76
|
Harvey AC, Fjelldal PG, Solberg MF, Hansen T, Glover KA. Ploidy elicits a whole-genome dosage effect: growth of triploid Atlantic salmon is linked to the genetic origin of the second maternal chromosome set. BMC Genet 2017; 18:34. [PMID: 28399816 PMCID: PMC5387229 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry is investigating the feasibility of using sterile triploids to mitigate genetic interactions with wild conspecifics, however, studies investigating diploid and triploid performance often show contrasting results. Studies have identified dosage and dosage-compensation effects for gene expression between triploid and diploid salmonids, but no study has investigated how ploidy and parent-origin effects interact on a polygenic trait in divergent lines of Atlantic salmon (i.e. slow growing wild versus fast growing domesticated phenotype). This study utilised two experiments relating to the freshwater growth of diploid and triploid groups of pure wild (0% domesticated genome), pure domesticated (100% domesticated genome), and F1 reciprocal hybrid (33%, 50% or 66% domesticated genome) salmon where triploidy was either artificially induced (experiment 1) or naturally developed/spontaneous (experiment 2). Results In both experiments, reciprocal hybrid growth was influenced by the dosage effect of the second maternal chromosome, with growth increasing as ploidy level increased in individuals with a domesticated dam (from 50% to 66% domesticated genome), and the inverse in individuals with a wild dam (from 50% to 33% domesticated genome). Conclusions We demonstrate that the combined effect of ploidy and parent-origin on growth, a polygenic trait, is regulated in an additive pattern. Therefore, in order to maximise growth potential, the aquaculture industry should consider placing more emphasis on the breeding value of the dam than the sire when producing triploid families for commercial production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-017-0502-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
77
|
Karlsen M, Jakobsen K, Jonsson R, Hammenfors D, Hansen T, Appel S. Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Scand J Immunol 2017; 85:220-226. [PMID: 27943374 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors important for the detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. They are localized on cellular membranes, on either the cell surface or the endosomes. Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltrations in exocrine glands resulting in dryness in eyes and mouth. In a majority of patients, autoantibodies against Ro/SSA and/or La/SSB are present. Here we analysed mRNA levels of TLR1-10 and protein expression levels of most of them in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 20 patients with pSS and 20 healthy controls. Patients with pSS showed significantly higher mRNA levels of TLR8 than controls, while transcript levels of TLR9 were significantly lower. At the protein level, patients with pSS expressed significantly less TLR5 and significantly more TLR7 compared with healthy controls. TLR7 and 8 are encoded by genes localized on the X chromosome, which is especially interesting regarding the gender imbalance of pSS. The differential expression of various TLR in PBMC of patients with pSS might contribute to an altered recognition of nucleic acids, eventually resulting in the development of autoimmune disease.
Collapse
|
78
|
van der Vorm S, Hansen T, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Codée JDC. The influence of acceptor nucleophilicity on the glycosylation reaction mechanism. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1867-1875. [PMID: 28553477 PMCID: PMC5424809 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04638j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of model nucleophiles of gradually changing nucleophilicity is used to probe the glycosylation reaction mechanism. Glycosylations of ethanol-based acceptors, bearing varying amounts of fluorine atoms, report on the dependency of the stereochemistry in condensation reactions on the nucleophilicity of the acceptor. Three different glycosylation systems were scrutinized, that differ in the reaction mechanism, that - putatively - prevails during the coupling reaction. It is revealed that the stereoselectivity in glycosylations of benzylidene protected glucose donors are very susceptible to acceptor nucleophilicity whereas condensations of benzylidene mannose and mannuronic acid donors represent more robust glycosylation systems in terms of diastereoselectivity. The change in stereoselectivity with decreasing acceptor nucleophilicity is related to a change in reaction mechanism shifting from the SN2 side to the SN1 side of the reactivity spectrum. Carbohydrate acceptors are examined and the reactivity-selectivity profile of these nucleophiles mirrored those of the model acceptors studied. The set of model ethanol acceptors thus provides a simple and effective "toolbox" to investigate glycosylation reaction mechanisms and report on the robustness of glycosylation protocols.
