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Schirmer JH, Aries PM, Balzer K, Berlit P, Bley TA, Buttgereit F, Czihal M, Dechant C, Dejaco C, Garske U, Henes J, Holle JU, Holl-Ulrich K, Lamprecht P, Nölle B, Moosig F, Rech J, Scheuermann K, Schmalzing M, Schmidt WA, Schneider M, Schulze-Koops H, Venhoff N, Villiger PM, Witte T, Zänker M, Hellmich B. [S2k guidelines (executive summary): management of large-vessel vasculitis]. Z Rheumatol 2021; 79:937-942. [PMID: 33156418 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Seidensaal K, Kieser M, Hommertgen A, Jaekel C, Harrabi SB, Herfarth K, Mechtesheimer G, Lehner B, Schneider M, Nienhueser H, Fröhling S, Egerer G, Debus J, Uhl M. Neoadjuvant irradiation of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma with ions (Retro-Ion): study protocol for a randomized phase II pilot trial. Trials 2021; 22:134. [PMID: 33579340 PMCID: PMC7881463 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Following surgery for soft tissue sarcoma of the retroperitoneum, the predominant pattern of failure is local recurrence, which remains the main cause of death. Radiotherapy is utilized to reduce recurrence rates but the efficacy of this strategy has not been definitely established. As treatment tolerability is more favorable with preoperative radiotherapy, normofractionated neoadjuvant treatment is the current approach. The final results of the prospective, randomized STRASS (EORTC 62092) trial, which compared the efficacy of this combined treatment to that of surgery alone, are still awaited; preliminary results presented at the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting indicated that combined treatment is associated with better local control in patients with liposarcoma (74.5% of the cohort, 11% benefit in abdominal progression free survival after 3 years, p = 0.049). Particles allow better sparing of surrounding tissues at risk, e.g., bowel epithelium, and carbon ions additionally offer biologic advantages and are preferred in slow growing tumors. Furthermore, hypofractionation allows for a significantly shorter treatment interval with a lower risk of progression during radiotherapy. Methods and design We present a prospective, randomized, monocentric phase II trial. Patients with resectable or marginally resectable, histologically confirmed soft tissue sarcoma of the retroperitoneum will be randomized between neoadjuvant proton or neoadjuvant carbon ion radiotherapy in active scanning beam application technique (39 Gy [relative biological effectiveness, RBE] in 13 fractions [5–6 fractions per week] in each arm). The primary objective is the safety and feasibility based on the proportion of grade 3–5 toxicity (CTCAE, version 5.0) in the first 12 months after surgery or discontinuation of treatment for any reason related to the treatment. Local control, local progression-free survival, disease-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life are the secondary endpoints of the study. Discussion The aim of this study is to confirm that hypofractionated, accelerated preoperative radiotherapy is safe and feasible. The rationale for the use of particle therapy is the potential for reduced toxicity. The data will lay the groundwork for a randomized phase III trial comparing hypofractionated proton and carbon ion irradiation with regard to local control. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04219202. Retrospectively registered on January 6, 2020
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Meziu E, Koch M, Fleddermann J, Schwarzkopf K, Schneider M, Kraegeloh A. Visualization of the structure of native human pulmonary mucus. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120238. [PMID: 33540010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human respiratory mucus lining the airway epithelium forms a challenging barrier to inhalation therapeutics. Therefore, structural elucidation of hydrated mucus is essential for an efficient drug delivery development. The structure of mucus has been primarily investigated by conventional electron microscopy techniques, which operate under vacuum conditions and require sample preparation steps that might alter the structure of mucus. In this study we investigated the impact of dehydration on mucus and analyzed the structure of mucus in its hydrated state. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) analysis of mucus showed, that during the process of sublimation, non-porous structure of mucus is transformed into a porous network. Similarly, images acquired by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), revealed a non-porous structure of hydrated mucus, while further observation at decreasing pressure demonstrated the strong influence of dehydration on mucus structure. We could successfully visualize the structural organization of the major gel forming mucin MUC5B in its hydrated state by employing stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, which allowed resolving the nano-scale patterns of mucin macromolecules within the essentially pore-free mucus structure. The general structural organization of mucus components was addressed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which revealed the heterogeneous and composite structure of mucus. These results provide a novel view on the native structure of mucus and will affect drug delivery development.
