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Udimal TB, Luo M, Liu E, Mensah NO. How has formal institutions influenced opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship? The case of brics economies. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04931. [PMID: 32984616 PMCID: PMC7498744 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a panel data of BRICS economies, this study looks at how formal institutions have influenced various types of entrepreneurship. The study concentrated mainly on the following formal institutional factors: fiscal freedom, business freedom, property rights, financial freedom, labour freedom, and investment freedom. For the opportunity entrepreneurship, the result is not statistically significant. With the exception of business freedom, the remaining institutional factors have negative relationship with opportunity entrepreneurship. Fiscal freedom and business freedom show negative significant relationship with necessity entrepreneurship. The result also shows that business freedom has a negative significant effect on female opportunity entrepreneurship. The study further reveals that fiscal freedom, business freedom and financial freedom have a negative significant effect on men necessity entrepreneurship. Population growth has a positive effect on all categories of entrepreneurship whiles unemployment contributes negatively to all categories of entrepreneurship.
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Li J, Wu X, Huo Y, Liu E, Zeng Z, Cheng L, Li L. Abstract 4397: Pathway-based drug combinatory synergy prediction using gene expression and essentiality data. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Experiment based drug combinatory synergy discovery is limited in a moderate scale. Systems biology models can substantially widen the search space, and discover novel mechanisms. While most of systems pharmacology models were designed to optimize the predictive performance for the drug combination synergy, they were limited by their lack of mechanistic interpretations. The gene essentiality data generated from RNAi screening have not been integrated into the systems pharmacology model yet.
Methods: Drug combinatory synergy data from NCI-ALMANAC was used in this research. Cancer cell line gene expression and essential score (RNAi screening from DepMap portal), drug targets and KEGG pathways were used in our systems pharmacology model. Two types of models were constructed. The first model predicts a drug combination's synergy using various pathways among various cell lines. The second model predicts various drug combinatory synergy in a cell line. Machine learning approaches, such as SVR, Ridge regression, Random forest and Logistic regulation were investigated in developing this model. Our predictive models were built upon 43 cell lines with both baseline gene expression and essential scores, 165 KEGG pathways, and 198 drug pairs who have at least synergistic drug combinatory effects in 3 or more cell lines.
Results: In predicting drug combinatory synergy from both predictive models, the mean R square was merely 0.006 using individual gene expression or essentiality data. The mean R-square increased to 0.022 when using pathways. In drug combination specific predictive model (model 1), 64 and 62 drug combinations were related to more than 10 pathways which had enriched essential and expression genes, respectively. The correlation between expression enrich pathways and essential enriched pathways is only 0.04. In the cell line specific predictive model (model 2), drug combination synergy score from 14 cell lines can be predicted with more than 150 pathways, and 5 cell lines can be predicted with less than 10 pathways.
Conclusion: Pathway-based models are more powerful than gene level-based models in predicting drug combination synergy. Gene expressions and essential genes provide much different information in predicting drug combination synergy. Drug combination synergy prediction and its related pathways are dramatically different among different cancer cell lines.
Citation Format: Jin Li, Xue Wu, Yang Huo, Enze Liu, Zhi Zeng, Lijun Cheng, Lang Li. Pathway-based drug combinatory synergy prediction using gene expression and essentiality data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4397.
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Liu E, VandeHaar MJ, Lock AL. Effects of supplementing Holstein cows with soybean oil compared with palmitic acid-enriched triglycerides on milk production and nutrient partitioning. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8151-8160. [PMID: 32622595 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-18100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Both insulin and trans-10,cis-12 C18:2 (t10c12CLA) can be increased by high-starch diets; thus, it is difficult to determine whether insulin or t10c12CLA mediates nutrient partitioning toward body tissues during milk fat depression. To minimize insulin secretion while manipulating t10c12CLA levels, diets supplemented with palmitic acid-enriched triglycerides and soybean oil were fed to cows. Thirty-two Holstein cows (93 ± 35 d in milk) were included in the crossover experiment with each treatment period being 28 d. Treatment diets contained 25% neutral detergent fiber, 32% starch, 18% crude protein, and 4.6% fatty acids (dry matter basis). Treatment diets contained either palmitic acid-enriched triglycerides (2.5% dry matter, BergaFat T-300, Berg + Schmidt America LLC, Libertyville, IL; PAT) or soybean oil (2.5% dry matter; SBO). Cows were blocked by milk yield, body weight, and parity, and then randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment sequences (PAT-SBO or SBO-PAT). Cows fed PAT produced milk with only 3.1% fat, indicating milk fat depression; SBO decreased fat content further to only 2.4%. No effect of treatment was observed on dry matter intake, apparent net energy intake, milk yield, body condition score, or fat thickness over the rump and rib. However, compared with PAT, SBO decreased fat-corrected milk yield, energy-corrected milk yield, milk fat yield, de novo fatty acids, and 16-carbon fatty acid yield, whereas SBO increased body weight gain. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility tended to be lower in SBO, whereas fatty acid digestibility was higher. Additionally, the concentration of plasma insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, and triglycerides, and milk metabolites (trans-10 C18:1 and t10c12CLA) were all higher in SBO. In conclusion, with similar dietary starch content, the diet containing palmitic acid-enriched triglycerides partitioned more energy toward milk synthesis, whereas the diet containing soybean oil partitioned more energy toward body tissue gain.