Collapse
|
79
|
Paul-Boncour V, Guillot M, Isnard O, Ouladdiaf B, Hoser A, Hansen T, Stuesser N. Interplay between crystal and magnetic structures in YFe2(HαD1−α)4.2 compounds studied by neutron diffraction. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
80
|
Reimer T, Dempster T, Wargelius A, Fjelldal PG, Hansen T, Glover KA, Solberg MF, Swearer SE. Rapid growth causes abnormal vaterite formation in farmed fish otoliths. J Exp Biol 2017; 220:2965-2969. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.148056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sagittal otoliths are essential components of the sensory organs that enable all teleost fish to hear and maintain balance, and are primarily composed of calcium carbonate. A deformity, where aragonite (the normal crystal form) is replaced with vaterite, was first noted over 50 years ago but its underlying cause is unresolved. We evaluated the prevalence of vateritic otoliths from two captive rearing studies which suggested that fast growth, due to environmental rather than genetic control, led to vaterite development. We then tested this by varying light and temperature to create phenotypes with different growth rates, which resulted in fast growers (5x larger) having 3 times more vaterite than slow growers. A decrease in either the ratio of otolith matrix proteins (otolin-1/OMM-64) or [Ca2+]/[CO32–] may explain why fast growth causes vaterite deposition. As vaterite decreases hearing sensitivity, reducing growth rates in hatcheries may improve the welfare of farmed fish and increase the success of conservation efforts.
Collapse
|
81
|
Brahmania M, Brouwer WP, Hansen T, Mazzulli T, Feld J, Wong D, Kowgier M, Janssen HLA. Prevalence and risk factors for viral blipping in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleos (t) ide analogues. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:1003-1008. [PMID: 27502526 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The clinical relevance of viral blipping during nucleos (t) ide analogue (NA) treatment is unclear in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We investigated the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes for those with viral blipping during NA treatment. A retrospective cohort study investigated consecutively treated CHB patients from May 2008 to February 2015 on the NAs such as entecavir (ETV), tenofovir (TDF) and lamivudine (LAM). Included patients were previously treatment naive. Viral blipping was defined as serum HBV DNA >20 IU/mL on one occasion, and not >200 IU/mL, with subsequent measurement returning to undetectable levels, that is <20 IU/mL. A total of 242 treatment-compliant CHB patients were included with 44 (18.2%) experiencing viral blipping. In multivariable Cox regression, Asian race (HR=7.40, 95% CI 1.01-54.29, P<.049), LAM therapy (vs ETV/TDF, HR=2.53, 95% CI 1.29-4.95, P<.007), higher creatinine (per SD, HR=1.47, 95% CI 1.21-1.79, P<.001), HBeAg positivity (HR=2.68, 95% CI 1.39-5.03, P<.003) and longer time to achieve undetectable HBV DNA (per month, HR=1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P=.001) were associated with an increased risk of viral blipping. Viral blipping did not show any significant association with viral breakthrough, HBsAg loss, ALT flares or disease progression. Viral blipping is a frequent event during NA therapy; however, it did not lead to any clinically significant outcomes. Thus, it may not require more frequent blood work and patient visits in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
82
|
Trier C, Fonvig CE, Bøjsøe C, Mollerup PM, Gamborg M, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Holm JC. No influence of sugar, snacks and fast food intake on the degree of obesity or treatment effect in childhood obesity. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:506-512. [PMID: 26909660 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased consumption of sweetened beverages has previously been linked to the degree of childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess whether the intake of sweetened beverages, candy, snacks or fast food at baseline in a multidisciplinary childhood obesity treatment program was associated with the baseline degree of obesity or the treatment effect. METHODS This prospective study included 1349 overweight and obese children (body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI SDS) ≥ 1.64) enrolled in treatment at The Children's Obesity Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbaek. The children were evaluated at baseline and after up to 5.9 years of treatment (median 1.3 years). RESULTS Both boys and girls decreased their BMI SDS during treatment with a mean decrease in boys of 0.35 (p < 0.0001) and in girls of 0.22 (p < 0.0001) after 1 year of treatment. There were no associations between the baseline intake of sweetened beverages, candy, snacks, and/or fast food and BMI SDS at baseline or the change in BMI SDS during treatment. CONCLUSIONS The intake of sweetened beverages, candy, snacks or fast food when entering a childhood obesity treatment program was not associated with the degree of obesity at baseline or the degree of weight loss during treatment.
