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Wilson T, Gannaway JN, Johnson P. A scanning optical microscope for the inspection of semiconductor materials and devices. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1980.tb00278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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81
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Hamilton DK, Sheppard CJR, Wilson T. Improved imaging of phase gradients in scanning optical microscopy. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1984.tb02533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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82
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Bigot B, Lee WJ, McIntyre L, Wilson T, Hudson JA, Billington C, Heinemann JA. Control of Listeria monocytogenes growth in a ready-to-eat poultry product using a bacteriophage. Food Microbiol 2011; 28:1448-52. [PMID: 21925027 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A bacteriophage (phage) that infected strains of the species Listeria monocytogenes as well as Listeria ivanovii and Listeria welshimeri, but not Listeria grayi or Listeria innocua, was isolated from sheep faeces. The phage had a contractile tail and an icosohedral head indicating that it was a myovirus, and was morphologically similar to phage A511. At 30 °C, phages added at 5.2 × 10⁷ PFU ml⁻¹ prevented the growth in broth of L. monocytogenes present at approximately twice this concentration for 7 h, but re-growth occurred such that the concentration after 24 h incubation was similar in both control and phage-treated cultures. At the same temperature, but on the surface of vacuum-packed ready-to-eat chicken breast roll, there was an immediate 2.5 log₁₀ CFU cm⁻² reduction in pathogen concentration following addition of phages and then re-growth. However, at a temperature reflecting that at which a chilled food might be held (5 °C), this re-growth was prevented over 21 days incubation. The data suggest a dose-dependent rapid reduction in pathogen concentration followed by no continued phage-mediated effect. These results, alongside other published data, indicate that a high concentration of phages per unit area is required to ensure significant inactivation of target pathogens on food surfaces.
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Cuyugan MG, Mulugeta W, Thabolingam-Haridas M, Wilson T, Augenbraun M, Elsassy T, Cerniglia B. P2-S4.06 Knowledge of HSV-2 serostatus in asymptomatic adults may result in change in sexual behaviour and possible risk reduction. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hawthorn DG, He F, Venema L, Davis H, Achkar AJ, Zhang J, Sutarto R, Wadati H, Radi A, Wilson T, Wright G, Shen KM, Geck J, Zhang H, Novák V, Sawatzky GA. An in-vacuum diffractometer for resonant elastic soft x-ray scattering. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:073104. [PMID: 21806169 DOI: 10.1063/1.3607438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design, construction, and performance of a 4-circle in-vacuum diffractometer for resonant elastic soft x-ray scattering. The diffractometer, installed on the resonant elastic and inelastic x-ray scattering beamline at the Canadian Light Source, includes 9 in-vacuum motions driven by in-vacuum stepper motors and operates in ultra-high vacuum at base pressure of 2 × 10(-10) Torr. Cooling to a base temperature of 18 K is provided with a closed-cycle cryostat. The diffractometer includes a choice of 3 photon detectors: a photodiode, a channeltron, and a 2D sensitive channelplate detector. Along with variable slit and filter options, these detectors are suitable for studying a wide range of phenomena having both weak and strong diffraction signals. Example measurements of diffraction and reflectivity in Nd-doped (La,Sr)(2)CuO(4) and thin film (Ga,Mn)As are shown.
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Wilson T, Sahu A. The use of wedges for improving visualisation of the joint space in wrist radiographs. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011. [PMID: 21477445 PMCID: PMC3291148 DOI: 10.1308/003588411x12851639107395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Wilson T, Sahu A. The use of wedges for improving visualisation of the joint space in wrist radiographs. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011; 93:256. [DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2011.93.3.256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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87
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Wilson T. Locomotor Ataxy occurring in a Young Woman; Tabetic Arthropathy with Dislocation of both Hips; Six Pregnancies occurring in the course of the Disease. Med Chir Trans 2011; 80:1-16. [PMID: 20896888 DOI: 10.1177/095952879708000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wilson T. The Curative Effect of Chloral in Two Cases of Albuminuria. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2011; 2:1247. [PMID: 20750435 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.1147.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Maiti A, Weisgraber T, Dinh LN, Gee RH, Wilson T, Chinn S, Maxwell RS. Controlled manipulation of elastomers with radiation: Insights from multiquantum nuclear-magnetic-resonance data and mechanical measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:031802. [PMID: 21517517 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Filled and cross-linked elastomeric rubbers are versatile network materials with a multitude of applications ranging from artificial organs and biomedical devices to cushions, coatings, adhesives, interconnects, and seismic-isolation, thermal, and electrical barriers. External factors such as mechanical stress, temperature fluctuations, or radiation are known to create chemical changes in such materials that can directly affect the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the polymer between cross-links and alter the structural and mechanical properties. From a materials science point of view it is highly desirable to understand, affect, and manipulate such property changes in a controlled manner. Unfortunately, that has not yet been possible due to the lack of experimental characterization of such networks under controlled environments. In this work we expose a known rubber material to controlled dosages of γ radiation and utilize a newly developed multiquantum nuclear-magnetic-resonance technique to characterize the MWD as a function of radiation. We show that such data along with mechanical stress-strain measurements are amenable to accurate analysis by simple network models and yield important insights into radiation-induced molecular-level processes.
