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Arjunan V, Anitha R, Durgadevi G, Marchewka M, Mohan S. An insight into the structure, vibrations, electronic and reactivity properties of the tautomers 1–(diaminomethylene)thiourea and 2–imino–4–thiobiuret. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vishnu Prataap RK, Mohan S. Electrodeposited-hydroxide surface-covered porous nickel–cobalt alloy electrodes for efficient oxygen evolution reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3365-3368. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00712d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the electrochemical fabrication of a hydroxide surface-covered nickel–cobalt alloy and its superior catalytic activity towards the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media.
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Bhakyaraj K, Kumaraguru S, Gopinath K, Sabitha V, Kaleeswarran PR, Karthika V, Sudha A, Muthukumaran U, Jayakumar K, Mohan S, Arumugam A. Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles Using Melia azedarach Leaf Extract and Their Evaluation for Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities. J CLUST SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-016-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Vimalraj R, Jayakumar N, George Varghese K, Mohan S, John B, Chhag S. Minimizing Relapse in Mandibular Asymmetry Correction by BSSRO with Intentional Osteotomy of Distal Segment: A Prospective Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2016; 15:484-490. [PMID: 27833341 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-016-0884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical correction of the patients with mandibular asymmetry by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) creats remarkable results in the immediate post operative period, but it carries a high risk of relapse by powerful muscle forces and the osteotomized segments. To minimize this risk, literatures highlight the procedure of an intentional osteotomy and stripping of muscles. A prospective study was conducted in Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, to assess the effect of intentional osteotomy of posterior part of distal segment and stripping of medial pterygoid muscle on the proximal segment on affected side in mandibular asymmetry patients treated with BSSRO. MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 patients above 18 years with mandibular asymmetry underwent surgical correction by BSSRO setback and rotation. Clinical evaluation and postero anterior cephalogram (PA Ceph) were used to assess relapse. PA cephalogram taken post operatively at 2 weeks, 6 months and 1year were compared using cephalometric parameters by Grummons analysis to assess relapse. Paired t test and Chi-square test was used to analyse quantitative and qualitative parameters respectively with statistical significance of p < 0.05. RESULTS Barring Methodological errors which is inevitable, the amount of relapse was not statistically significant with respect to dental midline, chin midline and frontal photograph. CONCLUSION Intentional osteotomy of posterior part of distal segment and stripping of medial pterygoid muscle on the affected side can prevent relapse in patients who underwent surgical correction of mandibular asymmetry by BSSRO set back and rotation.
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Muthusamy K, Mohan S, Nagamani S, Kesavan C. Identification of novel small molecules that bind to the loop2 region of sclerostin - an in silico computational analysis. Physiol Res 2016; 65:871-878. [PMID: 27429110 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify small molecular weight compounds that bind to sclerostin using in-silico methods because of the established importance of sclerostin-based therapies for the treatment of disease characterized by low bone mass. The zinc database (Zdb) revealed that nine potential molecules bind to the loop2 region (functional site) of sclerostin with ADME/T properties that are within an acceptable range defined for human use. Compounds 30160056 and 56871042 showed the highest docking score. Density functional theory (by HOMO, LUMO and MESP analysis) and MM/GBSA analysis showed that four compounds 30160056, 56871042, 72112226 and 43920281 exhibit high stability among the nine small molecules identified. Induced Docking Fit and Pymol software analyses revealed that the identified compounds differ in the interaction with amino acids in the loop2 region of sclerostin. Six compound exhibited interaction with Ile95 and 2 compounds with Asn93, an amino acid in the loop2 region known to be involved in sclerostin's inhibitory effect, suggesting that the identified compounds have the potential to bind and neutralize sclerostin function. Furthermore, compound 43920281 showed a low risk of toxicity and drug-like characteristic features compared to all nine identified compounds. In conclusion, in silico analysis identified a novel compound 43920281 as a potent anti-sclerostin therapeutic for drug development for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Kumar S, Mohan S, Lav R, John B. Tuberculous osteomyelitis of mandibular condyle: A rare encounter. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2016; 6:214-8. [PMID: 27390500 PMCID: PMC4922236 DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.183859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), one of the oldest known microbial infectious diseases affecting humans has continued to burden our healthcare system over generations. Conventionally, primary TB usually manifests as a pulmonary infection. However, the last decade has witnessed increasing reports of extrapulmonary infections. It's often atypical clinical presentations require a high degree of clinical suspicion, especially in the developing countries with a high incidence of this infectious disease. In this report, we present one such case of tuberculous osteomyelitis of the mandibular condyle where the patient reported with the complaint of swelling on the left side of the face with no apparent systemic manifestation.