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Dewald EL, Landen OL, Salmonson J, Masse L, Smalyuk VA, Schneider M, Nikroo A. Hohlraum x-ray preheat asymmetry measurement at the ICF capsule via Mo ball fluorescence imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023517. [PMID: 33648073 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In inertial confinement fusion, penetrating asymmetric hohlraum preheat radiation (>1.8 keV, which includes high temperature coronal M-band emission from laser spots) can lead to asymmetric ablation front and ablator-fuel interface hydrodynamic instability growth in the imploding capsule. First experiments to infer the preheat asymmetries at the capsule were performed on the National Ignition Facility for high density carbon (HDC) capsules in low density fill (0.3 mg/cc 4He) Au hohlraums by time resolved imaging of 2.3 keV fluorescence emission of a smaller Mo sphere placed inside the capsule. Measured Mo emission is pole hot (P2 > 0) since M-band is generated mainly by the outer laser beams as their irradiance at the hohlraum wall is 5× higher than for the inner beams. P2 has a large swing vs time, giving insight into the laser heated hohlraum dynamics. P4 asymmetry is small at the sphere due to efficient geometric smoothing of hohlraum P4 asymmetries at large hohlraum-to-capsule radii ratios. The asymmetry at the HDC capsule is inferred from the Mo emission asymmetry accounting for the Mo/HDC radius difference and HDC capsule opacity.
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McInerney J, Schneider M, Lombardo P, Cowling C. Regulation of healthcare and medical imaging in Australia: A narrative review of the evolution, function and impact on professional behaviours. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:935-942. [PMID: 33386223 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review explores the literature about the status and influence of statutory regulation in healthcare with a focus on medical imaging. It summarises the status of regulation in Australia for radiographers and sonographers, with brief reference to the global situation. The role of regulation is explored in terms of its evolution, function and effect on professional behaviours. KEY FINDINGS Reports of medical errors, sentinel events and professional misconduct in healthcare have raised concern about how health care professionals are regulated. Patient-centric healthcare delivery has changed how people interact with healthcare, contributing to the development of statutory regulation for many healthcare professions. In Australia, the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law (The National Law) 2009, established the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme (NRAS) in order to practice. Not all health care professions are included in the scheme. In medical imaging, radiographers are included but sonographers are a notable exception. Regulation is designed to positively influence practitioners' professional behaviours. The available evidence however is limited, but suggests that under certain circumstances, it can negatively impact practitioners' professional behaviours. CONCLUSION Statutory regulation has been implemented to address serious issues highlighted in reports of medical errors and professional misconduct, but it may have unintended consequences on the professional behaviours of practitioners. Limited research means the relationship between statutory regulation of healthcare practitioners and its impact upon professional behaviours remains unclear. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE If statutory regulation of healthcare professionals is to achieve its aim of protecting the public, it is imperative that we understand the impact that it has on professional behaviours. This review highlights that it can negatively impact professional behaviours which may be detrimental to patient's safety.
