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Jian M, Du Q, Zhu D, Mao Z, Wang X, Feng Y, Xiao Z, Wang H, Zhu Y. Tumor suppressor miR-145-5p sensitizes prolactinoma to bromocriptine by downregulating TPT1. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:639-652. [PMID: 30370446 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prolactinoma is the most commonly seen secretory tumor of pituitary glands, which accounts for approximately up to 40% of total pituitary adenomas. Due to its high drug resistance, dopamine agonist, such as bromocriptine, has limited effect on the treatment of patients with prolactinoma. Recent discoveries have revealed that multiple miRNAs were involved in regulating drug resistance. In this research, we explored the relationship between miR-145-5p expression as well as bromocriptine sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS To study the role of miR-145-5p in drug resistance of prolactinoma, the expression levels of miR-145-5p in bromocriptine-resistant prolactinoma cell line MMQ/BRC and its parental cell line MMQ cells, 24 bromocriptine-resistant as well as eight sensitive clinical samples were measured by qRT-PCR. Moreover, CCK8, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were performed to identify the biological characteristics of MMQ/BRC and MMQ. TPT1 was predicted as a direct target gene of miR-145-5p by bioinformatic methods. In addition, qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of TPT1 in clinical specimens and cell lines. Xenograft mouse model was constructed to analyze whether miR-145-5p could reverse bromocriptine resistance in prolactinoma in vivo. RESULTS In our study, bromocriptine-resistant prolactinoma clinical samples and cell line had decreased miR-145-5p levels and expressed high levels of TPT1 compared with their sensitive counterparts. Bioinformatic methods and our preliminary dual luciferase reporter assay were utilized to elucidate that TPT1 was a direct target gene of miR-145-5p. Furthermore, introducing miR-145-5p mimic into MMQ cells led to a decrease of IC50 along with upregulation of TPT1; nevertheless, transfecting the corresponding inhibitor into MMQ cells resulted in an upregulation of IC50 as well as reduction of TPT1. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings elucidated the role of miR-145-5p as an important regulator of drug resistance in prolactinoma by controlling TPT1, and implicated the potential application of miR-145-5p in cancer therapy as well.
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Deng C, Zhu D, Chen Y, Yang B, Rong Z. 933 TRAF4 promotes fibroblast proliferation in keloids by destabilizing p53 via interacting with the deubiquitinase USP10. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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78
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Feng M, Jin JQ, Xia L, Xiao T, Mei S, Wang X, Huang X, Chen J, Liu M, Chen C, Rafi S, Zhu AX, Feng YX, Zhu D. Pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin/BCL9 interaction overcomes resistance to immune checkpoint blockades by modulating T reg cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau5240. [PMID: 31086813 PMCID: PMC6506245 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau5240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin (β-cat) pathway plays a critical role in cancer. Using hydrocarbon-stapled peptide technologies, we aim to develop potent, selective inhibitors targeting this pathway by disrupting the interaction of β-cat with its coactivators B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) and B-cell lymphoma 9-like (B9L). We identified a set of peptides, including hsBCL9CT-24, that robustly inhibits the activity of β-cat and suppresses cancer cell growth. In animal models, these peptides exhibit potent anti-tumor effects, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and minimal toxicities. Markedly, these peptides promote intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells by reducing regulatory T cells (Treg) and increasing dendritic cells (DCs), therefore sensitizing cancer cells to PD-1 inhibitors. Given the strong correlation between Treg infiltration and APC mutation in colorectal cancers, it indicates our peptides can reactivate anti-cancer immune response suppressed by the oncogenic Wnt pathway. In summary, we report a promising strategy for cancer therapy by pharmacological inhibition of the Wnt/β-cat signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chemokine CCL20/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CCL20/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL22/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CCL22/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Peptides/metabolism
- Peptides/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/chemistry
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Luo X, Liu Y, Jia R, Shen H, Wang X, Wang M, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Yin Z, Cheng A. Ultrastructure of duck Tembusu virus observed by electron microscopy with negative staining. Acta Virol 2019; 62:330-332. [PMID: 30160149 DOI: 10.4149/av_2018_227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging enveloped flavivirus. This study shows the ultrastructure of DTMUV using viral purification, negative staining and electron microscopy. Electron microscopic examinations revealed mature DTMUV particles with 50 to 75 nm in diameter and typical enveloped flavivirus structure that consists of the internal nucleocapsid, an inner layer of lipid bilayer and an external layer of E glycoprotein ectodomain. Particles appear to be mostly spherical. In particular, RNA core is deep colored and dense, both capsid and lipid bilayer are clearly visible, the capsid forms regular hexagon, and E glycoprotein ectodomain forms a fringe instead of visible spikes. Thus, this report about the clear ultrastructure of the DTMUV particles will be the major driving forces behind structural biology of DTMUV.