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Kim C, Gulati S, Ayub M, Rothwell D, Mohan S, Dive C, Brady G, Miller C. A novel PCR error correction algorithm for cell-free DNA next generation sequencing data using high performance computing. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ofori S, baumgartner J, Alvarez J, Guinto R, Mohan S, Monyeki D, Bobrow K, Grover B. PS021 A Dynamic Online Library of NCD Policies and Actions to Track Progress Towards the 25 by 25 Goal. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Taha MME, Sheikh BY, Salim LZA, Mohan S, Khan A, Kamalidehghan B, Ahmadipour F, Abdelwahab SI. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis and increase ROS in ovarian cancer cell line. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:97-101. [PMID: 27262811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nigella sativa is also known for its properties as a traditional herbal healing for many ailments. In this study, the anticancer properties of thyomquinone (TQ), the active ingredient of N. sativa, were studied using ovarian cancer cell line (Caov-3 cells). The anti-proliferative activity of TQ was determined using MTT and the apoptosis was investigated using Flowcytometry and Annexin-V Assays. Multiparameteric cytotoxicity bioassays were used to quantify the changes in cell permeability and mitochondrial membrane potential. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis-involved cell markers were examined to verify cell death mechanism. The MTT-assay showed that TQ induces anti-proliferative activity on Caov-3 with an IC50 of 6.0±0.03 μg/mL, without any cytotoxic activity towards WRL-68 normal hepatocytes. A significant induction of early phase of apoptosis was shown by annexin-V analysis. Treatment of Caov-3 cells with TQ induces decreases in plasma membrane permeability and mitochondrial membrane potential. Visible decrease in the nuclear area was also observed. A significant decrease is observed in Bcl-2 while Bax is down-regulated. TQ-triggered ROS-mediated has found to be associated with Hsp70 dysregulation, an indicator of oxidative injury. We found that TQ induced anti-cancer effect involves intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and cellular oxidative stress. Our results considered collectively indicated that thyomquinone may be a potential agent for ovarian cancer drug development.
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Sreenivasulu T, Kolli VR, Yadunath TR, Badrinarayana T, Sahu A, Hegde G, Mohan S, Srinivas T. Photonic Crystal-Based force Sensor to Measure Sub-Micro Newton forces over a Wide Range. CURR SCI INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v110/i10/1989-1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Koshy J, Mohan S, Deodhar D, John M, Oberoi A. Clinical diversity in central nervous system cryptococcosis. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kumar MK, Prataap RKV, Mohan S, Jha SK. Preparation of electro-reduced graphene oxide supported walnut shape nickel nanostructures, and their application to selective detection of dopamine. Mikrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-1806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lau KHW, Chen ST, Wang X, Mohan S, Wergedal JE, Kesavan C, Srivastava AK, Gridley DS, Hall SL. Opposing effects of Sca-1(+) cell-based systemic FGF2 gene transfer strategy on lumbar versus caudal vertebrae in the mouse. Gene Ther 2016; 23:500-9. [PMID: 26934099 PMCID: PMC4891288 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work showed that a Sca-1+ cell-based FGF2 therapy was capable of promoting robust increases in trabecular bone formation and connectivity on the endosteum of long bones. Past work reported that administration of FGF2 protein promoted bone formation in red marrow but not in yellow marrow. The issue as to whether the Sca-1+ cell-based FGF2 therapy is effective in yellow marrow is highly relevant to its clinical potential for osteoporosis, as most red marrows in a person of an advanced age, are converted to yellow marrows. Accordingly, this study sought to compare the osteogenic effects of this stem cell-based FGF2 therapy on red marrow-filled lumbar vertebrae with those on yellow marrow-filled caudal vertebrae of young adult W41/W41 mice. The Sca-1+ cell-based FGF2 therapy drastically increased trabecular bone formation in lumbar vertebrae, but the therapy not only did not promote bone formation but instead caused substantial loss of trabecular bone in caudal vertebrae. The lack of an osteogenic response was not due to insufficient engraftment of FGF2-expressing Sca-1+ cells or inadequate FGF2 expression in caudal vertebrae. Previous studies have demonstrated that recipient mice of this stem cell-based FGF2 therapy developed secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased bone resorption. Thus, the loss of bone mass in caudal vertebrae might in part be due to an increase in resorption without a corresponding increase in bone formation. In conclusion, the Sca-1+ cell-based FGF2 therapy is osteogenic in red marrow but not in yellow marrow.
