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Huge critical current density and tailored superconducting anisotropy in SmFeAsO₀.₈F₀.₁₅ by low-density columnar-defect incorporation. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2655. [PMID: 24189627 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-based superconductors could be useful for electricity distribution and superconducting magnet applications because of their relatively high critical current densities and upper critical fields. SmFeAsO₀.₈F₀.₁₅ is of particular interest as it has the highest transition temperature among these materials. Here we show that by introducing a low density of correlated nano-scale defects into this material by heavy-ion irradiation, we can increase its critical current density to up to 2 × 10⁷ A cm⁻² at 5 K--the highest ever reported for an iron-based superconductor--without reducing its critical temperature of 50 K. We also observe a notable reduction in the thermodynamic superconducting anisotropy, from 8 to 4 upon irradiation. We develop a model based on anisotropic electron scattering that predicts that the superconducting anisotropy can be tailored via correlated defects in semimetallic, fully gapped type II superconductors.
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Zinc-finger BED domain-containing 3 (Zbed3) is a novel secreted protein associated with insulin resistance in humans. J Intern Med 2014; 275:522-33. [PMID: 24283382 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that Zbed3 is associated with T2DM. To date, no report has demonstrated a relationship between Zbed3 and insulin resistance in humans, however. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Zbed3 protein is secreted and identify any associations between Zbed3 and insulin resistance in cross-sectional and interventional studies. METHODS We found that Zbed3 protein was secreted in an in vitro secretion study. Plasma Zbed3 levels were determined in an ELISA and were compared with various parameters related to insulin resistance in subjects with NGT, IGT and nT2DM. EHC was performed in healthy subjects. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to assess the mRNA and protein expression of Zbed3. RESULTS Zbed3 was detected in an analysis of in vitro secretion in both conditioned medium and lysates of HEK-293T cells transfected with an overexpressed vector. In a clinical study, there were significantly higher levels of circulating Zbed3 in IGT and nT2DM relative to NGT. Zbed3 levels were positively correlated with BMI, WHR, FAT%, blood pressure, FBG, TG, HbA1c, FIns and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with HDL-C. Increasing levels of Zbed3 were independently associated with IGT and T2DM. Zbed3 mRNA and protein in muscle and fat were significantly elevated in both db/db mice and T2DM patients. Moreover, there was a concentration-dependent effect of glucose on Zbed3 release, whereas insulin exhibited an inhibitory effect on Zbed3 levels. Zbed3 suppressed insulin-induced IR and Akt phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the Zbed3 protein may be a cytokine associated with insulin resistance in humans that is influenced by glucose and insulin levels.
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Serum anti-lipocalin 2 IgG is a novel biomarker in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 23:868-75. [PMID: 24704774 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314530484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work suggests that lipocalin 2 is involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and that this novel antigen could serve as a high-quality renal biomarker of acute kidney injury in SLE. However, serum lipocalin 2 antibody levels remain unclear. We have therefore undertaken this study to assess the level of serum IgG antibody against lipocalin 2 in different disease states and to evaluate the diagnostic value of this potential biomarker in SLE. METHODS Serum levels of anti-lipocalin IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA in 103 SLE patients, 93 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, 29 primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, 13 systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, and 91 healthy controls. Diagnostic properties of anti-lipocalin IgG were determined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The level of serum anti-lipocalin IgG in patients with SLE was significantly higher than in patients with RA, pSS, SSc, or healthy controls (p < 0.05), effectively distinguishing SLE from other conditions with high sensitivity and specificity (49.5% and 90.7%, respectively). In ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) is 0.783, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) extending from 0.729 to 0.839. Anti-lipocalin antibodies were present in 48.1% of anti-Sm-negative SLE patients, and also occurred in SLE patients lacking anti-dsDNA (52%) or anti-nucleosome antibodies (46.3%) antibodies. Finally, SLE patients with positive anti-lipocalin IgG possessed higher levels of IgA and CRP than the negative group (p < 0.05), clearly demonstrating a positive correlation between anti-lipocalin IgG and these laboratory parameters. CONCLUSIONS Anti-lipocalin 2 IgG is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of SLE, particularly when obtained in conjunction with anti-Sm, anti-dsDNA, and anti-nucleosome antibody levels.