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Zhu D, Ding R, Li LJ, Zheng YM, Wang H. Effects of T cell subsets with different proportions on renal function and blood lipids in patients with preeclampsia. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:73-80. [PMID: 30734549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of T cell subsets with different proportions on renal function and blood lipids in patients with preeclampsia (PE). Ninety pregnant women were included in this experiment and classified into 3 groups: group A (30 with severe PE), group B (30 with mild PE) and group C (30 healthy pregnant women). Clinical characteristics were examined. The ratio of T cell subsets in the three groups was detected by flow cytometry. The relationship between PE and T cell subsets was determined. The results showed that no significant difference was found in age or gestational age (P>0.05). The number of CD4+ T cells (CD4 is mainly expressed in helper T cells, referred to as TH) in group A increased significantly compared with group B and group C (P less than 0.05), while the number of CD8+ T cells (CD8+ T cell, also known as cytotoxic T cell (CTL) in group A decreased noticeably in comparison to group C (P less than 0.05). The ratio of CD4+ cell number to CD8+ cell number (TH/CTL) in group A was elevated significantly compared with group B and group C (P less than 0.05). The uric acid (UA) concentration of group A was noticeably elevated compared to group C (P less than 0.05), which differed insignificantly between group B and C (P>0.05). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of group A was obviously impaired in comparison to group B and group C (P less than 0.05), which differed insignificantly between group B and C (P>0.05). Total cholesterol (TC) concentrations in group A, C and B were examined. TC concentrations in the former two groups were slightly higher compared to the latter (P less than 0.05), and those in the former two groups were also higher than the normal range (P less than 0.05). Mean triglyceride (TG) concentrations in all 3 groups were above the normal range, and those in group A and B were significantly higher compared to group C (P less than 0.05). TG concentrations differed insignificantly between group B and C (P>0.05). Serum TG, UA and TC in PE patients were positively related to TH/CTL (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, PE is related to T cell subsets, and T cell subsets are closely related to kidney injury and dyslipidemia.
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Yuan J, Wang J, Ma J, Zhu D, Zhang Z, Li J. Paediatric cerebral palsy prevalence and high-risk factors in Henan province, Central China. J Rehabil Med 2019; 51:47-53. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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82
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Wang L, Gao C, Zhu D, Chen LH. [Effect of functional exercises on patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2018; 50:991-997. [PMID: 30562770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of functional exercises on disease activity, joint function and quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Randomized controlled trials were searched in Cochrane Library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database and Wanfang database with keywords being "rheumatoid arthritis/RA", "function exercise (training)/joint exercise (training)/physical exercise (training)/resistance movement (exercise)/isotonic and isometric/stretching exercise/muscle exercise", and "trials/clinical trials". Then literature selection, extraction and literature quality evaluation were carried out by two of the authors independently following the including and excluding standards. Then the outcome indicators were analyzed with Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS In the study, 2 173 articles were achieved by searching in databases, including 1 522 English papers and 651 Chinese papers. Then 913 duplicated papers were identified and removed using EndNote software. After reading the titles and abstracts, 1 194 papers were excluded that did not satisfy the including standards. Finally, the full texts of these papers were read and papers with insufficient data were excluded, resulting in 13 included papers for systematic review, including 8 English and 5 Chinese papers. A total of 812 cases were studied in these papers, including 426 in the experimental groups and 386 in the conventional groups. For the outcome index in these articles, disease activity score 28 (DAS28) was used in 5 of them, health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) was used in 8 articles, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain was used in 6 articles, and morning stiffness duration was used in 3 articles. The meta-analysis showed that functional exercises could delay the development of the disease activity of RA patients (mean difference=-0.76; 95%CI: -1.13, -0.38; P<0.001), improve the joint function (mean difference=-0.36; 95%CI: -0.47, -0.24; P<0.001), alleviate the pain of joints (mean difference=-1.75; 95%CI: -1.98, -1.53; P<0.001), and reduce the duration of morning stiffness (mean difference=-17.65; 95%CI: -22.09, -13.21; P<0.001). CONCLUSION This study showed the positive effects of functional exercises on alleviating the pain of joints, reducing the morning stiffness duration, and delaying the disease exacerbation of RA patients. It has a positive effect on improving the joint function and improving the quality of life in patients with RA.
