficacy of LMHFV in preventing fall and fractures among the elderly in the community. METHODS A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 710 postmenopausal females over 60 years. A total of 364 participants received daily 20 min LMHFV (35 Hz, 0.3 g), 5 days/week for 18 months; 346 participants served as control. Fall or fracture rate was taken as the primary outcome. Also, quadriceps muscle strength, balancing abilities, bone mineral density (BMD), and quality of life (QoL) assessments were done at 0, 9, and 18 months. RESULTS With an average of 66.0% compliance in the vibration group, 18.6% of 334 vibration group subjects reported fall or fracture incidences compared with 28.7% of 327 in the control (adjusted HR = 0.56, p = 0.001). The fracture rate of vibration and control groups were 1.1 and 2.3 % respectively (p = 0.171). Significant improvements were found in reaction time, movement velocity, and maximum excursion of balancing ability assessment, and also the quadriceps muscle strength (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the overall change of BMD. Minimal adverse effects were documented. CONCLUSION LMHFV is effective in fall prevention with improved muscle strength and balancing ability in the elderly. We recommend its use in the community as an effective fall prevention program and to decrease related injuries.
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Jiang LH, Zhang YL, Gong XM, Pang R, Zhang S, Li CY, Su Q. LiSr4(BO3)3:Ce3+ phosphor as a new material for ESR dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 84:66-9. [PMID: 24321766 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
LiSr4(BO3)3:0.01Ce(3+) phosphor was investigated to assess its potential as a material for measurements of radiotherapeutic doses with electron spin resonance (ESR). The ESR spectrum of the phosphor irradiated with (60)Co features five ESR signals. An isochronal annealing experiment has shown that the strongest of these signals is associated with the same trap center as the 473 K peak on the TL glow curve of this material. The dose-response is linear in the studied range from 0.89 to 90.30 Gy. Fading of the signal was also investigated.
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Lin CJ, Hung JW, Cho CY, Tseng CY, Chen HY, Lin FC, Li CY. Poststroke constipation in the rehabilitation ward: incidence, clinical course and associated factors. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:624-9. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhang J, Cai YM, Xu MK, Song ZH, Li CY, Wang HR, Dai HH, Zhang ZP, Liu CX. Anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity of a mutated staphylococcal enterotoxin C2. DIE PHARMAZIE 2013; 68:359-364. [PMID: 23802434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel SEC2 mutant with lower toxic activity, named 2M-118 (H118A/T20L/G22E), was engineered by site-directed mutagenesis of structural domains that are responsible for MHC class II molecule binding and TCR binding, respectively. Stimulating activity on murine splenocytes, anti-tumor effect and immunogenicity of 2M-118 were investigated in BALB/c mice. 2M-118 not only remained splenocyte stimulation activity, but also effectively inhibited the growth of S180 sarcoma in the BALB/c mice. Even though antibodies to 2M-118 could be induced after repeated administration, the action of 2M-118 was hardly neutralized or cross neutralized. Like other superantigens, immunosuppression could happen when 2M-118 was given at a greater dose. In conclusion, 2M-118 is a promising anti-tumor drug candidate for its acceptable toxicity and satisfying anti-tumour efficacy.
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Zhang N, Wang L, Zhu GN, Sun DJ, He H, Luan Q, Liu L, Hao F, Li CY, Gao TW. The association between trauma and melanoma in the Chinese population: a retrospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:597-603. [PMID: 23465057 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between trauma and melanoma has been a controversial issue. OBJECTIVES To analyse the profiles of melanoma, and to determine whether trauma is associated with development of acral melanoma in the Chinese population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of 685 cases of cutaneous melanoma in the dermatology departments of Xijing Hospital in northwestern China and Xinan Hospital in southwestern China from 1982 to 2011. RESULTS Of the 685 patients included in the study, 437 (63.8%) suffered from melanoma on the extremities. A total of 104 patients (15.2%) exhibited an association between trauma and melanoma. The primary anatomic sites of the tumours were the upper extremities (17, 16.3%), lower extremities (74, 71.2%) and other sites (13, 12.5%). Among these cases, the extremities were with remarkably higher risks of post-trauma melanoma than the other sites [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.968; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.267-5.592]. Notably, patients in the south part of China were with a stronger risk of post-trauma melanoma on the lower extremities than those in the north (adjusted OR 1.764; 95% CI 1.192-2.666) part. In addition, a significant higher risk of post-trauma melanoma on the extremities was observed in the male gender (adjusted OR 1.848; 95% CI 1.186-2.887). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide epidemiological evidence for a potential association between traumatic events and melanoma of the extremities, especially the lower limbs, where a history of trauma is more likely.
