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Jia F, Niu C, Jiang H, Du L. 1.325 EFFECT OF LEVETIRACETAM MONOTHERAPY ON EPILEPTIC TODDLERS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: A OPEN, PROSPECTIVE, SHORT-TERM AND CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Renye J, Somkuti G, Garabal J, Du L. Heterologous production of pediocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy foods. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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153
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Ma L, Du L, Feng L, Zhou G, Qu B, Ren G, Xu S, Xie C, Zhang X, Li F. Clinical Observations of 121 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Treated with Helical Tomotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Kluve-Beckerman B, Hardwick J, Du L, Benson MD, Monia BP, Watt A, Crooke RM, Mullick A. Antisense oligonucleotide suppression of serum amyloid A reduces amyloid deposition in mice with AA amyloidosis. Amyloid 2011; 18:136-46. [PMID: 21830877 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2011.597464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AA amyloid patients who experience disease progression and develop renal failure have not received sufficient benefit from agents that treat inflammation or infection. We have begun to explore the potential application of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to specifically suppress SAA production and thereby reduce amyloid deposition. Proof-of-concept experiments conducted in mice initially examined ASO ability to reduce serum levels of SAA during an acute inflammatory response. Peak SAA levels in ASO-treated mice were reduced as much as 65% relative to levels in saline-treated mice. The extent of suppression was dose-dependent and influenced by the time interval between ASO administration and inflammatory stimulation. Subsequent experiments tested whether ASO suppression of SAA was sufficient to mitigate amyloid deposition. Amyloidosis was induced by amyloid-enhancing factor and silver nitrate injection; ASO treatment was initiated 1 week later and continued 1× or 3× per week; inflammation was re-triggered by subsequent injection(s) of silver nitrate; mice were sacrificed after 4-5 weeks. Examination of tissues by Congo red staining and SAA/AA immunohistochemistry revealed consistently less amyloid in the organs of ASO-treated mice compared to saline-treated counterparts. These findings provide rationale for further investigation of SAA-specific ASOs as a potential therapy for AA amyloidosis.
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Christianson M, Brezina P, Benner A, Du L, Siegel A, Kearns W. Chromosomal duplications (≥200 KILOBASES (KB)) are more common than deletions ≥200 KB in developing human embryos as identified by 23 chromosome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray. Fertil Steril 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brezina P, Nguyen KHD, Benner AT, Du L, Ross R, Barker A, Anchan RM, Richter K, Kearns WG, Kirkegaard K, Hindkjaer J, Ingerslev HJ, Garcia-Guixe E, Jimenez-Macedo A, Arjona C, Gimenez C, Sandalinas M, Mizutani E, Suzumori N, Ozaki Y, Oseto K, Yamada-Namikawa C, Nakanishi M, Sugiura-Ogasawara M, Borges E, Figueira RCS, Braga DPAF, Pasqualetto FF, Setti AS, Iaconelli A, Tolmacheva EN, Kashevarova AA, Sukhanova NN, Lebedev IN. SELECTED ORAL COMMUNICATION SESSION, SESSION 36: ANEUPLOIDY, Tuesday 5 July 2011 10:00 - 11:30. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ren G, Du L, Ma L, Feng LC, Zhou GX, Qu BL, Xu SP, Xie CB, Ou GM, Li F, Zhang XX, Yang J. Clinical observation of 73 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated by helical tomotherapy: the China experience. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2011; 10:259-66. [PMID: 21517132 DOI: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The preliminary short-term clinical outcome of 73 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with helical tomotherapy at our cancer institute has been evaluated. Between September 2007 and September 2009, 73 newly diagnosed NPC patients were treated with helical tomotherapy. The distributions of clinical stages according to the UICC 2002 Staging System were: 6, 27, 24, and 16 for Stage I, IIa-b, III, and IVa-b, respectively. The prescription dose was 70-74 Gy/33F to planning gross tumor volume containing the primary tumor and positive lymph nodes, with 60-62.7 Gy/33F to high risk planning target volume, while delivering 52-56 Gy/33F to low risk planning target volume. Twenty-four patients were treated with radiation therapy as single modality, 25 with concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy with or without anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy, and 24 with concurrent anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy. Setup errors were analyzed. Side-effects were evaluated with the established RTOG/EORTC criteria. Average beam-on-time was 468.8 sec/F (396.7-696.1 sec). The setup errors in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions were 0.00 ± 1.79 mm, -0.55± 2.17 mm and 0.38 ± 1.43 mm, corresponding to 3.80 mm, 4.20 mm, and 2.46 mm as the CTV-PTV margin in these directions. The grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 acute skin toxicity was 2.7%, 76.7%, 13.8% and 6.8%; the grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 acute mucositis was 1.4%, 32.9%, 60.2% and 5.5%; and the grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 acute xerostomia was 4.0%, 45.3%, 50.7% and 0, respectively. Only 5 patients suffered from grade 3 or 4 leucopenia. Xerostomia resolved with passing of time and no grade 2 or more xerostomia was noted one year after radiation therapy. Concurrent chemotherapy significantly increased incidence of severe acute toxicities. One month after radiation therapy the remission rates of primary tumor and positive lymph nodes were 91.8% and 98.1%, respectively. The median follow-up was 14.8 months. The one-year relapse-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival was 95.6%, 97.2% and 94.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the incidence of severe acute toxicities and late xerostomia was relatively infrequent for NPC patients treated with helical tomotherapy. The long-term clinical outcome for these patients is under investigation.
