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Frieling H, Bleich S. [Depressogenic effects of beta-receptor blockers--a medical myth?]. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2007; 75:127. [PMID: 17354184 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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77
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Frieling H, Gozner A, Römer KD, Lenz B, Bönsch D, Wilhelm J, Hillemacher T, de Zwaan M, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Global DNA hypomethylation and DNA hypermethylation of the alpha synuclein promoter in females with anorexia nervosa. Mol Psychiatry 2007; 12:229-30. [PMID: 17325715 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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78
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Graap H, Bleich S, Trostmann Y, Herbst F, Wancata J, de Zwaan M. Angehörige von essgestörten und schizophrenen PatientInnen – wie stark sind sie belastet und welche Bedürfnisse nach Unterstützung haben sie? PPMP - PSYCHOTHERAPIE · PSYCHOSOMATIK · MEDIZINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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79
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Lehrl S, Gerstmeyer K, Jacob JH, Frieling H, Henkel AW, Meyrer R, Wiltfang J, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Blue light improves cognitive performance. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:457-60. [PMID: 17245536 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A newly discovered system of photoreceptors for circadian rhythms works non-visual and responds to blue light (460 nm). We report a longitudinal study in 44 adults, showing that a significant increase in alertness and speed of information processing could be achieved by blue light as compared to normal light.
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80
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Roedl JB, Bleich S, Reulbach U, Rejdak R, Naumann GOH, Kruse FE, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Kornhuber J, Jünemann AGM. Vitamin deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:571-5. [PMID: 17238009 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0598-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Accepted: 10/28/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a systemic disorder characterized by the deposition of an abnormal fibrillar material in ocular and various extraocular tissues. It represents the most common identifiable cause of glaucoma (PEX glaucoma = PEXG). Due to similar pathogenetic mechanisms, glaucoma has been called "ocular Alzheimer's disease". PEXG and Alzheimer's disease share common associations such as the higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in both disorders. In order to investigate the cause of hyperhomocysteinemia in PEXG, we evaluated B-vitamin levels (folate, B12, B6) and their associations with homocysteine (Hcy) in plasma of 70 PEXG patients and 70 control subjects. Folate, vitamin B12 and B6 levels were significantly decreased and associated with elevated Hcy levels in PEXG. Low B-vitamin levels in PEX might also help explain, at least in part, the higher prevalence of B-vitamin deficiency in disorders associated with PEX such as Alzhemier's disease.
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81
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Semmler A, Simon M, Moskau S, Schlegel U, Hillemacher T, Frieling H, Bleich S, Klockgether T, Linnebank M. Die Methionin-Synthase-Variante c.2756A>G (D919G) ist mit einer veränderten DNA-Methylierung und einer erhöhten Inzidenz maligner Hirntumoren assoziiert. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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82
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Hillemacher T, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Neurobiologische Mechanismen und Pharmakologische Behandlungsansätze des Alkohol-Craving. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2007; 75:26-32. [PMID: 17031777 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, numerous studies have been performed on neurobiological mechanisms in alcohol craving. Changes in the hypothalamic cortisol pathway and the leptin metabolism, which is also associated with pharmacological interventions, have been of special interest. With acamprosate and naltrexone two substances exist for pharmacotherapy, but recent results about the efficacy are controversial. The clinical profit of disulfiram has been shown, at least in a subgroup of patients. Besides, there are several promising candidate substances. Current investigations focus on a differentiated pharmacotherapy of alcohol dependence, including psychological and genetic factors.
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83
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Goecke TW, Knörr J, Schild R, Bleich S. Einfluss von Schwangerschaft und Geburtsmodus auf die postpartale Depressivität. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1002997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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84
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Sperling W, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J, Bleich S. Combined VNS - rTMS Treatment in a Patient with Therapy Resistant Depression. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2007; 40:39-40. [PMID: 17327961 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-958524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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85
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Thuerauf N, Lunkenheimer J, Lunkenheimer B, Sperling W, Bleich S, Schlabeck M, Wiltfang J, Kornhuber J. Memantine fails to facilitate partial cigarette deprivation in smokers – no role of Memantine in the treatment of nicotine dependency? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:351-7. [PMID: 17043926 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of Memantine in the treatment of nicotine dependency in humans remained to be evaluated. The aims of our pilot study were to investigate (1) the effectiveness of Memantine in facilitating smoking reduction and (2) the influence of Memantine on the perception of nicotine. In order to achieve these aims we conducted a placebo controlled double-blind parallel group study in smokers (n = 20 per group). Before the beginning of the treatment-phase (10/20 mg Memantine per day) all participants were instructed to reduce smoking (partial deprivation). Before and during partial deprivation we registered the daily cigarette consumption and craving estimates. Following nasal stimulation with nicotine enantiomers hedonic and intensity estimates and the discrimination ability were assessed. Memantine failed to facilitate smoking reduction and did not influence the perception of nicotine with the exception of a weak reduction of olfactory intensity estimates reaching statistical significance for one nicotine enantiomer only.
