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Gniadecki R, Robertson D, Molta C, Freundlich B, Pedersen R, Li W, Boggs R, Zbrozek A. Self-reported health outcomes in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis randomized to two etanercept regimens. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:1436-43. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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77
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Mulders W, Robertson D. Progressive centralization of midbrain hyperactivity after acoustic trauma. Neuroscience 2011; 192:753-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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78
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Robertson D, Mirkovic D, Mohan R, Beddar S. WE-E-BRB-01: Voxelized Quenching Correction for Proton Pencil Beams in a Liquid Scintillator Detector. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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79
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McLetchie NG, Robertson D. Chlorinated Naphthalene Poisoning. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2011; 1:691-2. [PMID: 20784263 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.4248.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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80
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Garland EM, Raj SR, Peltier AC, Robertson D, Biaggioni I. A cross-sectional study contrasting olfactory function in autonomic disorders. Neurology 2011; 76:456-60. [PMID: 21282592 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31820a0caf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare odor identification function in patients with peripheral or central autonomic neurodegeneration and in patients with intact autonomic neurons but undetectable norepinephrine. METHODS Olfactory function was evaluated with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) in 12 patients with pure autonomic failure, 10 patients with multiple system atrophy, and 4 patients with dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency. Blood pressure and catecholamine data were also compared. RESULTS Odor identification was significantly impaired in patients with pure autonomic failure relative to patients with multiple system atrophy or dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency. Out of 40 odors, the patients correctly identified mean (95% confidence interval) 19.2 (14.1 to 24.2), 34.4 (32.2 to 36.6), and 31.7 (29.4 to 34.1) (p < 0.001). The difference between patients with pure autonomic failure and those with multiple system atrophy or dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency persisted after adjustment for age (p = 0.001). Patients with pure autonomic failure also had a greater orthostatic fall in blood pressure and lower plasma norepinephrine levels than patients with multiple system atrophy. CONCLUSIONS Olfactory function was relatively intact in patients with dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency, who have intact noradrenergic neurons but lack norepinephrine. Odor identification was impaired in pure autonomic failure but not in multiple system atrophy, suggesting that 1) peripheral noradrenergic innervation is important for olfactory identification but norepinephrine is not essential and 2) UPSIT may be useful in the differential diagnosis between these disorders.
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81
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Smolen JS, Kay J, Doyle MK, Landewe R, Matteson E, Wollenhaupt J, Gaylis N, Murphy FT, Zhou Y, Visvanathan S, Hsia EC, Rahman MU, Nash P, Breedveld FC, Robertson D, Foehl J, Ferdousi T, Freundlich B, Koenig A, Ozdemirel AE, Erdem HR, Nacir B, Karagoz A. Thematic stream: inflammatory arthritis: BPP1. Golimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Previously Treated with Anti-Tnf Alpha Agents: 2 Year Results from go-after Study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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82
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Peterson SW, Robertson D, Polf J. Optimizing a three-stage Compton camera for measuring prompt gamma rays emitted during proton radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:6841-56. [PMID: 21048295 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/22/015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the use of a three-stage Compton camera to measure secondary prompt gamma rays emitted from patients treated with proton beam radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was (1) to develop an optimal three-stage Compton camera specifically designed to measure prompt gamma rays emitted from tissue and (2) to determine the feasibility of using this optimized Compton camera design to measure and image prompt gamma rays emitted during proton beam irradiation. The three-stage Compton camera was modeled in Geant4 as three high-purity germanium detector stages arranged in parallel-plane geometry. Initially, an isotropic gamma source ranging from 0 to 15 MeV was used to determine lateral width and thickness of the detector stages that provided the optimal detection efficiency. Then, the gamma source was replaced by a proton beam irradiating a tissue phantom to calculate the overall efficiency of the optimized camera for detecting emitted prompt gammas. The overall calculated efficiencies varied from ∼ 10(-6) to 10(-3) prompt gammas detected per proton incident on the tissue phantom for several variations of the optimal camera design studied. Based on the overall efficiency results, we believe it feasible that a three-stage Compton camera could detect a sufficient number of prompt gammas to allow measurement and imaging of prompt gamma emission during proton radiotherapy.
