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Alvarez-Rodriguez V, Martinez D, Gimenez M, Barberan J, Aguilar L, Ruiz-Polaina M, Prieto J. P1183 Initial hospital management at emergency departments of community-acquired pneumonia in Spain. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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77
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Barberan J, Sanchez B, Menendez M, Toral J, Fe A, Fraile I, Alguacil R, Martinez D, Prieto J. P1468 Predictive risk factors for amputation in diabetic fetid foot infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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78
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Gonzalez N, Echeverria O, Torrico M, Sevillano D, Gimenez M, Alou L, Aguilar L, Coronel P, Prieto J. P2061 Bactericidal activity of simulated serum concentrations of bid regimens of 400 mg cefditoren and 2000/125 mg amox-icillin/clavunanic acid against ampicillin susceptible and resistant H. infiuenzae: an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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79
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with hepatic resections and liver transplantation remains a serious complication in clinical practice, in spite of several attempts to solve the problem. AIMS To evaluate the response of the hepatocyte to ischemia METHODS Published data are thus revised. RESULTS The response of the hepatocyte to ischemia is based on the sensitivity of hepatocytes to different types of ischemia, the kind of cell death of the hepatocyte when it is subjected to ischemia, and on the response of the hepatocyte to the different times and extents of ischemia. Clinical factors including starvation, graft, age, and hepatic steatosis, all of which contribute to enhancing liver susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. CONCLUSION Ischemic preconditioning, based on the induction of a brief ischemia to the liver prior to a prolonged ischemia, has been applied in tumor hepatic resections for reducing hepatic I/R injury and recent clinical studies suggest that this surgical strategy could be appropriate for liver transplantation.
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80
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Menéndez Calderón MJ, Casal F, Prieto J, Cacho L, Tusón C. [Adrenocortical carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of five cases]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 23:533-6. [PMID: 17222069 DOI: 10.4321/s0212-71992006001100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We present five cases of adrenal cortical carcinoma, diagnosed in our hospital and we describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment. It is a rare tumor, highly aggressive and prognosis is poor. The clinical presentation is characterized by a mass effect, symptoms caused by the invasion of the structures nearby or by a variety of hormonal changes, especially hypercortisolism and virilization. The diagnosis is based on the biochemical characterization of the hormonal profile and on imaging techniques, especially computed tomography and magnetic resonance. The treatment is generally surgical and the most effective chemotherapeutic agents are the adrenolytics (mitotane) alone or associated with doxorubicin, cisplatin and etoposide.
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81
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Vera M, Sobrevals L, Zaratiegui M, Martinez L, Palencia B, Rodríguez CM, Prieto J, Fortes P. Liver transduction with a simian virus 40 vector encoding insulin-like growth factor I reduces hepatic damage and the development of liver cirrhosis. Gene Ther 2006; 14:203-10. [PMID: 17024107 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the only treatment for advanced liver cirrhosis. Therapies halting the progression of the disease are urgently needed. Administration of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (rIGF-I) induces hepatoprotective effects in experimental cirrhosis. Therefore, we analyzed the efficacy of a recombinant simian virus 40 vector (rSV40) encoding IGF-I (rSVIGF-I) to prevent cirrhosis progression. First, transgene expression was evaluated in mice injected with rSV40 encoding luciferase, which showed long-term hepatic expression of the transgene. Interestingly, luciferase expression increased significantly in CCl(4)-damaged livers and upon IGF-I administration, thus liver injury and IGF-I expression from rSVIGF-I should favor transgene expression. rSVIGF-I therapeutic efficacy was studied in rats where liver cirrhosis was induced by CCl(4) inhalation during 36 weeks. At the end of the study, the hepatic levels of IGF-I and IGF-binding protein 3 were higher in rSVIGF-I-treated rats than in control cirrhotic animals. Cirrhotic rats treated with rSVIGF-I had reduced serum bilirubin, transaminases and liver fibrosis scores and increased hepatic expression of hepatocyte growth factor and STAT3alpha as compared to cirrhotic animals. Furthermore, cirrhotic animals showed testis atrophy and altered spermatogenesis, whereas testicular size and histology were normal in cirrhotic rats that received rSVIGF-I. Therefore, rSV40-mediated sustained expression of IGF-I in the liver slowed cirrhosis progression.
