76
|
Amin A, Perreiah P, Providence S, McCartney L, Camhi S, Rao R. 579. Crit Care Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000474407.47480.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
77
|
Thomas P, Saxena SC, Chandra R, Rao R, Bhatia CR. X-ray imaging for detecting spongy tissue, an internal disorder in fruits of ‘Alphonso’ mango (Mangifera indicaL.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00221589.1993.11516416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
78
|
Shetty S, Rao R, Jindal A, Pai S. Orange web space in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:e179. [PMID: 26552053 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
79
|
Tudisco R, Chiofalo B, Addi L, Lo Presti V, Rao R, Calabro’ S, Musco N, Grossi M, Cutrignelli M, Mastellone V, Lombardi P, Infascelli F. Effect of hydrogenated palm oil dietary supplementation on milk yield and composition, fatty acids profile and Stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in goat milk. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
80
|
Dimitriadis GK, Gopalakrishnan K, Rao R, Grammatopoulos DK, Randeva HS, Weickert MO, Murthy N. Severe paraneoplastic hypoglycemia secondary to a gastrointestinal stromal tumour masquerading as a stroke. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2015; 2015:150062. [PMID: 26535131 PMCID: PMC4629400 DOI: 10.1530/edm-15-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report the case of a 70-year-old previously healthy female who presented acutely to the Accident and Emergency department with left-sided vasomotor symptoms including reduced muscle tone, weakness upon walking and slurred speech. Physical examination confirmed hemiparesis with VIIth nerve palsy and profound hepatomegaly. A random glucose was low at 1.7 mmol/l, which upon correction resolved her symptoms. In hindsight, the patient recalled having had similar episodes periodically over the past 3 months to which she did not give much attention. While hospitalized, she continued having episodes of symptomatic hypoglycaemia during most nights, requiring treatment with i.v. dextrose and/or glucagon. Blood tests including insulin and C-peptide were invariably suppressed, in correlation with low glucose. A Synacthen stimulation test was normal (Cort (0') 390 nmol/l, Cort (30') 773 nmol/l). A computed tomography scan showed multiple lobulated masses in the abdomen, liver and pelvis. An ultrasound guided biopsy of one of the pelvic masses was performed. Immunohistochemistry supported the diagnosis of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) positive for CD34 and CD117. A diagnosis of a non islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia (NICTH) secondary to an IGF2 secreting GIST was confirmed with further biochemical investigations (IGF2=96.5 nmol/l; IGF2:IGF1 ratio 18.9, ULN <10). Treatment with growth hormone resolved the patient's hypoglycaemic symptoms and subsequent targeted therapy with Imatinib was successful in controlling disease progression over an 8-year observation period. LEARNING POINTS NICTH can be a rare complication of GISTs that may manifest with severe hypoglycaemia and neuroglucopenic symptoms.NICTH can masquerade as other pathologies thus causing diagnostic confusion.Histological confirmation of GIST induced NICTH and exclusion of other conditions causing hypoglycaemia is essential.Mutational analysis of GISTs should be carried out in all cases as it guides treatment decision.Tailored management of hypoglycaemia, in this case using growth hormone and targeted cyto-reductive therapy, minimizes the risk of possible life-threatening complications.
