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Lee D, Lu H, Gu Y, Choi SY, Li SD, Ryu S, Paudel TR, Song K, Mikheev E, Lee S, Stemmer S, Tenne DA, Oh SH, Tsymbal EY, Wu X, Chen LQ, Gruverman A, Eom CB. Emergence of room-temperature ferroelectricity at reduced dimensions. Science 2015; 349:1314-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa6442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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77
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Hulin C, Shustik C, Belch A, Petrucci M, Dührsen U, Lu J, Song K, Rodon P, Garderet L, Hunter H, Azais I, Eek R, Macro M, Dakhil S, Houck V, Chen G, Ervin-Haynes A, Offner F, Dimopoulos M, Facon T. Continuous Treatment With Lenalidomide and Low-Dose Dexamethasone for Patients With Transplant-Ineligible Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in the First Trial: Impact of Age. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.07.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lu S, Sun X, Hong T, Yang S, Song K, Lai H, Wang C. Modified total arch replacement using a four-branched arch graft for acute type A aortic dissection with minimal brain and spinal cord ischemic time. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2015; 56:519-524. [PMID: 23752671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the results of modified surgical strategies of total arch replacement using a four-branched arch graft, stented elephant trunk, and innovative organ protection method for acute type A aortic dissection. METHODS Between August 2011 and December 2011, 21 patients with acute type A aortic dissection underwent modified total arch replacement using the four-branched arch graft technique. All 21 patients had emergency surgery. Five patients had undergone previous aortic or cardiac surgery. The operations were stented elephant trunk implantation in 17 patients, ascending aorta replacement in 21 patients, coronary artery bypass grafting in four patients, Bentall operation in two patients, and aortic valve replacement in one patient. Twenty-one operations were performed under deep hypothermic extracorporeal circulation, modified selective cerebral perfusion, and end-organ and spinal cord protection for arch reconstruction. RESULTS There was two in-hospital deaths (9.5%). No persisting neurologic deficits or paraplegia occurred in 21 patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 177.9±37.8 minutes. Myocardial ischemic time was 110.3±29.3 minutes. ICU time was 8.8±6.9 days and in-hospital duration was 28.7±13.7 days. Ventilation time varied from 9 hours to 21 days. A tracheotomy was necessary in four patients. Mean follow-up was 7.3±1.7 months and all patients are still alive. CONCLUSION Modified total arch replacement using a four-branched arch graft with stented elephant trunk and innovative organ protection is a useful and safe alternative technique for the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection and the results are encouraging.
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Lee S, Park EJ, Moon JH, Kim SJ, Song K, Lee BC. Sequential treatment with resveratrol-trolox improves development of porcine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Theriogenology 2015; 84:145-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Santoso A, Song K, Gardner S, Chetty I, Wen N. SU-E-J-28: Gantry Speed Significantly Affects Image Quality and Imaging Dose for 4D Cone-Beam Computed Tomography On the Varian Edge Platform. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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81
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Song K, Wen N, Qin Y, Kim J, Li H, Snyder K, Gordon J, Chetty I, Siddiqui S. SU-E-T-402: Evaluation of the Accuracy of a Novel Open Mask System for Immobilization of Cranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery Patients. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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82
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Li H, Zhong H, Song K, Qin Y, Snyder K, Gordon J, Chetty I, Wen N. SU-E-T-757: TMRs Calculated From PDDs Versus the Direct Measurements for Small Field SRS Cones. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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83
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Liu M, Snyder K, Zhao B, Wen N, Huang Y, Song K, Li H, Kim J, Chetty I, Siddiqui S. SU-E-T-487: In VMAT of Spine Stereotactic Radiosurgery a 1 Mm Grid Size Increases Dose Gradient and Lowers Cord Dose Significantly Relative to a 2.5 Mm Grid Size. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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84