Collapse
|
83
|
Burgdorf KS, Felsted N, Mikkelsen S, Nielsen MH, Thørner LW, Pedersen OB, Sørensen E, Nielsen KR, Bruun MT, Werge T, Erikstrup C, Hansen T, Ullum H. Digital questionnaire platform in the Danish Blood Donor Study. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 135:101-104. [PMID: 27586483 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Danish Blood Donor Study (DBDS) is a prospective, population-based study and biobank. Since 2010, 100,000 Danish blood donors have been included in the study. Prior to July 2015 all participating donors had to complete a paper-based questionnaire. Here we describe the establishment of a digital tablet-based questionnaire platform implemented in blood bank sites across Denmark. METHODS The digital questionnaire was developed using the open source survey software tool LimeSurvey. The participants accesses the questionnaire online with a standard SSL encrypted HTTP connection using their personal civil registration numbers. The questionnaire is placed at a front-end web server and a collection server retrieves the completed questionnaires. Data from blood samples, register data, genetic data and verification of signed informed consent are then transferred to and merged with the questionnaire data in the DBDS database. RESULTS The digital platform enables personalized questionnaires, presenting only questions relevant to the specific donor by hiding unneeded follow-up questions on screening question results. New versions of questionnaires are immediately available at all blood collection facilities when new projects are initiated. CONCLUSION The digital platform is a faster, cost-effective and more flexible solution to collect valid data from participating donors compared to paper-based questionnaires. The overall system can be used around the world by the use of Internet connection, but the level of security depends on the sensitivity of the data to be collected.
Collapse
|
84
|
Nissen A, Fonvig CE, Chabanova E, Bøjsøe C, Trier C, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Thomsen HS, Holm JC. 1H-MRS measured ectopic fat in liver and muscle is associated with the metabolic syndrome in Danish girls but not in boys with overweight and obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2016; 2:376-384. [PMID: 28090342 PMCID: PMC5192542 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complication to overweight and obesity, which can be observed already in childhood. Ectopic lipid accumulation in muscle and liver has been shown to associate with the development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Thus, the interaction between MetS and ectopic fat may offer clinical relevance. Objectives To investigate the prevalence of MetS, or components hereof, and ectopic fat accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle tissue in children, as well as interactions between these. Methods Two‐hundred‐and‐sixteen children and adolescents (95 boys) with overweight/obesity were investigated, as well as 47 controls (22 boys) with normal weight. The assessments included anthropometry, fasting blood biochemistry and blood pressure measurements. Liver and muscle lipid contents were assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results We observed an odds ratio in girls with overweight/obesity of 12.2 (95% confidence interval: [3.8; 49.0]) for exhibiting MetS when hepatic steatosis was present, whereas no association was observed in boys with overweight/obesity (odds ratio 0.7 [0.2; 2.7]). The odds ratio of exhibiting MetS in the presence of muscular steatosis was 3.5 [1.4; 9.5] in girls with overweight/obesity and 1.0 [0.2; 5.6] in boys with overweight/obesity. Similar results were seen for girls with overweight/obesity exhibiting concurrent hepatic and muscular steatoses. Conclusion Hepatic and muscular steatoses were associated with MetS among girls, but not among boys with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
|
85
|
Creutzenberg O, Hansen T, Sven S, Thomas T, Jan K. Method for identification of low soluble, biopersistent dusts (GBS). Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
86
|
Schwotzer D, Niehof M, Hansen T, Tillmann T, Ernst H, Creutzenberg O. Toxicity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles – Effects from a 90-day inhalation study. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
87
|
Hansen T, Tang O, Figtree G, Bubb K, Sweadner K. FXYD1 is an Endogenous Protector Against Redox-Mediated Vascular Dysfunction. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
88
|
Cohen E, Hansen T, Itzhaki N. From entanglement witness to generalized Catalan numbers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30232. [PMID: 27461089 PMCID: PMC4962043 DOI: 10.1038/srep30232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Being extremely important resources in quantum information and computation, it is vital to efficiently detect and properly characterize entangled states. We analyze in this work the problem of entanglement detection for arbitrary spin systems. It is demonstrated how a single measurement of the squared total spin can probabilistically discern separable from entangled many-particle states. For achieving this goal, we construct a tripartite analogy between the degeneracy of entanglement witness eigenstates, tensor products of SO(3) representations and classical lattice walks with special constraints. Within this framework, degeneracies are naturally given by generalized Catalan numbers and determine the fraction of states that are decidedly entangled and also known to be somewhat protected against decoherence. In addition, we introduce the concept of a “sterile entanglement witness”, which for large enough systems detects entanglement without affecting much the system’s state. We discuss when our proposed entanglement witness can be regarded as a sterile one.