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Possible involvement of cathepsin B/D and caspase-3 in deferoxamine-related neuroprotection of early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2014; 40:270-83. [PMID: 24117543 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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An Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviour of a Concrete and of its Permeability Under Deviatoric Loading. Transp Porous Media 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-014-0284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is common in developed countries and is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. T deficiency is a risk factor for developing these metabolic deficiencies, but its role in hepatic steatosis has not been well studied. We investigated the effects of T on the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Adult male rats were randomly placed into four groups and treated for 15 weeks: intact rats on regular chow diet (RCD), intact rats on liquid HFD (I+HFD), castrated rats on HFD (C+HFD), and castrated rats with T replacement on HFD (C+HFD+T). Fat contributed 71% energy to the HFD but only 16% of energy to the RCD. Serum T level was undetectable in castrated rats, and T replacement led to 2-fold higher mean serum T levels than in intact rats. C+HFD rats gained less weight but had higher percentage body fat than C+HFD+T. Severe micro- and macrovesicular fat accumulated in hepatocytes with multiple inflammatory foci in the livers of C+HFD. I+HFD and C+HFD+T hepatocytes demonstrated only mild to moderate microvesicular steatosis. T replacement attenuated HFD-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in castrated rats. Serum glucose and insulin levels were not increased with HFD in any group. Immunoblots showed that insulin-regulated proteins were not changed in any group. This study demonstrates that T deficiency may contribute to the severity of hepatic steatosis and T may play a protective role in hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development without insulin resistance.
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Irradiation after surgery for breast cancer patients with primary tumours and one to three positive axillary lymph nodes: yes or no? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:e585-92. [PMID: 24311960 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathologic features and survival in breast cancer patients who had T1 or T2 primary tumours and 1-3 histologically involved axillary lymph nodes and who were treated with modified radical mastectomy without adjuvant radiotherapy (rt). We also explored prognosis to find the high- and low-risk groups. RESULTS From May 2001 to April 2005, 368 patients treated at Tianjin Tumor Hospital met the study criteria. The 5- and 8-year rates were 7.2% and 10.7% for locoregional recurrence (lrr), 85.1% and 77.7% for disease-free survival (dfs), and 92.8% and 89.3% for overall survival (os). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, tumour size, estrogen receptor (er) status, and lymphovascular invasion (lvi) were independent prognostic factors for lrr and dfs. Based on 4 patient-related factors that indicate poor prognosis (age < 40 years, tumour > 3 cm, er negativity, and lvi), the high-risk group (patients with 3 or 4 factors, accounting for 12.5% of the cohort) had 5- and 8-year rates of 24.3% and 36.9% for lrr, 57.2% and 39.2% for dfs, and 74.8% and 43.8% for os compared with 5.0% and 7.1% for lrr, 88.9% and 83.1% for dfs, 91.6% and 83.4% for os in the low-risk group (patients with 0-2 factors, accounting for 87.5% of the cohort; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified several risk factors that correlated independently with a greater incidence of lrr and distant metastasis in patients with T1 and T2 breast cancer and 1-3 positive nodes. Patients with 0-2 risk factors may not be likely to benefit from post-mastectomy rt, but patients with 3-4 risk factors may need rt to optimize locoregional control and improve survival.
