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Boardman DA, Philippeos C, Fruhwirth GO, Ibrahim MAA, Hannen RF, Cooper D, Marelli-Berg FM, Watt FM, Lechler RI, Maher J, Smyth LA, Lombardi G. Expression of a Chimeric Antigen Receptor Specific for Donor HLA Class I Enhances the Potency of Human Regulatory T Cells in Preventing Human Skin Transplant Rejection. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:931-943. [PMID: 28027623 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy using recipient-derived Tregs expanded ex vivo is currently being investigated clinically by us and others as a means of reducing allograft rejection following organ transplantation. Data from animal models has demonstrated that adoptive transfer of allospecific Tregs offers greater protection from graft rejection compared to polyclonal Tregs. Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are clinically translatable synthetic fusion proteins that can redirect the specificity of T cells toward designated antigens. We used CAR technology to redirect human polyclonal Tregs toward donor-MHC class I molecules, which are ubiquitously expressed in allografts. Two novel HLA-A2-specific CARs were engineered: one comprising a CD28-CD3ζ signaling domain (CAR) and one lacking an intracellular signaling domain (ΔCAR). CAR Tregs were specifically activated and significantly more suppressive than polyclonal or ΔCAR Tregs in the presence of HLA-A2, without eliciting cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, CAR and ΔCAR Tregs preferentially transmigrated across HLA-A2-expressing endothelial cell monolayers. In a human skin xenograft transplant model, adoptive transfer of CAR Tregs alleviated the alloimmune-mediated skin injury caused by transferring allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells more effectively than polyclonal Tregs. Our results demonstrated that the use of CAR technology is a clinically applicable refinement of Treg therapy for organ transplantation.
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Lombardi G, Bellu L, Pambuku A, Fiduccia P, Della Puppa A, Gardiman M, Berti F, D’Avella D, Zagonel V. P09.29 Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA) and Glioblastoma (GBM): a real-life experience in Padua Neuro-Oncology Center. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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78
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Gonnelli A, Cantarella M, Molinari A, Villani G, Lombardi G, Fabrini M, Pace A, Fabi A, Pasqualetti F, Rudà R, Soffietti R, Paiar F. P09.41 Single agent Bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma after a second line chemotherapy with Fotemustine. The Italian Association of Neuro Oncology experience. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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79
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Capucci L, Cavadini P, Schiavitto M, Lombardi G, Lavazza A. Increased pathogenicity in rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus type 2 (RHDV2). Vet Rec 2017; 180:426. [PMID: 28341721 DOI: 10.1136/vr.104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Smyth LA, Meader L, Xiao F, Woodward M, Brady HJM, Lechler R, Lombardi G. Constitutive expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member A1 in murine endothelial cells leads to transplant tolerance. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:219-225. [PMID: 28120329 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-apoptotic genes, including those of the Bcl-2 family, have been shown to have dual functionality inasmuch as they inhibit cell death but also regulate inflammation. Several anti-apoptotic molecules have been associated with endothelial cell (EC) survival following transplantation; however, their exact role has yet to be elucidated in respect to controlling inflammation. In this study we created mice expressing murine A1 (Bfl-1), a Bcl-2 family member, under the control of the human intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM-2) promoter. Constitutive expression of A1 in murine vascular ECs conferred protection from cell death induced by the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Importantly, in a mouse model of heart allograft transplantation, expression of A1 in vascular endothelium increased survival in the absence of CD8+ T cells. Better graft outcome in mice receiving an A1 transgenic heart correlated with a reduced immune infiltration, which may be related to increased EC survival and reduced expression of adhesion molecules on ECs. In conclusion, constitutive expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule Bfl1 (A1) in murine vascular ECs leads to prolonged allograft survival due to modifying inflammation.
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Smyth LA, Lechler RI, Lombardi G. Continuous Acquisition of MHC:Peptide Complexes by Recipient Cells Contributes to the Generation of Anti-Graft CD8 + T Cell Immunity. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:60-68. [PMID: 27495898 PMCID: PMC5213774 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of the direct and indirect pathways of allorecognition following tissue transplantation is essential in the design of tolerance-promoting protocols. On the basis that donor bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells are eliminated within days of transplantation, it has been argued that the indirect response represents the major threat to long-term transplant survival, and is consequently the key target for regulation. However, the detection of MHC transfer between cells, and particularly the capture of MHC:peptide complexes by dendritic cells (DCs), led us to propose a third, semidirect, pathway of MHC allorecognition. Persistence of this pathway would lead to sustained activation of direct-pathway T cells, arguably persisting for the life of the transplant. In this study, we focused on the contribution of acquired MHC-class I on recipient DCs during the life span of a skin graft. We observed that MHC-class I acquisition by recipient DCs occurs for at least 1 month following transplantation and may be the main source of alloantigen that drives CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses. In addition, acquired MHC-class I:peptide complexes stimulate T cell responses in vivo, further emphasizing the need to regulate both pathways to induce indefinite survival of the graft.