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Cronin-Fenton DP, Riis AH, Lash TL, Dalton SO, Friis S, Robertson D, Sørensen HT. Antidepressant use and colorectal cancer risk: a Danish population-based case-control study. Br J Cancer 2010; 104:188-92. [PMID: 20877356 PMCID: PMC3039807 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Earlier research suggests that use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but not tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), reduces the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: We conducted a population-based case–control study to investigate the association between antidepressant use and CRC risk. Cases were diagnosed with a first primary CRC from 1991 through 2008. We selected 10 population controls matched to cases on sex, birth year, and residence from the Danish Civil Registration System using risk-set sampling. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating antidepressant use with colorectal cancer occurrence, controlling for potential confounders. Results: The study included 9979 cases and 99 790 controls. We found no notable reduction in CRC risk in ever users (⩾2 prescriptions) of TCAs (OR=0.94; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.05), SSRIs (OR=0.97; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.05), or other antidepressants (OR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.07). Associations for recent and former use of antidepressants were also near null. Intensity of antidepressant use (number of pills divided by total duration of use), regardless of duration, was not associated with CRC risk. Conclusions: We found no evidence that antidepressant use substantially reduces the risk of colorectal cancer.
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84
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Prinz JC, FitzGerald O, Boggs RL, Foehl J, Robertson D, Pedersen R, Molta CT, Freundlich B. Combination of skin, joint and quality of life outcomes with etanercept in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in the PRESTA trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 25:559-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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85
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Toal F, Daly EM, Page L, Deeley Q, Hallahan B, Bloemen O, Cutter WJ, Brammer MJ, Curran S, Robertson D, Murphy C, Murphy KC, Murphy DGM. Clinical and anatomical heterogeneity in autistic spectrum disorder: a structural MRI study. Psychol Med 2010; 40:1171-1181. [PMID: 19891805 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709991541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by stereotyped/obsessional behaviours and social and communicative deficits. However, there is significant variability in the clinical phenotype; for example, people with autism exhibit language delay whereas those with Asperger syndrome do not. It remains unclear whether localized differences in brain anatomy are associated with variation in the clinical phenotype. METHOD We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate brain anatomy in adults with ASD. We included 65 adults diagnosed with ASD (39 with Asperger syndrome and 26 with autism) and 33 controls who did not differ significantly in age or gender. RESULTS VBM revealed that subjects with ASD had a significant reduction in grey-matter volume of medial temporal, fusiform and cerebellar regions, and in white matter of the brainstem and cerebellar regions. Furthermore, within the subjects with ASD, brain anatomy varied with clinical phenotype. Those with autism demonstrated an increase in grey matter in frontal and temporal lobe regions that was not present in those with Asperger syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Adults with ASD have significant differences from controls in the anatomy of brain regions implicated in behaviours characterizing the disorder, and this differs according to clinical subtype.
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Plaza-Menacho I, Morandi A, Robertson D, Pancholi S, Drury S, Dowsett M, Martin LA, Isacke CM. Targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase RET sensitizes breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment and reveals a role for RET in endocrine resistance. Oncogene 2010; 29:4648-57. [PMID: 20531297 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is the main therapeutic option for patients with estrogen receptor (ERalpha)-positive breast cancer. Resistance to this treatment is often associated with estrogen-independent activation of ERalpha. In this study, we show that in ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells, activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase RET (REarranged during Transfection) by its ligand GDNF results in increased ERalpha phosphorylation on Ser118 and Ser167 and estrogen-independent activation of ERalpha transcriptional activity. Further, we identify mTOR as a key component in this downstream signaling pathway. In tamoxifen response experiments, RET downregulation resulted in 6.2-fold increase in sensitivity of MCF7 cells to antiproliferative effects of tamoxifen, whereas GDNF stimulation had a protective effect against the drug. In tamoxifen-resistant (TAM(R)-1) MCF7 cells, targeting RET restored tamoxifen sensitivity. Finally, examination of two independent tissue microarrays of primary human breast cancers revealed that expression of RET protein was significantly associated with ERalpha-positive tumors and that in primary tumors from patients who subsequently developed invasive recurrence after adjuvant tamoxifen treatment, there was a twofold increase in the number of RET-positive tumors. Together these findings identify RET as a potentially important therapeutic target in ERalpha-positive breast cancers and in particular in tamoxifen-resistant tumors.
