76
|
Verbeek INE, Vollebregt A, Halbertsma FJ, van Lindert E, Andriessen P. Acquired progressive hypotonia in infancy: consider compressive cervical myelopathy. Acta Paediatr 2011; 100:e128-9. [PMID: 21352355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This case report presents a rare cause of progressive hypotonia due to a congenital bony defect of the atlas in a 2-month-old girl. The patient was initially referred to the paediatric department with feeding problems. Within days after admission she developed progressive hypotonia and showed decreased reflexes of the upper extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed compressive myelopathy at the level of vertebra C1. After laminectomy of the C1-vertebra the neurological symptoms resolved. CONCLUSION Most anomalies of the vertebras are asymptomatic. Only symptomatic anomalies with compression and neurological symptoms need surgery.
Collapse
|
77
|
Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA, Berenson J. Established role of bisphosphonate therapy for prevention of skeletal complications from myeloma bone disease. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2011; 77 Suppl 1:S13-23. [PMID: 21353176 DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(11)70004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced multiple myeloma (MM) often have increased osteolytic activity of osteoclasts and impaired osteogenesis by osteoblasts, resulting in osteolytic bone lesions that increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) including pathologic fracture, the need for radiotherapy or surgery to bone, and spinal cord compression. Such SREs are potentially life-limiting, and can reduce patients' functional independence and quality of life. Bisphosphonates (e.g., oral clodronate and intravenous pamidronate and zoledronic acid) can inhibit osteoclast-mediated osteolysis, thereby reducing the risk of SREs, ameliorating bone pain, and potentially prolonging survival in patients with MM. Extensive clinical experience demonstrates that bisphosphonates are generally well tolerated, and common adverse events are typically mild and manageable. Studies are ongoing to optimize the timing and duration of bisphosphonate therapy in patients with bone lesions from MM.
Collapse
|
78
|
Fattal C, Fabbro M, Gelis A, Bauchet L. Metastatic paraplegia and vital prognosis: perspectives and limitations for rehabilitation care. Part 1. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92:125-33. [PMID: 21187215 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the vital prognosis of patients with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) to determine the relevance and duration of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) admission. DATA SOURCES Publications from 1980 to January 2010 selected from 3 databases. STUDY SELECTION Publications reporting data correlated with survival and prognosis factors, highlighting publications with level A scientific evidence (prospective randomized controlled studies with significant casuistry and relevant judgment criteria). The work focused on patients with MESCC below T1. DATA EXTRACTION Standardized reading grid. DATA SYNTHESIS Thirty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most were retrospective. For survival rate at 1 year, they reported data ranging from 12% to 58%. The 12-month and median survival rates were the data reported most often in the articles. The median survival rate ranged from 2.4 to 30 months, and 12-month survival rates ranged from 12% to 58%. Of publications that chose this parameter, 95% reported 12-month survival rates less than 55.2% (95th percentile) regardless of patients' functional status and associated risk factors (eg, location of primary cancer, metastases spreading, pretreatment ambulatory status). CONCLUSIONS Despite major progress in cancer care, patients with MESCC still have a limited vital prognosis. The relevance and duration of PM&R care must be evaluated against the patient's functional need for rehabilitation while making time for family. The hypothesis of a 1-month stay extended only once appears reasonable for patients to adapt to their new functional status without taking precious time away from their loved ones.
Collapse
|
79
|
Ratnayake G, Judson IR, Scurr M, Thway K, Fisher C, Jones RL. Fungal spinal cord compression in metastatic synovial sarcoma. Acta Oncol 2011; 50:158-9. [PMID: 20726686 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2010.498830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Disease Progression
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Fractures, Spontaneous/etiology
- Fractures, Spontaneous/microbiology
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/complications
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Mycoses/complications
- Mycoses/diagnosis
- Mycoses/drug therapy
- Mycoses/etiology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Osteomyelitis/complications
- Osteomyelitis/diagnosis
- Osteomyelitis/drug therapy
- Osteomyelitis/etiology
- Pneumonectomy
- Pyrimidines/administration & dosage
- Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
- Sarcoma, Synovial/complications
- Sarcoma, Synovial/secondary
- Sarcoma, Synovial/therapy
- Spinal Cord Compression/complications
- Spinal Cord Compression/microbiology
- Spinal Cord Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Triazoles/administration & dosage
- Voriconazole
Collapse
|
80
|
Rodríguez-Vico JS, Berrocal-Izquierdo N, Duarte J. [Cervical spine myelopathy as a cause of man-in-the-barrel syndrome]. Rev Neurol 2010; 51:701-703. [PMID: 21108233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
|
81
|
Li P, Huang L, Zhao Z, Ye X, Liu Z. Spinal-cord compression related to pseudohypoparathyroidism. J Clin Neurosci 2010; 18:143-5. [PMID: 20851612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a 24-year-old male with pseudohypoparathyroidism and a 6-month history of sensory disturbance in both legs which was associated with difficulty in walking. His physical signs included a short stature, a thick neck, short fourth metacarpals and metatarsals, a spastic paraparesis and sphincteric disturbance. His serum electrolytes included low serum calcium and high serum phosphorus levels. CT reconstruction showed compression of the spinal cord in association with ossified ligamentum flavum at the C2-7 and T9-10 levels. These findings were confirmed by MRI scans.