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Yao M, Xiong H, Zhang J, Yang S, Liu E. Acetic Acid Promoted Direct Iodination of Terminal Alkynes with N-Iodosuccinimide: Efficient Preparation of 1-Iodoalkynes. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and highly chemoselective approach for the direct iodination of terminal alkynes using acetic acid as N-iodosuccinimide activated reagent under metal-free conditions has been developed. This facile process tolerates a variety of terminal alkynes and provides the desired products in good to excellent yields (up to 99%).
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80
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Li ZY, Liu XJ, Liu E, Jian FF, Liang T. Crystal structure of 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-(1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-κ 2
P, P′)-( O-isobutyl sulfurodithioito-κ 2
S, S′)copper(I), C 39H 37CuFeOP 2S 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C39H37CuFeOP2S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.6132(10) Å, b = 11.5667(12) Å, c = 16.8739(18) Å, α = 99.732(2)°, β = 96.342(2)°, γ = 93.446(2)°, V = 1832.0(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0455, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1212, T = 293.0 K.
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Li ZY, Liu E, Liu XJ, Jian FF. Crystal structure of bis(2,3-diphenyltetrazolidine-5-thione-κ 1
S)-(nitrato-κ 1
O)-(nitrato-κ 2
O, O′)lead(II), C 26H 20N 10O 6S 2Pb. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2020-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C26H20N10O6S2Pb, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3480(19) Å, b = 12.985(3) Å, c = 14.278(3) Å, α = 113.14(3)°, β = 92.05(3)°, γ = 102.75(3)°, V = 1539.8(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0336, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0874, T = 293.0 K.
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Li ZY, Liu XJ, Liu E, Jian FF, Liang T. Crystal structure of dichloro-bis-(1-butyl-1 H-benzo[ d]imidazole)-nickel(II), C 22H 28Cl 2N 4Ni. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2020-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C22H28Cl2N4Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.7332(19) Å, b = 14.886(3) Å, c = 18.623(5) Å, β = 117.45(2)°, V = 2394.5(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0450, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1466, T = 293.0 K.
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83
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Li ZY, Liu E, Liu XJ, Jian FF, Liang TL. Crystal structure of bis( N,2-bis(4-ethoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbohydrazonothioato-κ 2
N, S)nickel(II) — N, N-dimethylformamide (1/2), C 44H 56N 10S 2O 6Ni. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C44H56N10S2O6Ni, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3077(14) Å, b = 9.9624(14) Å, c = 14.0449(19) Å, α = 70.889(3)°, β = 75.532(2)°, γ = 87.544(3)°, V = 1190.5(3) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0528, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1279, T = 293 K.
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Li ZY, Liu E, Liu XJ, Jian FF. Crystal structure of diisopropyl 2,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate, C 14H 20O 6. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C14H20O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.4270(13) Å, b = 8.3458(17) Å, c = 8.4120(17) Å, α = 107.08(3)°, β = 106.43(3)°, γ = 107.37(3)°, V = 376.2(2) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0521, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1541, T = 294.0 K.
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Li ZY, Liu E, Liu XJ, Jian FF. Crystal structure of diisobutyl 2,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate, C 16H 24O 6. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C16H24O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.3410(13) Å, b = 7.3430(15) Å, c = 10.241(2) Å, α = 94.06(3)°, β = 103.89(3)°, γ = 113.13(3)°, V = 418.3(8) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0546, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1691, T = 295(3) K.