Collapse
|
81
|
Sasikala R, Gaikwad A, Jayakumar O, Girija K, Rao R, Tyagi A, Bharadwaj S. Nanohybrid MoS2-PANI-CdS photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution from water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
82
|
Kaur R, Aiken C, Morrison LC, Rao R, Del Bigio M, Rampalli S, Werbowetski-Ogilvie T. PM-01 * NEURAL DERIVATIVES FROM HUMAN EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS: A CELLULAR SYSTEM TO STUDY THE ROLE OF Otx2 IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA PROGRESSION. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov061.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
83
|
Mehta P, Davy K, Williamson R, Rao R, Tak PP. THU0124 Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials of Biologics in DMARD-Naïve and DMARD-Inadequate Responder Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Efficacy and Safety. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
84
|
Mondy L, Mrozek R, Rao R, Lenhart J, Bieg L, Spangler S, Stavig M, Schroeder J, Winter M, Diantonio C, Collins R. Multilayer Coextrusion of Polymer Composites to Develop Organic Capacitors. INT POLYM PROC 2015. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Multilayer coextrusion is applied to produce a tape containing layers of alternating electrical properties to demonstrate the potential for using coextrusion to manufacture capacitors. To obtain the desired properties, we develop two filled polymer systems, one for conductive layers and one for dielectric layers. We describe numerical models used to help determine the material and processing parameters that impact processing and layer stability. These models help quantify the critical ratios of densities and viscosities of the two layers to maintain stable layers, as well as the effect of increasing the flow rate of one of the two materials. The conducting polymer is based on polystyrene filled with a blend of low-melting-point eutectic metal and nickel particulate filler, as described by Mrozek et al. (2010). The appropriate concentrations of fillers are determined by balancing measured conductivity with processability in a twin screw extruder. Based on results of the numerical models and estimates of the viscosity of emulsions and suspensions, a dielectric layer composed of polystyrene filled with barium titanate is formulated. Despite the fact that the density of the dielectric filler is less than the metallic filler of the conductive phase, as well as rheological measurements that later showed that the dielectric formulation is not an ideal match to the viscosity of the conductive material, the two materials can be successfully coextruded if the flow rates of the two materials are not identical. A measurable capacitance of the layered structure is obtained.
Collapse
|
85
|
Massaro AN, Murthy K, Zaniletti I, Cook N, DiGeronimo R, Dizon M, Hamrick SEG, McKay VJ, Natarajan G, Rao R, Smith D, Telesco R, Wadhawan R, Asselin JM, Durand DJ, Evans JR, Dykes F, Reber KM, Padula MA, Pallotto EK, Short BL, Mathur AM. Short-term outcomes after perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: a report from the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium HIE focus group. J Perinatol 2015; 35:290-6. [PMID: 25393081 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize infants affected with perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who were referred to regional neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and their related short-term outcomes. STUDY DESIGN This is a descriptive study evaluating the data collected prospectively in the Children's Hospital Neonatal Database, comprised of 27 regional NICUs within their associated children's hospitals. A consecutive sample of 945 referred infants born ⩾36 weeks' gestation with perinatal HIE in the first 3 days of life over approximately 3 years (2010-July 2013) were included. Maternal and infant characteristics are described. Short-term outcomes were evaluated including medical comorbidities, mortality and status of survivors at discharge. RESULT High relative frequencies of maternal predisposing conditions, cesarean and operative vaginal deliveries were observed. Low Apgar scores, profound metabolic acidosis, extensive resuscitation in the delivery room, clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures, abnormal EEG background and brain imaging directly correlated with the severity of HIE. Therapeutic hypothermia was provided to 85% of infants, 15% of whom were classified as having mild HIE. Electrographic seizures were observed in 26% of the infants. Rates of complications and morbidities were similar to those reported in prior clinical trials and overall mortality was 15%. CONCLUSION Within this large contemporary cohort of newborns with perinatal HIE, the application of therapeutic hypothermia and associated neurodiagnostic studies appear to have expanded relative to reported clinical trials. Although seizure incidence and mortality were lower compared with those reported in the trials, it is unclear whether this represented improved outcomes or therapeutic drift with the treatment of milder disease.