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82
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Lorenzo-Zúñiga V, Rodríguez-Ortigosa CM, Bartolí R, Martínez-Chantar ML, Martínez-Peralta L, Pardo A, Ojanguren I, Quiroga J, Planas R, Prieto J. Insulin-like growth factor I improves intestinal barrier function in cirrhotic rats. Gut 2006; 55:1306-12. [PMID: 16434425 PMCID: PMC1860012 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.079988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In liver cirrhosis, disruption of the intestinal barrier facilitates bacterial translocation and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an anabolic hormone synthesised by hepatocytes that displays hepatoprotective activities and trophic effects on the intestine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IGF-I on intestinal barrier function in cirrhotic rats. METHODS In rats with carbon tetrachloride induced cirrhosis, we investigated the effect of IGF-I therapy on: (a) portal pressure; (b) intestinal histology and permeability to endotoxin and bacteria; (c) intestinal expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), two factors that influence in a positive and negative manner, respectively, the integrity of the intestinal barrier; (d) intestinal permeability to 3H-mannitol in rats with bile duct ligation (BDL); and (e) transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of polarised monolayers of rat small intestine epithelial cells. RESULTS IGF-I therapy reduced liver collagen expression and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats, induced improvement in intestinal histology, and caused a reduction in bacterial translocation and endotoxaemia. These changes were associated with diminished TNF-alpha expression and elevated COX-2 levels in the intestine. IGF-I reduced intestinal permeability in BDL rats and enhanced barrier function of the monolayers of epithelial intestinal cells where lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused a decrease in TER that was reversed by IGF-I. This effect of IGF-I was associated with upregulation of COX-2 in LPS treated enterocytes. CONCLUSIONS IGF-I enhances intestinal barrier function and reduces endotoxaemia and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats. IGF-I therapy might be useful in the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis.
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83
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González J, Orero A, Prieto J. [Storage of antibiotics in Spanish households]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2006; 19:275-85. [PMID: 17099796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how many antibiotics were stored in Spanish households, analyzing their origin and characteristics (number, antibiotic type and pharmaceutical form). In addition, some general characteristics of the "home medicine cabinet" were investigated. The study was conducted by telephone interviews with one of the heads of the family in 1,000 randomly chosen Spanish homes, but in accordance with a territorial distribution proportional to the Spanish population and to the urban and rural setting. According to the results obtained, there was at least one antibiotic packet in 37% of Spanish households, mostly corresponding (96.5%) to broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin (amoxycillin or clavulanic-amoxycillin). A total of 59.2% of the packets found corresponded to solid oral forms (tablets, capsules, etc.) and 40.4% corresponded to liquid oral forms (syrup, suspension, sachet). The antibiotics were mostly obtained by medical prescription (84.9%), self-medication being the origin in almost 15% of them. There was a member of the family under antibiotic treatment at the time of the study in only 30% of the households that had one or more containers. The financial evaluation of the "leftover" antibiotic doses makes it possible to estimate a cost of about 18 million euros, more than 12 million of which would have been financed by the Health Care Administration. The results show that storing of antibiotics continues to be important in Spain, even though a considerable decrease has been observed in the last 10 years. This could be related to a progressive abandonment of self-medicating attitudes.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common cancers worldwide, is often diagnosed at an advanced stage when most potentially curative therapies such as resection, transplantation or percutaneous and transarterial interventions are of limited efficacy. The fact that HCC is resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and is rarely amenable to radiotherapy, leaves this disease with no effective therapeutic options and a very poor prognosis. Therefore, the development of more effective therapeutic tools and strategies is much needed. HCCs are phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous tumors that commonly emerge on a background of chronic liver disease. However, in spite of this heterogeneity recent insights into the biology of HCC suggest that certain signaling pathways and molecular alterations are likely to play essential roles in HCC development by promoting cell growth and survival. The identification of such mechanisms may open new avenues for the prevention and treatment of HCC through the development of targeted therapies. In this review we will describe the new potential therapeutic targets and clinical developments that have emerged from progress in the knowledge of HCC biology, In addition, recent advances in gene therapy and combined cell and gene therapy, together with new radiotherapy techniques and immunotherapy in patients with HCC will be discussed.