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Liu E, Zhang ZZ, Cheng X, Liu X, Cheng L. SCNrank: spectral clustering for network-based ranking to reveal potential drug targets and its application in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:50. [PMID: 32241274 PMCID: PMC7119297 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic malignancy. Due to its wide heterogeneity, PDAC acts aggressively and responds poorly to most chemotherapies, causing an urgent need for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Cell lines have been used as the foundation for drug development and disease modeling. CRISPR-Cas9 plays a key role in every step-in drug discovery: from target identification and validation to preclinical cancer cell testing. Using cell-line models and CRISPR-Cas9 technology together make drug target prediction feasible. However, there is still a large gap between predicted results and actionable targets in real tumors. Biological network models provide great modus to mimic genetic interactions in real biological systems, which can benefit gene perturbation studies and potential target identification for treating PDAC. Nevertheless, building a network model that takes cell-line data and CRISPR-Cas9 data as input to accurately predict potential targets that will respond well on real tissue remains unsolved. Methods We developed a novel algorithm ‘Spectral Clustering for Network-based target Ranking’ (SCNrank) that systematically integrates three types of data: expression profiles from tumor tissue, normal tissue and cell-line PDAC; protein-protein interaction network (PPI); and CRISPR-Cas9 data to prioritize potential drug targets for PDAC. The whole algorithm can be classified into three steps: 1. using STRING PPI network skeleton, SCNrank constructs tissue-specific networks with PDAC tumor and normal pancreas tissues from expression profiles; 2. With the same network skeleton, SCNrank constructs cell-line-specific networks using the cell-line PDAC expression profiles and CRISPR-Cas 9 data from pancreatic cancer cell-lines; 3. SCNrank applies a novel spectral clustering approach to reduce data dimension and generate gene clusters that carry common features from both networks. Finally, SCNrank applies a scoring scheme called ‘Target Influence score’ (TI), which estimates a given target’s influence towards the cluster it belongs to, for scoring and ranking each drug target. Results We applied SCNrank to analyze 263 expression profiles, CRPSPR-Cas9 data from 22 different pancreatic cancer cell-lines and the STRING protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. With SCNrank, we successfully constructed an integrated tissue PDAC network and an integrated cell-line PDAC network, both of which contain 4414 selected genes that are overexpressed in tumor tissue samples. After clustering, 4414 genes are distributed into 198 clusters, which include 367 targets of FDA approved drugs. These drug targets are all scored and ranked by their TI scores, which we defined to measure their influence towards the network. We validated top-ranked targets in three aspects: Firstly, mapping them onto the existing clinical drug targets of PDAC to measure the concordance. Secondly, we performed enrichment analysis to these drug targets and the clusters there are within, to reveal functional associations between clusters and PDAC; Thirdly, we performed survival analysis for the top-ranked targets to connect targets with clinical outcomes. Survival analysis reveals that overexpression of three top-ranked genes, PGK1, HMMR and POLE2, significantly increases the risk of death in PDAC patients. Conclusion SCNrank is an unbiased algorithm that systematically integrates multiple types of omics data to do potential drug target selection and ranking. SCNrank shows great capability in predicting drug targets for PDAC. Pancreatic cancer-associated gene candidates predicted by our SCNrank approach have the potential to guide genetics-based anti-pancreatic drug discovery.
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Liu E, VandeHaar MJ. Relationship of residual feed intake and protein efficiency in lactating cows fed high- or low-protein diets. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3177-3190. [PMID: 32059861 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objectives were to determine the repeatability of residual feed intake (RFI) across dietary protein levels and to determine the association between RFI and protein efficiency in lactating cows. Holstein cows (n = 166; 92 primiparous, 74 multiparous) with initial milk yield 41.3 ± 9.8 kg/d were fed diets with high or low protein in peak lactation. Experiments were conducted as crossovers with 2 treatment periods of 28 to 35 d. Production of 69 of the 166 cows (42 primiparous, 27 multiparous) was also measured in late lactation. Low-protein diets were 14% crude protein (CP) in peak lactation and 13% CP in late lactation and were formulated to contain adequate rumen-degradable protein to maintain rumen function. High-protein diets were 18% CP in peak lactation and 16% CP in late lactation and contained extra expeller soybean meal to increase absorbed protein. Cows were milked twice daily; DMI and milk yield were recorded daily. Milk composition was measured over 4 consecutive milkings weekly, and body weight (BW) was measured 3 times weekly. Fixed effects of diet, parity, and treatment period, interaction of parity and diet, and random effects of experiment and cow nested within experiment were included in the model to compare intake and production performance between cows fed different levels of CP. The RFI value was calculated for each cow on each treatment based on the actual intake, milk energy output, metabolic BW, and body energy (calculated from BW change and body condition score over the treatment period) change. Ranking of cows for RFI was moderately repeatable across dietary protein in peak lactation (r = 0.59) but less repeatable in late lactation (r = 0.41). Negative correlation was observed between RFI and protein efficiency values (dietary protein captured in milk) for cows in both peak lactation (r = -0.42) and late lactation (r = -0.24), which suggested that cows with higher energy efficiency had greater protein efficiency. In conclusion, RFI was repeatable across dietary protein levels within lactation stage, and cows with lower RFI values utilized protein more efficiently.