Collapse
|
89
|
Hansen T, Skytthe A, Stenager E, Petersen HC, Brønnum-Hansen H, Kyvik KO. Concordance for multiple sclerosis in Danish twins: an update of a nationwide study. Mult Scler 2016; 11:504-10. [PMID: 16193885 DOI: 10.1191/1352458505ms1220oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in twins has not previously been studied in complete nationwide data sets. The existence of almost complete MS and twin registries in Denmark ensures that essentially unbiased samples of MS cases among twins can be obtained. In this population-based study, virtually all Danish MS cases among twins born before 1983 with onset of MS after 1948 and diagnosis before 1 January 1997 were identified. Of 13 286 MS cases, 178 were twins and, of these 164 twin pairs were discordant and seven were concordant. We found significantly higher proband-wise concordance among monozygotic twins than dizygotic twins, with estimated proband-wise concordances of 24% (95% confidence interval (CI): 5-39%) for monozygotic and 3% (95% CI: 0-8%) for dizygotic twins. Thus, a monozygotic twin whose co-twin has MS has a 24% risk of developing the disease, while the corresponding risk for a dizygotic twin is only 3%. Our results largely confirm previously published concordance estimates and indicate that genetic factors are of importance in susceptibility to MS.
Collapse
|
90
|
Hansen T, Weckesser M, Schäfers M, Gunnemann A. [Uncommon manifestation of prostate cancer : Sister Mary Joseph's nodule]. Urologe A 2016; 56:50-53. [PMID: 27272004 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-016-0130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on the case of an 81-year-old man suffering from prostate cancer for several years. In recent months, PSA levels increased, and 68Ga-PSMA-PET-CT (PSMA: prostate-specific membrane antigen) imaging demonstrated suspicious lesions in the paravesical area and an umbilical tumor mass. Local excision was performed. Histologically, the tumor mass was diagnosed as metastasis of the prostate cancer, which is also designated as Sister Mary Joseph's nodule. Umbilical metastases of primary prostate cancer are extremely rare; however, they are of clinical importance since they are commonly associated with tumor progress and with a particularly poor prognosis.
Collapse
|
91
|
Hansen T, Titze U, Deeb A, Eikötter B, Schütz M, Schildhaus HU. [Sarcoma of the spleen with MDM2 expression]. DER PATHOLOGE 2016; 37:367-70. [PMID: 27271257 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-016-0168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Primary sarcomas and sarcoma metastases are a rarity in the spleen. We report on the case of a 69-year-old male patient presenting with unclear abdominal symptoms and computed tomography (CT) revealed a tumor mass in the spleen. Histologically the tumor mass predominantly showed features of a spindle cell sarcoma with lymphoid infiltrates. The expression and amplification of MDM2 could be demonstrated by means of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, staging examinations did not reveal indications of any other primary tumors. These preliminary findings were suggestive of a dedifferentiated liposarcoma; however, in the further diagnostic work-up the tumor showed strong expression of CD21 and CD23 and was ultimately diagnosed as a follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS). The case emphasizes that MDM2 expression represents a possible pitfall in the diagnosis of spindle cell tumors. The differential diagnostic distinction between FDCS and a dedifferentiated liposarcoma is discussed.