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Kluve-Beckerman B, Hardwick, Du L, Benson MD. AA amyloidosis: potential therapy with antisense oligonucleotides. Amyloid 2011; 18 Suppl 1:200-2. [PMID: 21838487 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2011.574354075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Diabetes is usually associated with inflammation. Inflammation contributes to the development of diabetes. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) play an important role in lowering blood glucose and controlling inflammation. Many studies show that TCM with hypoglycaemic effects, for example Radix Astragali, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Trichosanthis, Panax Ginseng, Fructus Schisandrae, Radix Ophiopogonis, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Puerariae, Fructus Lycii, Poria, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Semen Trigonellae, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Opuntia stricta, Aloe vera, Cortex Cinnamomi, Rhizoma Curcumae Longae, and so on, have nearly independent anti-inflammatory action. Antihyperglycaemic compounds, for example berberine, puerarin, quercetin, ferulic acid, astragaloside IV, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, resveratrol, tetrandrine, glycyrrhizin, emodin and baicalin, used in TCM also have anti-inflammatory effects. These studies suggest that TCM might exert hypoglycaemic effects that are partly mediated by the anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, small amounts of TCM with potent anti-inflammatory action does not have any hypoglycaemic effect. This indirectly indicates that diabetes may be a low-grade inflammatory disease and potent regulation of inflammatory mediators may not be required. Studies of TCM add new evidences, which indicate that diabetes may be an inflammatory disease and slight or moderate inhibition of inflammation might be useful to prevent the development of diabetes. Through this review, we aim to develop more perspectives to indicate that diabetes may be an inflammatory disease and diverse TCM may share a common antidiabetic property: anti-inflammatory action. Further studies should focus on and validate inflammation-regulating targets of TCM that may be involved in inhibiting the development of diabetes.
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Acar-Perk B, Weimer J, Koch K, Salmassi A, Arnold N, Mettler L, Schmutzler AG, Ottolini CS, Griffin DK, Handyside AH, Summers MC, Thornhill AR, Montjean D, Benkhalifa M, Cohen-Bacrie P, Siffroi JP, Mandelbaum J, Berthaut I, Bashamboo A, Ravel C, McElreavey K, Ao A, Zhang XY, Yilmaz A, Chung JT, Demirtas E, Son WY, Dahan M, Buckett W, Holzer H, Tan SL, Perheentupa A, Vierula M, Jorgensen N, Skakkebaek NE, Chantot-Bastaraud S, McElreavey K, Toppari J, Muzii L, Magli MC, Gioia L, Mattioli M, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Koscinski I, Elinati E, Fossard C, Kuentz P, Kilani Z, Demirol A, Gurgan T, Schmitt F, Velez de la Calle J, Iqbal N, Louanjli N, Pasquier M, Carre-Pigeon F, Muller J, Barratt C, Viville S, Magli C, Grugnetti C, Castelletti E, Paviglianiti B, Gianaroli L, Pepas L, Braude P, Grace J, Bolton V, Khalaf Y, El-Toukhy T, Galeraud-Denis I, Bouraima H, Sibert L, Rives N, Carreau S, Janse F, de With LM, Fauser BCJM, Lambalk CB, Laven JSE, Goverde AJ, Giltay JC, De Leo V, Governini L, Quagliariello A, Margollicci MA, Piomboni P, Luddi A, Miyamura H, Nishizawa H, Ota S, Suzuki M, Inagaki A, Egusa H, Nishiyama S, Kato T, Nakanishi I, Fujita T, Imayoshi Y, Markoff A, Yanagihara I, Udagawa Y, Kurahashi H, Alvaro Mercadal B, Imbert R, Demeestere I, De Leener A, Englert Y, Costagliola S, Delbaere A, Velilla E, Colomar A, Toro E, Chamosa S, Alvarez J, Lopez-Teijon M, Fernandez S, Hosoda Y, Hasegawa A, Morimoto N, Wakimoto Y, Ito Y, Komori S, Sati L, Zeiss C, Demir R, McGrath J, Ku SY, Kim YJ, Kim YY, Kim HJ, Park KE, Kim SH, Choi YM, Moon SY, Minor A, Chow V, Ma S, Martinez Mendez E, Gaytan M, Linan A, Pacheco A, San Celestino M, Nogales C, Ariza M, Cernuda D, Bronet F, Lendinez Ramirez AM, Palomares AR, Perez-Nevot B, Urraca V, Ruiz Martin A, Reche A, Ruiz Galdon M, Reyes-Engel A, Treff NR, Tao X, Taylor D, Levy B, Ferry KM, Scott Jr. RT, Vasan S, Acharya KK, Vasan B, Yalaburgi R, Ganesan KK, Darshan SC, Neelima CH, Deepa P, Akhilesh B, Sravanthi D, Sreelakshmi KS, Deepti H, van Doorninck JH, Eleveld C, van der Hoeven M, Birnie E, Steegers EAP, Galjaard RJ, Laven JSE, van den Berg IM, Fiorentino F, Spizzichino L, Bono S, Biricik A, Kokkali G, Rienzi L, Ubaldi FM, Iammarrone E, Gordon A, Pantos K, Oitmaa E, Tammiste A, Suvi S, Punab M, Remm M, Metspalu A, Salumets A, Rodrigo L, Mir P, Cervero A, Mateu E, Mercader A, Vidal C, Giles J, Remohi J, Pellicer A, Martin J, Rubio C, Mozdarani H, Moghbeli Nejad S, Behmanesh M, Alleyasin A, Ghedir H, Ibala-Romdhane S, Mamai O, Brahem S, Elghezal H, Ajina M, Gribaa M, Saad A, Mateu E, Rodrigo L, Martinez MC, Mercader A, Peinado V, Milan M, Al-Asmar N, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Rubio C, Mercader