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Peterson S, Robertson D, Polf J. SU-GG-J-156: Optimizing a 3-Stage Compton Camera for Imaging Prompt Gammas during Proton Irradiation. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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88
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Zhu X, Sahoo N, Zhang X, Robertson D, Li H, Choi S, Lee A, Gillin M. MO-FF-A3-03: The Impact of Monitor Unit Constraints on Plan Quality of IMPT Planning Using Single-Field Optimization. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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89
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Robertson D, Poenisch F, Archambault L, Sahoo N, Gillin M, Mohan R, Beddar S. SU-GG-T-460: Liquid Scintillator Dosimetry for Passive Scattering Proton Beam Quality Assurance. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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90
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Archambault L, Poenisch F, Polf J, Robertson D, Sahoo N, Gillin M, Mohan R, Beddar S. WE-A-BRA-01: A 3D Liquid Scintillator Detector System for Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy: Online Measurements of Proton Spots Intensity. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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91
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Robertson D, Peterson S, Polf J. SU-GG-J-160: Monte Carlo Optimization of a Three-Stage Compton Camera for Prompt Gamma Imaging and Spectroscopy: Materials and Geometry. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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92
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Dong S, Rodger J, Mulders WHAM, Robertson D. Tonotopic changes in GABA receptor expression in guinea pig inferior colliculus after partial unilateral hearing loss. Brain Res 2010; 1342:24-32. [PMID: 20438718 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the topographic distribution of the alpha1 subunit of the GABA receptor (GABRA1) in guinea pig inferior colliculus after treatments that caused a unilateral loss of peripheral neural sensitivity in the high-frequency regions of the cochlea. Both forms of treatment (direct mechanical lesion of the cochlea and acoustic overstimulation) resulted in a significant decrease in GABRA1 labeling in regions of the contralateral inferior colliculus in which high-frequency sound stimuli are represented. This localized region of reduced inhibitory receptor expression corresponds to the region in which hyperactivity of inferior colliculus neurons has been shown to develop after such treatments. The results strengthen the notion of a causal link between reduced GABRA1 expression and neural hyperactivity in central auditory nuclei and provide a possible mechanism for the development of phantom auditory sensations, or tinnitus.
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Zhu XR, Sahoo N, Zhang X, Robertson D, Li H, Choi S, Lee AK, Gillin MT. Intensity modulated proton therapy treatment planning using single-field optimization: the impact of monitor unit constraints on plan quality. Med Phys 2010; 37:1210-9. [PMID: 20384258 DOI: 10.1118/1.3314073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of monitor unit (MU) constraints on the dose distribution created by intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment planning using single-field optimization (SFO). METHODS Ninety-four energies between 72.5 and 221.8 MeV are available for scanning beam IMPT delivery at our institution. The minimum and maximum MUs for delivering each pencil beam (spot) are 0.005 and 0.04, respectively. These MU constraints are not considered during optimization by the treatment planning system; spots are converted to deliverable MUs during postprocessing. Treatment plans for delivering uniform doses to rectangular volumes with and without MU constraints were generated for different target doses, spot spacings, spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) widths, and ranges in a homogeneous phantom. Four prostate cancer patients were planned with and without MU constraints using different spot spacings. Rounding errors were analyzed using an in-house software tool. RESULTS From the phantom study, the authors have found that both the number of spots that have rounding errors and the magnitude of the distortion of the dose distribution from the ideally optimized distribution increases as the field dose, spot spacing, and range decrease and as the SOBP width increases. From our study of patient plans, it is clear that as the spot spacing decreases the rounding error increases, and the dose coverage of the target volume becomes unacceptable for very small spot spacings. CONCLUSIONS Constraints on deliverable MU for each spot could create a significant distortion from the ideally optimized dose distributions for IMPT fields using SFO. To eliminate this problem, the treatment planning system should incorporate the MU constraints in the optimization process and the delivery system should reliably delivery smaller minimum MUs.