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Voigt K, Heubner C, Schneider M, Michaelis A. Formation mechanism of electrodeposited Sb/Sb2O3 micro-composites. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lakomek HJ, Krause A, Braun J, Hellmich B, Klass M, Lorenz H, Schneider M, Schulze-Koops H, Specker C. [Future of acute inpatient rheumatology in Germany : Statement of the Boards of the German Society for Rheumatology and the Association of Rheumatological Acute Clinics on hospital planning North-Rhine/Westphalia 2019 for the discipline rheumatology]. Z Rheumatol 2020; 80:103-106. [PMID: 33313964 PMCID: PMC7872996 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Im September 2019 wurde vom Ministerium für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales (MAGS) in NRW ein Gutachten zur Krankenhausplanung veröffentlicht. Hierin wurde eine grundlegende Reform der Krankenhausplanung empfohlen, indem zukünftig eine Bedarfsplanung auf der Grundlage einer detaillierten Ausweisung von Leistungsbereichen und Leistungsgruppen erfolgen soll. Nach Aufforderung durch das MAGS NRW hat auch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh) mit Unterstützung des Verbandes Rheumatologischer Akutkliniken (VRA) hierzu Stellung genommen.
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Lorenz HM, Aringer M, Braun J, Hoyer BF, Krause A, Meyer-Olson D, Mucke J, Rudwaleit M, Schneider M, Sewerin P, Späthling-Mestekemper S, Specker C, Voormann A, Wagner U, Wendler J, Schulze-Koops H. [Mission statement from rheumatologists in the German Society of Rheumatology (DGRh e. V.) : We live rheumatology. German version]. Z Rheumatol 2020; 79:1018-1021. [PMID: 33216190 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic disease demands systemic thinkers. In this mission statement we define rheumatology, describe the role of the German Society of Rheumatology and the rheumatologist's spirit to their discipline. Rheumatologists are dedicated to improving the quality of life of their acute, chronic, and rehabilitative patients on the basis of up to date evidence and strong physician-patient relations. We think, act and interact systemically, scientifically, consistently, transparently, reliably, inclusively, innovatively and enthusiastically.
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Aries P, Welcker M, Callhoff J, Chehab G, Krusche M, Schneider M, Specker C, Richter JG. [Statement of the German Society for Rheumatology (DGRh) on the use of video consultations in rheumatology]. Z Rheumatol 2020; 79:1078-1085. [PMID: 33201305 PMCID: PMC7670291 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Die Durchführung von Videosprechstunden wird seit mehreren Jahren als ergänzende Form der medizinischen Versorgung in Ergänzung zu einem persönlichen Arzt-Patienten-Kontakt angesehen und teilweise auch gefördert. Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat der Nutzung von Videosprechstunden ungeahnte Aktualität und Aufmerksamkeit verschafft. Die Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung beschloss Sonderregelungen im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie, die bisherige Hindernisse für den Einsatz von Telemedizin und Videosprechstunden (und auch teilweise der herkömmlichen Telefonie) reduziert. Die vorliegende Stellungnahme der DGRh zum Einsatz von Videosprechstunden soll einen Überblick darüber geben, in welcher Form und mit welchen Limitierungen die Videosprechstunde in der Rheumatologie in Deutschland anwendbar ist. Die Stellungnahme skizziert einen Ausblick, wie die Videosprechstunde welche Funktionen zukünftig in der rheumatologischen Versorgung übernehmen kann.
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Dalos D, Dachs T, Gatterer C, Schneider M, Binder T, Bonderman D, Hengstenberg C, Panzer S, Aschauer S. Cardiac remodeling in ambitious endurance-trained amateur athletes older than 50 years. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Data on cardiac remodeling in athletes are conflicting and rarely available in veteran athletes.
Purpose
Therefore, in this study we aimed to define echocardiographic features of healthy endurance athletes older than 50 years.
Methods
We included probands aged >50 years, who have performed endurance sports at 70% of their maximum heart rate for at least 1 hour 3 times per week over the previous 5 years.
Results
Between November 2018 and May 2019, 69 probands were recruited. Median age was 57 years (IQR 52–64) and 26% were female. Groups were formed according to the median training time of 6 hours per week: (A) 45 probands with ≥6 hours (IQR 6–10) and (B) 24 probands with <6 hours (IQR 3.5–5). Age, sex and body mass index were similar. Group A demonstrated slightly smaller right atrial and left atrial (LA) diameters when compared to probands in B (53mm (IQR 49–55) vs. 53mm (IQR 51–58), p=0.045, and 52mm (IQR 49–55) vs. 53mm (IQR 52–58), p=0.039, respectively) and showed preserved diastolic function (p=0.026) with lower E/E' ratio (7 (IQR 6–9) vs. 9 (IQR 7–10), p=0.039). Interventricular septal thickness and relative wall thickness ratio were similar.