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Zhang J, Launay K, Hill NS, Zhu D, Cox N, Langley J, Lalevée J, Stenzel MH, Coote ML, Xiao P. Disubstituted Aminoanthraquinone-Based Photoinitiators for Free Radical Polymerization and Fast 3D Printing under Visible Light. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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84
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Tu M, Liu P, Liu F, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Sun K, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen X, Cheng A, Chen S. Construction of expression vectors of capsid proteins from goose parvovirus and investigation of the immunogenicity. Acta Virol 2018; 62:415-423. [PMID: 30472872 DOI: 10.4149/av_2018_410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Goose parvovirus (GPV) is a highly contagious and lethal disease in goslings and Muscovy ducklings, and is of concern to the waterfowl industry. With the aim of comparing the cellular immunogenicity of three capsid proteins of GPV, plasmids of pcDNA3.1(+)-VP1, pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2, and pcDNA3.1(+)-VP3 were constructed, and the recombinant protein VPs were expressed using an eukaryotic expression system. We detected the levels of immune-related genes (CD4, CD8α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNα, IFNγ, and IFNλ) in both goose embryo fibroblasts (GEF) and goose peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cellular models. The immune response conferred by a VP2 DNA vaccine in vivo was observed in a time course. Our data suggested that the cellular immune response to VP2 and VP3 was stronger than that to VP1, while VP2 and VP3 shared similar cellular immune reactivity. In addition, vaccination with VP2 plasmid can induce high level of IgY antibody that continued to increase through 28 days post vaccination. Therefore, our findings shed light on the host cellular immune response against GPV capsid proteins. Keywords: GPV; capsid proteins; cellular immune response; humoral immunity.
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Li G, Zhu D, Gao H, Chen H, Li Y, Niu Y. Oncologic outcomes of nephron-sparing surgery in patients with T1 multifocal renal cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:760-765. [PMID: 30443869 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is performed to explore the pathological characteristics and oncologic outcomes of T1 multifocal renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHODS The clinical data of 600 patients (442 males and 158 females) between the age of 29 and 73 years, diagnosed with T1 RCC were collected from three hospitals in China, out of which 421 cases had undergone nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) and 179 cases had undergone radical nephrectomy (RN) between December 2010 and January 2015. RESULTS Tumor was identified with multifocality in 32 patients (5.33%), out of which 21 were set to receive NSS, and 11 to receive RN, respectively; 21 cases of clear cell tumor, 8 cases of papillary tumor, 1 case of chromophobe tumor and 2 cases of Xp.11.2 translocation RCC. Among 568 cases of monofocal tumors, 400 patients underwent NSS, and the remaining 168 patients underwent RN, respectively. After a median follow-up of 5 years, 13 patients were found with recurrent tumors out of those who had undergone NSS, 11 with monofocal tumors and 2 with multifocal tumors containing satellite tumor nodules (p = 0.13). Out of the 32 individuals with multifocal RCC, 4 cases were reported to have died of cancer, 2 of NSS and 2 of RN. From these findings, the cancer-specific survival for NSS and RN was estimated to be 90.48% and 81.82%, respectively (p = 0.48). CONCLUSION The findings from the study suggested that there were pathological differences in multifocal renal tumors, and that papillary carcinoma may be more common than clear cell carcinoma. The recurrence rate and survival rate of multifocal RCC were similar to monofocal tumors. Tumor recurrence may be related to satellite tumor nodules, which can only be detected once surgery is performed.