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Li CY, Xu FJ, Yang WT. Simple strategy to functionalize polymeric substrates via surface-initiated ATRP for biomedical applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:1541-1550. [PMID: 23259848 DOI: 10.1021/la302866n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of polymer surfaces via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is of crucial importance to prepare various functional materials. It is generally complicated to conduct ATRP on different organic material surfaces. In this work, a facile photoinduced one-step method was first developed for the covalent immobilization of ATRP initiators on the C-H group-containing substrates such as biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP). The C-H bonds of precise location of inert polymer surfaces were readily transferred to bromoalkyl initiator, followed by ATRP of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), respectively, to produce the resultant patterned BOPP-g-P(DMAEMA) and BOPP-g-P(GMA) films. The epoxy groups of the P(GMA) microdomains can be aminated for covalently coupling IgG, while the P(DMAEMA) microdomains were used for immobilizing IgG via electronic interactions. The resultant IgG-coupled microdomains could interact with the corresponding target proteins, anti-IgG.
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Stevens KR, Ungrin MD, Schwartz RE, Ng S, Carvalho B, Christine KS, Chaturvedi RR, Li CY, Zandstra PW, Chen CS, Bhatia SN. InVERT molding for scalable control of tissue microarchitecture. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1847. [PMID: 23673632 PMCID: PMC3660041 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex tissues contain multiple cell types that are hierarchically organized within morphologically and functionally distinct compartments. Construction of engineered tissues with optimized tissue architecture has been limited by tissue fabrication techniques, which do not enable versatile microscale organization of multiple cell types in tissues of size adequate for physiological studies and tissue therapies. Here we present an 'Intaglio-Void/Embed-Relief Topographic molding' method for microscale organization of many cell types, including induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progeny, within a variety of synthetic and natural extracellular matrices and across tissues of sizes appropriate for in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical studies. We demonstrate that compartmental placement of non-parenchymal cells relative to primary or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes, compartment microstructure, and cellular composition modulate hepatic functions. Configurations found to sustain physiological function in vitro also result in survival and function in mice for at least 4 weeks, demonstrating the importance of architectural optimization before implantation.
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Zhao XH, Liu CJ, Liu Y, Li CY, Yao JH. Effects of replacing dietary starch with neutral detergent-soluble fibre on ruminal fermentation, microbial synthesis and populations of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2012; 97:1161-9. [PMID: 23278844 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) apparatus with eight 800 ml fermenters was used to investigate the effects of replacing dietary starch with neutral detergent-soluble fibre (NDSF) by inclusion of sugar beet pulp in diets on ruminal fermentation, microbial synthesis and populations of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria. Experimental diets contained 12.7, 16.4, 20.1 or 23.8% NDSF substituted for starch on a dry matter basis. The experiment was conducted over two independent 15-day incubation periods with the last 8 days used for data collection. There was a tendency that 16.4% NDSF in the diet increased the apparent disappearance of organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). Increasing dietary NDSF level increased carboxymethylcellulase and xylanase activity in the solid fraction and apparent disappearance of acid detergent fibre (ADF) but reduced the 16S rDNA copy numbers of Ruminococcus albus in both liquid and solid fractions and R. flavefaciens in the solid fraction. The apparent disappearance of dietary nitrogen (N) was reduced by 29.6% with increased dietary NDSF. Substituting NDSF for starch appeared to increase the ratios of acetate/propionate and methane/volatile fatty acids (VFA) (mol/mol). Replacing dietary starch with NDSF reduced the daily production of ammonia-N and increased the growth of the solid-associated microbial pellets (SAM). Total microbial N flow and efficiency of microbial synthesis (EMS), expressed as g microbial N/kg OM fermented, tended to increase with increased dietary NDSF, but the numerical increase did not continue as dietary NDSF exceeded 20.1% of diet DM. Results suggested that substituting NDSF for starch up to 16.4% of diet DM increased digestion of nutrients (except for N) and microbial synthesis, and further increases (from 16.4% to 23.8%) in dietary NDSF did not repress microbial synthesis but did significantly reduce digestion of dietary N.