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Kanis JA, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Bruyère O, Veronese N, Lorentzon M, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Adib G, Al-Daghri N, Campusano C, Chandran M, Dawson-Hughes B, Javaid K, Jiwa F, Johansson H, Lee JK, Liu E, Messina D, Mkinsi O, Pinto D, Prieto-Alhambra D, Saag K, Xia W, Zakraoui L, Reginster JY. Correction to: Algorithm for the management of patients at low, high and very high risk of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:797-798. [PMID: 32065251 PMCID: PMC7075819 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The article 'Algorithm for the management of patients at low, high and very high risk of osteoporotic fractures',written by J. A. Kanis, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume [#], issue [#] and page [#-#], the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication.
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Li ZY, Liu XJ, Guo ZY, Li WY, Liu E, Jian FF. Crystal structure of dipentyl 2,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate, C 18H 28O 6. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C18H28O6, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 15.061(3) Å, b = 13.791(3) Å, c = 10.106(2) Å, β = 118.60(3)°, V = 1843.0(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0462, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1315, T = 294.3 K.
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Yao M, Zhang J, Yang S, Xiong H, Li L, Liu E, Shi H. Efficient synthesis of 1-iodoalkynes via Al 2O 3 mediated reaction of terminal alkynes and N-iodosuccinimide. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3946-3950. [PMID: 35492642 PMCID: PMC9048840 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodination of terminal alkynes using N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) in the presence of γ-Al2O3 was developed to afford 1-iodoalkynes with good to excellent yields (up to 99%). This described approach featured excellent chemoselectivity, good functional group tolerance, and utilization of an inexpensive catalyst.
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Lesnyak O, Zakroyeva A, Lobanchenko O, Johansson H, Liu E, Lorentzon M, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. A surrogate FRAX model for the Kyrgyz Republic. Arch Osteoporos 2020; 15:68. [PMID: 32377964 PMCID: PMC7203583 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-00743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The hip fracture rates from Kazakhstan were used to create a surrogate FRAX® model for the Kyrgyz Republic. INTRODUCTION The International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation recommend utilizing a surrogate FRAX model, based on the country-specific risk of death, and fracture data based on a country where fracture rates are considered to be representative of the index country. OBJECTIVE This paper describes a surrogate FRAX model for the Kyrgyz Republic. METHODS The FRAX model used the incidence of hip fracture from the neighbouring country of Kazakhstan and the death risk for the Kyrgyz Republic. RESULTS Compared with the model for Kazakhstan, the surrogate model gave somewhat higher 10-year fracture probabilities for men between 60 and 80 years of age and lower probabilities for men above the age of 80. For women the probabilities were similar up to the age of 75-80 years and then lower. There were very close correlations in fracture probabilities between the surrogate and authentic models (1.00) so that the use of the Kyrgyz model had little impact on the rank order of risk. It was estimated that 2752 hip fractures arose in 2015 in individuals over the age of 50 years in the Kyrgyz Republic, with a predicted increase by 207% to 8435 in 2050. CONCLUSION The surrogate FRAX model for the Kyrgyz Republic provides the opportunity to determine fracture probability among the Kyrgyz population and help guide decisions about treatment.