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Liao WW, Gong YZ, Zhu D. [Granulocytic sarcoma of the colon in a child]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018; 56:874-875. [PMID: 30392216 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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87
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Chen X, Zhu D, Yang YG, Li ZS, Zhang Y, Xiao JW, Li B. [Effects of Blood-brain Barrier and Simulated metabolic system on Apoptosis of SH-SY5Y Induced by Acrylamide in Vitro]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2018; 36:401-407. [PMID: 30248731 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of acrylamide on the apoptosis of nerve cells by integral cell modelling in vitro which simulates the barrier effect and metabolic micro-environment. Methods: A non-contact and co-cultured in vitro blood brain barrier (BBB) model was established by using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and rat glioma cells (C6) . The trans-endotheilal electrical resistance (TEER) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracer effects were measured to verify the tight connectivity and permeability of the established BBB model. An integrate discrete multiple organ cell co-culture (idMOC) model was established by inoculating the human renal cortical proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) , human normal hepatocytes (L-02) and human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) into the self-made multi-organ plate for co-culturing. Then the model was verified by observing the growth curve of various tissue cells under co-culturing or culturing individually. SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to different concentrations of acrylamide directly and indirectly (through BBB model and idMOC model) . The changes of cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry to explore the impact of model on Acrylamide (ACR) injury of typical neurotoxic agents. Results: HUVEC cells can form a wide range of close-connected complex and then inhibit the external electric field under the cross-endothelial movement, and the mean was lower than that of endothelial cell culture group at 4, 5 and 6 days (P<0.05) ; After 20 min, the penetration rate of HRP in the co-culture group was less than that in the individual culture group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) , indicating that the barrier function of the co-culture group was higher than that of the individual culture group. All cells can exchange substances through the exchange hole of the culture plate, the cells grow well and there was no obvious death. The growth curve in individual culture group and co-culture group were basically the same, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) . Under the condition of different concentrations of ACR (140, 270 g/ml) , compared with the direct exposure group, the apoptosis rate of the BBB model and the idMOC model were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Based on HUVEC cells and C6 cells co-culture system, a blood-brain barrier model in vitro was established and based on co-culture of HK-2, L-02 and SH-SY5Y, the idMOC model was established. The toxicity and toxic action characteristics of ACR on SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated by validation tests.
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Ji X, Zhu D, Pikielny C, Gorlova O, Landi M, Field J, Brennan P, Johansson M, Hung R, Mckay J, Amos C. MA06.10 Germline Mutation in ATM Affect Lung Cancer Risk with High Effect. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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89
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Matchan EL, Phillips D, Traine E, Zhu D. Major element data, 40Ar/ 39Ar step-heating and step-crushing data for anorthoclase megacrysts from the Newer Volcanic Province, south-eastern Australia. Data Brief 2018; 19:1847-1851. [PMID: 30229058 PMCID: PMC6141373 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide the dataset associated with the research article “40Ar/39Ar ages of alkali feldspar xenocrysts constrain the timing of intraplate basaltic volcanism” Matchan et al. [1]. This dataset contains major element data for 15 large anorthoclase xenocrysts (‘megacrysts’) collected from six Pleistocene eruption centres (Mount Leura, Mount Shadwell, Mount Noorat, Mount Franklin, Lake Keilambete and The Anakies (East Cone)) in the basaltic Newer Volcanic Province of south-eastern Australia. It also contains multi-collector (Argus VI) 40Ar/39Ar step-heating for 13 of these anorthoclase megacrysts. 40Ar/39Ar vacuo step-crushing experiment data is also provided for three of these megacrysts.