A, Buendia P, Delgado A, Escrich L, Amorocho B, Simon C, Remohi J, Pellicer A, Martin J, Rubio C, Petrussa L, Van de Velde H, De Munck N, De Rycke M, Altmae S, Martinez-Conejero JA, Esteban FJ, Ruiz-Alonso M, Stavreus-Evers A, Horcajadas JA, Salumets A, Bug B, Raabe-Meyer G, Bender U, Zimmer J, Schulze B, Vogt PH, Laisk T, Peters M, Salumets A, Grabar V, Feskov A, Zhilkova E, Sugawara N, Maeda M, Seki T, Manome T, Nagai R, Araki Y, Georgiou I, Lazaros L, Xita N, Chatzikyriakidou A, Kaponis A, Grigoriadis N, Hatzi E, Grigoriadis I, Sofikitis N, Zikopoulos K, Gunn M, Brezina PR, Benner A, Du L, Kearns WG, Shen X, Zhou C, Xu Y, Zhong Y, Zeng Y, Zhuang G, Benner A, Brezina PR, Gunn MC, Du L, Richter K, Kearns WG, Andreeva P, Dimitrov I, Konovalova M, Kyurkchiev S, Shterev A, Daser A, Day E, Turley H, Immesberger A, Haaf T, Hahn T, Dear PH, Schorsch M, Don J, Golan N, Eldar T, Yaverboim R. POSTER VIEWING SESSION - REPRODUCTIVE (EPI) GENETICS. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tan J, Du L, Xu JH, Wang K, Luo GS. Surfactant-free microdispersion process of gas in organic solvents in microfluidic devices. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dronadula N, Du L, Flynn R, Buckler J, Kho J, Jiang Z, Tanaka S, Dichek DA. Construction of a novel expression cassette for increasing transgene expression in vivo in endothelial cells of large blood vessels. Gene Ther 2010; 18:501-8. [PMID: 21179172 PMCID: PMC3093449 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The success of gene therapy hinges on achievement of adequate transgene expression. To ensure high transgene expression, many gene-therapy vectors include highly active virus-derived transcriptional elements. Other vectors include tissue-specific eukaryotic transcriptional elements, intended to limit transgene expression to specific cell types, avoid toxicity and prevent immune responses. Unfortunately, tissue specificity is often accompanied by lower transgene expression. Here, we use eukaryotic (murine) transcriptional elements and a virus-derived posttranscriptional element to build cassettes designed to express a potentially therapeutic gene (interleukin (IL)-10) in large-vessel endothelial cells (ECs) at levels as high as obtained with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early promoter, while retaining EC specificity. The cassettes were tested by incorporation into helper-dependent adenoviral vectors, and transduction into bovine aortic EC in vitro and rabbit carotid EC in vivo. The murine endothelin-1 promoter showed EC specificity, but expressed only 3% as much IL-10 mRNA as CMV. Inclusion of precisely four copies of an EC-specific enhancer and a posttranscriptional regulatory element increased IL-10 expression to a level at or above the CMV promoter in vivo, while retaining--and possibly enhancing--EC specificity, as measured in vitro. The cassette reported here will likely be useful for maximizing transgene expression in large-vessel EC, while minimizing systemic effects.
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Li Q, Hyland A, O'Connor R, Zhao G, Du L, Li X, Fong GT. Support for smoke-free policies among smokers and non-smokers in six cities in China: ITC China Survey. Tob Control 2010; 19 Suppl 2:i40-6. [PMID: 19679889 PMCID: PMC2976027 DOI: 10.1136/tc.2009.029850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine levels of support for comprehensive smoke-free policies in six large Chinese cities. METHODS Data from Wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) China Survey (April-August 2006) were analysed. The ITC China Survey employed a multistage sampling design in Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou and Yinchuan (none of which has comprehensive smoke-free policies in place). Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 4815 smokers and 1270 non-smokers. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with support for comprehensive smoke-free policies. RESULTS About one in two Chinese urban smokers and four in five non-smokers believed that secondhand smoke (SHS) causes lung cancer. The majority of respondents supported comprehensive smoke-free policies in hospitals, schools and public transport vehicles while support for smoke-free workplaces, restaurants and bars was lower. Levels of support were generally comparable between smokers and non-smokers. Support for comprehensive smoke-free policies was positively associated with knowledge about the harm of SHS. Respondents who worked in a smoke-free worksite or who frequented smoke-free indoor entertainment places were more likely to support comprehensive smoking restriction in bars and restaurants. CONCLUSION Considerable support for smoke-free policies exists in these six large cities in China. Greater public education about the dangers of SHS may further increase support. Experiencing the benefits of smoke-free indoor entertainment places and/or workplaces increases support for these policies and suggests that some initial smoke-free policy implementation may hasten the diffusion of these public health policies.