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Larrea E, Aldabe R, Molano E, Fernandez-Rodriguez CM, Ametzazurra A, Civeira MP, Prieto J. Altered expression and activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) in hepatitis C virus infection: in vivo and in vitro studies. Gut 2006; 55:1188-96. [PMID: 16120756 PMCID: PMC1856287 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.070060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) play a critical role in antiviral defence. STAT3 is also important in cell protection against inflammatory damage. STAT proteins are activated by interferons and by hepatoprotective cytokines of the interleukin 6 superfamily, including cardiotrophin 1. METHODS We analysed the status of STATs in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected livers and the relationship between expression and activation of STATs and HCV replication in Huh7 cells transfected with HCV genomic replicon. RESULTS STAT3alpha expression was reduced in HCV infected livers showing an inverse correlation with serum alanine aminotransferase. In patients with HCV infection, nuclear staining for phosphorylated STAT3 was faint in parenchymal cells (although conspicuous in infiltrating leucocytes), in contrast with strong nuclear staining in hepatocytes from control livers. Expression and activation of STAT1 (a factor activated by both interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-gamma) were increased in HCV infected livers, particularly in those with high inflammatory activity. Conversely, phosphorylated STAT2 (a factor selectively activated by IFN-alpha) was undetectable in livers with HCV infection, a finding that was associated with marked downregulation of the two functional subunits of the IFN-alpha receptor. HCV replication in Huh7 cells caused STAT3alpha downregulation and blocked STAT3 phosphorylation by either IFN-alpha or cardiotrophin 1. HCV replication in Huh7 cells also inhibited STAT1 and STAT2 activation by IFN-alpha while there was no impairment of STAT1 phosphorylation by the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma. CONCLUSIONS STAT3 is downregulated in HCV infected livers and in Huh7 cells bearing the full length HCV replicon. HCV replication is associated with impaired Jak-STAT signalling by antiviral and cytoprotective cytokines. These effects may favour viral replication while facilitating the progression of liver disease.
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86
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Alfaro C, Murillo O, Tirapu I, Azpilicueta A, Huarte E, Arina A, Arribillaga L, Pérez-Gracia JL, Bendandi M, Prieto J, Lasarte JJ, Melero I. [The immunotherapy potential of agonistic anti-CD137 (4-1BB) monoclonal antibodies for malignancies and chronic viral diseases]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2006; 29:77-96. [PMID: 16670731 DOI: 10.4321/s1137-66272006000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological intervention on the immune system to achieve more intense lymphocyte responses has potential application in tumour immunology and in the treatment of chronic viral diseases. Immunostimulating monoclonal antibodies are defined as a new family of drugs that augment cellular immune responses. They interact as artificial ligands with functional proteins of the immune system, either activating or inhibiting their functions. There are humanized monoclonal antibodies directed to the inhibitory receptor CD152 (CTLA-4) that are being tested in clinical trials with evidence of antitumoural activity. As a drawback, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies induce severe autoimmunity reactions in a fraction of the patients. Anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies have the ability to induce potent immune responses mainly mediated by cytotoxic lymphocytes with the result of frequent complete tumour eradications in mice. Comparative studies in experimental models indicate that the antitumour activity of anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies is superior to that of anti-CD152. CD137 (4-1BB) is a leukocyte differentiation antigen selectively expressed on the surface of activated T and NK lymphocytes, as well as on dendritic cells. Monoclonal antibodies acting as artificial stimulatory ligands of this receptor (anti-CD137 agonist antibodies) enhance cellular antitumoural and antiviral immunity in a variety of mouse models. Paradoxically, anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies are therapeutic or preventive in the course of model autoimmune diseases in mice. In light of these experimental results, a number of research groups have humanized antibodies against human CD137 and early clinical trials are about to start.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Autoimmunity
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/immunology
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Chronic Disease
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
- Cytokines/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Virus Diseases/immunology
- Virus Diseases/therapy
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87