Collapse
|
82
|
Russo V, Platania N, Graziano F, Albanese V. Cervical spine chondroma arising from C5 right hemilamina: a rare cause of spinal cord compression. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Sci 2010; 54:113-117. [PMID: 21423079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Chondromas are rare primary spine tumors. Only 12 cases of chondromas located in the cervical spine have been reported in the literature up to now. The authors report a case of a cervical periosteal chondroma in a 38-year-old man presenting with neck pain and a syndrome of spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion that was hypo- or isointense on T1-weighted images and iso-hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Administration of Gd-DPTA resulted in margin enhancement on T1-weighted images. CT scans revealed a hyperdense calcified lesion arising from the internal surface of C5 right hemi-lamina. The patient underwent a right C5 hemi-laminectomy, with complete en-bloc removal of the lesion. The authors emphasize that early identification of the initial lesion should be coupled with total surgical resection, as a definitive treatment, in order to prevent malignant transformation.
Collapse
|
83
|
Sindou MP. Supplementary comment on "Neuropsychological improvement in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy after posterior decompression surgery". Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010; 50:705. [PMID: 20827797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
|
84
|
Ducati A. Supplementary comment on "Neuropsychological improvement in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy after posterior decompression surgery". Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010; 50:705. [PMID: 20805661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
|
85
|
Kuanova LB, Auezova GU, Altaeva BS. [Hereditary neuropathy with tendency to compression paralysis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2010; 110:95-96. [PMID: 20443245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
|
86
|
Yanagitani N, Kotake M, Ishizuka T, Iwasaki Y, Sunaga N, Mori M. [A case of neurosarcoidosis discovered in a patient complaining of chest pain]. NIHON KOKYUKI GAKKAI ZASSHI = THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE RESPIRATORY SOCIETY 2009; 47:1087-1092. [PMID: 20058684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old woman complained of chest and axillary pain, which had initially appeared three months previously and had recently become worse. A chest CT revealed hilus-mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Because an increased serum ACE level was observed, sarcoidosis was suspected and further investigations performed. The number of lymphocytes had also increased in the BALF (67%) and the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher than normal (7.5). A histological examination of a specimen obtained by TBLB revealed epithelioid cell granuloma. FDG-PET CT showed an increased uptake in the hilus-mediastinal lymph node and thoracic spinal cord. An abnormal image suggesting extradural epithelioid cell granuloma was identified at the C7-Th8 levels of the thoracic spinal cord by MRI. The pain was thus suspected to have been caused by compression of the spinal cord due to the presence of the epithelioid cell granuloma. Oral administration of prednisolone (50mg/day) improved her symptoms as well as the findings on both FDG-PET CT and MRI.
Collapse
|
87
|
|
88
|
Findlay GFG, Balain B, Trivedi JM, Jaffray DC. Does walking change the Romberg sign? EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2009; 18:1528-31. [PMID: 19387702 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-009-1008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Romberg sign helps demonstrate loss of postural control as a result of severely compromised proprioception. There is still no standard approach to applying the Romberg test in clinical neurology and the criteria for and interpretation of an abnormal result continue to be debated. The value of this sign and its adaptation when walking was evaluated. Detailed clinical examination of 50 consecutive patients of cervical myelopathy was performed prospectively. For the walking Romberg sign, patients were asked to walk 5 m with their eyes open. This was repeated with their eyes closed. Swaying, feeling of instability or inability to complete the walk with eyes closed was interpreted as a positive walking Romberg sign. This test was compared to common clinical signs to evaluate its relevance. Whilst the Hoffman's reflex (79%) was the most prevalent sign seen, the walking Romberg sign was actually present in 74.5% of the cases. The traditional Romberg test was positive in 17 cases and 16 of these had the walking Romberg positive as well. Another 21 patients had a positive walking Romberg test. Though not statistically significant, the mean 30 m walking times were slower in patients with traditional Romberg test than in those with positive walking Romberg test and fastest in those with neither of these tests positive. The combination of either Hoffman's reflex and/or walking Romberg was positive in 96% of patients. The walking Romberg sign is more useful than the traditional Romberg test as it shows evidence of a proprioceptive gait deficit in significantly more patients with cervical myelopathy than is found on conventional neurological examination. The combination of Hoffman's reflex and walking Romberg sign has a potential as useful screening tests to detect clinically significant cervical myelopathy.