Collapse
|
86
|
Manda B, Gangwar R, Mir H, Rao R. Identification of an Occludin Regulatory Motif that Confers Dynamics to Epithelial Tight Junctions (TJs) and Adherens Junctions (AJs). FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.1003.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
87
|
Shukla P, Chaudhry K, Mir H, Gangwar R, Yadav N, Manda B, Rao R. Chronic Ethanol Feeding Promotes Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)‐Induced Colonic Tumorigenesis by Enhancing Mucosal Inflammation. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.999.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
88
|
Saluja T, Sharma SD, Gupta M, Kundu R, Kar S, Dutta A, Silveira M, Singh JV, Kamath VG, Chaudhary A, Rao JV, Ravi MD, Murthy SRK, Babji S, Prasad R, Gujjula R, Rao R, Dhingra MS. A multicenter prospective hospital-based surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children less than five years of age in India. Vaccine 2015; 32 Suppl 1:A13-9. [PMID: 25091667 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhea in children aged <5 years globally, with an estimated 25 million outpatient visits and 2 million hospitalizations attributable to rotavirus infections each year. The aim of this hospital-based surveillance was to summarize the local epidemiological and virological features of rotavirus and to estimate the disease burden in the population under surveillance in India. METHODS During the 16 months surveillance period from April 2011 through July 2012, a total of 4711 children under the age of 5 years were admitted with acute diarrhea at 12 medical centers attached to medical schools throughout India. Stool samples were randomly collected from 2051 (43.5%) subjects and were analyzed for rotavirus positivity using commercial enzyme immunoassay kit (Premier Rotaclone Qualitative Elisa) at the respective study centers. Rotavirus positive samples were genotyped for VP7 and VP4 by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at a central laboratory. RESULTS During the study period, maximum number of rotavirus related hospitalizations were reported from December 2011 through February 2012. Out of the 2051 stool samples tested for rotavirus, overall 541 (26.4%) samples were positive for rotavirus VP6 antigen in stool. The highest positivity was observed in the month of December, 2011 (52.5%) and lowest in the month of May, 2011 (10.3%). We found that majority of the rotavirus positive cases (69.7%) were in children <24 months of age. The most common genotypes reported were G1 (38%), G2 (18%), G9 (18%), G12 (9%) and mixed strains (17%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirm the significant burden of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis as a cause of hospitalizations in under five children in India.
Collapse
|
89
|
Rao R, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Δ(9) Tetrahydrocannabinol attenuates Staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced inflammatory lung injury and prevents mortality in mice by modulation of miR-17-92 cluster and induction of T-regulatory cells. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:1792-806. [PMID: 25425209 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent activator of Vβ8+T-cells resulting in the clonal expansion of ∼30% of the T-cell pool. Consequently, this leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines, toxic shock, and eventually death. In the current study, we investigated if Δ(9) tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a cannabinoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties, could prevent SEB-induced mortality and alleviate symptoms of toxic shock. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated the efficacy of THC against the dual administration (intranasal and i.p.) of SEB into C3H/HeJ mice based on the measurement of SEB-mediated clinical parameters, including cytokine production, cellular infiltration, vascular leak, and airway resistance. In addition, the molecular mechanism of action was elucidated in vitro by the activation of splenocytes with SEB. KEY RESULTS Exposure to SEB resulted in acute mortality, while THC treatment led to 100% survival of mice. SEB induced the miRNA-17-92 cluster, specifically miRNA-18a, which targeted Pten (phosphatase and tensin homologue), an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, thereby suppressing T-regulatory cells. In contrast, THC treatment inhibited the individual miRNAs in the cluster, reversing the effects of SEB. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We report, for the first time a role for the miRNA 17-92 cluster in SEB-mediated inflammation. Furthermore, our results suggest that THC is a potent anti-inflammatory compound that may serve as a novel therapeutic to suppress SEB-induced pulmonary inflammation by modulating critical miRNA involved in SEB-induced toxicity and death.
Collapse
|
90
|
Sasikala R, Gaikwad AP, Sudarsan V, Rao R, Jagannath J, Viswanadh B, Bharadwaj SR. The dual role of palladium in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of CdS dispersed on NaY-zeolite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:6896-904. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp06105e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A stable photocatalyst, CdS dispersed on zeolite with Pd as both dopant and co-catalyst, exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity.
Collapse
|
91
|
Gnanaraj P, Dayalan H, Elango T, Malligarjunan H, Raghavan V, Rao R. Downregulation of involucrin in psoriatic lesions following therapy with propylthiouracil, an anti-thyroid thioureylene: immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:302-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
92
|
Movahed A, Rabbani B, Zhu X, Lau T, Rao R, Gorty S. SU-E-T-559: Dosimetric and Volumetric Modulation Using Helical TomoTherapy Planning for Malignant Pleural MesotheliomaTumors. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
93
|
Liberini P, Pari E, Gazzina S, Caratozzolo S, Rao R, Padovani A. Technique of injection of onabotulinumtoxin A for chronic migraine: the PREEMPT injection paradigm. Neurol Sci 2014; 35 Suppl 1:41-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
94
|
Tejasvi BR, Pai K, Rao R. Painful nodule on the leg. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:542-3. [PMID: 24758281 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
95
|
Ramesh VG, Karthikeyan KV, Rajaraman S, Rao R. Pituitary ependymoma: Report of a rare case with an insight into the histogenesis. Neurol India 2014; 61:545-6. [PMID: 24262471 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.121948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
96
|
Sayed FN, Sasikala R, Jayakumar OD, Rao R, Betty CA, Chokkalingam A, Kadam RM, Jagannath J, Bharadwaj SR, Vinu A, Tyagi AK. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water using a hybrid of graphene nanoplatelets and self doped TiO2–Pd. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelets and Ti3+ enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 due to extended visible light absorption and improved charge separation.