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90
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Zhu D, Liu W, Zhang Z, Zheng C, Chen Y, Li C, Kuang C, Fan J, Xu Y, Liu X, Hussain A. Enhancement of fluorescence emission difference microscopy using conjugated vortex phase modulation. J Microsc 2018; 272:151-159. [PMID: 30338534 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an improved fluorescence emission difference microscopy (FED) method, exploiting programmable phase modulation for image enhancement. The main novelty of the proposed approach lies in the matched size and intensity of two excitation spots. The proposed method improves the FED performance on image quality via artefact elimination. We demonstrate the feasibility of this method through theoretical studies and experimental tests. The experimental results of nanobeads and cells validate the practical performance of this method, which can enable reliable observations at superresolution in biomedical studies. LAY DESCRIPTION: In this paper, we propose a method to improve the imaging quality of regular fluorescence emission difference (FED) microscopy. In regular FED imaging, a solid and a doughnut excitation beam are successively used to acquire two images which are then subtracted with each other to improve the resolution of confocal microscopy. The doughnut beam can be generated by modulating the excitation beam with a vortex phase mask. Note that both of the excitation beam and the vortex phase mask must have the same handed direction in regular FED microscopy. However, some negative values may be produced and some information may be lost due to the subtraction process in regular FED imaging, which is mainly caused by the mismatched size and intensity of these two excitation spots. To address this issue, we propose conjugated FED (cFED) microscopy which additionally uses a conjugated vortex phase mask to modulate the solid beam to extend its focal spot size to be matched with the doughnut spot, which means the handed direction of the solid beam and the vortex phase mask is different. Besides, in order not to damage the resolution, the doughnut beam needs to be saturated to some degree. The experiment results show that, at the same resolution level, the negative values and the information loss in cFED image are all less than that of regular FED image.
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Liu F, Wang H, Feng W, Ye X, Sun X, Jiang C, Chu X, Zhang P, Jiang C, Wang Y, Zhu D, Bi Y. Type 1 innate lymphoid cells are associated with type 2 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2018; 45:341-346. [PMID: 30189343 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) play a major role in regulating systemic inflammatory diseases. However, the relationship between ILC1s and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between ILC1s and glucose homoeostasis in humans. METHODS A total of 37 newly diagnosed T2D patients and 32 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), matched for age and body mass index (BMI), were enrolled in the study. Flow cytometric analysis of ILC1s derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and omental adipose tissue was performed. RESULTS T2D patients displayed greater numbers and frequencies of circulating and adipose tissue ILC1s (P < 0.05) compared with NGT subjects, and the two types of ILC1s correlated positively with each other. Circulating ILC1s were positively associated with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR) and serum free fatty acids (FFAs). A logistic regression model revealed that patients with higher ILC1 levels exhibited a 13.481-fold greater risk of developing T2D. CONCLUSION This study is the first to provide evidence that ILC1 abnormalities are involved in the development of diabetes. The data also suggest a potential role of ILC1s as therapeutic indicators in the treatment of T2D.
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Shelby ML, Hayes D, Lestrange P, Fransted K, Lemke H, Zhu D, Li X, Chen LX. Ultrafast reaction pathways in a metalloprotein revealed by optical polarization selected X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767318095508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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93
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Zhu D, McCague K, Lin W, Rong R, Xu M, Chan L, Zhu T. Outcome of Kidney Transplantation From Donor After Cardiac Death: Reanalysis of the US Mycophenolic Renal Transplant Registry. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1258-1263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hou Y, Cai L, Wang X, Chen X, Zhu D, Johnson D, Shi X. Swimming performance of 12 Schizothoracinae species from five rivers. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 92:2022-2028. [PMID: 29660139 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of stepped velocity tests were carried out in a Brett-type swimming respirometer and the overall range in swimming performance for 12 Schizothoracinae species was measured. The relative critical swimming speed Ucrit and burst speed Uburst decreased with body length, while absolute Ucrit and Uburst increased with body length. Ucrit increased with temperature up to approximately 15° C and then decreased. Species with a high Ucrit also displayed a higher Uburst .
