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Eser S, Schnieke A, Schneider G, Saur D. Oncogenic KRAS signalling in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2014. [PMID: 24755884 DOI: 10.1158/10.1038/bjc.2014.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is almost universally fatal. The annual number of deaths equals the number of newly diagnosed cases, despite maximal treatment. The overall 5-year survival rate of <5% has remained stubbornly unchanged over the last 30 years, despite tremendous efforts in preclinical and clinical science. There is unquestionably an urgent need to further improve our understanding of pancreatic cancer biology, treatment response and relapse, and to identify novel therapeutic targets. Rigorous research in the field has uncovered genetic aberrations that occur during PDAC development and progression. In most cases, PDAC is initiated by oncogenic mutant KRAS, which has been shown to drive pancreatic neoplasia. However, all attempts to target KRAS directly have failed in the clinic and KRAS is widely assumed to be undruggable. This has led to intense efforts to identify druggable critical downstream targets and nodes orchestrated by mutationally activated KRAS. This includes context-specific KRAS effector pathways, synthetic lethal interaction partners and KRAS-driven metabolic changes. Here, we review recent advances in oncogenic KRAS signalling and discuss how these might benefit PDAC treatment in the future.
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78
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Casper M, Petek E, Henn W, Niewald M, Schneider G, Zimmer V, Lammert F, Raedle J. Multidisciplinary treatment of desmoid tumours in Gardner's syndrome due to a large interstitial deletion of chromosome 5q. QJM 2014; 107:521-7. [PMID: 24554300 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcu036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Classic autosomal-dominant familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is clinically defined by the development of hundreds to thousands of colorectal adenomas beginning in childhood and adolescence. A variant of FAP characterized by polyposis in combination with osteomas or soft tissue tumours is called Gardner's syndrome. FAP is caused by germline inactivation of the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumour-suppressor gene located on the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q21-5q22). Cytogenetically visible deletions of chromosome 5q encompassing APC have very rarely been reported. Here, we aimed to phenotypically and genetically characterize a patient with a heterozygous 5q deletion resulting in Gardner's syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS A 26-year-old female patient with mild mental handicap and dysmorphic features due to a cytogenetically visible deletion on chromosome 5q (microscopically estimated region 5q14-5q23) presented at our tertiary referral centre because of mild adenomatous polyposis (<500 polyps). Twenty months after prophylactic proctocolectomy with definitive ileostomy, three rapidly growing desmoids were observed. Tumour-associated complications necessitated a multidisciplinary approach including medical treatment, surgery and radiation therapy. The characterization of the deletion by comparative genomic hybridization identified a large 5q deletion expanding over a 20-Mb region (5q21.3-5q23.3) including the APC gene. CONCLUSION Chromosome deletions must be suspected in patients presenting with FAP together with mental handicap and dysmorphic features. This case also impressively shows that FAP-associated desmoids need multimodal treatment taking into account the patient's individual symptoms, disease progression and tumour location.
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Wirth M, Stojanovic N, Schmid R, Krämer O, Saur D, Schneider G. 260: A novel MYC directed apoptosis pathway controls NOXA and BIM transcription. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50229-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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80
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Pilge S, Jordan D, Kreuzer M, Kochs E, Schneider G. Burst suppression-MAC and burst suppression-CP 50 as measures of cerebral effects of anaesthetics. Br J Anaesth 2014; 112:1067-74. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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81
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Daub A, Böhm M, Delueg S, Mühlmann M, Schneider G, Büchs J. Maximum stable drop size measurements indicate turbulence attenuation by aeration in a 3m3 aerated stirred tank. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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82
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Stroeder J, Rick S, Obst-Gleditsch K, Bücker A, Fries P, Schneider G. Wertigkeit der Ganzkörper-MRT unter Einschluss diffusionsgewichteter Sequenzen zum Staging und zur Verlaufskontrolle pädiatrischer Tumoren im Vergleich zu anderen Modalitäten. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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83
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Eser S, Schnieke A, Schneider G, Saur D. Oncogenic KRAS signalling in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:817-22. [PMID: 24755884 PMCID: PMC4150259 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is almost universally fatal. The annual number of deaths equals the number of newly diagnosed cases, despite maximal treatment. The overall 5-year survival rate of <5% has remained stubbornly unchanged over the last 30 years, despite tremendous efforts in preclinical and clinical science. There is unquestionably an urgent need to further improve our understanding of pancreatic cancer biology, treatment response and relapse, and to identify novel therapeutic targets. Rigorous research in the field has uncovered genetic aberrations that occur during PDAC development and progression. In most cases, PDAC is initiated by oncogenic mutant KRAS, which has been shown to drive pancreatic neoplasia. However, all attempts to target KRAS directly have failed in the clinic and KRAS is widely assumed to be undruggable. This has led to intense efforts to identify druggable critical downstream targets and nodes orchestrated by mutationally activated KRAS. This includes context-specific KRAS effector pathways, synthetic lethal interaction partners and KRAS-driven metabolic changes. Here, we review recent advances in oncogenic KRAS signalling and discuss how these might benefit PDAC treatment in the future.