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Du L, Liu F, Ju X, Huo G. Adhesion capability of first two domains at N terminus of NP_785232 protein and their interaction with a UV-absorbing component from human mucus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2010; 51:400-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aziz K, Ma X, Singhal N, McMillan D, Lockyer J, Qiu X, Du L, Lee SK. The Acute Care Of At-Risk Newborns (Acorn) Program Improves Learner Outcomes In Rural China. Paediatr Child Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.15aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jiang Z, Yang P, Hou S, Du L, Xie L, Zhou H, Kijlstra A. IL-23R gene confers susceptibility to Behcet's disease in a Chinese Han population. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:1325-8. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.119420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Poulter MO, Du L, Zhurov V, Merali Z, Anisman H. Plasticity of the GABA(A) receptor subunit cassette in response to stressors in reactive versus resilient mice. Neuroscience 2009; 165:1039-51. [PMID: 19931360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
GABA(A) functioning has been implicated in anxiety and depressive disorders. In this regard, we suggested that in addition to analyzing GABA(A) and the subunits that comprise the GABA(A) receptor, it might be profitable to assess the coordinated expression of subunits that comprise the GABA(A) receptor cassette. We demonstrate that certain subunits within stress-sensitive brain regions were higher in stressor reactive BALB/cByJ than in hardy C57BL/6ByJ mice, and that a chronic, intermittent, variable stressor (6 days/week over 7 weeks) differentially influenced subunit expression in these strains. Further, mRNA expression of GABA(A) subunits were highly coordinated (inter-correlated), and markedly altered by stressors, once again varying with brain region. At the central amygdala of BALB/cByJ mice the ordinarily high subunit inter-relations were reduced in acutely stressed mice, and this outcome was exacerbated with a chronic stressor. In C57BL/6ByJ mice subunit inter-relations were lower than in BALB/cByJ mice; the acute stressor increased subunit organization, which returned to control levels with following a chronic stressor. The profile of amygdala subunit inter-relations was recapitulated in a step-down behavioral test; anxiety was increased by acute and chronic stressors in BALB/cByJ mice, but in the C57BL/6ByJ strain the elevated anxiety associated with an acute stressor was not apparent after chronic stressor treatment. The anxiety could be dissociated from apparent anhedonia (reflected by free sucrose consumption) where the preference for sucrose was reduced by an acute stressor, but this outcome was more pronounced following a chronic stressor, especially in BALB/cByJ mice. These findings support the view that analyses involving subunit organization, rather than just differences in absolute levels, may be expedient in assessing GABA(A) functioning in stressor-related psychological disturbances.
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Zhang D, Shen H, Lv W, Tian Y, Li J, Hao G, Xiao J, Du L. MP-08.02: Carcinoma Recurrence Rate after Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy in Patients Who Undergo Transurethral Incision of the Ureteral Orifice and Open Excision of Bladder Cuff. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wang W, Lv W, Zhang D, Tian Y, Du L. UP-2.084: Pure Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy and Thrombectomy for Renal Tumor with Vena Caval and Renal Vein Thrombus. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Song J, Shao Q, Guo Y, Du L. UP-3.049: Position-Related Changes in Uroflowmetric Parameters and Post-Void Residual Urine Volume in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yu P, Hart K, Du L. An investigation of carbohydrate and protein degradation ratios, nitrogen to energy synchronization and hourly effective rumen digestion of barley: effect of variety and growth year. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2009; 93:555-67. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00839.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Luo BF, Du L, Li JX, Pan BY, Xu JM, Chen J, Yin XY, Ren Y, Zhang F. Heritability of metabolic syndrome traits among healthy younger adults: a population based study in China. J Med Genet 2009; 47:415-20. [PMID: 19755428 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.068932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate heritability of metabolic syndrome traits among healthy younger adults in a human population in China, and examine potential sex differences in heritability and parental effect on metabolic syndrome traits. METHODS Using offspring-parent regression, we estimated heritability (h(2)) of metabolic syndrome traits based on 452 child-parent triads identified from a population based random survey on metabolic syndrome among people over 15 years of age in Guangzhou, China. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and waist circumference (waist-C) were more heritable (h(2), 0.42-0.545), whereas systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and triglycerides (TG) were less heritable (h(2), 0.14-0.28). Sons had pronounced increases in heritability for all traits over daughters, particularly for cholesterol (0.653 vs 0.356), FPG (0.602 vs 0.313), LDL-C (0.521 vs 0.329), and TG (0.395 vs 0.187). Offspring-mother seemed to have a higher heritability in every trait except FPG (0.67 vs 0.794) than offspring-father, most notably for DBP (0.308 vs 0.122), SBP (0.288 vs 0.146), TG (0.387 vs 0.239) and waist-C (0.581 vs 0.354). CONCLUSION We estimated the heritability of metabolic syndrome traits in a human population based on a unique population based offspring-parent sample from China, and found important evidence that the maternal and paternal effects on these traits are different and the sex difference in heritability is pronounced.
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Ren H, Li Y, Tang Z, Yang S, Mu Y, Cui W, Ao H, Du L, Wang L, Li K. Genomic structure, chromosomal localization and expression profile of a porcine long non-coding RNA isolated from long SAGE libraries. Anim Genet 2009; 40:499-508. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang L, Lin J, Liu S, Cao S, Liu J, Yong Q, Yang Y, Wu B, Pan X, Du L, Wu C, Qin Y, Chen B. Mutations in the LDL receptor gene in four Chinese homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2009; 19:391-400. [PMID: 19073363 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Revised: 07/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder of lipoprotein metabolism caused by mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene, leading to elevated levels of cholesterol and an increased risk of coronary heart disease. In this article, from four homozygous FH phenotype probands we identified disease causing mutations and analyzed the relationship between genotype and phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA sequencing identified five LDL-R point mutations in four unrelated families. We found a novel homozygous mutation (C210R), a homozygous mutation at W462X, a compound heterozygous mutation of C122Y and T383I, and a G>A intron 3 splice site homozygous mutation. The functional alteration caused by the novel C210R mutation was confirmed by FACS analysis. Four probands have high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, ranging from 14.65 to 27.66 mmol/L. Their heterozygous parents had relatively low levels. B-mode ultrasound supplemented by Doppler was used to examine aortic/mitral valve structural alterations and carotid intima-media thickness (ITM) in all probands. The ITM values were between 1.2 and 2.3mm, much higher than the normal value of <0.8mm. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that all the probands were associated with severe hypercholesterolemia, thick carotid IMT and a low CFVR (coronary flow velocity reserve) value. The novel mutation (C120Y) is a disease causing mutation.