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Death-associated protein-3, DAP-3, correlates with preoperative chemotherapy effectiveness and prognosis of gastric cancer patients following perioperative chemotherapy and radical gastrectomy. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:421-9. [PMID: 24300973 PMCID: PMC3899757 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: DAP3 is a member of the death-associated protein (DAP) family and is characterised by proapoptotic function. It is involved in both exogenous and endogenous apoptotic pathways. In our previous studies, apoptotic level was found to be correlated with the effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy. The effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy was also associated with the overall effectiveness of the combined therapy and prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of DAP3 in the evaluation of preoperative chemotherapy effectiveness and its ability to predict prognosis in gastric cancer. Methods: Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry staining were performed in 87 patients who received combined therapy. Knockdown of DAP3 was conducted in gastric cancer cell lines to investigate its impact on cell growth, migration, adhesion and invasion. Tolerance to chemotherapy agents was determined by assessing apoptosis and caspase-3. Results: Higher DAP3 expression in gastric tumours was correlated with better prognosis. Knockdown of DAP3 expression promoted cell migration and enhanced resistance to chemotherapy by inhibiting apoptosis. Conclusion: DAP3 is a potential molecular marker for response to preoperative chemotherapy and for predicting prognosis in gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gastrectomy.
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160
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Serum C3 levels are associated with the clinical manifestations and disease activity of microscopic polyangiitis. Mol Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) is a chronic fibrotic disease of gluteal muscles due to multiple etiologies. The main pathologic process is characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix of the muscle. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid and has been reported to be associated with various fibrotic diseases. However, the role of S1P in GMC remains unknown. Here in this article, High-performance liquid chromatography and immunohistochemistry were applied to evaluate S1P localization and expression in clinical samples from patients with GMC, Quantitative real time PCR, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to explore the link between transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and S1P. The results showed that S1P was enhanced in contraction band (CB) tissues. Studies using the cell proliferation and transformation assay indicated that exogenous S1P stimulated CB fibroblast proliferation in a time-dependent manner and in higher concentration also in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that S1P not only promoted collagen type I production, but also up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. These findings suggest that S1P may regulate increased synthesis of collagen and other fibrogenic factors, and significantly contributes to the process of gluteal muscle scarring in patients with GMC.
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Toll-like receptor alterations in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia 2013; 27:1832-40. [PMID: 23765228 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated the innate immunity system in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes encode key innate immunity signal initiators. We recently identified multiple genes, known to be regulated by TLRs, to be overexpressed in MDS bone marrow (BM) CD34+ cells, and hypothesized that TLR signaling is abnormally activated in MDS. We analyzed a large cohort of MDS cases and identified TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 to be significantly overexpressed in MDS BM CD34+ cells. Deep sequencing followed by Sanger resequencing of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 genes uncovered a recurrent genetic variant, TLR2-F217S, in 11% of 149 patients. Functionally, TLR2-F217S results in enhanced activation of downstream signaling including NF-κB activity after TLR2 agonist treatment. In cultured primary BM CD34+ cells of normal donors, TLR2 agonists induced histone demethylase JMJD3 and interleukin-8 gene expression. Inhibition of TLR2 in BM CD34+ cells from patients with lower-risk MDS using short hairpin RNA resulted in increased erythroid colony formation. Finally, RNA expression levels of TLR2 and TLR6, as well as presence of TLR2-F217S, are associated with distinct prognosis and clinical characteristics. These findings indicate that TLR2-centered signaling is deregulated in MDS, and that its targeting may have potential therapeutic benefit in MDS.