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Kanis JA, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Bruyère O, Veronese N, Lorentzon M, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Adib G, Al-Daghri N, Campusano C, Chandran M, Dawson-Hughes B, Javaid K, Jiwa F, Johansson H, Lee JK, Liu E, Messina D, Mkinsi O, Pinto D, Prieto-Alhambra D, Saag K, Xia W, Zakraoui L, Reginster JY. Algorithm for the management of patients at low, high and very high risk of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1-12. [PMID: 31720707 PMCID: PMC7018677 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Guidance is provided in an international setting on the assessment and specific treatment of postmenopausal women at low, high and very high risk of fragility fractures. INTRODUCTION The International Osteoporosis Foundation and European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis published guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in 2019. This manuscript seeks to apply this in an international setting, taking additional account of further categorisation of increased risk of fracture, which may inform choice of therapeutic approach. METHODS Clinical perspective and updated literature search. RESULTS The following areas are reviewed: categorisation of fracture risk and general pharmacological management of osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS A platform is provided on which specific guidelines can be developed for national use to characterise fracture risk and direct interventions.
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Issayeva S, Lesnyak O, Zakroyeva A, Issayeva B, Dilmanova D, Johansson H, Liu E, Lorentzon M, Harvey NC, McCloskey E, Kanis JA. Epidemiology of osteoporotic fracture in Kazakhstan and development of a country specific FRAX model. Arch Osteoporos 2020; 15:30. [PMID: 32108270 PMCID: PMC7046573 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-0701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Retrospective and prospective population-based survey in a region of the Republic of Kazakhstan determined the incidence of fractures at the hip, proximal humerus and distal forearm. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX® model to enhance fracture risk assessment in Kazakhstan. OBJECTIVE This paper describes the epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures in the Republic of Kazakhstan that was used to develop a country specific FRAX® tool for fracture prediction. METHODS We carried out a retrospective population-based survey in Taldykorgan in the Republic of Kazakhstan representing approximately 1% of the country's population. Hip, forearm and humerus fractures were identified retrospectively in 2015 and 2016 from hospital registers and the trauma centre. Hip fractures were prospectively identified in 2017 from the same sources and additionally from primary care data. Age- and sex-specific incidence of hip fracture and national mortality rates were incorporated into a FRAX model for Kazakhstan. Fracture probabilities were compared with those from neighbouring countries having FRAX models. RESULTS The difference in hip fracture incidence between the retrospective and prospective survey indicated that approximately 25% of hip fracture cases did not come to hospital attention. The incidence of hip fracture applied nationally suggested that the estimated number of hip fractures nationwide in persons over the age of 50 years for 2015 was 11,690 and is predicted to increase by 140% to 28,000 in 2050. Hip fracture incidence was a good predictor of forearm and humeral fractures in men but not in women. CONCLUSION The FRAX model should enhance accuracy of determining fracture probability among the Kazakh population and help guide decisions about treatment.
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Liu E, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wang A, Yan J. Aquaporin4 Knockout Aggravates Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Through Impairment of the Glymphatic System in Rat Brain. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2020; 127:59-64. [PMID: 31407064 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04615-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is reported that the expression of aquaporin4 (AQP4) in the brain is increased and leads to the brain edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this study, by using AQP4 knockout rat model, the opposite role of AQP4 in early brain injury following SAH through modulation of interstitial fluid (ISF) transportation in the brain glymphatic system had been explored. METHODS The SAH model was established using endovascular perforation method, the AQP4 knockout rat model was generated using TALENs (transcription activator-like (TAL) effector nucleases) technique. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: sham (n = 16), AQP4-/-sham (n = 16), SAH (n = 24), and AQP4-/-SAH groups (n = 27). The roles of AQP4 in the brain water content and neurological function were detected. In addition, immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining were applied to observe the effects of AQP4 on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and the loss of neurons in the hippocampus. To explore the potential mechanism of these effects, the distribution of Gd-DTPA (interstitial fluid indicator) injected from cisterna magna was evaluated with MRI. RESULTS Following SAH, AQP4 knockout could significantly increase the water content in the whole brain and aggravate the neurological deficits. Furthermore, the loss of neuron and BBB disruption in hippocampus were also exacerbated. The MRI results indicated that the ISF transportation in the glymphatic system of AQP4 deficit rat was significantly injured. CONCLUSION AQP4 facilitates the ISF transportation in the brain to eliminate the toxic factors; AQP4 knockout will aggravate the early brain injury following SAH through impairment of the glymphatic system.