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Du L, Yang P, Hou S, Zhou H, Kijlstra A. No association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms with susceptibility to Behcet disease. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93:1378-81. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.156919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zou K, Liu G, Wu T, Du L. Selenium for preventing Kashin-Beck osteoarthropathy in children: a meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:144-51. [PMID: 18693119 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of selenium supplementation for prevention of Kashin-Beck Osteoarthropathy in children. METHODS We searched eight electronic databases and seven journals (upto July 2007) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective non-RCTs comparing selenium supplementations with placebo or no intervention for preventing Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). The methodological qualities of included studies were assessed according to the guidelines of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for RCTs and the method described by Deeks et al. for non-RCTs. Outcomes were presented as Peto-odds ratios (Peto-ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) based on fixed effect model. The number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated. Meta-regression was also conducted to explore the possible impacts of potential confounding variables (place of study, age, selenium form, etc.) of included trials on the incidence of KBD. RESULTS Five RCTs and 10 non-RCTs were included in this review. The methodological quality of included studies was low. The pooled Peto-OR and NNT favoring selenium supplement was 0.13 (95% CI: 0.04-0.47) and 21 in RCTs, and 0.16 (95% CI: 0.09-0.30) and 26 in non-RCTs. Meta-regression indicated that the effect of potential confounding variables on KBD incidence was not statistically significant. One trial reported the side effects of nausea and vomiting in the process of selenium supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence supports the benefits of selenium supplementation for prevention of KBD in children. However, the evidence was limited by potential biases and confounders. Large, well-designed trials are still needed.
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Zhu L, Qin M, Du L, Jia W, Yang Q, Walker MC, Wen SW. Comparison of maternal mortality between migrating population and permanent residents in Shanghai, China, 1996-2005. BJOG 2009; 116:401-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01979.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lin GZ, Peng RF, Chen Q, Wu ZG, Du L. Lead in housing paints: an exposure source still not taken seriously for children lead poisoning in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2009; 109:1-5. [PMID: 18976991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
After prohibitions on lead gasoline additives, which have proved to be a public health accomplishment world wide, many countries focus on other exposure source of children lead poisoning. Removing lead from paints is one of the important measures. Although there have been regulatory limits on lead in paints in China, evidence reported in this article indicates that lead-based paints were very common in new paints available for housing and in existing residential paints. Twenty-nine of 58 new paint samples (50%) had lead content equal to or exceeding 600 ppm, including 14 (24%) equal to or exceeding 5000 ppm. The highest sample contained 153,000 ppm lead, about 15% of the paint weight. Thirty-two new paints (55%) contained "soluble" lead exceeding 90 ppm, the current lead limit on paints in China. Of the existing paints, 16 of 28 samples of existing paint (57%) collected from 24 kindergartens and primary schools had lead concentrations equal to or exceeding 600 ppm, including six samples (21%) equal to or exceeding 5000 ppm. The highest concentration sample contained 51,800 ppm lead, accounting for 5.2% of the paint weight. It has been shown in many areas that paint lead is a major exposure source for lead poisoning in children. This is particularly true after the phasing out of lead from gasoline. Effective limitation on lead content in new paint, and lead hazard control measures directed towards existing paint, could reduce children blood lead levels (BLLs). There has been a lead standard for paints in China since 1986 and a stricter limit was introduced in recent years. Governments should take it seriously and enforce regulations, commit a long-term challenge to eliminate paint lead as it is the threat to current and the next generation.
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Wang J, Liu X, Du L. MITRAL ANNULUS DISPLACEMENT BY SPECKLE TRACKING IMAGING: A NEW TECHNIQUE TO EVALUATE GLOBAL SYSTOLIC FUNCTION OF LEFT VENTRICLE. Heart Lung Circ 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2009.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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He QQ, Wong TW, Du L, Lin GZ, Gao Y, Jiang ZQ, Yu TI, Wu JG, Lin L, Lin R. Nutrition and children's respiratory health in Guangzhou, China. Public Health 2008; 122:1425-32. [PMID: 18752814 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 05/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of nutrition in children's respiratory health in subjects participating in a study on air pollution and respiratory health. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS The relationships between consumption of fresh fruit, vegetables and milk and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEV(1)) and respiratory symptoms (phlegm with cold, phlegm without cold, cough with cold, and cough without cold) were examined in 2228 children (age 10.07+/-0.86 years) in Guangzhou, China. RESULTS A positive association was found between consumption of leafy vegetables and lung function in children. Subjects with the highest consumption of leafy vegetables had significant higher FEV(1) values than subjects who ate leafy vegetables less than once per week (1.68 l vs 1.56 l; P=0.047). Children with high consumption of fresh fruit and milk had higher lung function values than children with low consumption, although the differences were not statistically significant. Milk consumption was a protective factor for phlegm with cold, cough with cold, and cough without cold [odds ratio (OR) 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.97; OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36-0.79; OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.92, respectively, in the highest intake group]. Consumption of vegetables was a protective factor for cough with cold (P for trend=0.003) and cough without cold (P for trend=0.028). Consumption of fresh fruit was marginally associated with reduced prevalence of respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that dietary nutrients are important protective factors for children's respiratory health. Following-up these children may provide more evidence to confirm these associations.
