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Wyman JF, Klutke C, Burgio K, Guan Z, Sun F, Berriman S, Bavendam T. Effects of combined behavioral intervention and tolterodine on patient-reported outcomes. Can J Urol 2010; 17:5283-5290. [PMID: 20735908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of tolterodine extended release (ER) plus behavioral intervention on urgency and other patient-reported outcomes in subjects with overactive bladder (OAB) who were previously dissatisfied with antimuscarinic treatment. METHODS In this 16-week, multicenter, open-label study, eligible adults (aged > or = 18 y) reported dissatisfaction with their most recent antimuscarinic OAB medication; > or = 8 micturitions and > or = 2 urgency episodes per 24 hours and > or = 1 UUI episode in 5 day bladder diaries; and OAB symptoms for > or = 3 months. Subjects received tolterodine ER plus a behavioral educational handout with verbal reinforcement of behavioral intervention content for 8 weeks. Those satisfied with treatment at week 8 continued with this therapy; those dissatisfied received tolterodine ER plus individualized behavioral intervention (pelvic floor muscle training, tailored behavioral techniques) for 8 weeks. Endpoints were changes from baseline in daytime and nocturnal micturition-related urgency episodes and frequency-urgency sum (a measure of urgency severity and frequency) reported in 5 day bladder diaries at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16; Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC), Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q), and Urgency Perception Scale (UPS) scores at weeks 8 and 16. RESULTS Daytime and nocturnal urgency episodes and frequency-urgency sum were significantly reduced at all time points (all p < 0.0001). Significant improvements were also observed in PPBC, OAB-q Symptom Bother and Health-Related Quality of Life, and UPS scores at weeks 8 and 16 (all p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with OAB who are dissatisfied with antimuscarinic therapy may experience improved treatment outcomes by adding a self-administered behavioral intervention to their drug regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean F Wyman
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Hu X, Xu Y, Sun J, Liu Z, Pan Q, Sun F, Yan Z, Li L. 235 Schisandrin B prevents doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiotoxicity and enhances its anticancer activity in vivo. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Matsumoto Y, Goto S, Hashimoto H, Kokeguchi S, Shiotani M, Okada H, Cohen - Bacrie P, Hazout A, Belloc S, De Mouzon J, Menezo Y, Dumont M, Junca AM, Cohen-Bacrie M, Alvarez S, Olivennes F, Prisant N, Weltin M, Geissler W, Clussmann C, Strowitzki T, Eggert-Kruse W, Endou Y, Fjii Y, Motoyama H, Quintana FQ, Zaloa Larreategui ZL, Iratxe Penalba IP, Sara Ortega SO, Monica Martin MM, Guillermo Quea GQ, Jose Serna JS, Showell MG, Brown J, Yazdani A, Stankiewicz MT, Hart RJ, Zumoffen C, Munuce MJ, Caille A, Ghersevich S, Lendinez AM, Perez-Nevot B, Palomares AR, Serrano Garballo A, Rodriguez A, Reche A, Mayor-Olea A, Ruiz-Galdon M, Reyes-Engel A, Mendiola J, Jorgensen N, Andersson AM, Calafat AM, Redmon JB, Drobnis EZ, Wang C, Sparks A, Thurston SW, Liu F, Swan SH, Tarasconi AC, Tarasconi BV, Tarasconi DV, Silva EMV, Fujii Y, Endou Y, Motoyama H, Crha I, Pribyl J, Skladal P, Zakova J, Ventruba P, Pohanka M, De La Fuente G, Pacheco A, Velasco JAG, Requena A, Pacheco Castro A, San Celestino Carchenilla M, Salvanes R, Arnanz A, Balmori C, Pellicer A, Garcia-Velasco JA, Hashimoto H, Ishikawa T, Goto S, Kokeguchi S, Fujisawa M, Shiotani M, Kranz S, Hersemeyer K, Hentrich A, Tinneberg HR, Konrad L, Simon L, Lutton D, McManus J, Lewis SEM, San Celestino Carchenilla M, Pacheco Castro A, Rubio S, Simon Sanjurjo P, Pellicer A, Garcia-Velasco JA, Lewis S, Lutton D, McManus J, Simon L, Buzzi J, Valcarcel A, Lombardi E, Oses R, Rawe V, Young E, Magendzo A, Lizama S, Duque G, Mackenna A, Lutton D, Simon L, McManus J, Lewis SEM, Monqaut A, Zavaleta C, Lopez G, Lafuente R, Brassesco M, Condorelli R, La Vignera S, La Rosa S, Barone N, Vicari E, Bellanca S, D'Agata R, Calogero AE, Enciso M, Iglesias M, Galan I, Gosalvez A, Gosalvez J, Curaba M, Poels J, Van Langendonckt A, Donnez J, Wyns C, Garcez M, Salvador M, Pasqualotto EB, Braga DPAF, Borges E, Pasqualotto FF, Aoki T, Figueira RCS, Maldonado LGL, Pasqualotto FF, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Frassini