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Li YH, Gao YX, Zhang Y, Li CY, Wang X, Zhu GY. Research on the effects of family support system for the physical and mental development and the family of children with brain injury. INT J EVID-BASED HEA 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/01258363-201209000-00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mao KB, Ma Y, Shen XY, Li BP, Li CY, Li ZL. Estimation of broadband emissivity (8-12 um) from ASTER data by using RM-NN. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:20096-20101. [PMID: 23037062 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Land surface window emissivity is a key parameter for estimating the longwave radiative budget. The combined radiative transfer model (RM) with neural network (NN) algorithm is utilized to directly estimate the window (8-12 um) emissivity from the brightness temperature of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) with 90 m spatial resolution. Although the estimation accuracy is very high when the broadband emissivity is estimated from AST05 (ASTER Standard Data Product) by using regression method, the accuracy of AST05 is about ± 0.015 for 86 spectra which is determined by the atmosphere correction for ASTER 1B data. The MODTRAN 4 is used to simulate the process of radiance transfer, and the broadband emissivity is directly estimated from the brightness temperature of ASTER 1B data at satellite. The comparison analysis indicates that the RM-NN is more competent to estimate broadband emissivity than other method when the brightness temperatures of band 11, 12, 13, 14 are made as input nodes of dynamic neural network. The estimation average accuracy is about 0.009, and the estimation results are not sensitive to instrument noise. The RM-NN is applied to extract broadband emissivity from an image of ASTER 1B data in China, and the comparison against a classification based multiple bands with 15 m spatial resolution shows that the estimation results from RM-NN are very good.
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Lin CH, Lee YY, Liu CC, Chen HF, Ko MC, Li CY. Urbanization and prevalence of depression in diabetes. Public Health 2011; 126:104-11. [PMID: 22178148 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To depict recent secular trend (2001-2005) in prevalence of depression among diabetic population in Taiwan, and to explore the influences of urbanization on the prevalence of depression. STUDY DESIGN A descriptive correlation study design relating urbanization and prevalence of depression. METHODS Annual prevalence of depression was calculated as the ratio of number of individuals with depression (ICD-9-CM: 296, 309, or 311) to the size of diabetic population (ICD-9-CM: 250), which were ascertained from ambulatory care claim data of Taiwan's National Health Insurance between 2001 and 2005. Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the secular trend in the prevalence of comorbid depression, and to appraise the influence of urbanization on prevalence of depression in diabetic patients. RESULTS The prevalence of depression among diabetic population increased annually from 22.6/10(3) in 2001 to 27.0/10(3) in 2005 with a significantly and linearly rising trend (β = 0.0461, p < 0.0001). Diabetic population living in urban areas showed the largest increase in prevalence (6.3/10(3)), followed by those from rural areas (5.6/10(3)). Compared to the diabetic patients residing in rural areas, those living in urban areas (RR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.25-1.31) and those from satellite towns (RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.19-1.25) both had significantly increased adjusted RR. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increasing trend in prevalence of depression among diabetic population in recent years in Taiwan. Diabetic patients from urban areas not only had the greatest prevalence of depression but also showed the largest increase in prevalence during the study period, which highlights a need for managing depression in urban diabetes.