Global right and left ventricular (LV) strain were similar, but LA reservoir strain was higher in group A than in B (27% (IQR 22–34) vs. 20% (IQR 15–29), p=0.016).
Conclusion
Endurance training in healthy athletes older than 50 years does not result in relevant chamber dilatation or LV hypertrophy and a weekly training duration of ≥6 hours seems beneficial to preserve diastolic function associated with an increased LA reservoir function.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Koschutnik M, Goliasch G, Nitsche C, Kammerlander A, Dona C, Dannenberg V, Schneider M, Bartko P, Mora B, Bartunek A, Andreas M, Hengstenberg C, Mascherbauer J. Acute hemodynamic effects of iatrogenic inter-atrial shunts after percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Implantable interatrial shunt devices improve pulmonary vascular function in patients with heart failure by transferring richly oxygenated blood to the right heart. Whether iatrogenic atrial septum defects (iASDs) after percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (pMVR) are also associated with beneficial hemodynamic effects has not been investigated.
Methods
We consecutively enrolled patients with relevant functional (FMR) and degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) scheduled for pMVR. Invasive hemodynamic assessments were performed prior to and immediately after the procedure.
Results
97 consecutive patients (75.4±9.1 years; 58% female) were prospectively included, 65 (66%) presented with relevant FMR. At baseline when compared to the DMR group, FMR was associated with worse left ventricular (LV) function (LV ejection fraction: 39 vs. 49%; p=0.001), higher NT-proBNP levels (7404 vs. 5214 pg/mL; p=0.023), worse renal function (serum creatinine: 1.7 vs. 1.3 mg/dL; p=0.019), and higher usage of spironolactone (68 vs. 42%; p=0.018) and sacubitril/valsartan (33 vs. 0%; p<0.001).
Following pMVR, cardiac output (CO) and systemic blood flow (Qs) increased significantly (CO: 4.6 to 5.5 L/min; p<0.001; Qs: 4.9 to 5.8 L/min; p=0.002), with more pronounced changes in the FMR subgroup (ΔCO: 1.0 vs. 0.6 L/min; Figure 1A; ΔQs: 1.2 vs. 0.1 L/min), when compared to DMR. Pulmonary blood flow (Qp) increased by 26% (4.3 to 5.4 L/min; p=0.008), accompanied by a raise in pulmonary artery (PA) oxygen (O2) saturation from 73 to 77% (p<0.001). Arterial O2 saturation levels remained unchanged (98.3 to 98.7%; p=0.165), confirming no significant changes in systemic oxygenation. These changes were associated with a slight decline in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR: 250 to 225 dynes*sec/cm5; p=0.369, Figure 1B), and a tendency towards improvement of pulmonary compliance (PAC: 3.6 to 4.0 mL/mmHg; p=0.414).
Conclusions
Invasively measured CO, Qs, Qp, and mixed-venous PA O2 saturation increased immediately after pMVR, alongside with potentially beneficial effects on pulmonary vasculature with marked improvements in PVR and PAC. These changes were more pronounced in the FMR subgroup. Further studies are required to assess long-term hemodynamic effects and underlying mechanisms of persistent iASDs on pulmonary vascular function.