Collapse
|
89
|
Antonelli C, Franchi F, Della Marta ME, Carinci A, Sbrana G, Tanasi P, De Fina L, Brauzzi M. Guiding principles in choosing a therapeutic table for DCI hyperbaric therapy. Minerva Anestesiol 2009; 75:151-161. [PMID: 19221544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbaric therapy is the basis of treatment for pervasive development disorders. For this reason, the choice of the right therapeutic table for each case is critical. Above all, the delay in recompression time with respect to the first symptoms and to the severity of the case must be considered. In our experience, the use of low-pressure oxygen tables resolves almost all cases if recompression takes place within a short time. When recompression is possible almost immediately, the mechanical effect of reduction on bubble volume due to pressure is of remarkable importance. In these cases, high-pressure tables can be considered. These tables can also be used in severe spinal-cord decompression sickness. The preferred breathing mixture is still disputed. Heliox seems to be favored because it causes fewer problems during the recompression of divers, and above all, because nitrox can cause narcosis and contributes nitrogen. Saturation treatment should be avoided or at least used only in special cases. In cases of arterial gas embolism cerebral injury, it is recommended to start with an initial 6 ATA recompression only if the time between symptom onset and the beginning of recompression is less than a few hours.
Collapse
|
90
|
Sánchez Rico P, Tomasa Irriguible TM, Catalán Eraso B, Martínez Vega S, Gener Raxach J, Klamburg I Pujol J. [Acute spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma]. Med Intensiva 2009; 33:54-5. [PMID: 19232210 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5691(09)70306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
91
|
Kochbati S, Daoud L, Zouaoui W, Ktari S, Boussema F, Daghfous MH, Rokbani L. [Spinal cord compression due to benign osteoporotic vertebral fracture]. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2009; 87:152-154. [PMID: 19522451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A neurologic compromise associated with vertebral fractures is generally due to a malignancy causes. Therefore, an osteoporotic vertebral fracture can sometimes cause neurologic complications. AIM Report a case of neurologic compromise associated with osteoporotic vertebral fractures. OBSERVATION A-62-year-old man suffered from rheumatoid arthritis since 1985, presented a cervical pain associated with quadriparesia secondary to a C5 osteoporotic vertebral fractures. CONCLUSION Osteonecrosis may be the cause of neurologic compromise associated with osteoporotic vertebral fractures.
Collapse
|
92
|
Davagnanam I, Harave S. An unusual cause of back pain. BMJ 2009; 338:a3183. [PMID: 19176658 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.a3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
93
|
Esin RG, Danilov VI, Minkina IS, Esin OR. [Failed back syndrome in patients after the surgery for compressive lumbosacral radiculopathy]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2009; 109:37-41. [PMID: 20032952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A study of 80 patients after the surgery for compressive lumbosacral radiculopathy revealed that myogenic trigger zones and skin zones of hyperalgesia in lumbar and low extremities on the side of radicular compression and the contralateral side were formed before the surgery. Trigger zones remained in the latent state after the surgery in 33 patients who had no anxiety and depressive symptoms before the operation. These zones were treated with exercises (a fitness program). Symptoms of anxiety and depression that predict the relapse of pain in the post-surgery period were noted in 47 patients. The relapse of pain followed the <<blazed way>> in these patients but it was caused by the pain conditioned by trigger zones formed before the surgery in the insufficiency of the antinociceptive system. Moreover, an iatrogenic zone emerged in the post-surgery scar. Treatment of this group of patients should include antidepressants (velaxin), local anesthetics (novocaine, plasters with 5% lidocaine gel) and later - a fitness program.
Collapse
|
94
|
Grasso G, Meli F, Graziano F, Stagno V, Imbrucè P, Florena AM, Maugeri R, Iacopino DG. Chronic inflammation causing spinal cord compression in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Med Sci Monit 2008; 14:CS134-CS137. [PMID: 18971879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of central nervous system involvement has increased in the setting of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although rarely reported, spinal cord compression, in the setting of AIDS, has been associated with primary lymphoma or opportunistic infections. CASE REPORT The authors describe the case of a young man who was admitted to our institution with rapid and progressive paraplegia. Imaging studies revealed an extramedullary lesion compressing the spinal cord spanning 3 thoracic levels. Surgical treatment was performed, and the compressing process completely excised. Histologic examination of the lesion showed a chronic inflammatory tissue with many necrotic areas without signs of infection or lymphoma. The patient progressively regained normal strength in his legs and was discharged home. CONCLUSIONS In patients with HIV, chronic inflammation can lead to a lesion that compresses the spinal cord and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Knowledge of this entity gains importance with the increasing incidence of HIV because timely excision can restore neurologic deficits. This condition may be considered a new clinical entity, the true incidence of which will be established using the diagnostic protocols provided and further case reports.