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Jiang H, Wang XB, Li CY, Li JS, Xu FJ, Mao C, Yang WT, Shen J. Improvement of hemocompatibility of polycaprolactone film surfaces with zwitterionic polymer brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:11575-11581. [PMID: 21851101 DOI: 10.1021/la202101q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been widely adopted as a scaffold biomaterial, but further improvement of the hemocompatibility of a PCL film surface is still needed for wide biomedical applications. In this work, the PCL film surface was functionalized with zwitterionic poly(3-dimethyl(methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate) (P(DMAPS)) brushes via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for enhancing hemocompatibility. Kinetics study revealed an approximately linear increase in graft yield of the functional P(DMAPS) brushes with polymerization time. The blood compatibilities of the modified PCL film surfaces were studied by platelet adhesion tests of platelet-rich plasma and human whole blood, hemolysis assay, and plasma recalcification time (PRT) assay. The improvement of hemocompatibility is dependent on the coverage of the grafted P(DMAPS) brushes on the PCL film. Lower or no platelet and blood cell adhesion was observed on the P(DMAPS)-grafted film surfaces. The P(DMAPS) grafting can further decrease hemolysis and enhance the PRT of the PCL surface. With the versatility of surface-initiated ATRP and the excellent hemocompatibility of zwitterionic polymer brushes, PCL films with desirable blood properties can be readily tailored to cater to various biomedical applications.
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Wu SX, Guo NR, Li XF, Liao WQ, Chen M, Zhang QQ, Li CY, Li RY, Bulmer GS, Li DM, Xi LY, Lu S, Liu B, Zheng YC, Ran YP, Kuan YZ. Human pathogenic fungi in China--emerging trends from ongoing national survey for 1986, 1996, and 2006. Mycopathologia 2011; 171:387-93. [PMID: 21509517 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-011-9398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This epidemiological survey was a retrospective study on three nodes during the past three decades on fungal infections representing the China, including Taiwan. Owing to rare publications reporting on dynamic epidemiological trends in the pathogen epidemiology in China, we surveyed the isolation rates and pathogenic fungi from 8 representative districts in China using uniform identification with uniform methodology. The pathogenic fungi isolation rates and species obtained from 1986 (n=9,096), 1996 (n=19,009), and 2006 (n=33,022) suggested that Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest organism cultured in 1980s (45.4%) and 1990s (34.5%), but Candida albicans increased significantly and reaching to its peak (26.9%) in 2006s' survey, and has become the most common isolate of fungal infections in China currently. In addition, Candida glabrata became the most common non-albicans species of Candida in 2006s' survey. At the same time, the incidence of molds also gradually increased. According to comparative analysis of the results of these three surveys, we found apparent differences in the isolation rates of different pathogenic fungi and the forefront 10 species in China varied significantly, and the dermatophytes decreased markedly, while yeasts, especially the Candida species and the molds, increased gradually during the past three decades. Less dermatophytic infections may suggest better access to healthcare or increase in Candida species indicated higher incidence of hospital acquired infections.
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Zhang Y, Song M, Cui ZS, Li CY, Xue XX, Yu M, Lu Y, Zhang SY, Wang EH, Wen YY. Down-regulation of TSG101 by small interfering RNA inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells through the MAPK/ERK signal pathway. Histol Histopathol 2011; 26:87-94. [PMID: 21117030 DOI: 10.14670/hh-26.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We designed to investigate the effects of down-regulating the tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) on the proliferation and apoptosis of the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and the role of the MAPK/ERK signal pathway in this process. The siRNA against TSG101 was transfected into the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line using Lipofectamine 2000. After TSG101 knockdown, the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was measured by the MTT assay. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined by using flow cytometry while cell migration was measured using a transwell assay. The protein level of p-ERK was further assessed by immunofluorescence and western blotting. Our results are as following, the MCF-7 cells transfected with TSG101 siRNA proliferated significantly slower and exhibited significantly increased rates of apoptosis compared to the control cells. In the TSG101 siRNA transfected cells, the percentage of cells in the G₀/G₁ and S phase of the cell cycle was significantly higher and lower, respectively, compared to the control cells. Moreover, the migration ability of TSG101 siRNA transfected cells was lower than the control groups. Lastly, the level of p-ERK protein in TSG101 siRNA transfected cells was significantly decreased compared with the control cells. In conclusion, TSG101 knockdown in breast cancer cells induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. The TSG101 depleted cells are arrested at the G₁/S transition of the cell cycle. The migration of breast cancer cells is also impaired by TSG101 siRNA. TSG101 may play a biological role through modulation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in breast cancer.