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Mittal Y, Varghese KG, Mohan S, Jayakumar N, Chhag S. A Comparative Study of 3-Dimensional Titanium Versus 2-Dimensional Titanium Miniplates for Open Reduction and Fixation of Mandibular Parasymphysis Fracture. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2016; 15:93-8. [PMID: 26929559 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-015-0780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three dimensional titanium plating system was developed by Farmand in 1995 to meet the requirements of semi rigid fixation with lesser complication. The purpose of this in vivo prospective study was to evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness of three dimensional and two dimensional Titanium miniplates for open reduction and fixation of mandibular parasymphysis fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients with non-comminuted mandibular parasymphysis fractures were divided randomly into two equal groups and were treated with 2 mm 3D and 2D miniplate system respectively. All patients were systematically monitored at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th week, 3rd and 6th month postoperatively. The outcome parameters recorded were severity of pain, infection, mobility, occlusion derangement, paresthesia and implant failure. The data so collected was analyzed using independent t test and Chi square test (α = .05). RESULTS The results showed that one patient in each group had post-operative infection, occlusion derangement and mobility (p > .05). In Group A, one patient had paresthesia while in Group B, two patients had paresthesia (p > .05). None of the patients in both the groups had implant failure. There was no statistically significant difference between 3D and 2D miniplate system in all the recorded parameters at all the follow-ups (p > .05). CONCLUSION 3D miniplates were found to be better than 2D miniplates in terms of cost, ease of surgery and operative time. However, 3D miniplates were unfavorable for cases where fracture line was oblique and in close proximity to mental foramen, where they were difficult to adapt and more chances for tooth-root damage and inadvertent injury to the mental nerve due to traction.
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Nayate AP, Nasrallah IM, Schmitt JE, Mohan S. Using Body Mass Index to Predict Needle Length in Fluoroscopy-Guided Lumbar Punctures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:572-8. [PMID: 26585261 PMCID: PMC7960139 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Predicting the appropriate needle length to use in oblique interlaminar-approach fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures in patients with a large body mass index is difficult. Using the wrong needle length can lead to an increased radiation dose and patient discomfort. We hypothesized that body mass index could help determine the appropriate needle length to use in patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We randomly selected patients who underwent oblique interlaminar-approach fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures and had cross-sectional imaging of the lumbar spine within 1 year of imaging (n = 50). The distance from the skin to the midlumbar spinal canal (skin-canal distance) at the level of the lumbar puncture was measured by using an oblique angle of 8.6°, which is an average of angles most often used to perform the procedure. A formula was devised using the skin-canal distance and body mass index to predict the appropriate needle length, subsequently confirmed in 45 patients. RESULTS The body mass index and skin-canal distance were significantly higher (P < .001) in patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided lumbar puncture with 5- or 7-inch needles (n = 22) than in patients requiring 3.5-inch needles (n = 28). Using linear regression, we determined the formula to predict the needle length as Skin-Canal Distance (inches) = 0.077 × Body Mass Index + 0.88. We found a strong correlation (P < .001) between the predicted and actual skin canal distance in 45 patients, and our formula better predicted the skin-canal distance than others. CONCLUSIONS We designed a formula that uses body mass index to predict the appropriate needle length in oblique interlaminar-approach fluoroscopy-guided lumbar punctures and validated it by demonstrating a strong correlation between the predicted and actual skin-canal distance.
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Thirunarayanan S, Arjunan V, Marchewka M, Mohan S, Atalay Y. Characterisation of 1,3-diammonium propylselenate monohydrate by XRD, FT-IR, FT-Raman, DSC and DFT studies. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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92
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Pavul Raj R, Mohan S, Jha SK. Controlled reverse pulse electrosynthesized spike-piece-structured Ni/Ni(OH)2 interlayer nanoplates for electrochemical pseudocapacitor applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1930-3. [PMID: 26679088 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08499g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultrathin Ni/Ni(OH)2 hybrid electrode has been synthesized using a controlled reverse pulse modulated electrochemical approach and demonstrated as an advanced pseudocapacitor material having a remarkable specific capacitance and excellent cycling performance.