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Tong J, Sun Z, Liu H, Geng L, Ding K, Wang X, Zheng C, Tang B, Zhu X, Yao W, Song K, Liu X. A myeloablative conditioning regimen with fludarabine demonstrates good results in UCBT for 30 pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies, especially acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Neoplasma 2015; 61:593-600. [PMID: 25030443 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2014_073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed the safety and efficacy of a myeloablative conditioning regimen with fludarabine (FLU) in unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) of 30 pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies. The conditioning regimen consisted of FLU, busulfan (BU) and cyclophosphamide (CY). All of the patients received Cyclosporine (CSA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. We achieved high engraftment rates (96.7%) and rapid hematopoietic reconstitution. Acute GVHD occurred in 12 cases of the 29 engraftment patients (41.4%), and 6 cases (20.7%) were of grade III-IV. Chronic GVHD only occurred in 1 of 28 evaluable patients (3.6%). Twenty-three patients (76.7%) became infected, and 3 cases (10.0%) died of severe infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation occurred in 70.0% of the patients, but no CMV diseases were observed, nor did any patients die of CMV infection. The cumulative incidence of relapse (6.7%) was significantly reduced, and none of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients relapsed. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 73.3% and 70.0%, respectively. The 3-year OS and EFS of the ALL patients was 75.0%. This conditioning regimen demonstrates good results and security in UCBT, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Xu H, Song K, Chetty I, Wen N, Kim J. SU-E-J-13: Six Degree of Freedom Image Fusion Accuracy for Cranial Target Localization On the Varian Edge Stereotactic Radiosurgery System: Comparison Between 2D/3D and KV CBCT Image Registration. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Spraggs CF, Parham LR, Song K, Briley LP, Johnson T, Russo M, Tada H, du Bois A, Xu CF. Different effects of the BIM deletion polymorphism on treatment of solid tumors by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) pazopanib, sunitinib, and lapatinib. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1515-7. [PMID: 25922065 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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87
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Kim B, Park J, Park B, Song Y, Park B, Song K. PO-1095 Comparison of TPS and actual measurement on the surface under the electron beam therapy with bolus. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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88
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Jia Q, Xia Y, Zhang Q, Wu H, Du H, Liu L, Wang C, Shi H, Guo X, Liu X, Li C, Sun S, Wang X, Zhao H, Song K, Huang G, Wu Y, Cui N, Niu K. Dietary patterns are associated with prevalence of fatty liver disease in adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:914-21. [PMID: 25649235 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Previous studies have indicated that higher levels of food consumption are associated with fatty liver disease (FLD), but few studies have investigated the relationship between this disease and different dietary patterns. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and FLD in adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS Dietary intakes of participants in the Tianjin were assessed via questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns, and FLD was defined as having a FLD diagnosis using liver ultrasonography. Relationships between dietary patterns and FLD were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Female participants in the highest quartile of high-carbohydrate/sweet pattern scores had a 2.19-fold greater risk (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-3.46) of developing non-alcoholic FLD (NAFLD) than those in the lowest quartile after adjusting for confounding factors. No significant differences were found between any dietary pattern and NAFLD in males. In males, a significantly increasing trend of alcoholic FLD (AFLD) prevalence was associated with increasing high-protein/cholesterol pattern scores (P for trend = 0.03; odds ratio (OR), 2.08; 95% CI, 1.15-3.81) while an increased high-carbohydrate/sweet pattern score appeared protective against AFLD (P for trend = 0.02; OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.29-1.00). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that high-protein/cholesterol pattern scores are associated with higher prevalence of AFLD in males. We also show high-carbohydrate/sweet pattern scores are associated with higher prevalence of NAFLD in females; but, interestingly, this pattern shows a favorable effect on AFLD in males.