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Cheng J, Lv J, Li CY, Xue Y, Huang Z, Zheng W. Clinical outcomes of ovulation induction with metformin, clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Int Med Res 2010; 38:1250-8. [PMID: 20925997 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study evaluated the effects of coadministration of metformin with clomiphene citrate (CC) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) in women with CC-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Sixty women with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive 3 months' treatment with metformin or placebo together with CC and HMG. Transvaginal ultrasound was used to monitor follicular development and ovulation was induced by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). The number of dominant follicles, the oestradiol level on the day HCG was given and the amount of HMG required were significantly lower in the metformin group than in the placebo group, whereas the mono-ovulatory rate and pregnancy rate in the third cycle were significantly higher. The cumulative pregnancy rate in the metformin group (43.3%) was higher than in the placebo group (20.0%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, coadministration of metformin with CC and HMG reduced the amount of HMG required and increased the mono-ovulatory rate and pregnancy rate.
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Chen LM, Xu YH, Zhou CL, Zhao J, Li CY, Wang R. Overexpression of CDR1 and CDR2 genes plays an important role in fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans with G487T and T916C mutations. J Int Med Res 2010; 38:536-45. [PMID: 20515567 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate potential resistance mechanisms by studying the expression of resistant genes in 14 fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans isolates, with G487T and T916C mutations in the 14alpha-demethylase (ERG11) gene, collected from human immunodeficiency virus uninfected patients and a fluconazole-susceptible control strain. The in vitro susceptibilities of the C. albicans isolates to fluconazole were determined using the broth microdilution method and a disc diffusion assay. Expression of Candida drug resistance (CDR)1, CDR2, ERG11, fluconazole resistance (FLU)1 and multidrug resistance (MDR)1 genes was measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and evaluated relative to the expression of the control gene 18SrRNA. The CDR1 and CDR2 genes were upregulated in all the fluconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates, whereas only a few isolates showed high expression of MDR1, FLU1 and ERG11 genes compared with the control strain. In conclusion, overexpression of the CDR1 and CDR2 genes may play an important role in fluconazole-resistant C. albicans with G487T and T916C mutations.
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Fan X, Shangguan L, Li M, Li CY, Liu B. Functional polymorphisms of the FAS/FASLG genes are associated with risk of alopecia areata in a Chinese population: a case-control analysis. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:340-4. [PMID: 20394629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Fas/Fas ligand system plays a key role in regulating cell growth and apoptosis. Previous findings have suggested that FAS and FASLG polymorphisms are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hepatitis, vitiligo and other autoimmune-related disorders. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reported study on the associations between FAS and FASLG polymorphisms and the risk of alopecia areata. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between FAS and FASLG polymorphisms and the risk of alopecia areata in a Chinese Han population. METHODS In a hospital-based case-control study of 84 patients with alopecia areata and 84 controls, we genotyped FAS 1377G>A, FAS 670A>G and FASLG 844T>C polymorphisms and assessed their association with alopecia areata risk. RESULTS We found that a reduced risk of alopecia areata appeared to be associated with the FAS 670AG genotype [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-0.86] when compared with the FAS 670AA genotype, but no risk was associated with any of the FAS 1377G>A and FASLG 844T>C genotypes. In the combined analysis, we found that the presence in individuals of two at-risk alleles of the three FAS/FASLG polymorphisms was associated with a lower risk of alopecia areata (adjusted OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.05-0.89) when compared with the presence of six at-risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that genetic variants in the FAS and FASLG genes may contribute to the aetiology of alopecia areata.