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Walter G, Chandrasekaran S, Collins P, Jagadeesan R, Mohankumar S, Alagusundaram K, Ebert P, Daglish G, Nayak M, Mohan S, Srivastava C, Chadda I, Rajagopal A, Reid R, Subramanian S. The grand challenge of food security - general lessons from a comprehensive approach to protecting stored grain from insect pests in Australia and India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-8172.2016.00020.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Halazun KJ, Mathur AK, Rana AA, Massie AB, Mohan S, Patzer RE, Wedd JP, Samstein B, Subramanian RM, Campos BD, Knechtle SJ. One Size Does Not Fit All--Regional Variation in the Impact of the Share 35 Liver Allocation Policy. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:137-42. [PMID: 26561981 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Allocation policies for liver transplantation underwent significant changes in June 2013 with the introduction of Share 35. We aimed to examine the effect of Share 35 on regional variation in posttransplant outcomes. We examined two patient groups from the United Network for Organ Sharing dataset; a pre-Share 35 group composed of patients transplanted between June 17, 2012, and June 17, 2013 (n = 5523), and a post-Share group composed of patients transplanted between June 18, 2013, and June 18, 2014 (n = 5815). We used Kaplan-Meier and Cox multivariable analyses to compare survival. There were significant increases in allocation Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores, laboratory MELD scores, and proportions of patients in the intensive care unit and on mechanical, ventilated, or organ-perfusion support at transplant post-Share 35. We also observed a significant increase in donor risk index in this group. We found no difference on a national level in survival between patients transplanted pre-Share 35 and post-Share 35 (p = 0.987). Regionally, however, posttransplantation survival was significantly worse in the post-Share 35 patients in regions 4 and 10 (p = 0.008 and p = 0.04), with no significant differences in the remaining regions. These results suggest that Share 35 has been associated with transplanting "sicker patients" with higher MELD scores, and although no difference in survival is observed on a national level, outcomes appear to be concerning in some regions.
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Ibrahim M, Mohan S, Xing MJ, Kesavan C. Conditional Knockout of the MicroRNA 17-92 Cluster in Type-I Collagen-Expressing Cells Decreases Alveolar Bone Size and Incisor Tooth Mechanical Properties. Folia Biol (Praha) 2016; 62:175-179. [PMID: 27643583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To test the role of the miR17-92 (miR) cluster in dental bones, we evaluated the incisor tooth phenotype by micro-CT in 5- and 12-week-old conditional knockout (CKO) mice deficient in the miR17-92 cluster in type-I collagen-expressing cells and bone strength by finite element analysis. The incisor teeth of CKO mice showed a 23-30 % reduction in tissue volume and bone volume. Accordingly, the stiffness and failure load of incisor teeth assessed by finite element analysis showed an 18-40 % decrease in CKO compared to wild-type mice. A positive correlation between bone parameters and strength data suggests that the decreased mechanical properties of incisor teeth are due to decreased tissue volume and bone volume. Subsequently, we found that the width of alveolar bone was reduced by 25 % with a 16 % increase in periodontal ligament space, suggesting that the CKO mice are more susceptible to tooth movement. Since alveolar bone is populated primarily by osteoblast lineage cells, it is likely that the reduction in periosteal expansion of alveolar bone in the lower jaw of CKO mice results from decreased periosteal bone formation. Overall, our phenotype analysis demonstrates that the miR17-92 cluster is essential for development and maintenance of tooth strength by regulating its tooth size.
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Ledgerwood JE, Coates EE, Yamshchikov G, Saunders JG, Holman L, Enama ME, DeZure A, Lynch RM, Gordon I, Plummer S, Hendel CS, Pegu A, Conan-Cibotti M, Sitar S, Bailer RT, Narpala S, McDermott A, Louder M, O'Dell S, Mohan S, Pandey JP, Schwartz RM, Hu Z, Koup RA, Capparelli E, Mascola JR, Graham BS. Safety, pharmacokinetics and neutralization of the broadly neutralizing HIV-1 human monoclonal antibody VRC01 in healthy adults. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 182:289-301. [PMID: 26332605 PMCID: PMC4636891 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01) is a broadly neutralizing HIV-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) isolated from the B cells of an HIV-infected patient. It is directed against the HIV-1 CD4 binding site and is capable of potently neutralizing the majority of diverse HIV-1 strains. This Phase I dose-escalation study in healthy adults was conducted at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center (Bethesda, MD, USA). Primary objectives were the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of VRC01 intravenous (i.v.) infusion at 5, 20 or 40 mg/kg, given either once (20 mg/kg) or twice 28 days apart (all doses), and of subcutaneous (s.c.) delivery at 5 mg/kg compared to s.c. placebo given twice, 28 days apart. Cumulatively, 28 subjects received 43 VRC01 and nine received placebo administrations. There were no serious adverse events or dose-limiting toxicities. Mean 28-day serum trough concentrations after the first infusion were 35 and 57 μg/ml for groups infused with 20 mg/kg (n = 8) and 40 mg/kg (n = 5) doses, respectively. Mean 28-day trough concentrations after the second infusion were 56 and 89 μg/ml for the same two doses. Over the 5-40 mg/kg i.v. dose range (n = 18), the clearance was 0.016 l/h and terminal half-life was 15 days. After infusion VRC01 retained expected neutralizing activity in serum, and anti-VRC01 antibody responses were not detected. The human monoclonal antibody (mAb) VRC01 was well tolerated when delivered i.v. or s.c. The mAb demonstrated expected half-life and pharmacokinetics for a human immunoglobulin G. The safety and PK results support and inform VRC01 dosing schedules for planning HIV-1 prevention efficacy studies.