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86
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Bönsch D, Lenz B, Fiszer R, Frieling H, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Lowered DNA methyltransferase (DNMT-3b) mRNA expression is associated with genomic DNA hypermethylation in patients with chronic alcoholism. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 113:1299-304. [PMID: 16463117 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2005] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are involved within the epigenetic control of DNA methylation processes. Recently, it has been shown that the genomic DNA methylation in patients with alcoholism is increased. In the present controlled study we observed a significant decrease of mRNA expression of DNMT-3a and DNMT-3b when comparing alcoholic patients (n = 59) with healthy controls (n = 66): DNMT-3a (t = -2.38, p = 0.019), DNMT-3b (t = -2.65, p = 0.008). No significant differences were seen for DNMT-1 and Mbd-2 (Methyl-CpG-Binding-Domain protein 2) expression. Additionally, we observed a significant negative correlation between DNMT-3b expression and the blood alcohol concentration (r = -0.45, p = 0.003) which might explain the decrease of DNMT-3b mRNA expression in alcoholic patients. Using a multivariate model we observed that the increase (10%) of genomic DNA methylation in patients with alcoholism was significantly associated with their lowered DNMT-3b mRNA expression (multiple linear regression, p = 0.014). Since methylation of DNA is an important epigenetic factor in regulation of gene expression these findings may have important implications for a possible subsequent derangement of epigenetic control in these patients.
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87
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Roedl JB, Bleich S, Reulbach U, von Ahsen N, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Rejdak R, Naumann GOH, Kruse FE, Kornhuber J, Jünemann AGM. Homocysteine levels in aqueous humor and plasma of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:445-50. [PMID: 16932990 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We determined homocysteine (Hcy) levels in aqueous humor (AH) and plasma and their association with B-vitamin levels in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and controls. Both AH Hcy and plasma Hcy levels were significantly increased in POAG, and elevation of AH Hcy and plasma Hcy was a significant risk factor for POAG. In contrast to controls, neither plasma nor AH Hcy of POAG patients demonstrated a significant association with important non-genetic determinants of elevated Hcy such as low B-vitamin levels, increasing age and caffeine consumption. Considering that Hcy is a neurotoxin that induces apoptotic retinal ganglion cell death via stimulation of the N-methyl-D-asparate (NMDA) receptor, increased Hcy concentrations in AH and plasma might contribute to the optic nerve damage in POAG.
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88
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Hillemacher T, Frieling H, Bayerlein K, Wilhelm J, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Biological markers to predict previous alcohol withdrawal seizures: a risk assessment. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:151-4. [PMID: 16897604 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that both, elevated homocysteine and prolactin plasma levels are associated with a higher risk of alcohol withdrawal seizures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive qualities of a combined assessment of homocysteine and prolactin for previous alcohol withdrawal seizures. Therefore, 117 male patients suffering from alcohol dependency were included into the study. Homocysteine was measured directly at admission, prolactin the morning following admission for detoxification treatment. Pearson's chi(2)-test showed significant results for the combined assessment of both parameters (chi(2) = 14.71, p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression also revealed significant predictive qualities (p = 0.001, OR = 9.23, 95%CI = 2.36-36.05). A combination of both, homocysteine and prolactin, may help to assess the individual risk of alcohol withdrawal seizures in clinical practice.
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89
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Kraus T, Reulbach U, Bayerlein K, Mugele B, Hillemacher T, Sperling W, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Leptin is associated with craving in females with alcoholism. Addict Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2004.tb00535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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90
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Bleich S, Breuer L, Kornhuber J. [Fritz Flügel (1897-1973). Early research on neuroleptics]. DER NERVENARZT 2006; 77:350-4. [PMID: 16437255 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-005-2035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the early 1950s, Fritz Flügel and his colleagues at the Neurology Clinic of the University of Erlangen in Germany contributed greatly to the clinical introduction of chlorpromazine in German psychiatry. Flügel's clinical work made possible in exemplary fashion the first German psychiatric research on neuroleptics. Between 1953 and 1963, scientists were trying to find a theoretical explanation for the positive psychic effect which had become evident during empirical tests with the new substance. Within a few years, the new drug had its breakthrough, which simply was based on worldwide therapeutical success and good empirical results. That already had happened about 10 years before Carlsson came up with the first plausible theory of neuroleptic function by formulating the dopamine hypothesis in 1963. This brought new energy and developments in psychiatric research in general. Newly developed theses have thoroughly changed the therapeutic approach in psychiatry and the way in which pathophysiological contexts of the brain are understood.