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Guan WJ, Liu CQ, Li CY, Liu D, Zhang WX, Ma YH. Establishment and cryopreservation of a fibroblast cell line derived from Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris). CRYO LETTERS 2010; 31:130-138. [PMID: 20687455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Bengal tiger ear marginal tissue fibroblasts cell line (BTF22), containing 157 tubes of frozen cells, was successfully established by using primary explants technique and cell cryoconservation technology. Biological analysis showed that the population doubling time (PDT) for revival cells was approximately 28 h. Measurement of LDH and MDH isoenzymes showed no cross-contamination among the cells. Karyotyping showed that the frequency of cells with chromosome number 2n = 38 was 90.6-92.2%. Tests for bacteria, fungi, viruses and mycoplasma were negative. Plasmids encoding the fluorescent proteins pEGFP-N3, pEGFP-C1, pECFP-N1, pECFP-mito, pDsRed1-N1, and pEYFP-N1 were transfected into cells to study exogenous gene expression in the cells. The plasmid transfection efficiency was between 4.4% and 31.9%. Every index of the BTF22 cell line meets all the standard quality controls of American type Culture Collection (ATCC). Not only has the germline of this important Bengal tiger species been preserved at the cell level, but also valuable material had been provided for genome, postgenome and somacloning research. Moreover, the establishment of this technical platform would provide both technical and theoretical support for storing the genetic resources of other animals and poultry at the cell level.
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White JR, Fulweiler RW, Li CY, Bargu S, Walker ND, Twilley RR, Green SE. Mississippi River flood of 2008: observations of a large freshwater diversion on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a shallow estuarine lake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:5599-5604. [PMID: 19731650 DOI: 10.1021/es900318t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
High nitrogen (N) loading to coastal aquatic systems can be expressed as increased algal production and subsequent low dissolved oxygen. In April, 2008, predictions for extreme flood stage for the Lower Mississippi River triggered the opening of the Bonnet Carré Spillway, a major release valve for the river. The spillway diverted approximately 8 km3 of water over one month of operation into Lake Pontchartrain with a concomitant 10000 t of NO3-N. Satellite imagery, physical, water quality, and chlorophyll a (chl a) measurements show that the Mississippi River plume mixed with < 40% of the lake during this time, and much of the nutrient load was transported to the coastal ocean. Nitrate, dissolved reactive phosphorus (P), and dissolved silica (Si) concentrations were 4.8, 5.0, and 3.2 times higher, respectively, within the river plume when compared with those of the lake water. Despite the high nutrient concentrations within the river plume, phytoplankton biomass, evidenced by chl a concentrations, was low. Much of the nutrient load appeared to bypass the lake and was transported to the coastal ocean during the opening of the diversion. The potential removal of a total of 7.6% of the N load from the Mississippi River during the one month of flood level flow may have been a contributing factor in the lower than predicted hypoxia zone off the Louisiana coast during the summer of 2008.
