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Van Hulle CA, Clark LR, Bendlin BB, Gleason CE, Johnson SC, Hunt JF, Norton DL, Okonkwo OC, Blazel H, Asthana S, Carlsson C. P4-247: ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND SUBJECTIVE MEMORY COMPLAINTS IN HEALTHY MIDDLE AGED ADULTS. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gaitán JM, Lose SR, Dougherty RJ, Oh JM, Gallagher CL, Carlsson CM, Rowley HA, Ma Y, Asthana S, Sager MA, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Bendlin BB, Cook DB, Okonkwo OC. Fitness Trumps Fatness: An Examination of Cognition and Cerebral Volume. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562840.30523.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dougherty RJ, Boots EA, Okonkwo OC, Cook DB. Do Physical Activity Behaviors Predict Fitness Gains To An Aerobic Exercise Trial? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563353.31148.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Erickson CM, Schultz SA, Oh JM, Darst BF, Ma Y, Norton D, Betthauser T, Gallagher CL, Carlsson CM, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, Hermann BP, Sager MA, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Engelman CD, Christian BT, Johnson SC, Dubal DB, Okonkwo OC. KLOTHO heterozygosity attenuates APOE4-related amyloid burden in preclinical AD. Neurology 2019; 92:e1878-e1889. [PMID: 30867273 PMCID: PMC6550504 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the KLOTHO gene variant KL-VS attenuates APOE4-associated β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in a late-middle-aged cohort enriched with Alzheimer disease (AD) risk factors. METHODS Three hundred nine late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were genotyped to determine KL-VS and APOE4 status and underwent CSF sampling (n = 238) and/or 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET imaging (n = 183). Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were used to investigate whether APOE4 exerted expected effects on Aβ burden. Follow-up regression analyses stratified by KL-VS genotype (i.e., noncarrier vs heterozygous; there were no homozygous individuals) evaluated whether the influence of APOE4 on Aβ was different among KL-VS heterozygotes compared to noncarriers. RESULTS APOE4 carriers exhibited greater Aβ burden than APOE4-negative participants. This effect was stronger in CSF (t = -5.12, p < 0.001) compared with PiB-PET (t = 3.93, p < 0.001). In the stratified analyses, this APOE4 effect on Aβ load was recapitulated among KL-VS noncarriers (CSF: t = -5.09, p < 0.001; PiB-PET: t = 3.77, p < 0 .001). In contrast, among KL-VS heterozygotes, APOE4-positive individuals did not exhibit higher Aβ burden than APOE4-negative individuals (CSF: t = -1.03, p = 0.308; PiB-PET: t = 0.92, p = 0.363). These differential APOE4 effects remained after KL-VS heterozygotes and noncarriers were matched on age and sex. CONCLUSION In a cohort of at-risk late-middle-aged adults, KL-VS heterozygosity was associated with an abatement of APOE4-associated Aβ aggregation, suggesting KL-VS heterozygosity confers protections against APOE4-linked pathways to disease onset in AD.
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Zuelsdorff ML, Koscik RL, Okonkwo OC, Peppard PE, Hermann BP, Sager MA, Johnson SC, Engelman CD. Social support and verbal interaction are differentially associated with cognitive function in midlife and older age. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 26:144-160. [PMID: 29241403 PMCID: PMC6003840 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2017.1414769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Social engagement is associated with healthy aging and preserved cognition. Two dimensions of engagement, verbal interactions and perceived support, likely impact cognition via distinct mechanistic pathways. We explored the cognitive benefit of each construct among enrollees (N = 1,052, mean age = 60.2 years) in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention study, who provide neuropsychological and sociobehavioral data at two-year intervals. Outcomes included six cognitive factor scores representing key domains of executive function and memory. Key predictors included self-reported perceived social support and weekly verbal interaction. Results indicated that after adjusting for lifestyle covariates, social support was positively associated with Speed and Flexibility and that verbal interactions were associated with Verbal Learning and Memory. These findings suggest that support, which may buffer stress, and verbal interaction, an accessible, aging-friendly form of environmental enrichment, are uniquely beneficial. Both are integral in the design of clinical and community interventions and programs that promote successful aging.