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Podratz K, Dowdy S, Bakkum-Gamez J, Weaver A, McGree M, Cliby W, Gostout B, Wilson T, Keeney G, Mariani A. Impact of episodic transparent quality assessment on the staging of endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Haug AK, Wilson T, Larsen MS, Lauritsen JM. Level of undertriage in a well established Trauma Registry in Denmark. Inj Prev 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Smith CW, Botcherby EJ, Wilson T. Resolution of oblique-plane images in sectioning microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:2662-2669. [PMID: 21369087 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.002662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Live biological specimens exhibit time-varying behavior on the microscale in all three dimensions. Although scanning confocal and two-photon microscopes are able to record three-dimensional image stacks through these specimens, they do so at relatively low speeds which limits the time resolution of the biological processes that can be observed. One way to improve the data acquisition rate is to image only the regions of a specimen that are of interest and so researchers have recently begun to acquire two-dimensional images of inclined planes or surfaces extending significantly into the z-direction. As the resolution is not uniform in x, y and z, the images possess non-isotropic resolution. We explore this theoretically and show that images of an oblique plane may contain spectral content that could not have been generated by specimen features lying wholly within the plane but must instead arise from a spatial variation in another direction. In some cases we find that the image contains frequencies three times higher than the resolution limit for in-plane features. We confirm this finding through numerical simulations and experiments on a novel, oblique-plane imaging system and suggest that care be taken in the interpretation of such images.
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Wilson T, Saldin D, Solymar L. Phase Conjugation by Degenerate Four-wave Mixing a General Two-dimensional Theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713820963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Heaton J, Mills P, Paige E, Solymar L, Wilson T. Diffraction Efficiency and Angular Selectivity of Volume Phase Holograms Recorded in Photorefractive Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713821584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Khan S, Wilson T, Ahmed J, Owais A, MacFie J. Quality of life and patient satisfaction with enhanced recovery protocols. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12:1175-82. [PMID: 19594603 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.01997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the influence of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols and health related quality of life (HQoL) and patient satisfaction. METHOD A systematic review of the literature from January 1990 to February 2009 was undertaken. Studies were included if they compared HQoL and/or patient satisfaction after ERAS and conventional surgery (CS). Jadad score was used to evaluate the studies. Results were divided into immediate (first week), early (second to third week) and late (more than 30 days after surgery) post-operative phases. A meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the studies. RESULTS Ten publications were included in the final analysis. In the first week after surgery, two non-randomised trials found reduced fatigue and another 2 non-randomised studies found reduced pain with ERAS. One randomised study found increased emotional distress on SF36 in ERAS patients. At two to three weeks after surgery, none of the multidimensional HQoL measures showed any differences. Increased fatigue was reported with CS in 2 studies. Limitations in activities of daily living were more marked after CS in one study. Beyond 30 days after surgery, none of the HQoL measures showed any differences. Only one non-randomised study compared patient satisfaction after ERAS and CS and no difference was found. CONCLUSION There is no evidence that ERAS adversely affect HQoL or patient satisfaction. Certain aspects of HQoL such as pain and fatigue may improve with ERAS. Further research is required, especially in the early post-operative period.
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Abstract
We review the origins of optical sectioning in fluorescence microscopy in terms of the structure of the illumination used to generate the fluorescence within the specimen. We note that the conventional microscope using essentially uniform illumination does not exhibit optical sectioning whereas the confocal microscope using point (many spatial frequencies) illumination does. We show that the optical sectioning strength of a confocal microscope is not optimal and discuss the advantages of using a single spatial frequency for the structure of the illumination and the detection. In this case the optical sectioning strength is shown to be up to 25% narrower than in the ideal confocal case.
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Sheppard C, Wilson T. Image Formation in Scanning Microscopes with Partially Coherent Source and Detector. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713819784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wilson T, Sheppard C. Imaging and Super-resolution in the Harmonic Microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713820057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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100
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Sheppard C, Wilson T. Multiple Traversing of the Object in the Scanning Microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713820284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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