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SU-E-T-322: Evaluation of Total Body Irradiation Technique Using 20 Diodes In-Vivo Dosimetry System. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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165
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SU-E-T-331: Dose Comparison of IVD2 Measurement and Eclipse Treatment Planning Calculation for Whole Brain Irradiation. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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The cytoprotective peptide humanin is induced and neutralizes Bax after pro-apoptotic stress in the rat testis. Andrology 2013; 1:651-9. [PMID: 23686888 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the mitochondria-derived cytoprotective peptide humanin (HN), when administered intratesticularly to rats, rescues germ cells from apoptosis secondary to testicular stress of hormonal deprivation induced by gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-A). To decipher the cellular mechanisms of HN action in the amelioration of GnRH-A-induced germ cell apoptosis, adult male rats received the following treatments for 5 days: (i) daily intratesticular (IT) injections with saline (control); (ii) a single subcutaneous injection of GnRH-A on Day 1 and daily IT injection of saline; (iii) daily IT injection of synthetic HN; and (iv) GnRH-A injection on Day 1 and daily IT injection of HN (GnRH-A+HN). HN alone had no effect on germ cell apoptosis. GnRH-A increased germ cell apoptosis and BAX in the testicular mitochondrial fractions. Synthetic HN decreased germ cell apoptosis induced by GnRH-A and BAX in the mitochondria. We deduced that the cytoprotective action of synthetic HN on GnRH-A-induced germ cell apoptosis was mediated by attenuating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and increasing STAT3 phosphorylation. The effect of synthetic HN on the expression of endogenous rat HN in the testis was studied using rat HN specific antibody. GnRH-A treatment increased, but concomitant treatment with synthetic HN reduced endogenous rat HN expression in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions in testis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the increased rat HN was physically associated with BAX in the cytosolic testicular fractions after GnRH-A treatment. Double-immunofluorescence staining confirmed the co-localization of BAX and rat HN in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and spermatocytes after GnRH-A treatment. We conclude that the cytoprotective effect of exogenously administered synthetic HN is mediated by interactions of endogenous rat HN with BAX in the cytoplasm preventing the entry of BAX to the mitochondria to govern the fate of germ cell survival or death during pro-apoptotic stress to the testis in rats.
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Serum level of soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 in renal allograft recipients with acute rejection: a preliminary study. Transplant Proc 2013. [PMID: 23195010 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (sfgl2), which is mainly secreted by T cells, is a novel effector of regulatory T cells with immunosuppressive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of sfgl2 among renal allograft recipients. METHODS From November 2010 to August 2011 we retrospectively divided 47 renal allograft recipients into an acute rejection (n = 19) versus a stable group (n = 28) according to allograft biopsy results, using the Banff 2007 classification. The acute rejection group was subdivided into grade I (n = 8) versus grade II T-cell-mediated (n = 6) or antibody-mediated rejection episodes (n = 5). Peripheral blood samples were collected at the time of biopsy. Fourteen healthy volunteers were included as normal group controls. Serum levels of sfgl2 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Serum levels of sfgl2 were increased among renal allograft recipients suffering from biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes (61.91 ± 45.68 ng/mL), versus those with stable allografts (38.59 ± 19.92 ng/mL, P < .05) or healthy volunteers (29.10 ± 18.08 ng/mL, P < .05). The sfgl2 level was significantly higher among patients with antibody-mediated (118.48 ± 55.54 ng/mL) than T-cell-mediated acute rejection episodes (41.71 ± 16.44 ng/mL, P < .01). Serum sfgl2 levels were remarkably elevated in patients with grade II (51.87 ± 19.13 ng/mL) versus grade I T-cell-mediated rejection (34.10 ± 9.26 ng/mL, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Serum sfgl2 levels were increased among renal allograft recipients with acute rejection episodes to an extent dependent upon the pathological type and severity of the response.
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Confirming QTLs and Finding Additional Loci Responsible for Resistance to Rice Sheath Blight Disease. PLANT DISEASE 2013; 97:113-117. [PMID: 30722265 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-12-0466-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. Utilization of host resistance is the most economical and environmentally sound strategy in managing sheath blight (ShB). Ten ShB quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were previously mapped in a Lemont × Jasmine 85 recombinant inbred line (LJRIL) population using greenhouse inoculation methods at an early vegetative stage. However, confirmation of ShB-resistant QTLs under field conditions is critical for their utilization in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for improving ShB resistance in new cultivars. In the present study, we evaluated ShB resistance using 216 LJRILs under field conditions in Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana during 2008 and 2009. We confirmed the presence of the major ShB-QTL qShB9-2 based on the field data and also identified one new ShB-QTL between markers RM221 and RM112 on chromosome 2 across all three locations. Based on the field verification of ShB evaluations, the microchamber and mist-chamber assays were simple, effective, and reliable methods to identify major ShB-QTLs like qShB9-2 in the greenhouse at early vegetative stages. The markers RM215 and RM245 were found to be closely linked to qShB9-2 in greenhouse and field assays, indicating that they will be useful for improving ShB resistance in rice breeding programs using MAS.