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Dougherty RJ, Lindheimer JB, Stegner AJ, Van Riper S, Okonkwo OC, Cook DB. An Objective Method to Accurately Measure Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults Who Cannot Satisfy Widely Used Oxygen Consumption Criteria. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:601-611. [PMID: 29226867 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is routinely investigated in older adults; however, the most appropriate CRF measure to use for this population has received inadequate attention. This study aimed to 1) evaluate the reliability and validity of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) as a sub-maximal measurement of CRF; 2) examine demographic, risk-factor, and exercise testing differences in older adults who satisfied standardized criteria for a peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) test compared to those who did not; and 3) determine the difference between directly measured V̇O2peak values and OUES-predicted V̇O2peak values. One hundred ten enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this study. Participants performed a graded maximal exercise test and wore an accelerometer for 7 days. For each participant, the OUES was calculated at 75%, 90%, and 100% of exercise duration. V̇O2peak was recorded at peak effort, and one week of physical activity behavior was measured. OUES values calculated at separate relative exercise durations displayed excellent reliability (ICC = 0.995; p < 0.001), and were strongly correlated with V̇O2peak (rrange = 0.801-0.909; p < 0.001). As hypothesized, participants who did not satisfy V̇O2peak criteria were significantly older than those who satisfied criteria (p = 0.049) and attained a directly measured V̇O2peak that was 2.31 mL·kg·min-1 less than the value that was predicted by OUES V̇O2peak (p = 0.003). Older adults are less likely to satisfy V̇O2peak criteria, which results in an underestimation of their CRF. Without adhering to standardized criteria, V̇O2peak measurement error may lead to misinterpretation of CRF and age-related associations. Here, we conclude that OUES is a reliable, valid measurement of CRF which does not require achievement of standardized criteria.
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Law LL, Sprecher KE, Dougherty RJ, Edwards DF, Koscik RL, Gallagher CL, Carlsson CM, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Asthana S, Sager MA, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Cook DB, Bendlin BB, Okonkwo OC. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Modifies Influence of Sleep Problems on Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in an At-Risk Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 69:111-121. [PMID: 30958346 PMCID: PMC6675618 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies indicate that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and sleep are each favorably associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology, including reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology. However, few studies have examined CRF and sleep in the same analysis. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between sleep and core AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers among at-risk healthy late-middle-aged adults and determine whether CRF modifies this association. METHODS Seventy-four adults (age = 64.38±5.48, 68.9% female) from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated. Sleep was evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, specifically the Sleep Problems Index I (SPI), which incorporates domains of sleep disturbance, somnolence, sleep adequacy, and shortness of breath. Higher scores indicate greater sleep problems. To assess CRF, participants underwent a graded exercise test. CSF was collected via lumbar puncture, from which Aβ42, total-tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) were immunoassayed. Regression analyses examined the association between SPI and CSF biomarkers, and the interaction between SPI and CRF on these same biomarkers, adjusting for relevant covariates. RESULTS Higher SPI scores were associated with greater p-tau (p = 0.027) and higher t-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.021) and p-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.009) ratios. Analyses revealed significant SPI*CRF interactions for t-tau (p = 0.016), p-tau (p = 0.008), and p-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.041); with a trend for t-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.061). Specifically, the relationship between poorer sleep and these biomarkers was significant among less fit individuals, but not among those who were more fit. CONCLUSION In a late-middle-aged at-risk cohort, CRF attenuated the association between poor sleep and levels of select CSF biomarkers. This suggests fitness may play an important role in preventing AD by protecting against pathology, even in impaired sleep.