Figure 1. Invasive hemodynamics
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Kernder A, Richter JG, Fischer-Betz R, Winkler-Rohlfing B, Brinks R, Schneider M, Chehab G. Quality of care predicts outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional analysis of a German long-term study (LuLa cohort). Lupus 2020; 29:136-143. [PMID: 31992161 PMCID: PMC6993135 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319896626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Our aim was to study the quality of medical care in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to understand gaps and to analyze the association with outcome of the disease. Methods Information on demographics and medical care was assessed by self-reported questionnaires among SLE patients (LuLa cohort, 2011, n = 580). In total, 21 aspects of medical care were analyzed. Univariate analysis selected 10 predictor variables for further analysis: (1) urine examination and (2) blood test in the previous year, (3) taking antimalarials, (4) taking vitamin D and calcium if the dosage of prednisolone was greater than 7.5 mg/day, counseling regarding (5) lipid metabolism, (6) vaccination, and (7) blood pressure, and treatment of the comorbidities (8) hypertension, (9) osteoporosis and (10) lipid metabolism disorder. The association of these 10 items with the outcome of the disease, assessed in 2015, was analyzed by linear regression analysis, adjusted for age, disease duration and sex. Results On average six of the 10 items were met (±1.7). Receiving more clinical care in 2013 was predictive for low disease activity (SLAQ, p = 0.024, β = –0.104, corr. R2 = 0.048), low progress in disease-related damage (Delta Brief Index of Lupus Questionnaire, p = 0.048, β = –0.132, corr. R2 = 0.036) and high health-related quality of life (SF-12 physical, p = 0.035, β = 0.100, corr. R2 = 0.091) in 2015. Conclusion Our study illustrates a link between the quality of care and the SLE outcome parameters disease activity, disease-related damage and quality of life. Consistent considerations of these care parameters, which are recommended in several management guidelines, could therefore be a good approach to improve the outcome of patients with SLE.
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Linnenkamp U, Greiner G, Fehm T, Adamczewski H, Bizjak G, Borgmeier F, Dortmann O, Ensenauer R, Gräfe V, Hollmann T, Ihle P, Jüngling U, Kaltheuner M, Kerres T, Kuß O, Lange U, Lappe V, Leve V, Meier-Stiegen F, Meyer F, Müller-Bößmann D, Neuenschwander M, Ruckhäberle E, Rupprecht C, Schellhammer S, Schmitz-Losem I, Schneider M, Schumacher L, Tamayo M, Viehmann A, Westerhoff B, Wilm S, Icks A. GestDina – Analysis of the current aftercare situation for gestational diabetes. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Jäger B, Ruckhäberle E, Mucke J, Schneider M, Fehm T. Fallbericht einer Patientin mit TNBC und Antiphospholipid-Syndrom: Atezolizumab-Therapie unter Abschirmung mit Rituximab. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Knitza J, Callhoff J, Chehab G, Hueber A, Kiltz U, Kleyer A, Krusche M, Simon D, Specker C, Schneider M, Voormann A, Welcker M, Richter JG. [Position paper of the commission on digital rheumatology of the German Society of Rheumatology: tasks, targets and perspectives for a modern rheumatology]. Z Rheumatol 2020; 79:562-569. [PMID: 32651681 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00834-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Digitalization in the healthcare system is a great challenge for rheumatology as for other medical disciplines. The German Society for Rheumatology (DGRh) wants to actively participate in this process and benefit from it. By founding the commission on digital rheumatology, the DGRh has created a committee that deals with the associated tasks, advises the DGRh on questions and positions associated with digital health. For the DGRh, this affects the most diverse areas of digitalization in medicine and rheumatology. This position paper presents the topics and developments currently handled by the commission and the tasks identified.