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Zhou Z, Li CY, Li K, Wang T, Zhang B, Gao TW. Decreased methionine sulphoxide reductase A expression renders melanocytes more sensitive to oxidative stress: a possible cause for melanocyte loss in vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:504-9. [PMID: 19558554 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methionine is one of the major targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is readily oxidized to methionine-S-sulphoxide and methionine-R-sulphoxide, which can be reduced by methionine sulphoxide reductase (MSR) A and B, respectively. MSR represents a unique repair mechanism in the skin antioxidant network. It functions both as a protein repairer and as a ROS scavenger. However, the expression and activity of MSR are significantly reduced in vitiligo. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the decreased expression of MSRA is one of the reasons why melanocytes are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress in vitiligo. Methods We downregulated MSRA expression in immortalized human epidermal melanocyte cell line PIG1 by using the short interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeted gene silencing method. We checked the changes in MSRA transcript and protein level by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Then we monitored the viability of MSRA-silenced melanocytes under oxidative stress. All statistical analysis was performed by unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. RESULTS The siRNA specific for MSRA successfully suppressed MSRA expression in melanocytes. The lower MSRA expression in melanocytes led to an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, resulting in more cell death. Furthermore, a remarkable loss of viable cells was found in MSRA-silenced melanocytes even in the absence of exogenously added oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS MSRA is crucial for melanocytes to fight against oxidative stress in vitiligo. In addition, it is also important for normal cell survival. Any means to enhance MSRA appears to have therapeutic potential for the treatment of vitiligo.
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Leung TF, Ko FWS, Sy HY, Wong E, Li CY, Yung E, Hui DSC, Wong GWK, Lai CKW. Identifying uncontrolled asthma in young children: clinical scores or objective variables? J Asthma 2009; 46:130-5. [PMID: 19253117 DOI: 10.1080/02770900802468533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several international asthma guidelines emphasize the importance of assessing asthma control. However, there is limited data on the usefulness of available assessment tools in indicating disease control in young asthmatics. This study investigated the ability of Chinese version of Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) and other disease-related factors in identifying uncontrolled asthma (UA) in young children. METHODS During the same clinic visit, asthma patients 4 to 11 years of age completed C-ACT and underwent exhaled nitric oxide and spirometric measurements. Blinded to these results, the same investigator assigned Disease Severity Score (DSS) and rated asthma control according to Global Initiative for Asthma. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of 113 recruited patients was 9.1 (2.0) years, and 35% of them had UA. C-ACT, DSS and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) differed among patients with different control status (p < 0.001 for C-ACT and DSS; p = 0.014 for FEV(1)). Logistic regression confirmed that UA was associated with DSS (p < 0.001), PEF (p = 0.002), C-ACT (p = 0.011), and FEV(1) (p = 0.012). By ROC analysis, C-ACT and DSS were the best predictors for UA (p < 0.001), followed by PEF (p = 0.006) and FEV(1) (p = 0.007). When analyzed by the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) approach, the sequential use of DSS and C-ACT had 77% sensitivity and 84% specificity in identifying UA. CONCLUSIONS C-ACT is better than objective parameters in identifying young Chinese children with UA.
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Leung TF, Li CY, Liu EKH, Tang NLS, Chan IHS, Yung E, Wong GWK, Lam CWK. Asthma and atopy are associated with DEFB1 polymorphisms in Chinese children. Genes Immun 2009; 7:59-64. [PMID: 16435024 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human beta-defensin (HBD)-1 is constitutively expressed in the airway, and hBD-1 plays crucial roles in innate immunity against respiratory pathogens. Asthma was associated with DEFB1 polymorphisms in Caucasians. This study investigates whether three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 5'-untranslated region of DEFB1 are associated with asthma phenotypes in Chinese children. Subjects aged 5-18 years were recruited from general pediatric clinics. Plasma IgE concentrations were measured by immunoassays. DEFB1 SNPs were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism. In all, 305 asthmatics and 156 controls were recruited. For asthma diagnosis, atopy and plasma total IgE, higher percentages of subjects with these outcomes had the minor alleles -20A and -52G (P = 0.041-0.0002). For log-transformed total IgE, the covariate was positive and significant for G-20A under recessive model (P = 0.001) and for G-52A under both recessive and codominant models (P = 0.008 and 0.035). The recessive model covariate was also positive and significant (P = 0.020) for C-44G on peripheral blood eosinophil count. The GCA haplotype of DEFB1 was significantly associated with asthma (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.64 (1.05-2.57); P = 0.029). These results suggest that DEFB1 is a candidate gene for asthma and atopy in children.
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