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Hu X, Wang M, Chen S, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Yang Q, Sun K, Chen X, Cheng A. The duck enteritis virus early protein, UL13, found in both nucleus and cytoplasm, influences viral replication in cell culture. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2899-2907. [PMID: 28371814 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The UL13 protein of the duck enteritis virus (DEV), predicted to encode a Ser/Thr protein kinase, belongs to the family of conserved herpesvirus protein kinases (CHPK), which plays an important role in herpesvirus proliferation. In this study, truncated UL13 was expressed as a fusion protein of approximately 44 kDa using a prokaryotic expression system, and this protein was used to generate a specific anti-UL13 antibody. This antibody detected UL13 starting at 4 h post infection in duck embryonic fibroblast cells and identified UL13 to be present in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. UL13 RNA was found to be transcribed starting at 2 h post infection, and the synthesis of the UL13 mRNA was found to be sensitive to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) and tolerant of the DNA polymerase inhibitor ganciclovir (GCV). Its nuclear location and status as an early gene suggested that DEV UL13 might play important roles in DEV replication, which was confirmed by comparing the proliferation of a UL13-knockout mutant virus, a revertant virus, and the parent virus in cell culture. The specific mechanisms of UL13 in viral replication need to be further studied.
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Patel JJ, Zhu D, Opdebeeck B, D’Haese P, Millán JL, Bourne LE, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Arnett TR, MacRae VE, Orriss IR. Inhibition of arterial medial calcification and bone mineralization by extracellular nucleotides: The same functional effect mediated by different cellular mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:3230-3243. [PMID: 28976001 PMCID: PMC5792173 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is thought to share some outward similarities to skeletal mineralization and has been associated with the transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to an osteoblast-like phenotype. ATP and UTP have previously been shown to inhibit bone mineralization. This investigation compared the effects of extracellular nucleotides on calcification in VSMCs with those seen in osteoblasts. ATP, UTP and the ubiquitous mineralization inhibitor, pyrophosphate (PPi ), dose dependently inhibited VSMC calcification by ≤85%. Culture of VSMCs in calcifying conditions was associated with an increase in apoptosis; treatment with ATP, UTP, and PPi reduced apoptosis to levels seen in non-calcifying cells. Extracellular nucleotides had no effect on osteoblast viability. Basal alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activity was over 100-fold higher in osteoblasts than VSMCs. ATP and UTP reduced osteoblast TNAP activity (≤50%) but stimulated VSMC TNAP activity (≤88%). The effects of extracellular nucleotides on VSMC calcification, cell viability and TNAP activity were unchanged by deletion or inhibition of the P2Y2 receptor. Conversely, the actions of ATP/UTP on bone mineralization and TNAP activity were attenuated in osteoblasts lacking the P2Y2 receptor. Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) hydrolyses ATP and UTP to produce PPi . In both VSMCs and osteoblasts, deletion of NPP1 blunted the inhibitory effects of extracellular nucleotides suggesting involvement of P2 receptor independent pathways. Our results show that although the overall functional effect of extracellular nucleotides on AMC and bone mineralization is similar there are clear differences in the cellular mechanisms mediating these actions.
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97
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Krasniqi FS, Zhong Y, Epp SW, Foucar L, Trigo M, Chen J, Reis DA, Wang HL, Zhao JH, Lemke HT, Zhu D, Chollet M, Fritz DM, Hartmann R, Englert L, Strüder L, Schlichting I, Ullrich J. Spatial Distortion of Vibration Modes via Magnetic Correlation of Impurities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:105501. [PMID: 29570335 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.105501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Long wavelength vibrational modes in the ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga_{0.91}Mn_{0.09}As are investigated using time resolved x-ray diffraction. At room temperature, we measure oscillations in the x-ray diffraction intensity corresponding to coherent vibrational modes with well-defined wavelengths. When the correlation of magnetic impurities sets in, we observe the transition of the lattice into a disordered state that does not support coherent modes at large wavelengths. Our measurements point toward a magnetically induced broadening of long wavelength vibrational modes in momentum space and their quasilocalization in the real space. More specifically, long wavelength vibrational modes cannot be assigned to a single wavelength but rather should be represented as a superposition of plane waves with different wavelengths. Our findings have strong implications for the phonon-related processes, especially carrier-phonon and phonon-phonon scattering, which govern the electrical conductivity and thermal management of semiconductor-based devices.