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Vesperman CJ, Pozorski V, Dougherty RJ, Law LL, Boots E, Oh JM, Gallagher CL, Carlsson CM, Rowley HA, Ma Y, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, Sager MA, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Cook DB, Okonkwo OC. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates age-associated aggregation of white matter hyperintensities in an at-risk cohort. Alzheimers Res Ther 2018; 10:97. [PMID: 30249285 PMCID: PMC6154903 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age is the cardinal risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), which are more prevalent with increasing age, may contribute to AD. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be associated with cognitive health and decreased burden of AD-related brain alterations in older adults. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine whether CRF attenuates age-related accumulation of WMH in middle-aged adults at risk for AD. METHODS One hundred and seven cognitively unimpaired, late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention underwent 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and performed graded maximal treadmill exercise testing from which we calculated the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) as our measure of CRF. Total WMH were quantified using the Lesion Segmentation Tool and scaled to intracranial volume. Linear regression adjusted for APOE4 carriage, family history, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and sex was used to examine relationships between age, WMH, and CRF. RESULTS As expected, there was a significant association between age and WMH (p < .001). Importantly, there was a significant interaction between age and OUES on WMH (p = .015). Simple main effects analyses revealed that the effect of age on WMH remained significant in the Low OUES group (p < .001) but not in the High OUES group (p = .540), indicating that higher CRF attenuates the deleterious age association with WMH. CONCLUSIONS Higher CRF tempers the adverse effect of age on WMH. This suggests a potential pathway through which increased aerobic fitness facilitates healthy brain aging, especially among individuals at risk for AD.
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Okonkwo OC, Vemuri P. Stemming the Alzheimer tsunami: introduction to the special issue on reserve and resilience in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:301-303. [PMID: 28116651 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Roeske S, Zulka L, Buerger K, Ewers M, Christoph L, Peters O, Priller J, Nestor P, Schneider A, Spottke A, Ramirez A, Heneka M, Wiltfang J, Teipel SJ, Riedel-Heller SG, Scherer M, Okonkwo OC, Düzel E, Jessen F, Wagner M. P1‐028: OCCUPATIONAL COGNITIVE REQUIREMENTS ARE AN IMPORTANT PROXY MEASURE OF COGNITIVE RESERVE: EVIDENCE FROM THE AGECODE AND DELCODE STUDIES. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mueller KD, Koscik RL, Jonaitis E, Clark LR, Fields TN, Berman SE, Zuelsdorff M, Okonkwo OC, Bendlin BB, Hermann BP, Morris MC, Johnson SC. P2‐482: SELF‐REPORTED HEALTH BEHAVIORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LONGITUDINAL COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE: RESULTS FROM THE WISCONSIN REGISTRY FOR ALZHEIMER'S PREVENTION (WRAP). Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dougherty RJ, Moon HY, Boots EA, Becke A, Düzel E, Wagner M, Cook DB, Praag H, Okonkwo OC. P2‐637: THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TRAINING ON SERUM BDNF IN PRECLINICAL ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zuelsdorff M, Okonkwo OC, Shouel HL, Benton SF, Wyman MF, Nystrom NC, Johnson SC, Gleason CE. P4‐376: PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS OF HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME AND COGNITION AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN AND WHITE OLDER ADULTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cook CJ, Hwang G, Nair VA, Alexander AL, Antuono PG, Asthana S, Birn R, Carlsson CM, Chen G, Edwards DF, Franczak M, Goveas JS, Johnson SC, Kecskemeti S, Kulkarni AP, Meyerand EM, Mohanty R, Nencka AS, Okonkwo OC, Pasquesi ME, Rivera-Bonet CN, Taylor IK, Tellapragada N, McDonald Williams L, Li SJ, Bendlin BB, Prabhakaran V. IC‐P‐031: EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY WITHIN THE DEFAULT MODE NETWORK IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Van Hulle CA, Lazar KK, Ma Y, Johnson SC, Clark LR, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Bendlin BB, Okonkwo OC, Gleason CE, Chappell RJ, Jacobson LH, Blazel H, Cole A, Asthana S, Carlsson CM. P1‐248: LATENT PROFILES DERIVED FROM ATN RELATED CSF BIOMARKERS. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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91