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91
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Frieling H, Röschke B, Kornhuber J, Wilhelm J, Römer KD, Gruss B, Bönsch D, Hillemacher T, de Zwaan M, Jacoby GE, Bleich S. Cognitive impairment and its association with homocysteine plasma levels in females with eating disorders – findings from the HEaD-study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 112:1591-8. [PMID: 16245072 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Accepted: 10/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Higher plasma homocysteine levels have been found in females with anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, elevated homocysteine levels are associated with cognitive decline in dementia and healthy elderly people. Aim of this prospective study was to investigate a possible association between homocysteine serum levels and Clinically well known cognitive deficits in females with eating disorders. We found that moderately elevated plasma homocysteine levels were associated with normal short- and long-term verbal memory while normal plasma homocysteine levels were associated with poorer memory performance in 14 females with anorexia nervosa and 12 females with bulimia nervosa (logistic forward regression Wald chi(2)=8.566, OR=24.75, CI 2.89 - 212.23, P=0.003). These results indicate that under the special circumstances of eating disorders elevated homocysteine levels improve memory signaling possibly by facilitating long-term potentiation.
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92
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Kornhuber J, Medlin A, Bleich S, Jendrossek V, Henkel AW, Wiltfang J, Gulbins E. High activity of acid sphingomyelinase in major depression. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 112:1583-90. [PMID: 16245071 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2005] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) and its reaction product ceramide may play a role in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders and in the therapeutic action of antidepressive drugs. In a prospective case-control study, A-SMase activity was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 17 patients with a major depressive episode who were free of antidepressant drug therapy for at least 10 days and 8 healthy volunteers. In the patient group, A-SMase activity was correlated to the score (n=17, r=0.64, P=0.005). The patient group exhibited higher A-SMase activity compared to healthy volunteers (T=2.09, df=21.33, P<0.05). In addition, we demonstrate that the antidepressants imipramine and amitriptyline induce a long-term reduction of the activity of A-SMase in cultured cells.
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93
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Kraus T, Schanze A, Bayerlein K, Hillemacher T, Reulbach U, Gröschl M, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Ghrelin levels are increased in alcoholism. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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94
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Jordan W, Cohrs S, Degner D, Meier A, Rodenbeck A, Mayer G, Pilz J, Rüther E, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Evaluation of oxidative stress measurements in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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95
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Kornhuber J, Weigmann H, Röhrich J, Wiltfang J, Bleich S, Meineke I, Zöchling R, Härtter S, Riederer P, Hiemke C. Region specific distribution of levomepromazine in the human brain. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:387-97. [PMID: 15997416 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 04/30/2005] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine concentrations of levomepromazine and its metabolite desmethyl-levomepromazine in different regions of human brain and in relationship to drug-free time. METHODS Drug concentrations were measured in up to 43 regions of 5 postmortem human brains of patients previously treated with levomepromazine. To enable statistical comparison across brain regions several smaller brain areas were put together to form larger brain areas (cortex cerebri, limbic system, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus). Mean values of drug concentrations in these larger brain areas were used in a repeated measurement ANOVA to analyze for region specific distribution. The elimination half-life in brain tissue was estimated with a NONMEM population kinetic analysis using the mean value of all brain regions of an individual case. RESULTS Levomepromazine and desmethyl-levomepromazine appear to accumulate in human brain tissue relative to blood. Mean concentrations differed largely between individual brains, in part due to differences in dose of drug, duration of treatment and drug-free time before death. There was an apparent region-specific difference in levomepromazine concentrations with highest values in the basal ganglia (mean 316 ng/g) and lowest values in the cortex cerebri (mean 209 ng/g). The elimination half-life from brain tissue is longer than from blood and was calculated to be about one week. Similar results were obtained with desmethyl-levomepromazine. CONCLUSIONS Levomepromazine shows a region-specific distribution in the human brain with highest values in the basal ganglia. This might be the consequence of low expression of the metabolic enzyme Cyp2D6 in the basal ganglia. If this finding is true also for other neuroleptic drugs it might increase our understanding of preferential toxicity of neuroleptic drugs against basal ganglia structures and higher volumes of basal ganglia of neuroleptic-treated patients. Furthermore, patients exposed to levomepromazine cannot be considered to be free of residual effects of the drug for a number of weeks after withdrawal.