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169
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Tin clusters formed by fundamental units: a potential way to assemble tin nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:1831-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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170
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Pharmacokinetics and food interaction of a novel prodrug of tenofovir, tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate, in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharm Ther 2012; 38:136-40. [PMID: 23278367 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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171
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Catalyst-free growth of millimeter-long topological insulator Bi₂Se₃ nanoribbons and the observation of the π-Berry phase. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:6164-9. [PMID: 23126261 DOI: 10.1021/nl302989v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the growth of single-crystalline Bi(2)Se(3) nanoribbons with lengths up to several millimeters via a catalyst-free physical vapor deposition method. Scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that the nanoribbons grow along the (112̅0) direction. We obtain a detailed characterization of the electronic structure of the Bi(2)Se(3) nanoribbons from measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) quantum oscillations. Angular dependent magneto-transport measurements reveal a dominant two-dimensional contribution originating from surface states. The catalyst-free synthesis yields high-purity nanocrystals enabling the observation of a large number of SdH oscillation periods and allowing for an accurate determination of the π-Berry phase, one of the key features of Dirac fermions in topological insulators. The long-length nanoribbons open the possibility for fabricating multiple nanoelectronic devices on a single nanoribbon.
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Condom use, intervention service utilization and HIV knowledge among female sex workers in China: results of three consecutive cross-sectional surveys in Shandong Province with historically low HIV prevalence. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:e23-9. [PMID: 22581891 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heterosexual transmission of HIV through contact with female sex workers (FSWs) is a growing concern for the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China. Using consecutive cross-sectional surveys, we examined the prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), risk behaviours, HIV knowledge and the utilization of intervention services among FSWs in Shandong Province. Of 3460 participants, half reported ever having STI-related symptoms, 57.8% had ≥7 clients in the last week, half reported inconsistent use of condoms with clients and 11.2% reported ever using illicit drugs. Consistent use of condoms with clients was associated with higher education, being 20-24 years of age, being recruited from hotels, having ever received free condoms and was inversely associated with STI-related symptoms. HIV-related knowledge was associated with higher education, ever testing for HIV and inversely associated with self-reported STI-related symptoms. The low rates of condom use, high number and frequent turnover of clients, high prevalence of self-reported STIs and drug use highlight the urgency for more effective intervention in these FSWs.
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Surveillance of Salmonella Prevalence in Animal Feeds and Characterization of the Salmonella Isolates by Serotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2012; 9:692-8. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2011.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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174
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Abstract
It is hypothesized that "cancer stem cells" are responsible for the resistance to chemotherapy of cancer cells in ovarian cancers. The objective of the studies was to explore if the stem cell biomarkers could be used to predict the tumor chemotherapy-resistance in serous ovarian cancer patients. Expression of two putative stem cell markers CD133 and nestin, and vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were detected in 123 cases of advanced serous ovarian cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. To estimate intra-tumoral microvessel density (MVD), CD34 immunostaining was also performed. CD133 and nestin were defined to be positive in 35.0% and 32.5% of the serous ovarian carcinoma tissues, respectively. It was observed that overexpression of nestin but not CD133 was associated with the cisplatin-based chemotherapy resistance and shorter overall survival of the patients, and nestin was found to be an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, positive nestin expression also correlated to increased expression of EGFR and VEGF, and elevated MVD in tumors. The results of this study suggest that serous ovarian cancers with high expression level of nestin represent an aggressive malignant phenotype associated with poor prognosis, and treatment targeted the nestin positive cancer cells might be a promising therapeutic strategy for this subgroups.