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Li S, Jochum CC, Yu F, Zaleta-Rivera K, Du L, Harris SD, Yuen GY. An antibiotic complex from Lysobacter enzymogenes strain C3: antimicrobial activity and role in plant disease control. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2008; 98:695-701. [PMID: 18944294 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-98-6-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 is a bacterial biological control agent that exhibits antagonism against multiple fungal pathogens. Its antifungal activity was attributed in part to lytic enzymes. In this study, a heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), an antibiotic complex consisting of dihydromaltophilin and structurally related macrocyclic lactams, was found to be responsible for antagonism by C3 against fungi and oomycetes in culture. HSAF in purified form exhibited inhibitory activity against a wide range of fungal and oomycetes species in vitro, inhibiting spore germination, and disrupting hyphal polarity in sensitive fungi. When applied to tall fescue leaves as a partially-purified extract, HSAF at 25 mug/ml and higher inhibited germination of conidia of Bipolaris sorokiniana compared with the control. Although application of HSAF at 12.5 mug/ml did not reduce the incidence of conidial germination, it inhibited appressorium formation and suppressed Bipolaris leaf spot development. Two mutant strains of C3 (K19 and DeltaNRPS) that were disrupted in different domains in the hybrid polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene for HSAF biosynthesis and had lost the ability to produce HSAF were compared with the wild-type strain for biological control efficacy against Bipolaris leaf spot on tall fescue and Fusarium head blight, caused by Fusarium graminearum, on wheat. Both mutant strains exhibited decreased capacity to reduce the incidence and severity of Bipolaris leaf spot compared with C3. In contrast, the mutant strains were as efficacious as the wild-type strain in reducing the severity of Fusarium head blight. Thus, HSAF appears to be a mechanism for biological control by strain C3 against some, but not all, plant pathogenic fungi.
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Du L, Redmond K, Johnstone S, De Leacy M, Harper J. Saphenous vein peripherally inserted central catheters: Technique, indications and safety issues. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2008; 52:68-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1673.2007.01914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Du L, Zhu X, Gerber R, Huffman J, Lou L, Jorgenson J, Yu F, Zaleta-Rivera K, Wang Q. Biosynthesis of sphinganine-analog mycotoxins. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:455-64. [PMID: 18214562 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMT) are polyketide-derived natural products produced by a number of plant pathogenic fungi and are among the most economically important mycotoxins. The toxins are structurally similar to sphinganine, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ceramides and sphingolipids, and competitive inhibitors for ceramide synthase. The inhibition of ceramide and sphingolipid biosynthesis is associated with several fatal diseases in domestic animals and esophageal cancer and neural tube defects in humans. SAMT contains a highly reduced, acyclic polyketide carbon backbone, which is assembled by a single module polyketide synthase. The biosynthesis of SAMT involves a unique polyketide chain-releasing mechanism, in which a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme catalyzes the termination, offloading and elongation of the polyketide chain. This leads to the introduction of a new carbon-carbon bond and an amino group to the polyketide chain. The mechanism is fundamentally different from the thioesterase/cyclase-catalyzed polyketide chain releasing found in bacterial and other fungal polyketide biosynthesis. Genetic data suggest that the ketosynthase domain of the polyketide synthase and the chain-releasing enzyme are important for controlling the final product structure. In addition, several post-polyketide modifications have to take place before SAMT become mature toxins.
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Jiang X, Xia H, Du L, Yang S, Lu G. ASCR-016 Comparison of the effect of soluble TRAIL from progression-elevated gene-3 promoter on EC and ES cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhao QH, Tang DY, Du L, Fang RB. Synthesis, crystal structures and magnetic properties of transition metal dicyanamide complexes coordinated with pyridyl nitronyl nitroxides. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328407100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li Y, Lu F, Sun T, Du L. Expression of ksdD gene encoding 3-ketosteroid-?1-dehydrogenase from Arthrobacter simplex in Bacillus subtilis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:563-8. [PMID: 17451526 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To improve KSDH enzyme activity and the transformation level for androst-4-ene-3,17-dione. METHODS AND RESULTS 3-ketosteroid-Delta(1)-dehydrogenase gene from Arthrobacter simplex was expressed in Bacillus subtilis under the control of P43 promoter. The molecular weight of expressed enzyme was about 55 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis. The activities of intracellular and extracellular soluble enzymes examined by spectrophotometrical method were 110 +/- 0.5 mU mg(-1) and 15 +/- 0.6 mU mg(-1) of protein, respectively. The transformation rate of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione was 45.3% in the B. subtilis recombinant cells. CONCLUSIONS The enzyme activity of KSDH expressed in B. subtilis was improved about 30-fold compared with that of Arthrobacter simplex, and the transformation level of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by the B. subtilis recombinant cells was improved about 10-fold. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The recombinant B. subtilis cells used for biotransformation of steroids provide a new method for production of steroid medicine. The time required for transformation of B. subtilis is much shorter than that of other bacteria, which means it will have wider usage in biopharmaceutical industry.
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Lu W, Du L, Wang M, Guo Y, Lu F, Sun B, Wen J, Jia X. A Novel Substrate Addition Method in the 11β-Hydroxylation of Steroids by Curvularia Lunata. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/fbp.05137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ngai S, Tang YM, Du L, Stuckey S. Hyperintensity of the precentral gyral subcortical white matter and hypointensity of the precentral gyrus on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery: variation with age and implications for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:250-4. [PMID: 17296988 PMCID: PMC7977425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hyperintensity of the subcortical white matter (SWM) of the precentral gyrus and hypointensity of the precentral gyrus gray matter (PGGM) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are described as potentially useful diagnostic findings in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A detailed study of the prevalence of these findings in various age groups has not been described. METHODS One hundred twenty-two patients underwent axial FLAIR brain examinations as part of either hearing loss or tinnitus evaluation. Examinations were randomly selected to reflect an even spread through the decades from ages 15 to 78 years and were reviewed by 2 readers, blinded to patient's age and sex, for the presence/absence of the above 2 signs. If SWM hyperintensity was present, it was graded as intense as caudate nucleus (grade 1) or insula (grade 2). RESULTS We identified 32 cases of grade 1 and 5 cases of grade 2 SWM hyperintensity, and 28 cases of PGGM hypointensity. Both signs showed significant Spearman correlation with increasing age (r = 0.55, P < .001 for grade 1, r = 0.45, P < .001 for grade 2 SWM hyperintensity, r = 0.45, P < .001 for PGGM hypointensity). Analysis of variance showed there was a significant difference between the different age groups (P < .001) for both signs. Grading of the SWM and PGGM signals were highly reproducible with very good interobserver agreement (r = 0.88, P < .001, and r = 0.97, P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION This study suggests a statistically significant relationship between increasing age and the frequency of precentral gyrus SWM hyperintensity and PGGM hypointensity on FLAIR, and reinforces previous reports that these signs can be seen in patients who do not have ALS.