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98
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Mu S, Cui Y, Wang W, Wang L, Xu H, Zhu O, Zhu D. A RHAG point mutation selectively disrupts Rh antigen expression. Transfus Med 2018; 29:121-127. [PMID: 29508504 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise a novel mutation in the gene encoding RhAG in order to elucidate a molecular mechanism for Rh antigen expression and spherocytosis. BACKGROUND Rhesus-associated glycoprotein (RhAG) is critical for maintaining the structure and stability of erythrocytes. Single missense mutations in the gene encoding RhAG are sufficient to induce spherocytosis and deficiencies in Rh complex formation. We report a novel missense mutation that incompletely disrupts Rh antigen expression and selectively knocks out RhD antigen expression. METHODS Blood samples were taken from a 38-year-old male, his brother, his wife and his daughter in Xi'an, China. To detect the proband's RhAG and D antigen expression, the RBC were stained with anti-D and anti-RhAG and analysed by flow cytometry. Red blood cell morphology was detected with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples, and the RHD, RHCE and RHAG alleles were sequenced and analysed. The mutation was mapped onto a predicted crystal structure of RhAG by the I-TASSER server and visualised using PyMOL. RESULTS Morphological testing by AFM found clear evidence of spherocytosis in the proband's erythrocytes. RHAG gene sequencing identified the mutation at sequence 236G > A, resulting in a serine to asparagine substitution at residue 79 (S79N). Family survey indicated that inheriting this allele is necessary and sufficient to cause the condition. Mapping the mutation onto a predicted crystal structure of RhAG revealed the proximity of the mutation to the critical structural elements of the protein. CONCLUSIONS A novel RHAG mutation significantly lowers RhAG antigen expression and antigen-mediated agglutination intensity.
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99
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Zeng M, Chen S, Zhang J, Wu Z, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Sun K, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhao X, Cheng A. Molecular identification of goose (Anser cygnoide) suppressor ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18) and the effects of goose IFN and TMUV on its comparative transcripts. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1022-1031. [PMID: 29267974 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18) is known as an inhibition factor and has been associated with the innate immune response to pathogens. USP18 is the only deconjugating protease with specificity for interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), which is supposed to be missing in birds. To analyze the efficacy of goose USP18 (goUSP18) against Tembusu virus (TMUV) infection, we first cloned USP18 homologous cDNA from TMUV infected geese. The coding sequence was 1131 bp, and the deduced amino acid sequence shared conserved motifs with its homologues. Tissue-specific expression has shown that goUSP18 transcripts are strongly expressed in the spleen and liver of adult geese, as well as in the pancreas of goslings. Moreover, the goUSP18 transcripts were induced by goose interferons (goIFN) in goose embryo fibroblasts (GEF) and by TLR ligands in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Notably, goUSP18 transcripts were highly up-regulated by TMUV infection compared to the basal level in uninfected birds. Taken together, these results suggested that goUSP18 was involved in host innate immunity against TMUV infection.
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100
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Gorobtsov OY, Mukharamova N, Lazarev S, Chollet M, Zhu D, Feng Y, Kurta RP, Meijer JM, Williams G, Sikorski M, Song S, Dzhigaev D, Serkez S, Singer A, Petukhov AV, Vartanyants IA. Diffraction based Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry at a hard x-ray free-electron laser. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2219. [PMID: 29396400 PMCID: PMC5797123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide extremely bright and highly spatially coherent x-ray radiation with femtosecond pulse duration. Currently, they are widely used in biology and material science. Knowledge of the XFEL statistical properties during an experiment may be vitally important for the accurate interpretation of the results. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) interferometry performed in diffraction mode at an XFEL source. It allowed us to determine the XFEL statistical properties directly from the Bragg peaks originating from colloidal crystals. This approach is different from the traditional one when HBT interferometry is performed in the direct beam without a sample. Our analysis has demonstrated nearly full (80%) global spatial coherence of the XFEL pulses and an average pulse duration on the order of ten femtoseconds for the monochromatized beam, which is significantly shorter than expected from the electron bunch measurements.
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