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Identification of the rice blast resistance gene Pib in the National Small Grains Collection. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2012; 102:700-6. [PMID: 22667447 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-12-0026-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Pib gene in rice confers resistance to a wide range of races of the rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae, including race IE1k that overcomes Pita, another broad-spectrum resistance gene. In this study, the presence of Pib was determined in 164 rice germplasm accessions from a core subset of the National Small Grains Collection utilizing DNA markers and pathogenicity assays. The presence of Pib was evaluated with two simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and a dominant marker (Pib-dom) derived from the Pib gene sequence. Pathogenicity assays using two avirulent races (IE1k and IB1) and a virulent race (IB54) were performed to verify the resistance responses of accessions. Of the 164 accessions evaluated, 109 contained the Pib gene as determined using both SSR markers and pathogenicity assays, albeit different haplotypes were detected. The remaining 52 germplasm accessions were different in their responses to the blast races IB54, IE1k, and IB1, thus indicating the presence of R gene(s) other than Pib. The accessions characterized in this study could be used for marker-assisted breeding to improve blast resistance in indica and japonica cultivars worldwide.
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Akt1 inhibits homologous recombination in Brca1-deficient cells by blocking the Chk1-Rad51 pathway. Oncogene 2012; 32:1943-9. [PMID: 22665067 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Brca1 deficiency leads to the development of breast cancer. We previously found that Brca1 deficiency activates the Akt oncogenic pathway. Reduced expression of Brca1 was highly correlated with increased activated Akt in human breast cancer samples. Furthermore, activation of Akt1 was involved in Brca1-deficiency-mediated tumorigenesis in mice. Defective homologous recombination (HR) is thought to be a major contributor to tumorigenesis in Brca1 deficiency. Here, we show that Akt1 promotes chromosome instability in Brca1-deficent cells. DNA breaks in Brca1-deficent cells are aberrantly joined into complex chromosome rearrangements by a process dependent on Akt1. Depletion of Akt1 increases HR in Brca1-mutant cells, which is rescued by expression of wild-type, but not mutant Akt1 with deletion of Brca1-binding domain. Mechanistically, activated Akt1 in Brca1-deficient cells impairs Chk1 nuclear localization and subsequently disrupts interaction of Chk1 and Rad51 leading to HR defects. Our results indicate that Brca1 deficiency might activate Akt1 contributing to tumorigenesis through regulation of the Chk1-Rad51 signaling.
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SU-E-T-288: Skin Dose Measurement of Whole Brain with GAFCHROMIC EBT2 Films. Med Phys 2012; 39:3769. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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SU-E-T-230: Field Factor Verification in Small Fields. Med Phys 2012; 39:3756. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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179
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Investigation of the impact of sensitivity to cis-3-hexen-1-ol (green/grassy) on food acceptability and selection. Food Qual Prefer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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180
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IL-4 Controls The Phenotypic Conversion Of Effector Memory CD8+ T Cells To IL-13-Producing Cells That Enhance Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness And Inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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181
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Characterization of a Novel, Potent and Selective Small Molecule Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) Inhibitor in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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182
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Abstract
Various combinations of heat time and relative humidity (RH) were tested for their ability to kill Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae (Psa) the cause of kiwifruit canker on freshly harvested anthers artificially contaminated with this bacterium Pollen viability and Psa survival were tested after treatment Although short durations at high temperatures and high RH did kill Psa these treatments were also lethal to pollen When RH was reduced the time before pollen viability was lost increased but Psa survival was also enhanced The most promising treatment was 35C at a RH of 50 or less at which pollen viability was not affected even after 20 h but Psa did not survive when applied at 106 cfu/ml Modelling suggests that extending the time of treatment would kill higher concentrations of Psa The mechanism for Psa death at 35C is probably by a combination of heat and desiccation
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183
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Creep of thermoplastic polyurethane reinforced with ozone functionalized carbon nanotubes. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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184
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P-1096 - Integration of clinical, psychosocial, cognitive and genetic measures to predict antidepressant treatment outcome in mdd patients: a preliminary clinical study. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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185
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The possibility of using cyanobacterial bloom materials as a medium for white rot fungi. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 54:96-101. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03178.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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186
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187