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Zhang J, Huang J, Zhou W, Huang F, Du L. Fiber reinforced silicon-containing arylacetylene resin composites. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zhao J, Zhang F, Lv W, Du L. MP-18.01. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ngai S, Tang YM, Du L, Stuckey S. Hyperintensity of the middle cerebellar peduncles on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging: variation with age and implications for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:2146-8. [PMID: 17110685 PMCID: PMC7977213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE T2 hyperintensity of the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) is described in a number of diseases, including multiple system atrophy (MSA). We hypothesize that mild MCP hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging can be a normal finding. To our knowledge, a detailed study of the prevalence of this finding in various age groups with the FLAIR sequence has not been described. METHODS One hundred twenty-two patients underwent an axial FLAIR examination of the brain as part of either a hearing loss or tinnitus work-up (ie, to exclude an acoustic neuroma or a retrocochlear cause). Subjects aged 15-78 years were included to reflect an even spread through the decades and were divided into 6 age groups. A radiologist and an MR imaging fellow graded the examinations subjectively, blinded to age: 0 for normal or 1 for the presence of MCP hyperintensity if the increased signal intensity was greater than that of adjacent pons and cerebellar white matter. Spearman rank correlation test of MCP hyperintensity with age and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. RESULTS Of 122 patients, we identified 17 with MCP FLAIR hyperintensity. None of these patients had a clinical condition that could cause MCP hyperintensity. MCP hyperintensity did not show a statistically significant correlation with age (r = 0.05, P = .62). Patients were divided into 6 age groups, and ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference in the incidence of MCP hyperintensity between different age groups (P = .95). However, results were highly reproducible with excellent interobserver correlation (r = 0.97, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Mild MCP FLAIR hyperintensity can occur normally, and this finding shows no relationship with age.
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Stiller M, Green RE, Ronan M, Simons JF, Du L, He W, Egholm M, Rothberg JM, Keates SG, Keats SG, Ovodov ND, Antipina EE, Baryshnikov GF, Kuzmin YV, Vasilevski AA, Wuenschell GE, Termini J, Hofreiter M, Jaenicke-Després V, Pääbo S. Patterns of nucleotide misincorporations during enzymatic amplification and direct large-scale sequencing of ancient DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:13578-84. [PMID: 16938852 PMCID: PMC1564221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605327103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas evolutionary inferences derived from present-day DNA sequences are by necessity indirect, ancient DNA sequences provide a direct view of past genetic variants. However, base lesions that accumulate in DNA over time may cause nucleotide misincorporations when ancient DNA sequences are replicated. By repeated amplifications of mitochondrial DNA sequences from a large number of ancient wolf remains, we show that C/G-to-T/A transitions are the predominant type of such misincorporations. Using a massively parallel sequencing method that allows large numbers of single DNA strands to be sequenced, we show that modifications of C, as well as to a lesser extent of G, residues cause such misincorporations. Experiments where oligonucleotides containing modified bases are used as templates in amplification reactions suggest that both of these types of misincorporations can be caused by deamination of the template bases. New DNA sequencing methods in conjunction with knowledge of misincorporation processes have now, in principle, opened the way for the determination of complete genomes from organisms that became extinct during and after the last glaciation.
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Zhu X, Yu F, Bojja RS, Zaleta-Rivera K, Du L. Functional replacement of the ketosynthase domain of FUM1 for the biosynthesis of fumonisins, a group of fungal reduced polyketides. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 33:859-68. [PMID: 16683125 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-006-0137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genetic manipulation of the biosynthesis of fungal reduced polyketides has been challenging due to the lack of knowledge on the biosynthetic mechanism, the difficulties in the detection of the acyclic, non-aromatic metabolites, and the complexity in genetically manipulating filamentous fungi. Fumonisins are a group of economically important mycotoxins that contaminate maize-based food and feed products worldwide. Fumonisins contain a linear dimethylated C18 chain that is synthesized by Fum1p, which is a single module polyketide synthase (PKS). Using a genetic system that allows the specific manipulation of PKS domains in filamentous fungus Fusarium verticillioides, we replaced the KS domain of fumonisin FUM1 with the KS domain of T-toxin PKS1 from Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Although PKS1 synthesizes different polyketides, the F. verticillioides strain carrying the chimeric PKS produced fumonisins. This represents the first successful domain swapping in PKSs for fungal reduced polyketides and suggests that KS domain alone may not be sufficient to control the product's structure. To further test if the whole fumonisin PKS could be functionally replaced by a PKS that has a similar domain architecture, we replaced entire FUM1 with PKS1. This strain did not produce any fumonisin or new metabolites, suggesting that the intrinsic interactions between the intact PKS and downstream enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway may play a role in the control of fungal reduced polyketides.