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96
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Wilhelm J, Bayerlein K, Hillemacher T, Reulbach U, Frieling H, Kromolan B, Degner D, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Short-term cognition deficits during early alcohol withdrawal are associated with elevated plasma homocysteine levels in patients with alcoholism. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:357-63. [PMID: 15997414 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Higher plasma homocysteine levels have been found in actively drinking alcoholics as well as in early abstinent patients. Furthermore, elevated homocysteine levels are associated with cognitive decline in dementia and in healthy elderly people. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate a possible association between homocysteine serum levels and clinically well known cognitive deficits during alcohol withdrawal. We examined 89 patients (67 men, 22 women) during early withdrawal treatment. Cognitive function was assessed using the c.I.-Test. Patients with cognitive deficits showed significantly higher homocysteine serum levels (Mann-Whitney-U, p=0.004) than patients without cognitive deficits, while the difference in blood alcohol concentration was not significant. Using logistic regression analysis, cognitive deficits were best predicted by high homocysteine serum levels (Wald chi2=4.071, OR=1.043, 95% CI 1.001-1.086, p<0.05), which was confirmed by Receiver Operating Curves (AUC=0.68, 95% CI=0.57-0.79, p=0.004). The present results show first evidence of an association between elevated plasma homocysteine levels in alcoholics and cognition deficits in patients undergoing alcohol withdrawal.
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97
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Schmidt LG, Bleich S, Boening J, Buehringer G, Kornhuber J, Weijers HG, Wiesbeck GA, Wolfgramm J, Havemann-Reinecke U. Advances in Alcoholism Research in Germany. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2005; 29:1282-7. [PMID: 16088985 DOI: 10.1097/01.alc.0000171897.16149.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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98
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Jordan W, Cohrs S, Degner D, Meier A, Rodenbeck A, Mayer G, Pilz J, Rüther E, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Evaluation of oxidative stress measurements in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:239-54. [PMID: 15959848 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2004] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is highly important in neurodegenerative disorders and neuroleptic treatment. However, conflicting results have been reported, which may arise from methodological difficulties. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome with episodic hypoxia-reoxygenation is proposed as a human model for the investigation of ROS measurements. Despite a broad analytical approach comprising lipid peroxidation and amino acid oxidation products, oxidative DNA damage, and activity of the antioxidant defense, only plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and urinary o,o'-dityrosine seemed to be appropriate, robust biomarkers of oxidative stress, which are also simple enough for routine clinical use. MDA concentrations correlated with a duration of nocturnal desaturation below 85% (r = 0.77, p<0.0005), and o,o'-dityrosine levels decreased after therapy (p<0.05) as a function of baseline concentrations (r = -0.61, p<0.05). Gender effects in ROS generation also have to be considered. At present, we recommend the application of several oxidative stress measurements at different time points, preferably involving plasma MDA and urinary o,o'-dityrosine.
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Frieling H, Römer K, Röschke B, Bönsch D, Wilhelm J, Fiszer R, de Zwaan M, Jacoby GE, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Homocysteine plasma levels are elevated in females with anorexia nervosa. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 112:979-85. [PMID: 15937640 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present pilot study significantly (T = 2.46, P = 0.018) higher levels of homocysteine were found in female anorectic patients (14.07, SD 7.3 micromol/l; n = 18) when compared with bulimic patients (10.25, SD 2.82; n = 27) or healthy controls (8.10, SD 1.79; n = 25). Since homocysteine can induce neuronal cell death leading to brain atrophy in different diseases and since it has been linked to depressive disorders these findings may have important implications for understanding common symptoms in patients suffering from anorexia.
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100
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Bönsch D, Lenz B, Reulbach U, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Homocysteine associated genomic DNA hypermethylation in patients with chronic alcoholism. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 111:1611-6. [PMID: 15565495 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-004-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2004] [Accepted: 09/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Higher plasma homocysteine concentrations can influence genomic DNA methylation in peripheral blood cells. In the present controlled study we observed a significant increase (10%) of genomic DNA methylation in patients with alcoholism (t = -3.16, df = 158, p = 0.002) which was significantly associated with their elevated homocysteine levels (multiple linear regression, p < 0.001). Since methylation of DNA is an important epigenetic factor in regulation of gene expression these findings may have important implications for a possible subsequent derangement of epigenetic control these patients.
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