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Delayed stent implantation following primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients with severe massive thrombus. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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188
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Anisotropy of the Albedo Radiation Environment on the Lunar Surface from GEANT4 Simulations. NUCL TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/nt11-a12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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189
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TH-C-BRB-08: Treatment Verification Using Post-Treatment PET Imaging and Monte Carlo Simulation. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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190
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Evaluation ECMO in adult cardiac transplantation: can outcomes of marginal donor hearts be improved? THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2011; 52:419-427. [PMID: 21499226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study documents our experience with the use of ECMO in adult cardiac transplantation. Furthermore, in an attempt to improve outcomes of donor hearts with long ischemic times (LITs) we evaluated the efficacy of a strategy based on intraoperative ECMO (i-ECMO) circuit extended into postoperative cardiopulmonary support. METHODS From February 2005 to September 2009, 11 patients (i-ECMO group) receiving allografts with LITs >7 hours underwent intraoperative ECMO circuit strategy with routine extension of ECMO into postoperative period. Eleven contemporary patients (s-CPB group) received ECMO support after standard CPB at the various intervals after the transplantation as a salvage therapy. RESULTS Overall weaning rate was 86.4%; overall 30-day and 1-year survival rates were 81.8% and 72.7%, respectively. There was no difference in mortality between the two groups. Length of stay in the intensive care unit, the requirement for packed red blood cells administration and the total in-hospital cost were significantly reduced in i-ECMO group patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The salvage of failing cardiac allograft with ECMO allows effective stabilization of the hemodynamic and leads toward myocardial recovery. Extending ECMO into postoperative period provides early, continues and effective support for donor hearts with LITs and maximizes the use of such marginal organs.
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191
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SU-E-T-681: Patient Dose Distribution Comparison between Monte Carlo Simulation and Treatment Planning System. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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192
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Targeting the Akt/mTOR pathway in Brca1-deficient cancers. Oncogene 2011; 30:2443-50. [PMID: 21242970 PMCID: PMC3107712 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (Brca1) has a key role in both hereditary and sporadic mammary tumorigenesis. However, the reasons why Brca1-deficiency leads to the development of cancer are not clearly understood. Activation of Akt kinase is one of the most common molecular alterations associated with human malignancy. Increased Akt kinase activity has been reported in most breast cancers. We previously found that downregulation of Brca1 expression or mutations of the Brca1 gene activate the Akt oncogenic pathway. To further investigate the role of Brca1/Akt in tumorigenesis, we analyzed Brca1/Akt expression in human breast cancer samples and found that reduced expression of Brca1 was highly correlated with increased phosphorylation of Akt. Consistent with the clinical data, knockdown of Akt1 by short-hairpin RNA inhibited cellular proliferation of Brca1 mutant cells. Importantly, depletion of Akt1 significantly reduced tumor formation induced by Brca1-deficiency in mice. The third generation inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Palomid 529, significantly suppressed Brca1-deficient tumor growth in mice through inhibition of both Akt and mTOR signaling. Our results indicate that activation of Akt is involved in Brca1-deficiency mediated tumorigenesis and that the mTOR pathway can be used as a novel target for treatment of Brca1-deficient cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- BRCA1 Protein/deficiency
- BRCA1 Protein/genetics
- Benzopyrans/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Female
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Signal Transduction
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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193
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Basic FGF Promotes Proliferation of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in the Laying Chickens Via FGFR1 and PKC Pathway. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:135-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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194
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First report of human infection by Rhodoplanes sp., Alphaproteobacteria in China. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2011; 4:248-50. [PMID: 21771463 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We isolated a novel strain of Alphaproteobacteria from a patient, who had medical history of chronic rhinitis for more than twenty years and recently experienced local skin abscess and ulcer. He eventually died of multiple organ failure due to multi-antibiotics resistance. We identified the microorganism by 16SrRNA sequencing and found that it belonged to the genus Rhodoplanes. It was named as Rhodoplanes sp. strain ZLJ-0. It is resumed that Rhodoplanes sp. strain ZLJ-0 might be an emerging human pathogen involving in unknown febrile conditions and could cause local infection of any tissues or organs. Differential diagnosis of febrile patients should be conducted in clinical practice and research on emerging pathogens of Alphaproteobacteria should be performed to determine the epidemiology, clinical symptoms and pathogenic features of these pathogens.