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Xiao YY, Chen XK, Du L, Pei RQ, Chen FY, Liu GR, Wu RH. The brain mapping on reinforcement acupuncture stimulation at ST36 (zusanli) evidenced by fMRI. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2006; 2006:1036-9. [PMID: 17946439 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2006.260495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To characterize the brain mapping on reinforcement acupuncture stimulation at ST36 (zusanli), and to discuss the mechanisms of acupuncture to treat diseases. fMRI was performed on 26 healthy Chinese student volunteers. Sixteen subjects were acupunctured at the acupoint ST36, while 10 others at sham-acupoint (lateral from ST36 about 3 cm). The fMRI studies were performed using a gradient echo-EPI sequence. Brain mapping were generated using GE Functool program. Cerebral blood flow and correlation coefficient (CC) of ROl were analyzed. Stimulation at the right ST36 elicited 13 brain functional areas, and 10 of these areas were the same with the sham-acupoint group. However, only the temporal gyrus was specificity while by using reinforcement manual acupuncture (MA) at ST36 (Fisher's Exact test, P=0.022), and the contralateral hemisphere activation was prominent (McNemer test, P=0.020). Our results support the theory of acupuncture about meridian distribution overlapping on the whole body. The special transmission channel of meridian may exists, and it may be consist of spinal nerve and autonomic nerve. However, our results may oppose the theory concerning on stomach meridian walking lateral.
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Shen B, Chen M, Cheng Y, Du L, Edwards DJ, George NP, Huang Y, Oh T, Sanchez C, Tang G, Wendt-Pienkowski E, Yi F. Prerequisites for combinatorial biosynthesis: evolution of hybrid NRPS/PKS gene clusters. ERNST SCHERING RESEARCH FOUNDATION WORKSHOP 2005:107-26. [PMID: 15645718 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27055-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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Ko S, Loha V, Du L, Prokop A, Tanner RD. Partitioning invertase between a dilute water solution and generated droplets. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2004; 77-79:501-10. [PMID: 15304718 DOI: 10.1385/abab:78:1-3:501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Water droplets or mist occur naturally in the air at seashores. These water droplets carry inorganic and organic substances from the sea to the land via the air, creating fertile land in sandy coastal areas (1). The same phenomenon occurs in an air-fluidized bed bioreactor (2). In an air-fluidized bed reactor, proteins can be transferred from the bioreactor semisolid bulk phase to an enriched droplet phase. This protein transfer process (droplet fractionation) can be experimentally simulated by shaking a separatory funnel containing a dilute solution of a given protein, which can be an enzyme like invertase. The created droplets become richer in invertase (protein) than that of the original dilute solution. The droplets can then be coalesced by trapping them and recovering the concentrated protein in the new liquid phase. Typically, in such a droplet fractionation process a collected enzyme can be degraded in its ability to catalyze a chemical reaction. In this article, we explore whether the initial solution pH control variable can be adjusted to minimize the decrease of enzyme activity in this process. The protein droplet recovery problem is one in which the recovered amount of desired protein (enzyme) in the droplet is maximized, subject to the minimization of the enzyme activity loss. The partition coefficient, which is the ratio between the protein concentration in the droplets and the residual solution, is maximized at approx 4.8 and occurs at pH 3.0. Here, the partition coefficient for invertase decreases as the initial solution pH increases, between pH 3.0 and 8.0. Interestingly, the initial solution surface tension seems to be inversely proportional to the partition coefficient. The partition coefficient reaches a maximum value at a surface tension value of approx 63 mN/m at pH 3.0. The enzymatic activity of the initial, the residual, and the droplet solutions all decrease as the bulk solution pH increases. A decrease of enzymatic activity was observed in the residual bulk solution when compared with that in the initial bulk solution at all pH levels. Also, up to 90% of the invertase activity was lost in the droplets when compared to the initial bulk solution.
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Henriksson G, Sallmyr A, Du L, Larsson A, Manthorpe R, Bredberg A. Enhanced DNA-dependent protein kinase activity in Sjogren's syndrome B cells. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004; 43:1109-15. [PMID: 15213331 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the stress response, including the role of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), in B cells from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients. METHODS B-cell lines were exposed to gamma radiation and then postincubated to allow inducible stress functions to develop. The magnitude of the DNA damage response was monitored with respect to DNA-PK phosphorylation of a p53 peptide, defence protein levels (Ku, DNA-PK catalytic subunit, ATM, p21 and p53) and flow cytometric determination of cell cycle phases and apoptosis. RESULTS B cells from SS patients, compared with healthy controls, displayed enhancement of two stress functions in undamaged cells: DNA-PK kinase activity and apoptosis. In addition, SS showed enhanced cell cycle arrest in gamma-irradiated cells. CONCLUSIONS Strong kinase activity of DNA-PK, functioning not only in a DNA damage response but also in immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, may be an important component of the heightened stress response displayed by SS cells. In combination with recent reports, our data indicate that constitutional hyper-reactivity to danger signals is a basic pathogenetic factor in SS.
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Sun W, Chang H, Ren ZJ, Yang ZP, Geng RQ, Lu SX, Du L, Tsunoda K. Genetic Differentiation between Sheep and Goats Based on Microsatellite DNA. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2004. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2004.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lu SX, Chang H, Du L, Tsunoda K, Ji DJ, Sun W, Yang ZP, Chang GB, Mao YJ, Wang QH, Xu M. Genetic Differentiation among Sheep Populations from Near-sea Mainland in East Asia. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2004. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2004.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xu W, Chang H, Wang HY, Chang GB, Du L, Lu SX, Yi HQ, Xu Q, Xu M, Wang QH. Cross Fertility between the Wild Japanese Quail in the Weishan Lake Area and Domestic Quail. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2003. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2003.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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