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Lombardi G, Perego S, Sansoni V, Diani M, Banfi G, Altomare G. Anti-adalimumab antibodies in psoriasis: lack of clinical utility and laboratory evidence. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011941. [PMID: 27940624 PMCID: PMC5168630 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adalimumab has proven effective in psoriasis; however, secondary failure may result from the drug's immunogenicity. Prevalence data on the immunogenicity of biologicals, and of adalimumab in particular, are highly variable. We investigated the prevalence of anti-adalimumab antibodies and the association with clinical indexes and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) serum levels in psoriatic patients. DESIGN Case-control, longitudinal. SETTING Single centre. PARTICIPANTS Patient groups: I (n=20) receiving biological therapies after switching from adalimumab; II (n=30) ongoing adalimumab therapy; III (n=30) novel adalimumab therapy; IV (n=15) biological therapies other than adalimumab.Healthy subjects: (group V; n=15) never treated with immunosuppressants or biologicals. INTERVENTIONS All groups were tested at enrolment. Group II was also tested at 12 months, and group III at 1, 3, and 6 months. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Standard clinical evaluations (Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI)), blood samples and two-site ELISA-based measurement of serum adalimumab trough levels, anti-adalimumab antibodies and TNFα. RESULTS The false-positive rate was 23% for adalimumab detection and 22% for anti-adalimumab antibodies in patients naïve to adalimumab. Spurious positivity for anti-adalimumab antibodies (one-time-point positivity in group III during follow-up) accounted for 33% of the total. The prevalence of anti-drug antibodies was highest (87%) in group I patients. No correlations were found between the presence of anti-adalimumab antibodies or adalimumab levels and changes in PASI scores. CONCLUSIONS High variability of results, high prevalence of false-positives and lack of association between anti-adalimumab antibodies and TNFα level/PASI score limit this assay's usefulness. Accurate clinical evaluation is key to early identification of treatment failures.
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Nave ASC, Baudrillart B, Hamann S, Bénédic F, Lombardi G, Gicquel A, van Helden JH, Röpcke J. Spectroscopic study of low pressure, low temperature H2–CH4–CO2microwave plasmas used for large area deposition of nanocrystalline diamond films. Part II: on plasma chemical processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/0963-0252/25/6/065003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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84
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Nave ASC, Baudrillart B, Hamann S, Bénédic F, Lombardi G, Gicquel A, van Helden JH, Röpcke J. Spectroscopic study of low pressure, low temperature H2–CH4–CO2microwave plasmas used for large area deposition of nanocrystalline diamond films. Part I: on temperature determination and energetic aspects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/0963-0252/25/6/065002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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85
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Bergo E, Lombardi G, Del Bianco P, Berti F, Bellu L, Pambuku A, Zagonel V. A prospective analysis of quality of life (QoL), cognitive functions (CF) and psychological status (PSY) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients (PTS) treated with RT and temozolomide (TMZ). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw367.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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86
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Lombardi G, Pambuku A, Bellu L, Fiduccia P, De Puppa A, Gardiman M, Berti F, D'Avella D, Zagonel V. Anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma (GBM): a real-life experience in Padua Neuro-Oncology Center. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw367.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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87
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Pambuku A, Lombardi G, Bertorelle R, Bellu L, Fiduccia P, Gardiman M, De Puppa A, Berti F, D'Avella D, Zagonel V. MGMT promoter methylation status in glioblastoma (GBM) patients: a quantitative pyrosequencing approach and its prognostic role. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw367.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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88
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Villani V, Fabi A, Lombardi G, Bellu L, Zagonel V, Carapella CM, Sperduti I, Vidiri A, Pace A. P08.65 Evaluation of Clinical Benefit in patients treated with Bevacizumab. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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89
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Rudà R, Lombardi G, Scoccianti S, Pasqualetti F, Silvani A, Pace A, Arcicasa M, Salvati M, Caroli M, Soffietti R. P08.33 GLIOSTRY (Glioblastoma Registry) of the AINO (Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology): final analysis of factors influencing survival in glioblastoma patients receiving the nitrosourea fotemustine at first progression following chemoradiation. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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90
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Lombardi G, Bellu L, Pambuku A, Zagonel V. Effectiveness of antiangiogenic drugs (ADs) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients (PTS): a metanalysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw367.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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91
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Pambuku A, Lombardi G, Bertorelle R, Bellu L, Fiduccia P, Gradiman M, Della Puppa A, Franco B, D'Avella D, Zagonel V. MGMT promoter methylation status in glioblastoma (GBM) patients: a quantitative pyrosequencing approach and its prognostic role. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw345.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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92