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Woestmann C, Jiang J, Palma J, Ju C, Heussel C, Kriegsmann M, Yaung S, Thomas M, Meister M, Schneider M, Herth F, Muley T, Wehnl B, Hinzmann B. 1800P Concordance between treatment-naive tissue and circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in late stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Weder D, von Korff Schmising C, Günther CM, Schneider M, Engel D, Hessing P, Strüber C, Weigand M, Vodungbo B, Jal E, Liu X, Merhe A, Pedersoli E, Capotondi F, Lüning J, Pfau B, Eisebitt S. Transient magnetic gratings on the nanometer scale. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2020; 7:054501. [PMID: 32923511 PMCID: PMC7481012 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Laser-driven non-local electron dynamics in ultrathin magnetic samples on a sub-10 nm length scale is a key process in ultrafast magnetism. However, the experimental access has been challenging due to the nanoscopic and femtosecond nature of such transport processes. Here, we present a scattering-based experiment relying on a laser-induced electro- and magneto-optical grating in a Co/Pd ferromagnetic multilayer as a new technique to investigate non-local magnetization dynamics on nanometer length and femtosecond timescales. We induce a spatially modulated excitation pattern using tailored Al near-field masks with varying periodicities on a nanometer length scale and measure the first four diffraction orders in an x-ray scattering experiment with magnetic circular dichroism contrast at the free-electron laser facility FERMI, Trieste. The design of the periodic excitation mask leads to a strongly enhanced and characteristic transient scattering response allowing for sub-wavelength in-plane sensitivity for magnetic structures. In conjunction with scattering simulations, the experiment allows us to infer that a potential ultrafast lateral expansion of the initially excited regions of the magnetic film mediated by hot-electron transport and spin transport remains confined to below three nanometers.
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Shah R, Klotz L, Feißt M, Schneider M, Kriegsmann M, Ried M, Wesseler C, Christoph D, de Wit M, Jürgens J, Kopp HG, Wehler T, Reck M, Sackmann S, Waller C, Reinmuth N, Bischoff H, Winter H, Eichhorn M, Thomas M. 1912TiP NICITA: Nivolumab with chemotherapy in pleural mesothelioma after surgery. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Ju C, Jiang J, Woestmann C, Hinzmann B, Yaung S, Thomas M, Heussel C, Kriegsmann M, Meister M, Schneider M, Herth F, Muley T, Wehnl B, Palma J. 1356P Disease monitoring and TKI resistance mutations of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients via circulating tumour DNA. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Glodowska M, Stopelli E, Schneider M, Lightfoot A, Rathi B, Straub D, Patzner M, Duyen VT, Berg M, Kleindienst S, Kappler A. Correction to Role of in Situ Natural Organic Matter in Mobilizing As during Microbial Reduction of Fe III-Mineral-Bearing Aquifer Sediments from Hanoi (Vietnam). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10380. [PMID: 32806919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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Schwarz S, Mensing N, Hörmann F, Schneider M, Baumgärtner W. Polyarthritis Caused by Acinetobacter kookii in a Rothschild's Giraffe Calf (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi). J Comp Pathol 2020; 178:56-60. [PMID: 32800110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the first isolation of Acinetobacter kookii from a Rothschild's giraffe calf (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi) that had severe polyarthritis. The isolate was resistant to more than one representative of each of four classes of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, lincosamides and tetracyclines). As A. kookii has not been previously associated with disease in humans or animals, it may be an emerging opportunistic pathogen posing a threat to immunocompromised patients. Furthermore, as transmission of Acinetobacter spp. with similar patterns of antimicrobial resistance has been previously reported in human and animal populations, special care should be taken when handling infected animals.
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Farina N, Ibnidris A, Alladi S, Comas-Herrera A, Albanese E, Docrat S, Ferri CP, Freeman E, Govia I, Jacobs R, Astudillo-Garcia CI, Musyimi C, Sani TP, Schneider M, Theresia I, Turana Y, Knapp M, Banerjee S. A systematic review and meta-analysis of dementia prevalence in seven developing countries: A STRiDE project. Glob Public Health 2020; 15:1878-1893. [PMID: 32658604 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1792527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The STRiDE project sets out to support the development of effective dementia policy in middle-income countries (Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico, and South Africa). As part of this it will generate new data about the prevalence of dementia for a subset of these countries. This study aims to identify the current estimates of dementia prevalence in these countries and where the gaps lie in the current literature. A systematic review was completed on 30th April 2019 across electronic databases, identifying dementia prevalence literature originating from any of the seven countries. Four hundred and twenty-nine records were identified following de-duplication; 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Pooled estimates of dementia prevalence ranged from 2% to 9% based on DSM-IV criteria; these figures were generally higher in studies using other diagnostic criteria (e.g. the 10/66 algorithm). Available prevalence data varied between countries. Only Brazil, Mexico and India had data derived from studies judged as having a low risk of bias. Irrespective of country, studies often were not explicit in detailing the representativeness of their sample, or whether there was non-response bias. Further transparent and externally valid dementia prevalence research is needed across the STRiDE countries.