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Stroeder J, Urban D, Müller A, Mahfoud F, Massmann A, Schneider G, Bücker A, Fries P. Vergleich von „bright blood“ und „black blood“ Cine Sequenzen für die Evaluation der Aortendistensibilität in Ratten bei 9,4 Tesla. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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85
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Fries P, Morr D, Müller A, Maßmann A, Seidel R, Robert P, Schneider G, Bücker A. Kontrasteigenschaften des experimentellen makromolekularen Gd-Komplexes P846 im Vergleich zu Gd-DTPA in experimentellen Lebertumoren bei 9,4 Tesla. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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86
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Perna AM, Schmidt T, Fugmann T, Tegtmeyer N, Backert S, Wessler S, Schneider G. Peptide lineup against Gram-negative bacterial infection – first-in-class peptide inhibitor of H. pylori HtrA. J Cheminform 2014. [PMCID: PMC3980066 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2946-6-s1-p46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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87
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Goll D, Loeffler R, Herbst J, Karimi R, Schneider G. High-throughput search for new permanent magnet materials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:064208. [PMID: 24469111 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/6/064208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The currently highest-performance Fe-Nd-B magnets show limited cost-effectiveness and lifetime due to their rare-earth (RE) content. The demand for novel hard magnetic phases with more widely available RE metals, reduced RE content or, even better, completely free of RE metals is therefore tremendous. The chances are that such materials still exist given the large number of as yet unexplored alloy systems. To discover such phases, an elaborate concept is necessary which can restrict and prioritize the search field while making use of efficient synthesis and analysis methods. It is shown that an efficient synthesis of new phases using heterogeneous non-equilibrium diffusion couples and reaction sintering is possible. Quantitative microstructure analysis of the domain pattern of the hard magnetic phases can be used to estimate the intrinsic magnetic parameters (saturation polarization from the domain contrast, anisotropy constant from the domain width, Curie temperature from the temperature dependence of the domain contrast). The probability of detecting TM-rich phases for a given system is high, therefore the approach enables one to scan through even higher component systems with one single sample. The visualization of newly occurring hard magnetic phases via their typical domain structure and the correlation existing between domain structure and intrinsic magnetic properties allows an evaluation of the industrial relevance of these novel phases.
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Laurita G, Vielma J, Winter F, Berthelot R, Largeteau A, Pöttgen R, Schneider G, Subramanian M. From Ag2Sb2O6 to Cd2Sb2O7: Investigations on an anion-deficient to ideal pyrochlore solid solution. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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89
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Müller B, Schneider G, Bitter T, Guntinas-Lichius O. [Spontaneous severe and diffuse soft tissue hemorrhage in the head and neck region]. Laryngorhinootologie 2013; 93:193-4. [PMID: 24363194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1361166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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90
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Ahlhelm F, Lieb J, Schneider G, Müller U, Ulmer S. [Osler's disease]. Radiologe 2013; 53:1084-90. [PMID: 24276214 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-013-2552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Osler's disease, also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, is an autosomal dominant disorder leading to abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes and often in organs, such as the lungs, liver and brain (arteriovenous malformations AVM). Various types are known. Patients may present with epistaxis. Teleangiectasia can be identified by visual inspection during physical examination of the skin or oral cavity or by endoscopy. Diagnosis is made after clinical examination and genetic testing based on the Curacao criteria. Modern imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have become more important as they can depict the AVMs. Pulmonary AVMs can be depicted in CT imaging even without the use of a contrast agent while other locations including the central nervous system (CNS) usually require administration of contrast agents. Knowledge of possible clinical manifestations in various organs, possible complications and typical radiological presentation is mandatory to enable adequate therapy of these patients. Interventional procedures are becoming increasingly more important in the treatment of HHT patients.