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Song K, Jang G, Lee BC. 209 CLONED EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND GENE EXPRESSION OF SPONTANEOUSLY IMMORTALIZED PORCINE SKIN FIBROBLASTS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv27n1ab209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immortalization of somatic cells by oncogenes is effective for evaluation of gene targeting tools or molecular cell pathway because of relatively longer life span than normal cells. The BMI1 gene has been used to immortalize human and murine somatic cells, and we confirmed that BMI1 increased cell-life span of porcine skin fibroblasts and had no detrimental effect on pre-implantational development after somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT; unpublished data). Here, we report a primary cell-line which was spontaneously immortalized without transduction of any additional gene. The minipig skin fibroblasts (passage 3 after primary culture) were divided into two parts, one group was electroporetically transfected with pCAG-BMI1-T2A-RFP plasmids (BC1) and the other had no treatment (CC1). To establish the single-cell-originated cell-lines, cells of each group were plated in 100-mm dishes at 100 cells/dish and well-formed colonies were picked up after 2 weeks. These colonies were expanded until they were fully confluent in 100-mm dishes (designated Passage 0) and then, the cell were maintained with DMEM (20% FBS) at 3 × 105 cells/60 mm dish. Population doubling time was checked every 5 passages until Passage 45 (sub-cultured during ~160 days) by calculation of cells that had been plated in 12-well plates at 4 × 104 cells/well. The expressions of p16, p21, and DNMT3b genes were determined by RT-qPCR at early (Passage 5) and late (Passage 45) stage. Also, SCNT (Song et al. 2009 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76, 611–619) embryos using cells of early and middle (Passage 35) stage were evaluated in terms of reprograming efficiency. Data were analysed by t-test (Prism version 5.01, GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA). While the mean doubling time of BC1 was 25.3 h until Passage 40 and drastically increased at Passage 45 (81.7 h), that of CC1 was maintained until Passage 45 (mean 38.3 h). Expression of p16 in CC1 was significantly higher than that in BC1 at all stages. However, in late stage CC1, p21 expression was significantly lower than other groups and DNMT3b expression was increased. In SCNT embryos, the rate of blastocysts with early stage CC1 (18.3%) was not different from that of early stage BC1 (19.9%). And, although the rates of SCNT blastocyst derived from middle stage cells were decreased than those of early stage cells, there was no difference between BC1 and CC1 (6.6% and 5.4%, respectively). In karyotyping, while BC1 was trisomy of chromosome 14 only in late stage, CC1 had an isochromosome in chromosome 17 from early stage and an additional part was attached in chromosome 11 at late stage CC1. In summary, spontaneously immortalized skin fibroblasts could maintain the cell-life span by down-regulating the p21 expression and the pre-implantational development after SCNT was not different from that of BMI1-immortalized cells. And, additional studies are needed to confirm whether the chromosomal abnormality influences the expression of other genes related with cell cycle or senescence.This study was supported by NRF-2013R1A1A2010766, IPET (#311011-05-3-SB010), the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and the BK21 plus program.
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Ryu S, Park Y, Kim B, Cho SM, Lee J, Lee HH, Gurley C, Song K, Johnson A, Armstrong C, Song P. Inhibitory and anti-inflammatory effects of theHelicobacter pylori-derived antimicrobial peptide HPA3NT3 againstPropionibacterium acnesin the skin. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:1358-67. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Moon JH, Kim JH, Im HJ, Lee DS, Park EJ, Song K, Oh HJ, Hyun SB, Kang SC, Kim H, Moon HE, Park HW, Lee HJ, Kim EJ, Kim S, Lee BC, Paek SH. Proposed Motor Scoring System in a Porcine Model of Parkinson's Disease induced by Chronic Subcutaneous Injection of MPTP. Exp Neurobiol 2014; 23:258-65. [PMID: 25258574 PMCID: PMC4174618 DOI: 10.5607/en.2014.23.3.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) is a common pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Characteristics of PD patients include bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, tremor at rest and disturbances in balance. For about four decades, PD animal models have been produced by toxin-induced or gene-modified techniques. However, in mice, none of the gene-modified models showed all 4 major criteria of PD. Moreover, distinguishing between PD model pigs and normal pigs has not been well established. Therefore, we planned to produce a pig model for PD by chronic subcutaneous administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), neurotoxin. Changes in behavioral patterns of pigs were thoroughly evaluated and a new motor scoring system was established for this porcine model that was based on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) in human PD patients. In summary, this motor scoring system could be helpful to analyze the porcine PD model and to confirm the pathology prior to further examinations, such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), which is expensive, and invasive immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the brain.