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Torres Martí A, Quintano Jiménez JA, Martínez Ortiz de Zárate M, Rodríguez Pascual C, Prieto J, Zalacaín R. [Antimicrobial treatment of COPD in the elderly]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2006; 19:167-83. [PMID: 16964335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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88
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Merino G, Real R, Molina A, Pulido M, Prieto J, Alvarez A. Interaction of Probenecid with the Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Transporter (BCRP/ABCG2). LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2006. [DOI: 10.2174/157018006776743170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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89
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Schmitz V, Vilanueva H, Raskopf E, Hilbert T, Barajas M, Dzienisowicz C, Gorschlüter M, Strehl J, Rabe C, Sauerbruch T, Prieto J, Caselmann WH, Qian C. Increased VEGF levels induced by anti-VEGF treatment are independent of tumor burden in colorectal carcinomas in mice. Gene Ther 2006; 13:1198-205. [PMID: 16617302 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by gene transfer techniques was effectively applied to control experimental tumor growth, whereas effects on systemic VEGF levels had not been investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of VEGF inhibition by adenoviral-mediated gene delivery of a dominant-negative soluble fragment of FLK-1 (sFlk-1) on systemic VEGF levels, organ-specific VEGF-RNA expression and antitumor efficacy in a murine colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor model. Vector function of AdsFlk-1 was shown by Western blot analysis and transgene expression was documented over a time period of 42 days in the serum of treated mice. Although cell supernatant of CT26 cells contained considerable levels of VEGF, systemic VEGF levels in the serum of tumor-bearing mice remained unaffected. Interestingly, mice that were systemically treated with AdsFlk-1 showed a strong upraise of circulating VEGF, whereas VEGF remained at background levels in the control. Vascular endothelial growth factor was increased not only in tumor bearing but also in healthy, tumor-free mice. Vascular endothelial growth factor determination in liver tissue homogenates showed a 16.5-fold upraise in AdsFlk-1-treated animals as compared to the AdLacZ control. Consecutively, systemic small interfering RNA injection targeted against VEGF reverted elevated VEGF levels almost back to normal levels. In spite of elevated VEGF levels, AdsFlk-1 administration showed significant antitumor effects in a subcutaneous metastatic CRC tumor model. There was no significant correlation between antitumour treatment response and VEGF levels in this model. Collectively, we conclude that the systemic administration of AdsFlk-1 had significant inhibitory effects on metastatic CRC tumor growth in spite of elevated systemic VEGF levels and that VEGF serum concentrations did not correlate to tumor burden and antitumor treatment response in this model.
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90
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Guío M, Prieto J, Corberán VC. Determination of kinetic parameters of the oxidehydrogenation of ethane with CO2 on nanosized calcium-doped ceria under fast deactivation processes. Catal Today 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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91
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Sarobe P, Lasarte JJ, García N, Civeira MP, Borrás-Cuesta F, Prieto J. Characterization of T-cell responses against immunodominant epitopes from hepatitis C virus E2 and NS4a proteins. J Viral Hepat 2006; 13:47-55. [PMID: 16364082 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Successful clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with strong cellular immune responses against viral antigens. However, although the magnitude of these responses is clearly important for viral eradication, more studies are needed to unravel the fine specificity of the protective anti-HCV immunity in infected patients. This was the aim of the present study. Overlapping peptides spanning the sequence of HCV E2 and NS4a proteins were used to stimulate T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis C divided into three groups: naïve patients, patients who exhibited sustained response to interferon (IFN)-alpha therapy and patients who failed to respond to the treatment. Interleukin-2 production by stimulated cells was measured in each case. Patients with sustained response to therapy had stronger responses to E2 peptides than nonresponders, whereas naïve patients demonstrated intermediate reactivity. In the case of NS4a, responses against peptides where similar in all groups of patients. Analysis of the peptides recognized by T cells showed that responses were broad and heterogeneous, and some immunodominant epitopes, preferentially recognized by patients exhibiting sustained response to treatment, were found. These results confirm the role of cellular immune responses in viral clearance, and stress the importance of immunodominant regions within HCV antigens. These viral sequences may represent valuable immunogens for preparation of therapeutic or prophylactic vaccines.