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Zuelsdorff M, Gleason CE, Kind AJ, Koscik RL, Wyman MF, Benton SF, Johnson SC, Okonkwo OC. P3‐580: INFORMAL CAREGIVING AND COGNITIVE HEALTH: SOCIOCULTURAL DIFFERENCES AMONG MIDDLE‐AGED AND OLDER ADULTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kozuch MP, Vogt NM, Taylor CE, Gretebeck KA, Gretebeck RJ, Chin NA, Okonkwo OC, Bendlin BB. P4‐342: VISCERAL ADIPOSITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN MIDLIFE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cole A, Van Hulle CA, Chin NA, Blazel H, Clark LR, Lazar KK, Johnson SC, Bendlin BB, Okonkwo OC, Gleason CE, Edwards DF, Wahoske ML, Blazel M, Asthana S, Carlsson CM. P3‐271: LUMBAR PUNCTURE SIDE EFFECT RATES IN A RESEARCH SETTING. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ennis GE, Koscik RL, Davenport NJ, Taylor CE, Oh JM, Christian BT, Chin NA, Asthana S, Johnson SC, Okonkwo OC, Bendlin BB. P4‐375: CEREBRAL GLUCOSE UPTAKE DIFFERS BY LEVEL OF HOMA‐IR AND INSULIN SECRETION IN NONDIABETIC ADULTS. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lee Yang K, Ithapu VK, Oh JM, Ennis GE, Carlsson CM, Gallagher CL, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, Sager MA, Hermann BP, Johnson SC, Singh V, Okonkwo OC. IC‐P‐186: AN MRI‐DERIVED DISEASE MARKER IS ASSOCIATED WITH CONVERSION TO MCI IN MIDDLE‐AGED ADULTS AT RISK FOR AD. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hao L, Wang J, Page D, Asthana S, Zetterberg H, Carlsson C, Okonkwo OC, Li L. Comparative Evaluation of MS-based Metabolomics Software and Its Application to Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9291. [PMID: 29915347 PMCID: PMC6006240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has undergone significant progresses in the past decade, with a variety of software packages being developed for data analysis. However, systematic comparison of different metabolomics software tools has rarely been conducted. In this study, several representative software packages were comparatively evaluated throughout the entire pipeline of metabolomics data analysis, including data processing, statistical analysis, feature selection, metabolite identification, pathway analysis, and classification model construction. LC-MS-based metabolomics was applied to preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a small cohort of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (N = 30). All three software packages, XCMS Online, SIEVE, and Compound Discoverer, provided consistent and reproducible data processing results. A hybrid method combining statistical test and support vector machine feature selection was employed to screen key metabolites, achieving a complementary selection of candidate biomarkers from three software packages. Machine learning classification using candidate biomarkers generated highly accurate and predictive models to classify patients into preclinical AD or control category. Overall, our study demonstrated a systematic evaluation of different MS-based metabolomics software packages for the entire data analysis pipeline which was applied to the candidate biomarker discovery of preclinical AD.
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Dougherty RJ, Schultz SA, Kirby TK, Boots EA, Oh JM, Edwards D, Gallagher CL, Carlsson CM, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, Sager MA, Hermann BP, Christian BT, Johnson SC, Cook DB, Okonkwo OC. Moderate Physical Activity is Associated with Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 58:1089-1097. [PMID: 28527205 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and glucose metabolism in asymptomatic late-middle-aged adults. Ninety-three cognitively healthy late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this cross-sectional study. They underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging and wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) to measure free-living PA. Accelerometer data yielded measures of light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA) intensity PA. FDG-PET images were scaled to the cerebellum and pons, and cerebral glucose metabolic rate was extracted from specific regions of interest (ROIs) known to be hypometabolic in AD, i.e., hippocampus, posterior cingulate, inferior temporal cortex, and angular gyrus. Regression analyses were utilized to examine the association between PA and glucose metabolism, while adjusting for potential confounds. There were associations between MPA and glucose metabolism in all ROIs examined. In contrast, LPA was not associated with glucose uptake in any ROI and VPA was only associated with hippocampal FDG uptake. Secondary analyses did not reveal associations between sedentary time and glucose metabolism in any of the ROIs. Exploratory voxel-wise analysis identified additional regions where MPA was significantly associated with glucose metabolism including the precuneus, supramarginal gyrus, amygdala, and middle frontal gyrus. These findings suggest that the intensity of PA is an important contributor to neuronal function in a late-middle-aged cohort, with MPA being the most salient. Prospective studies are necessary for fully elucidating the link between midlife engagement in PA and later life development of AD.