Collapse
|
97
|
Pathmanathan N, Smith N, Allgar V, Rao R, Glazebrook J, Gray-Nicholson L, Gratrix A. Five-year single-centre review of ARDS patients receiving high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069474 DOI: 10.1186/cc13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
|
98
|
Smith N, Pathmanthan N, Martinson V, Glazebrook J, Rao R, Sleight L, Gratix A. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation use in patients with H1N1: a single-centre review. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069826 DOI: 10.1186/cc13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
99
|
Sivakumar KK, Rajasekharan A, Rao R, Narasimhan B. Synthesis, SAR Study and Evaluation of Mannich and Schiff Bases of Pyrazol-5(4H)-one Moiety Containing 3-(Hydrazinyl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 75:463-75. [PMID: 24302802 PMCID: PMC3831729 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.119832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, a series of 12 Mannich bases (QP1-12) and 5 Schiff bases (QSP1-5) of pyrazol-5(4H)-one moiety containing 3-(hydrazinyl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one has been synthesized and characterized by physicochemical as well as spectral means. The synthesized Mannich and Schiff bases were screened for their preliminary antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial as well as fungal strains by the determination of zone of inhibition. Mannich bases (QP1-12) were found to be more potent antibacterial agents against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas Schiff bases (QSP1-5) were more potent against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Minimum inhibitory concentration result demonstrated that Mannich base compound (QP7) having ortho -OH and para -COOH group showed some improvement in antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 48.88×10−3 μM/ml) among the tested Gram-positive organisms and it also exhibit minimum inhibitory concentration of value of 12.22×10−3 μM/ml for Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antitubercular activity of synthesized compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) was determined using microplate alamar blue assay. Compound QP11 showed appreciable antitubercular activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.49×10−3 μM/ml) which was more active than the standard drugs, ethambutol (minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.60×10−3 μM/ml) and ciprofloxacin (9.4×10−3 μM/ml). Compounds QP11, QP9, QSP1, QSP2, and QSP5 have good selective index and may be selected as a lead compound for the development of novel antitubercular agents.
Collapse
|
100
|
Rao R, Xu D, Thelen JJ, Miernyk JA. Circles within circles: crosstalk between protein Ser/Thr/Tyr-phosphorylation and Met oxidation. BMC Bioinformatics 2013; 14 Suppl 14:S14. [PMID: 24267725 PMCID: PMC3851202 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-14-s14-s14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reversible posttranslational protein modifications such as phosphorylation of Ser/Thr/Tyr and Met oxidation are critical for both metabolic regulation and cellular signalling. Although these modifications are typically studied individually, herein we describe the potential for cross-talk and hierarchical regulation. RESULTS The proximity of Met to Ser/Thr/Tyr within the proteome has not previously been addressed. In order to consider the possibility of a generalized interaction, we performed a trans-kingdom sequence analysis of known phosphorylation sites in proteins from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. The proportion of phosphorylation sites that include a Met within a 13-residue window centered upon Ser/Thr/Tyr is significantly less than the occurrence of Met in proximity to all Ser/Thr/Tyr residues. Met residues are present at all positions (-6 to +6, inclusive) within the 13-residue window that we have considered. Detailed analysis of sequences from eight disparate plant taxa revealed that many conserved phosphorylation sites have a Met residue in the proximity. Results from GO enrichment analysis indicated that the potential for phosphorylation and Met oxidation crosstalk is most prevalent in kinases and proteins involved in signalling. CONCLUSION The large proportion of known phosphorylation sites with Met in the proximity fulfils the necessary condition for cross-talk. Kinases/signalling proteins are enriched for Met around phosphorylation sites. These proteins/sites are likely candidates for cross-talk between oxidative signalling and reversible phosphorylation.
Collapse
|