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Guttmann P, Rehbein S, Werner S, Henzler K, Tarek B, Schneider G. Nanoscale spectroscopy and tomography with the HZB X-ray microscope: Applications in materials and life sciences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/463/1/012032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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92
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Jordan D, Ilg R, Schneider G, Stockmanns G, Kochs EF. EEG Measures Indicating Anaesthesia Induced Changes of Cortical Information Processing. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2013; 58 Suppl 1:/j/bmte.2013.58.issue-s1-G/bmt-2013-4186/bmt-2013-4186.xml. [PMID: 24042793 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2013-4186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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93
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Hafner C, Bernthaler T, Knoblauch V, Schneider G. The Materialographic Preparation and Microstructure Characterization of Lithium Ion Accumulators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/147.110150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lithium ion accumulators are widely used already in numerous electronic devices. However, a great deal of research will still be required as to their use as a reliable and efficient energy storage unit in the automotive industry. Their characterization using physical and electrochemical methods has made great progress and was published already. In contrast, the classical materialographic characterization of their microstructure by means of microscopy is applied only to a small extent nowadays. Access by the public to relevant results is scarcely possible.
Properties like capacity and power as well as safety und stability also depend very much on the cell design (e. g. geometry, layer thicknesses) and microstructure (e. g. volume fraction, grain size) of the materials employed. A microstructure analysis by microscopy is intended to provide for a more profound comprehension of the connection between the basic parameters and function here. A challenge is posed by the preparation of a microsection to reveal a representative image of the microstructure without artefacts. The process of materialographic preparation and the potential of various microscopy techniques for visualizing and quantifying the cell components and ageing effects are presented here. The opportunities of characterizing the basic parameters specific to the cells furnishes new knowledge on the properties of battery materials and, hence, will be of great utility for future examinations and further developments of the lithium ion technology.
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Fries P, Morr D, Müller A, Lux F, Tillement O, Massmann A, Schneider G, Seidel R, Bücker A. Kontrasteigenschaften eines Gd-markierten Nanopartikels in Ratten mit experimentell induzierten Lebertumoren in der MRT bei 9,4 Tesla. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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97
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Oehmichen F, Ballmer P, Druml C, Junek R, Kolb C, Körner U, Paul N, Rothärmel S, Schneider G, Weimann A. Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM). AKTUELLE ERNAHRUNGSMEDIZIN 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1332986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mayer V, Schulz CM, Kreuzer M, Wagner KJ, Schneider G, Kochs EF. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance during simulator-based trainings: a comparative retrospective analysis of adherence to 2005 and 2010 guidelines. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:264-273. [PMID: 23306397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines have been published in 2010 emphasizing the importance of minimizing interruptions during chest compression. The aim of our study was to compare the simulator-based CPR training performance of physicians not specialized in anaesthesia and intensive care nurses before and after implementation of new resuscitation guidelines. METHODS In autumn 2010, a total of 74 scenarios during six 1.5 day simulation-based CPR trainings were performed. Four of them were conducted after the implementation of the 2010 guidelines. During each simulated scenario a programmed script standardized the conditions of the simulator and its reactions on the trainees' actions. CPR relevant parameters were extracted on the basis of the simulator's log files and no-flow-time fraction and median cardiac output of the simulator were calculated. Results before and after the guideline implementation were compared using the Wilcoxon Two Sample Test. RESULTS Thirty-four out of 74 scenarios were included into the analysis. During training according to the 2010 guidelines, the no-flow-time fraction was lower (median: 21.8% [IQR: 16.1-27.1%] vs. 29.1 % [IQR: 25.0-30.9 %]; P=0.04). The median cardiac output increased from 1.60 L/min-1 [IQR: 1.50-1.65 L/min-1] to 1.90 L/min-1 [IQR: 1.80-2.10 L/min-1]; P<0.001) when the CPR training was conducted according to the 2010 resuscitation guidelines. CONCLUSION Non-anesthesiological physicians and intensive care nurses training demonstrated an improved CPR performance in a high-fidelity human patient simulator with respect to the median cardiac output and duration of no-flow-time when 2010 CPR guidelines were applied.
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Stumpf A, Ständer S, Phan N, Tanneberger A, Heuft G, Schneider G. Body Concept of Patients with Chronic Pruritus in Relation to Scratch Lesions and Psychic Symptoms. Dermatology 2013; 227:263-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000354911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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100
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Forster K, Lingitz R, Prattes G, Schneider G, Sutter S, Schintler M, Trop M. Hair bleaching and skin burning. ANNALS OF BURNS AND FIRE DISASTERS 2012; 25:200-202. [PMID: 23766754 PMCID: PMC3664529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hairdressing-related burns are preventable and therefore each case is one too many. We report a unique case of a 16-yr-old girl who suffered full-thickness chemical and thermal burns to the nape of her neck and superficial burns to the occiput after her hair had been dyed blond and placed under a dryer to accelerate the highlighting procedure. The wound on the nape of the neck required surgical debridement and skin grafting. The grafted area resulted in subsequent scar formation.
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