Collapse
|
92
|
Husemoen LLN, Skaaby T, Thuesen BH, Grarup N, Sandholt CH, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Linneberg A. Mendelian randomisation study of the associations of vitamin B12 and folate genetic risk scores with blood pressure and fasting serum lipid levels in three Danish population-based studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:613-9. [PMID: 26908422 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim was to examine the association of genetic risk scores (GRSs) of vitamin B12 and folate-associated variants with blood pressure and lipids. SUBJECTS/METHODS The study included 12 532 adults from three population-based studies (Inter99, Health2006 and Dan-MONICA10) conducted in Denmark. GRSs were calculated by summarising the number of vitamin B12 and folate increasing alleles. Weighted GRSs were calculated as the sum of weights for each allele corresponding to genetic effects sizes. RESULTS GRSs for serum vitamin B12 and folate were associated with serum vitamin B12 and folate, respectively. The β coefficients (95% confidence interval (CI), P-value) for regression of log-transformed serum B12/folate on the weighted GRSs were 0.57 (0.54, 0.61), P<0.001 and 0.85 (0.70, 1.01), P<0.01. No associations were observed between the vitamin B12 GRSs and any of the blood pressure and lipid-related outcomes in the combined analyses. Increasing number of folate increasing alleles was associated with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations (β coefficient (95% CI, P-value) for regression of log-transformed HDL on the weighted GRSs, 0.081 (0.015, 0.148), P=0.017), but not with blood pressure, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS GRSs were not associated with blood pressure and lipid levels, except for an association between the GRS for folate and HDL cholesterol. Further studies are needed to determine whether a causal association between folate and HDL cholesterol exists.
Collapse
|
93
|
|
94
|
|
95
|
Karlsen M, Jonsson R, Brun JG, Appel S, Hansen T. TLR-7 and -9 Stimulation of Peripheral Blood B Cells Indicate Altered TLR Signalling in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients by Increased Secretion of Cytokines. Scand J Immunol 2015; 82:523-31. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
96
|
Fumagalli M, Moltke I, Grarup N, Racimo F, Bjerregaard P, Jorgensen ME, Korneliussen TS, Gerbault P, Skotte L, Linneberg A, Christensen C, Brandslund I, Jorgensen T, Huerta-Sanchez E, Schmidt EB, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Albrechtsen A, Nielsen R. Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation. Science 2015; 349:1343-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
97
|
Brahe LK, Le Chatelier E, Prifti E, Pons N, Kennedy S, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Astrup A, Ehrlich SD, Larsen LH. Specific gut microbiota features and metabolic markers in postmenopausal women with obesity. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e159. [PMID: 26075636 PMCID: PMC4491860 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2015.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbial gene richness and specific bacterial species are associated with metabolic risk markers in humans, but the impact of host physiology and dietary habits on the link between the gut microbiota and metabolic markers remain unclear. The objective of this study was to identify gut metagenomic markers associated with estimates of insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and inflammation in obesity, and to explore whether the associations between metagenomic and metabolic markers persisted after adjustment for body fat, age and habitual dietary intake. METHODS Faecal DNA from 53 women with obesity was analysed through quantitative metagenomic sequencing and analysis, and a systematic search was performed for bacterial genes associated with estimates of insulin resistance, inflammation and lipid metabolism. Subsequently, the correlations between metagenomic species and metabolic markers were tested by linear regression models, with and without covariate adjustment. RESULTS One hundred and fourteen metagenomic species correlated with metabolic markers (P<0.001) including Akkermansia muciniphila, Bilophila wadsworthia, Bifidobacterium longum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, but also species not previously associated with metabolic markers including Bacteroides faecis and Dorea longicatena. The majority of the identified correlations between bacterial species and metabolic markers persisted after adjustment for differences in body fat, age and dietary macronutrient composition; however, the negative correlation with insulin resistance observed for B. longum and F. prausnitzii appeared to be modified by the intake of dietary fibre and fat, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that several gut bacterial species are linked to metabolic risk markers in obesity, also after adjustment for potential confounders, such as long-term diet composition. The study supports the use of gut metagenomic markers for metabolic disease prediction and warrants further investigation of causality.
Collapse
|
98
|
Hansen T, Olsen D, Sørensen F, Jakobsen A. P-238 Circulating epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 of prognostic importance in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv233.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
99
|
Fonvig C, Pihl A, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Holm JC. The role of gut microbiota in childhood obesity. A review of evidence and perspectives. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
100
|
Fonvig C, Chabanova E, Andersson E, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Thomsen H, Holm JC. 1H MRS measured ectopic fat in liver and muscle in Danish lean and obese children and youths. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|