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195
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Absence of the Low Affinity Receptor for Leukotriene B4, BLT2, on NKT Cells Results in Failure to Develop Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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196
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Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring resistance to rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, have been under-explored. In the present study, composite interval mapping was used to identify the QTLs that condition resistance to the 6 out of the 12 common races (IB1, IB45, IB49, IB54, IC17, and ID1) of M. oryzae using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross of the moderately susceptible japonica cultivar Lemont with the moderately resistant indica cultivar Jasmine 85. Disease reactions of 227 F(7) RILs were determined using a category scale of ratings from 0, representing the most resistant, to 5, representing the most susceptible. A total of nine QTLs responsive to different degrees of phenotypic variation ranging from 5.17 to 26.53% were mapped on chromosomes 3, 8, 9, 11, and 12: qBLAST3 at 1.9 centimorgans (cM) to simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker RM282 on chromosome 3 to IB45 accounting for 5.17%; qBLAST8.1 co-segregated with SSR marker RM1148 to IB49 accounting for 6.69%, qBLAST8.2 at 0.1 cM to SSR marker RM72 to IC17 on chromosome 8 accounting for 7.22%; qBLAST9.1 at 0.1 cM to SSR marker RM257 to IB54, qBLAST9.2 at 2.1 cM to SSR marker RM108, and qBLAST9.3 at 0.1 cM to SSR marker RM215 to IC17 on chromosome 9 accounting for 4.64, 7.62, and 4.49%; qBLAST11 at 2.2 cM to SSR marker RM244 to IB45 and IB54 on chromosome 11 accounting for 26.53 and 19.60%; qBLAST12.1 at 0.3 cM to SSR marker OSM89 to IB1 on chromosome 12 accounting for 5.44%; and qBLAST12.2 at 0.3 and 0.1 cM to SSR marker OSM89 to IB49 and ID1 on chromosome 12 accounting for 9.7 and 10.18% of phenotypic variation, respectively. This study demonstrates the usefulness of tagging blast QTLs using physiological races by composite interval mapping.
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Recombinant human endostatin, Endostar, enhances the effects of chemo-radiotherapy in a mouse cervical cancer xenograft model. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:316-324. [PMID: 21797125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of recombinant human endostatin, Endostar, combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) on tumor growth, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in a mouse xenograft model of cervical cancer was investigated. METHODS HeLa cells were injected subcutaneously to establish mouse xenograft models and mice were treated with normal saline (control), CCRT with cisplatin (CDDP), Endostar, or a combination of Endostar and CCRT. Growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumors was monitored. RESULTS Tumorogenic activity of tumor cells in the CCRT, Endostar and combination Endostar-CCRT treatment groups was markedly decreased compared with the activity in the NS group (p < 0.05). The most significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the Endostar with CCRT group. Lymph node metastases in the Endostar with CCRT group (12.5%) and Endostar alone group (25%) were lower compared to the CCRT group (42.8%) and NS group (66.7%; p < 0.05). Endostar was also found to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Endostar induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in vivo, and inhibited expression of VEGF and HIF-1alpha in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Endostar enhanced the anti-cancer effect of CCRT in a mouse xenograft model of cervical cancer. These findings thus provide a new strategy to treat cervical cancer.
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Development of functional nanoprobes for optical near-field characterization. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:334218. [PMID: 21386508 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/33/334218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Subwavelength optical imaging can be accomplished by scanning a nanoscale aperture or a nanoprobe containing a locally defined nanoscale optical source. Currently, most such methods, including various implementations of near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), form near-field images by measuring the intensity of optical signals generated by optical transmission, scattering or fluorescence. Here we report the development of a nanoprobe that can extend NSOM functionalities by focusing on the dynamical aspects of light emission (such as fluorescence lifetime measurement) and nonlinear optical processes (such as second harmonic generation). Our nanoprobes consist of a silica fiber taper, a single nanowire or a nanotube, and appropriate functional nano-optical structures. The fabrication, characterization and potential applications of such nanoprobes are discussed.
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200
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PP-017 First report in China of a human infection by Alphaproteobacteria using shell vial culture. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(10)60085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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