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Kueffer M, Besic M, Ali H, Haghayegh Jahromi N, Schneider M, Burkhard F, Monastyrskaya K. Inflammatory gene expression signature in mouse models of obstructive and neurogenic bladder dysfunction. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Asare Y, Campbell-James TA, Bokov Y, Yu LL, Prestel M, El Bounkari O, Roth S, Megens RTA, Straub T, Thomas K, Yan G, Schneider M, Ziesch N, Tiedt S, Silvestre-Roig C, Braster Q, Huang Y, Schneider M, Malik R, Haffner C, Liesz A, Soehnlein O, Bernhagen J, Dichgans M. Histone Deacetylase 9 Activates IKK to Regulate Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability. Circ Res 2020; 127:811-823. [PMID: 32546048 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Arterial inflammation manifested as atherosclerosis is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Genome-wide association studies have identified a prominent role of HDAC (histone deacetylase)-9 in atherosclerosis and its clinical complications including stroke and myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE To determine the mechanisms linking HDAC9 to these vascular pathologies and explore its therapeutic potential for atheroprotection. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the effects of Hdac9 on features of plaque vulnerability using bone marrow reconstitution experiments and pharmacological targeting with a small molecule inhibitor in hyperlipidemic mice. We further used 2-photon and intravital microscopy to study endothelial activation and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. We show that hematopoietic Hdac9 deficiency reduces lesional macrophage content while increasing fibrous cap thickness thus conferring plaque stability. We demonstrate that HDAC9 binds to IKK (inhibitory kappa B kinase)-α and β, resulting in their deacetylation and subsequent activation, which drives inflammatory responses in both macrophages and endothelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC9 with the class IIa HDAC inhibitor TMP195 attenuates lesion formation by reducing endothelial activation and leukocyte recruitment along with limiting proinflammatory responses in macrophages. Transcriptional profiling using RNA sequencing revealed that TMP195 downregulates key inflammatory pathways consistent with inhibitory effects on IKKβ. TMP195 mitigates the progression of established lesions and inhibits the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Moreover, TMP195 diminishes features of plaque vulnerability and thereby enhances plaque stability in advanced lesions. Ex vivo treatment of monocytes from patients with established atherosclerosis reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL (interleukin)-1β and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify HDAC9 as a regulator of atherosclerotic plaque stability and IKK activation thus providing a mechanistic explanation for the prominence of HDAC9 as a vascular risk locus in genome-wide association studies. Its therapeutic inhibition may provide a potent lever to alleviate vascular inflammation. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
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Schaefer M, Schneider M, Graessler A, Ochs W, Zink A, Strangfeld A. OP0012 TNF INHIBITORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A REDUCED RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM COMPARED TO CSDMARDS IN RA PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:While the short-term use of bDMARDs up to 180 days has been associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to csDMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the long term use of more than 730 days has been associated with a decreased risk based on claims data [1]. Among patients with inflammatory bowel disease, observational data indicated that TNF inhibitors may have a protective effect regarding the VTE risk [2].Objectives:To assess the effects of TNF inhibitors and newer bDMARDs (including abatacept, rituximab, sarilumab, and tocilizumab) on the VTE risk based on observational data from RA patients.Methods:The German register RABBIT is a prospective longitudinally followed cohort of RA patients enrolled with a new start of a DMARD after at least one csDMARD failure. This analysis comprises patients who were enrolled with start of a bDMARD between 01/2009 and 04/2019 and had at least one follow-up.Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for VTEs, for csDMARDs, TNF inhibitors and other bDMARDs. Propensity score weighting was used to adjust for confounding by indication.Results:Patients receiving TNF inhibitors or other bDMARDs on average had higher CRP levels and a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases at baseline than patients receiving csDMARDs. They also received more often glucocorticoids (Table 1).The HR of patients receiving TNF inhibitors for a serious VTE event was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.33 – 0.86) compared to csDMARDs, while the HR for patients receiving other bDMARDs was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.40 – 1.09). A CRP level of more than 5 mg/L (HR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.39 – 3.14) and an age above 65 years (HR 2.96, 95% CI: 1.94 – 4.52) increased the risk for a serious VTE event. Better physical function was associated with a decreased risk for VTEs (Table 2).Table 1.Patient characteristics at baseline for DMARD groupsParameter (at time of event/end of observation unless specified otherwise)Hazard ratio95% confidence intervalTNF inhibitors (reference: csDMARDs)0.530.330.86Other bDMARDs (reference: csDMARDs)0.660.401.09Age ≥ 65 years (baseline)2.961.944.52CRP ≥ 5 ml2.091.393.14> 5 mg and ≤ 10 mg glucocorticoids/day1.040.551.98> 10 mg and ≤ 15 mg glucocorticoids/day2.350.816.79> 15 mg glucocorticoids/day2.030.765.41% of full physical capacity (per 10 percentage points increase, time of event)0.850.780.92Current smoking (baseline)0.980.611.55Former smoking (baseline)0.800.451.43Table 2.Hazard ratios for VTE eventsParametercsDMARDsTNFiOther bDMARDsN350050602534VTE event38 (1.1)55 (1.1)23 (0.9)Age [years]58.8 (12.6)56.5 (12.9)58.1 (12.4)Female sex2575 (73.6)3734 (73.8)1933 (76.3)Disease duration [years]6.2 (7.2)9.4 (8.6)11.9 (9.2)Seropositivity2189 (62.6)3739 (73.9)2048 (80.8)Joint erosions1024 (31.0)2566 (52.4)1523 (63.3)Prior bDMARD therapies0 (0.2)0.3 (0.6)1.2 (1.2)CRP8.8 (8.1)11.6 (10.6)12.4 (11.8)DAS28-ESR4.4 (1.3)4.9 (1.2)5.1 (1.3)% of full physical capacity71.3 (21.8)66.2 (22.6)62.1 (23.5)Current glucocorticoid therapy2564 (73.3)3951 (78.1)2036 (80.4)Heart failure36 (1)113 (2.2)93 (3.7)Coronary artery disease196 (5.6)326 (6.4)183 (7.2)Cerebrovascular disease60 (1.7)86 (1.7)44 (1.7)Osteoporosis400 (11.4)771 (15.2)530 (20.9)Ever smoker1875 (53.6)2738 (54.1)1402 (55.3)Results are presented as mean ± SD or number (percentage).Conclusion:Treatment with TNF inhibitors (compared to csDMARDs) and better physical function significantly reduced the risk of serious VTE events, while age above 65 years and high CRP levels increased this risk.References:[1]Kim S. C. et al. Am. J. Med. 2015; 128(5): 539.e7–539.e17.[2]Desaj R.J. et al. CMAJ 2017; 189:E1438-47.Acknowledgments:RABBIT is supported by a joint, unconditional grant from AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Fresenius-Kabi, Hexal, Lilly, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sanofi-Aventis, and UCB.Disclosure of Interests:Martin Schaefer: None declared, Matthias Schneider Grant/research support from: GSK, UCB, Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Alexion, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Chugai, GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Sanofi, Anett Graessler: None declared, Wolfgang Ochs: None declared, Angela Zink Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Gilead, Hexal, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, UCB, Anja Strangfeld Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis
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