Collapse
|
95
|
Schneider GS. Anterior spinal cord syndrome after initiation of treatment with atenolol. J Emerg Med 2008; 38:e49-52. [PMID: 18597977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 08/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anterior spinal cord syndrome is a rare condition with a variety of precipitating factors. Patients typically complain of weakness or paralysis of the extremities, often accompanied by pain, but frequently without a history of trauma. A 48-year-old man presented to the emergency department complaining of neck pain and inability to move his legs in the absence of trauma. Several hours prior he had seen his private physician and was given a dose of atenolol for elevated blood pressure. He had not previously been on medications for hypertension. His neurological examination revealed bilateral paralysis of the lower extremities. In the upper extremities he had weakness and sensory loss at the level of C6. Rectal tone was decreased and without sensation. Cervical and thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging showed spondylotic disc disease, with disc herniation at C6-7 causing severe spinal canal stenosis. Despite i.v. methylprednisolone, pressors, and a prolonged intensive care unit course, the patient was discharged 5 weeks later with continued neurological deficits. Anterior spinal cord syndrome results from compression of the anterior spinal artery and often occurs in the absence of traumatic injury. The recognition, management, and prognosis of this condition are discussed.
Collapse
|
96
|
O'Brien J, Ward E, Doody O, Ryan M. A case of back pain associated with neurology in a young man. Ir J Med Sci 2008; 178:373-5. [PMID: 18516661 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-008-0170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We present the case of a 14-year-old with a 3-month history of back pain, who on presentation, was demonstrated to have neurological signs. METHOD Investigation with radiographs and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which demonstrated an expansile lesion in the tenth thoracic vertebra with posterior extension causing spinal cord compression. This was treated with surgical resection and spinal cord decompression. RESULTS Diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst was made following histopathological examination of the resected lesion. CONCLUSION Back pain in childhood is a significant and often sinister symptom, which requires careful evaluation.
Collapse
|
97
|
McDonald WI. Mechanisms of functional loss and recovery in spinal cord damage. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008:23-33. [PMID: 177252 DOI: 10.1002/9780470720165.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two main classes of morphological change follow trauma to central nerve fibres: (1) axonal disruption leads to total disintegration of the fibre distal (with respect to the cell body) to the lesion; (2) less severe trauma produces focal demyelination with preservation of axonal continuity. Large experimental demyelinating lesions produce complete conduction block. The histologically normal portions of the fibres, proximal and distal to the lesion, retain the ability to transmit impulses. Smaller lesions allow conduction to continue, but at a reduced velocity, and the ability of the fibres to carry long trains of impulses faithfully is impaired. All three defects of conduction contribute to functional loss. After acute transient compression of the spinal cord of the cat, demyelination increases during the first week. Evidence of remyelination appears in the third week. Inappropriately thin myelin is seen surrounding histologically normal axons. By one month, 90% of the fibres in the lesion have acquired new sheaths. Studies on single fibres have shown that the myelin is organized into segments bounded by nodes. The segments are abnormally thin and short. The myelin increases in thickness with time but thin segments are still present at 18 months. Electron microscopy shows that many of the known ultrastructural prerequisites for conduction are present in the new segments. It is not yet known, however, whether the chains of very short internodes which occur on some fibres allow conduction to be restored.
Collapse
|
98
|
Yadav RK, Agarwal S, Saini J. Profile of compressive myelopathy as evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2008; 106:79-84. [PMID: 18705249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate spectrum of diseases causing compressive myelopathy and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing these conditions, a total of 69 clinically diagnosed cases of compressive myelopathy were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and results were tabulated. Caries spine was the commonest condition (24.6%) followed by metastasis spine (17.4%), ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (7.8%), primary bone tumours, nerve sheath tumours, intramedullary tumours and rare conditions like epidural abscess, spontaneous epidural haematoma, subdural haematoma, epidural lipomatosis, etc. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosing caries by magnetic resonance imaging was found to be 94%, 98% and 97% while that of metastasis spine was 91%, 98% and 97% respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for diagnosing compressive myelopathy.
Collapse
|
99
|
Mohindra S, Chhabra R, Gupta R, Dass Radotra B. Cystic, exophytic teratoma of conus medullaris presenting with chronic renal failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 69:81-3; discussion 84. [PMID: 17976704 DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2006.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
100
|
Bizaare M, Dawood H, Moodley A. Vacuolar myelopathy: a case report of functional, clinical, and radiological improvement after highly active antiretroviral therapy. Int J Infect Dis 2007; 12:442-4. [PMID: 18082439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|