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Dougherty RJ, Lindheimer JB, Stegner AJ, Van Riper S, Ninneman JV, Okonkwo OC, Cook DB. Fitness And Age-related Associations. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000535952.77626.8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Johnson SC, Koscik RL, Jonaitis EM, Clark LR, Mueller KD, Berman SE, Bendlin BB, Engelman CD, Okonkwo OC, Hogan KJ, Asthana S, Carlsson CM, Hermann BP, Sager MA. The Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention: A review of findings and current directions. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 10:130-142. [PMID: 29322089 PMCID: PMC5755749 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention is a longitudinal observational cohort study enriched with persons with a parental history (PH) of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Since late 2001, Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention has enrolled 1561 people at a mean baseline age of 54 years. Participants return for a second visit 4 years after baseline, and subsequent visits occur every 2 years. Eighty-one percent (1270) of participants remain active in the study at a current mean age of 64 and 9 years of follow-up. Serially assessed cognition, self-reported medical and lifestyle histories (e.g., diet, physical and cognitive activity, sleep, and mood), laboratory tests, genetics, and linked studies comprising molecular imaging, structural imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid data have yielded many important findings. In this cohort, PH of probable AD is associated with 46% apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 positivity, more than twice the rate of 22% among persons without PH. Subclinical or worse cognitive decline relative to internal normative data has been observed in 17.6% of the cohort. Twenty-eight percent exhibit amyloid and/or tau positivity. Biomarker elevations, but not APOE or PH status, are associated with cognitive decline. Salutary health and lifestyle factors are associated with better cognition and brain structure and lower AD pathophysiologic burden. Of paramount importance is establishing the amyloid and tau AD endophenotypes to which cognitive outcomes can be linked. Such data will provide new knowledge on the early temporal course of AD pathophysiology and inform the design of secondary prevention clinical trials.
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Sprecher KE, Koscik RL, Carlsson CM, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Okonkwo OC, Sager MA, Asthana S, Johnson SC, Benca RM, Bendlin BB. Poor sleep is associated with CSF biomarkers of amyloid pathology in cognitively normal adults. Neurology 2017; 89:445-453. [PMID: 28679595 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between sleep quality and CSF markers of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in late midlife. METHODS We investigated the relationship between sleep quality and CSF AD biomarkers in a cohort enriched for parental history of sporadic AD, the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. A total of 101 participants (mean age 62.9 ± 6.2 years, 65.3% female) completed sleep assessments and CSF collection and were cognitively normal. Sleep quality was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale. CSF was assayed for biomarkers of amyloid metabolism and plaques (β-amyloid 42 [Aβ42]), tau pathology (phosphorylated tau [p-tau] 181), neuronal/axonal degeneration (total tau [t-tau], neurofilament light [NFL]), neuroinflammation/astroglial activation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], chitinase-3-like protein 1 [YKL-40]), and synaptic dysfunction/degeneration (neurogranin). To adjust for individual differences in total amyloid production, Aβ42 was expressed relative to Aβ40. To assess cumulative pathology, CSF biomarkers were expressed in ratio to Aβ42. Relationships among sleep scores and CSF biomarkers were assessed with multiple regression, controlling for age, sex, time between sleep and CSF measurements, and CSF assay batch. RESULTS Worse subjective sleep quality, more sleep problems, and daytime somnolence were associated with greater AD pathology, indicated by lower CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and higher t-tau/Aβ42, p-tau/Aβ42, MCP-1/Aβ42, and YKL-40/Aβ42. There were no significant associations between sleep and NFL or neurogranin. CONCLUSIONS Self-report of poor sleep was associated with greater AD-related pathology in cognitively healthy adults at risk for AD. Effective strategies exist for improving sleep; therefore sleep health may be a tractable target for early intervention to attenuate AD pathogenesis.
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