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Oh S, Hwang I, Lee J, Park M, Lee S, Kim S, Song K, Son C, Kang J, Kang M, Kim H, Park Y, Sun J, Kim H, Kim C, Yi S, Jang J, Park K, Kim H. Phase Ii Trial of Epidermal Growth Factor Ointment for Patients with Erlotinib-Related Skin Effects. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu350.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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93
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Cho J, Hong Z, Lee E, Kim J, Shim H, Song K, Choi B, Story M. Time, Dose and Volume Response in the Mouse Pulmonary Injury Model After Ablative Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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94
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Kim HS, Park YH, Nam H, Lee YM, Song K, Choi C, Ahn I, Park SR, Lee YH, Hwang DJ. Overexpression of the Brassica rapa transcription factor WRKY12 results in reduced soft rot symptoms caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum in Arabidopsis and Chinese cabbage. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2014; 16:973-981. [PMID: 24552622 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), an important vegetable crop, can succumb to diseases such as bacterial soft rot, resulting in significant loss of crop productivity and quality. Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum (Pcc) causes soft rot disease in various plants, including Chinese cabbage. To overcome crop loss caused by bacterial soft rot, a gene from Chinese cabbage was isolated and characterised in this study. We isolated the BrWRKY12 gene from Chinese cabbage, which is a group II member of the WRKY transcription factor superfamily. The 645-bp coding sequence of BrWRKY12 translates to a protein with a molecular mass of approximately 24.4 kDa, and BrWRKY12 was exclusively localised in the nucleus. Transcripts of BrWRKY12 were induced by Pcc infection in Brassica. Heterologous expression of BrWRKY12 resulted in reduced susceptibility to Pcc but not to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in Arabidopsis. Defence-associated genes, such as AtPDF1.2 and AtPGIP2, were constitutively expressed in transgenic lines overexpressing BrWRKY12. The expression of AtWKRY12, which is the closest orthologue of BrWRKY12, was down-regulated by Pcc in Arabidopsis. However, the Atwrky12-2 mutants did not show any difference in response to Pcc, pointing to a difference in function of WRKY12 in Brassica and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, BrWRKY12 in Chinese cabbage also exhibited enhanced resistance to bacterial soft rot and increased the expression of defence-associated genes. In summary, BrWRKY12 confers enhanced resistance to Pcc through transcriptional activation of defence-related genes.
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Song K, Chen L, Luo H. Alpha-pulse sampling in attention revealed in saccade latency behavior. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Qin Y, Wen N, Snyder K, Huang Y, Zhao B, Bellon M, Li H, Song K, Kim J, Gordon J, Chetty I. SU-E-T-533: Evaluation of Dose Calculation Accuracy for Small Elongated Targets On the Edge Linac. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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97
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Gulam M, Gardner S, Zhao B, Snyder K, Song K, Li H, Kearns W, Gordon J, Wen N, Chetty I. SU-F-BRE-10: Methods to Simulate and Measure the Attenuation for Modeling a Couch Top with Rails for FFF Treatment Delivery On the Varian Edge Linac. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Gardner S, Gulam M, Song K, Li H, Huang Y, Zhao B, Qin Y, Snyder K, Kim J, Gordon J, Chetty I, Wen N. SU-E-T-406: Use of TrueBeam Developer Mode and API to Increase the Efficiency and Accuracy of Commissioning Measurements for the Varian EDGE Stereotactic Linac. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Song K, Kim J, Wen N, Li H, Snyder K, Zhong H, Gordon J, Chetty I. SU-E-J-147: Quantitative Analysis of 2.5 MV Portal Imaging Performance Compared to KV and 6MV Portal Imaging On the Novel Edge LINAC. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lee W, Ku S, Yoo H, Song K, Bae J. Andrographolide inhibits HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in murine polymicrobial sepsis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 211:176-87. [PMID: 24581270 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM Nuclear DNA-binding protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein acts as a late mediator of severe vascular inflammatory conditions, such as septic shock, upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Andrographolide (AG) is isolated from the plant of Andrographis paniculata and used as a folk medicine for treatment of viral infection, diarrhoea, dysentery and fever. However, the effect of AG on HMGB1-induced inflammatory response has not been studied. METHODS Firstly, we accessed this question by monitoring the effects of post-treatment AG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated release of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated regulation of pro-inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and septic mice. RESULTS Post-treatment AG was found to suppress LPS-mediated release of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements. AG also inhibited HMGB1-mediated hyperpermeability and leucocyte migration in septic mice. In addition, AG inhibited production of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activation of AKT, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 by HMGB1 in HUVECs. AG also induced downregulation of CLP-induced release of HMGB1, production of interleukin (IL) 1β/6/8 and mortality. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results suggest that AG may be regarded as a candidate therapeutic agent for the treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the HMGB1 signalling pathway.
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