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Arjunan V, Thirunarayanan S, Durga Devi G, Mohan S. Substituent influence on the structural, vibrational and electronic properties of 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide by experimental and DFT methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:641-651. [PMID: 26093113 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic and theoretical quantum chemical studies of 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide and 3-methyl-2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide have been carried out by FTIR and FT-Raman spectral techniques along with B3LYP methods. The geometry of the compounds have been optimised by B3LYP method with 6-311++G(∗∗) and cc-pVTZ basis sets. The geometrical parameters obtained at B3LYP levels have been compared with the experimental values. Molecular electrostatic potential surface, total electron density distribution and frontier molecular orbital are constructed at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level to understand the electronic properties. The charge density distribution and sites of chemical reactivity of the molecules have been obtained by mapping electron density isosurface with electrostatic potential surfaces. Natural bond orbital analysis of the molecules are carried out and the occupancies and the atomic hybrid contributions are calculated.
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Saravanan D, Ramesh Kumar G, Gokul Raj S, Mohan S, Sivakumar B. Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of a new optical di-lithium di-phthalate single crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:712-720. [PMID: 26093968 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of a new alkali phthalic complex salt of di-lithium di-phthalate (C32H30Li4O21) (DLDP) were grown by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution at room temperature. The compound crystallizes in a monoclinic system with a centrosymmetric space group having the unit cell parameters; a=17.037(5) Å, b=5.134(5) Å, and c=21.398(5) Å and α=90.000(5)°, β=113.195(5)°, and γ=90.000(5)° with Z=2. The structure has been refined up to a R-value of 0.0828 from 26,248 observed reflections using a three-dimensional X-ray diffraction intensity data. The vibrational structure of the compound confirms the presence of various functional groups in the molecule. Mass spectrometric analysis provides the molecular weight of the compound and possible ways of fragmentations occurring in the compound. Thermal stability of the crystal was also studied by simultaneous TGA/DTA analyses. The UV-VIS-NIR spectrum was recorded to study the transmittance properties of the grown crystals. The obtained results are discussed in detail.
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Wang S, Martinez-Lage M, Sakai Y, Chawla S, Kim SG, Alonso-Basanta M, Lustig RA, Brem S, Mohan S, Wolf RL, Desai A, Poptani H. Differentiating Tumor Progression from Pseudoprogression in Patients with Glioblastomas Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:28-36. [PMID: 26450533 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Early assessment of treatment response is critical in patients with glioblastomas. A combination of DTI and DSC perfusion imaging parameters was evaluated to distinguish glioblastomas with true progression from mixed response and pseudoprogression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-one patients with glioblastomas exhibiting enhancing lesions within 6 months after completion of chemoradiation therapy were retrospectively studied. All patients underwent surgery after MR imaging and were histologically classified as having true progression (>75% tumor), mixed response (25%-75% tumor), or pseudoprogression (<25% tumor). Mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, linear anisotropy coefficient, planar anisotropy coefficient, spheric anisotropy coefficient, and maximum relative cerebral blood volume values were measured from the enhancing tissue. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the best model for classification of true progression from mixed response or pseudoprogression. RESULTS Significantly elevated maximum relative cerebral blood volume, fractional anisotropy, linear anisotropy coefficient, and planar anisotropy coefficient and decreased spheric anisotropy coefficient were observed in true progression compared with pseudoprogression (P < .05). There were also significant differences in maximum relative cerebral blood volume, fractional anisotropy, planar anisotropy coefficient, and spheric anisotropy coefficient measurements between mixed response and true progression groups. The best model to distinguish true progression from non-true progression (pseudoprogression and mixed) consisted of fractional anisotropy, linear anisotropy coefficient, and maximum relative cerebral blood volume, resulting in an area under the curve of 0.905. This model also differentiated true progression from mixed response with an area under the curve of 0.901. A combination of fractional anisotropy and maximum relative cerebral blood volume differentiated pseudoprogression from nonpseudoprogression (true progression and mixed) with an area under the curve of 0.807. CONCLUSIONS DTI and DSC perfusion imaging can improve accuracy in assessing treatment response and may aid in individualized treatment of patients with glioblastomas.
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