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Lombardi G, Bellu L, Pambuku A, Zagonel V. Effectiveness of antiangiogenic drugs (ADs) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients (PTS): a metanalysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw345.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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93
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Bergo E, Bergo E, Lombardi G, Del Bianco P, Berti F, Bellu L, Pambuku A, Zagonel V. A prospective analysis of quality of life (QoL), cognitive functions (CF) and psychological status (PSY) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients (PTS) treated with RT and Temozolomide (TMZ). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw345.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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94
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Bellu L, Lombardi G, Pambuku A, Fiduccia P, Della Puppa A, Gardiman M, Berti F, D'Avella D, Zagonel V. Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA) and Glioblastoma (GBM): a real-life experience in Padua. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw345.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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95
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Bergo E, Lombardi G, Pambuku A, Della Puppa A, Bellu L, D'Avella D, Zagonel V. Cognitive Rehabilitation in Patients with Gliomas and Other Brain Tumors: State of the Art. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3041824. [PMID: 27493954 PMCID: PMC4963561 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3041824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Disease prognosis is very poor in patients with brain tumors. Cognitive deficits due to disease or due to its treatment have an important weight on the quality of life of patients and caregivers. Studies often take into account quality of life as a fundamental element in the management of disease and interventions have been developed for cognitive rehabilitation of neuropsychological deficits with the aim of improving the quality of life and daily-life autonomy of patients. In this literature review, we will consider the published studies of cognitive rehabilitation over the past 20 years.
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Vaikunthanathan T, Safinia N, Lombardi G, Lechler RI. Microbiota, immunity and the liver. Immunol Lett 2016; 171:36-49. [PMID: 26835593 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The gut harbors a complex community of over 100 trillion microbial cells known to exist in symbiotic harmony with the host influencing human physiology, metabolism, nutrition and immune function. It is now widely accepted that perturbations of this close partnership results in the pathogenesis of several major diseases with increasing evidence highlighting their role outside of the intestinal tract. The intimate proximity and circulatory loop of the liver and the gut has attracted significant attention regarding the role of the microbiota in the development and progression of liver disease. Here we give an overview of the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system and focus on their convincing role in both the propagation and treatment of liver disease.
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Safinia N, Becker PD, Vaikunthanathan T, Xiao F, Lechler R, Lombardi G. Humanized Mice as Preclinical Models in Transplantation. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1371:177-196. [PMID: 26530801 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3139-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Animal models have been instrumental in our understanding of the mechanisms of rejection and the testing of novel treatment options in the context of transplantation. We have now entered an exciting era with research on humanized mice driving advances in translational studies and in our understanding of the function of human cells in response to pathogens and cancer as well as the recognition of human allogeneic tissues in vivo. In this chapter we provide a historical overview of humanized mouse models of transplantation to date, outlining the distinct strains and share our experiences in the study of human transplantation immunology.
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98
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Fallarini S, Massarotti A, Gesù A, Giovarruscio S, Coda Zabetta G, Bergo R, Giannelli B, Brunco A, Lombardi G, Sorba G, Pirali T. In silico-driven multicomponent synthesis of 4,5- and 1,5-disubstituted imidazoles as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A virtual library of 50 000 000 compounds synthesizable via the van Leusen MCR was created, screened and filtered to afford a series of disubstituted imidazoles with improved properties compared to 4-phenylimidazole.
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99
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Bergo E, Lombardi G, Guglieri I, Capovilla E, Pambuku A, Zagone V. Neurocognitive functions and health-related quality of life in glioblastoma patients: a concise review of the literature. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015; 28:e12410. [PMID: 26531122 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of quality of life in patients with high-grade glioma is an important endpoint during treatment, particularly in those with glioblastoma multiforme, given its dismal prognosis; thus, the primary aims of treatments are to reduce morbidity, restore or preserve neurological functions, and the capacity to perform daily activities. This review aims to summarise what is currently known about neurocognitive outcome and quality of life in patients with high-grade glioma, particularly in glioblastoma patients. We considered all the variables that can influence neurocognitive functions, the perception of quality of life and their role as predictors for treatment outcomes.
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100
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Iussig G, Renna M, Gorlier A, Lonati M, Lussiana C, Battaglini L, Lombardi G. Browsing ratio, species intake, and milk fatty acid composition of goats foraging on alpine open grassland and grazable forestland. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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