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92
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Prieto J, Hernández-Alcoceba R. Antisense oligonucleotides and the rational design of new antitumor drugs. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2005; 97:467-71. [PMID: 16262525 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082005000700001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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93
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Prieto J. [Antiinfectious therapy was born with a color: mauve]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2005; 18:335-8. [PMID: 16446795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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94
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Avila MA, Berasain C, Prieto J, Mato JM, García-Trevijano ER, Corrales FJ. Influence of impaired liver methionine metabolism on the development of vascular disease and inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 3:267-81. [PMID: 15974891 DOI: 10.2174/1568016054368197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Methionine (Met) metabolism involves the sequential formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM, the main biological methyl donor), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and homocysteine (Hcy). Hcy can be remethylated to Met or catabolized through the trans-sulfuration pathway. In mammals, as much as 48% of Met metabolism and up to 85% of all transmethylation reactions occur in the liver. These figures underscore the central role played by this organ in Met metabolism. Maintaining the homeostasis of this metabolic cycle has proved to be essential for the preservation of liver function up to the point of preventing its neoplastic transformation. However, an adequate hepatic metabolism of Met is not only important for the liver parenchymal cell. Evidence has accumulated over the past few years supporting the involvement of Met-derived metabolites in the triggering or attenuation of pathological processes with systemic implications. This is best illustrated by the fact that a deteriorated liver function has emerged as a major factor in the development of hyperhomocysteinemia. Elevated plasma levels of Hcy have been related to several disorders including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. On the other end, liver damage also leads to deficient SAM synthesis. Among the consequences of impaired SAM synthesis in liver tissue are the enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. In this review, we will address the mechanisms and consequences of abnormal Met metabolism in liver injury, the systemic implications of such impairment and finally the potential therapeutic interventions.
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95
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Moreno D, Yuste JR, Rodríguez M, García-Velloso MJ, Prieto J. Positron emission tomography use in the diagnosis and follow up of Takayasu's arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64:1091-3. [PMID: 15958768 PMCID: PMC1755567 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2004.029561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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96
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Bortolanza S, Qian C, Kramer MG, Gomar C, Prieto J, Farinati F, Hernandez-Alcoceba R. An oncolytic adenovirus controlled by a modified telomerase promoter is attenuated in telomerase-negative cells, but shows reduced activity in cancer cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2005; 83:736-47. [PMID: 15976917 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-005-0681-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The promoter for human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERTp) is preferentially active in malignant cells. It was recently used to control the expression of the adenoviral E1A gene for the development of oncolytic adenoviruses. To ensure maximal repression in normal cells, the inclusion of additional E-boxes in the proximal region of the core promoter was described. We found that the transcriptional activity of this artificial sequence (T-255-4DEB) is minimal in normal cells, but it is also reduced in all the cancer cell lines tested. The cancer specificity of a new oncolytic adenovirus based in this promoter (AdTE1) was evaluated by direct comparison with wild-type adenovirus type 5 (AdWT) in vitro and in vivo. In all the parameters tested, AdTE1 was attenuated in normal cells, but the efficacy in cancer cells showed a parallel reduction, suggesting a lack of specificity. However, the cytotoxicity of AdTE1 was repressed in senescent cells compared to AdWT. Therefore, we conclude that AdTE1 is preferentially attenuated only in cells that are permanently devoid of telomerase expression such as senescent cells. Further modifications in the telomerase-based promoters should be introduced in order to combine maximal attenuation of oncolytic adenoviruses in normal tissues and enhanced activity in tumors.
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97
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Matesanz P, Figuero E, Giménez MJ, Aguilar L, Llor C, Prieto J, Bascones A. [From knowledge of bacterial etiology to the treatment and prevention of the most prevalent infections in the community: odontological infections]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2005; 18:136-45. [PMID: 16130035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of community odontological infections and their relevance to public health were reviewed. Knowledge of bacterial etiology (and the transmittability of these microbial agents) was used to study the disease (individual susceptibility to etiological agents) in order to review the effect of treatment on odontological pathogens and human microbials. The synergy between the primary care physician and the dentist is fundamental to the control of this endemic disease.
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Aguilar L, Giménez MJ, Prieto J. [Is prevention of reactivation of herpes simplex 1 virus necessary in cosmetic surgery and dermatological procedures?]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2005; 18:118-23. [PMID: 16130033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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99
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Tellado JM, Sitges-Serra A, Barcenilla F, Palomar M, Serrano R, Barberán J, Moya M, Martínez M, García-Rodríguez JA, Mensa J, Prieto J. [Guidelines for the empirical antibiotic treatment of intraabdominal infections]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2005; 18:179-86. [PMID: 16130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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100
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Aguilar L, Giménez MJ, Martín JE, Prieto J. [Pharmacodynamic optimization of ceftazidime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: continuous infusion or intermittent administration?]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2005; 18:21-5. [PMID: 15915228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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