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Li ZY, Liu E, Jian FF, Liang TL. Crystal structure of Bis(acetato-κ2O,O′)-bis[4-(dimethylamino)pyridine-κN]nickel(II), C18H26N4NiO4. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractC18H26N4NiO4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.7547(16) Å, b = 7.8666(16) Å, c = 8.2798(17) Å, α = 90.46(3)°, β = 96.24(3)°, γ = 93.25(3)°, V = 501.24(18) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0294, wRref(F2) = 0.0873, T = 310 K.
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Leng J, Li W, Wang L, Zhang S, Liu H, Li W, Wang S, Shao P, Pan L, Wang S, Liu E. Higher thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in the first trimester are associated with gestational diabetes in a Chinese population. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1679-1685. [PMID: 31407386 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relationship between maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during the first trimester and gestational diabetes risk. METHODS In Tianjin, China, 7258 women underwent a thyroid-stimulating hormone screening test within 12 gestational weeks and then had a glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks of gestational age. The women with a glucose challenge test ≥7.8 mmol/l underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed following International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to explore full-range risk associations of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels with gestational diabetes. Logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS In all, 594 women (8.2%) had gestational diabetes. Among women with thyroid-stimulating hormone ≤3.2 mIU/l, a positive association between thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and gestational diabetes risk was found (adjusted OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.27). There was no relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and gestational diabetes risk in univariable and multivariable analyses among women with thyroid-stimulating hormone >3.2 mIU/l. In subgroup analyses, among women with thyroid-stimulating hormone ≤3.2 mIU/l and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 , the adjusted odds ratio for thyroid-stimulating hormone levels with gestational diabetes was enhanced to 1.25 (95% CI: 1.02-1.53). CONCLUSIONS In pregnant Chinese women, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels even within normal range in the first trimester were positively related to gestational diabetes risk, especially for pre-pregnancy overweight/obese women.
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Liu E, Li ZY, Jian FF, Liang T. Crystal structure of 1-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethan-1-one, C17H14N2OFCl. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractC17H14N2OFCl, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.2387(19) Å, b = 9.764(2) Å, c = 10.644(3) Å, α = 72.023(4)°, β = 72.770(4)°, γ = 78.581(4)°, V = 772.5(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0444, wRref(F2) = 0.1099, T = 294.15 K.
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Harrison JE, Rentz DM, Brashear HR, Arrighi HM, Ropacki MT, Liu E. Psychometric Evaluation of the Neuropsychological Test Battery in Individuals with Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, or Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: Results from a Longitudinal Study. JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2019; 5:236-244. [PMID: 30298182 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2018.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB) is a combination of widely used clinical neuropsychological tests measuring memory and executive function and was designed to overcome some of the limitations of the traditionally used Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). A previously reported account indicated high levels of NTB reliability in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVES We examined capacity of the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB) and its component subtests to measure cognitive change over time. Correlations with other cognitive and functional assessments were also determined. Design, Settings, Participants: This was a multicentre, prospective, non-interventional, longitudinal cohort study involving patients with mild-to-moderate AD (n=196), MCI (n=70), or cognitively normal control participants (NC, n=75). INTERVENTION The NTB, as well as other Clinical Outcome Assessments including, ADAS-Cog, other cognitive measures, functional/behavioral questionnaires, health outcome questionnaires, and resource utilization tools were administered. RESULTS Mean change from baseline for the NTB composite score and the six individual NTB subtests showed greater reductions in performance over time in the AD and MCI groups, compared with NC group. The ADAS-Cog was found to be more sensitive to change than the NTB in all three populations. CONCLUSIONS The NTB showed high correlation with the ADAS-Cog and appears to be a sensitive and reliable assessment tool for measuring cognitive decline in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. However, the ADAS-Cog was found to be more sensitive to change over time in both the AD and MCI populations.
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Xu B, Zhang Q, Sun T, Li W, Teng Y, Hu X, Bondarenko I, Adamchuk H, Li Y, Shan B, Cheng J, Peng T, Wang X, Chen Y, Jiang W, Liu S, Zhang X, Liu E, Luk A, Wang Q. First China-manufactured trastuzumab biosimilar HLX02 global phase III trial met primary endpoint in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz446.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hou M, Ho C, Lin H, Jiang W, Liu S, Hong Y, Luk A, Lin S, Hsieh T, Liu E. A novel anti-EGFR antibody HLX07 for potential treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz420.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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