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Jadon DR, Cavill C, Waldron N, Barton A, Korendowych E, McHugh NJ, Coates LC, Helliwell PS, van der Heijde D, Emery P, Patra K, Lavie F, Skerrett J, van der Weide I, Barlow J, Keat A, Gladman D, Kavanaugh A, Chattopadhyay C, Mease P, Krueger GG, Zrubek J, Beutler A, Hsu B, Mudivarthy S, Mack M, McInnes IB, Kirkham B, Fitzgerald O, Robertson D, Estojak J, Foehl J, Molta C, Freundlich B, Navarro F, Sueiro JLF, Torre Alonso JC, Queiro R, Gonzalez C, Gratacos J, Loza E, Linares L, Zarco P, Juanola X, Andres Roman Ivorra J, Martin Mola E, Sanmarti R, Mulero J, Diaz G, Alfonso E, Collantes E, Healey EL, Haywood KL, Jordan KP, Garratt AM, Packham JC. Concurrent Oral 6 - Spondylarthropathies [OP40-OP47]: OP40. Association of IL23R and IL12B Polymorphisms with Psoriatic Arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shelton-Rayner GK, Macdonald DW, Chandler S, Robertson D, Mian R. Leukocyte reactivity as an objective means of quantifying mental loading during ergonomic evaluation. Cell Immunol 2010. [PMID: 20299010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.02.011)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress evokes rapid changes to the cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems, responses that can become habituated following repeated exposure. This study, comprising of two phases, suggests that the immune system follows a similar trend. Phase 1: 15 healthy subjects (aged between 26 and 56years) provided capillary blood samples before and after completing three basic tasks using, in turn, two automotive touch screen interfaces (Interface 1-antecedent version, Interface 2-improved version). Using a chemiluminescent technique termed leukocyte coping capacity (LCC), the ability of leukocytes to produce reactive oxygen species in vitro was assessed. Significant differences in leukocyte activity were shown between treatment groups, where the greatest post-test decrease occurred after using Interface 1. Phase 2: a randomly selected sub-group (n=4) underwent weekly repeat testing using both interfaces. Significant differences in post-test leukocyte reactivity were exhibited between test weeks for each interface-the magnitude of response decreasing with successive exposure.
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Kekow J, Moots RJ, Emery P, Durez P, Koenig A, Singh A, Pedersen R, Robertson D, Freundlich B, Sato R. Patient-reported outcomes improve with etanercept plus methotrexate in active early rheumatoid arthritis and the improvement is strongly associated with remission: the COMET trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:222-5. [PMID: 19293160 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of etanercept (ETN) 50 mg once weekly plus methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX alone on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and the relationship between remission and PRO improvement. METHODS In this double-blind, randomised clinical trial (COMET), PROs included: the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), EuroQoL health status, fatigue and pain visual analogue scales, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Medical Outcomes Short-Form-36. Mean changes from baseline were analysed by analysis of covariance using the last observation carried forward method. Results from week 52 are presented. RESULTS Most PROs demonstrated significantly greater improvements with ETN+MTX than MTX alone, including physical functioning, pain, fatigue and overall health status. A significantly greater improvement in HAQ score was observed in the ETN+MTX than the MTX group (-1.02 vs -0.72; p<0.001) and a greater proportion reached the minimal clinically important difference of 0.22 (88% vs 78%; p<0.006). The relationship between PRO score and clinical status indicated that improvement was greatest among patients achieving remission. CONCLUSIONS Early treatment with ETN+MTX leads to significantly greater improvements in multiple dimensions of PROs than MTX alone. The close relationship between disease activity and PRO improvement suggests that early treatment, with remission as a goal, should maximise the chance of restoring normal functioning and HRQoL.
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Shelton-Rayner G, Macdonald D, Chandler S, Robertson D, Mian R. Leukocyte reactivity as an objective means of quantifying mental loading during ergonomic evaluation. Cell Immunol 2010; 263:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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98
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Mulders W, Robertson D. Hyperactivity in the auditory midbrain after acoustic trauma: dependence on cochlear activity. Neuroscience 2009; 164:733-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mulders W, Paolini A, Needham K, Robertson D. Synaptic responses in cochlear nucleus neurons evoked by activation of the olivocochlear system. Hear Res 2009; 256:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Robertson D, O'Donnell M, Boyle Y, Smith L, Robertson J, Ramakrishnan Y, Cookson L, Chizh B. 408 A PILOT STUDY OF MARKERS OF PERIPHERAL AFFERENT ACTIVATION AND NEUROGENIC INFLAMMATION IN THE ELECTRICAL HYPERALGESIA MODEL USING MICRODIALYSIS. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)60411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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