R, Mandelli J, Pasqualotto EB, Borges E, Figueira RCS, Braga DPAF, Pasqualotto FF, Borges E, Pasqualotto FF, Figueira RCS, Setti AS, Braga DPAF, Cortezzi SS, Iaconelli A, La Vignera S, Vicari E, Di Mauro M, Burrello N, Condorelli R, D'Agata R, Calogero AE, Kashir J, Jones C, Young C, Ruas M, Grasa P, Rietdorf K, Heytens E, Heindryckx B, Yoon SY, Fissore RA, Deane CM, Nikiforaki D, Tee ST, de Sutter P, Parrington J, Coward K, Visser L, Westerveld GH, van Daalen SKM, van der Veen F, Lombardi MP, Repping S, Cubillos S, Sanchez S, Pedraza J, Charria G, Aparicio H, Gongora A, Caldino F, Cuneo S, Ou JP, Zhao WE, Liu YF, Xu YW, Zhou CQ, Al-Asmar Pinar N, Peinado V, Gruhn J, Susiarjo M, Gil-Salom M, Martinez-Jabaloyas JM, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Rubio C, Hassold T, Peinado V, Al-Asmar N, Gruhn J, Rodrigo L, Gil-Salom M, Martinez-Jabaloyas JM, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Hassold TJ, Rubio C, Bungum M, Forsell N, Giwercman A, Amiri I, Sheikh N, Najafi R, Godarzi M, Farimani M, Makukh H, Tyrkus M, Zastavna D, Nakonechnuy A, Khayat SS, Schileiko LV, Kurilo LF, Garcia-Herrero S, Garrido N, Martinez-Conejero JA, Romany L, Pellicer A, Meseguer M, Dorphin B, Lefevre M, Gout C, Oger P, Yazbeck C, Rougier N, De Stefani S, Scala V, Benedetti S, Tagliamonte MC, Zavagnini E, Palini S, Bulletti C, Canestrari F, Subiran N, Pinto FM, Candenas ML, Agirregoitia E, Irazusta J, Cha EM, Lee JH, Park IH, Lee KH, Kim MH, Jensen MS, Rebordosa C, Thulstrup AM, Toft G, Sorensen HT, Bonde JP, Henriksen TB, Olsen J, Bosco L, Speciale M, Manno M, Amireh N, Roccheri MC, Cittadini E, Wu P, Lee YM, Chen HW, Tzeng CR, Llacer J, Ten J, Lledo B, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Morales R, Bernabeu R, Garcia-Peiro A, Martinez-Heredia J, Oliver-Bonet M, Ribas J, Abad C, Amengual MJ, Gosalvez J, Navarro J, Benet J, Moutou C, Gardes N, Nicod JC, Becker N, Bailly MP, Galland I, Pirello O, Rongieres C, Wittemer C, Viville S, Elmahaishi W, Smith B, Doshi A, Serhal P, Harper JC, Rennemeier C, Kammerer U, Dietl J, Staib P, Elgmati K, Nomikos M, Theodoridou M, Calver B, Swann K, Lai FA, Georgiou I, Lazaros L, Xita N, Kaponis A, Plachouras N, Hatzi E, Zikopoulos K, Ferfouri F, Clement P, Molina Gomes D, Albert M, Bailly M, Wainer R, Selva J, Vialard F, Takisawa T, Usui K, Kyoya T, Shibuya Y, Hattori H, Sato Y, Ota M, Kyono K, Chiu PC, Lam KK, Lee CL, Chung MK, Huang VW, O WS, Tang F, Ho PC, Yeung WS, Kim CH, Lee JY, Kim SH, Suh CS, Shin YK, Kang YJ, Jung JH, Cha CY, Hwang ES, Mukaida T, Nagaba M, Takahashi K, Elkaffash D, Sedrak M, Huhtaniemi I, Abdel-Al T, Younan D, Cassuto NG, Bouret D, Hammoud I, Yazbeck C, Barak Y, Seshadri S, Bates M, Vince G, Jones DI, Ben Khalifa M, Montjean D, Menezo Y, Cohen-Bacrie P, Belloc S, De Mouzon J, Alvarez S, Aubriot FX, Olivennes F, Cohen M, Prisant N, Boudjema E, Magli MC, Crippa A, Baccetti B, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Singer T, Neri QV, Hu JC, Maggiulli R, Kollman Z, Rauch E, Schlegel PN, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Zorn B, Skrbinc B, Matos E, Golob B, Pfeifer M, Osredkar J, Sabanegh E, Sharma RK, Thiyagarajan A, Agarwal A, Robin G, Boitrelle F, Marcelli F, Marchetti C, Mitchell V, Dewailly D, Rigot JM, Rives N, Perdrix A, Travers A, Milazzo JP, Mousset-Simeon N, Mace B, Jakab A, Molnar Z, Benyo M, Levai I, Kassai Z, Golob B, Zorn B, Ihan A, Kopitar A, Kolbezen M, Vaamonde D, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Garcia-Manso JM, Vaamonde-Lemos R, Oehninger SC, Walis G, Monahan D, Neri QV, Ermolovich E, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Fadlon E, Abu Elhija A, Abu Elhija M, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M, Costantini-Ferrando M, Maggiulli R, Neri QV, Hu JCY, Monahan D, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Alvarez JG, Gosalvez A, Velilla E, Lopez-Teijon M, Lopez-Fernandez C, Gosalvez J, Tempest HG, Sun F, Oliver-Bonet M, Ko E, Turek P, Martin RH, Zomeno-Abellan MT, Ramirez A, Gutierrez-Adan A, Martinez JC, Landeras J, Ballesta J, Aviles M, Lafuente R, Lopez G, Monqaut A, Brassesco M, Ganaiem M, Binder S, Abu Elhija M, Lunenfeld E, Meinhardt A, Huleihel M, Sousa L, Grangeia A, Carvalho F, Sousa M, Barros A, Sifer C, Sermondade N, Hafhouf E, Poncelet C, Benzacken B, Levy R, Wolf JP, Crisol L, Aspichueta F, Hernandez ML, Exposito A, Matorras R, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI, Jallad S, Atig F, Ben Amor H, Saad ALI, Kerkeni A, Ajina M, Othmane ALI, Koscinski I, Ladureau L, Wittemer C, Viville S, Scarselli F, Casciani V, Lobascio M, Minasi MG, Rubino P, Colasante A, Arizzi L, Litwicka K, Iammarrone E, Ferrero S, Mencacci C, Franco G, Zavaglia D, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Ohgi S, Takahashi M, Kishi C, Suga K, Yanaihara A, Chamley LW, Wagner A, Shelling AN. Andrology (Male Fertility, Spermatogenesis). Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wong N, Hui K, Sun F, Yap Y, Ng RC, Chia JW, Ngo L, Lo S. Randomized phase II study of metronomic chemotherapy (MC) plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) versus MC alone in postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive, metastatic breast cancer (MBC), with correlative circulating endothelial cell (CEC), circulating endothelial progenitor cell (CEP), VEGF, and VEGFR levels. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.tps127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Sun F, Chen J, Tong Q, Zeng S. Structure validation of an integrated waterworks model for trihalomethanes simulation by applying regional sensitivity analysis. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:1992-2001. [PMID: 20156637 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 11/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A previously developed integrated waterworks model for trihalomethanes simulation was validated by applying a new framework for comprehensive model structure validation. The proposed framework followed the procedure of regional sensitivity analysis and also involved correlation analysis and frequency distribution analysis. Through such an analysis framework, a deep insight into model structure and parameters could be gained besides the traditional focuses on model validation, i.e. model performance and rationality of model parameters. The integrated waterworks model, to which the framework was applied, was proved to give good predictions of the simulated variables, and the identified values of model parameters coincided well with the reported values in the literature. The model was also found to have a large proportion of sensitive parameters, no distinct correlations among parameters, and thus a balanced structure. Moreover, most of the sensitive parameters could be well identified and the associated uncertainties significantly reduced. A detailed investigation into the sensitivity, identifiability, and uncertainty of model parameters showed that the model conceptualization was in good agreement with accepted scientific principles and anticipated system behaviors. All these results, therefore, supported the validity and trustworthiness of the model. In addition, further opportunities for refining the model were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Crisostomo V, Maynar M, Sun F, Losilla S, Garcia-Martinez V, Lopez-Sanchez C, Sanchez-Margallo F. Abstract No. 90: Experimental study on the safety of a microcatheter with a detachable distal tip. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2009.12.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Song C, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, Sun F, Kanthasamy AG. Environmental neurotoxic pesticide increases histone acetylation to promote apoptosis in dopaminergic neuronal cells: relevance to epigenetic mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Mol Pharmacol 2010; 77:621-32. [PMID: 20097775 DOI: 10.1124/mol.109.062174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticide exposure has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD); in particular, the organochlorine insecticide dieldrin is believed to be associated with PD. Emerging evidence indicates that histone modifications play a critical role in cell death. In this study, we examined the effects of dieldrin treatment on histone acetylation and its role in dieldrin-induced apoptotic cell death in dopaminergic neuronal cells. In mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells, dieldrin induced a time-dependent increase in the acetylation of core histones H3 and H4. Histone acetylation occurred within 10 min of dieldrin exposure indicating that acetylation is an early event in dieldrin neurotoxicity. The hyperacetylation was attributed to dieldrin-induced proteasomal dysfunction, resulting in accumulation of a key histone acetyltransferase (HAT), cAMP response element-binding protein. The novel HAT inhibitor anacardic acid significantly attenuated dieldrin-induced histone acetylation, Protein kinase C delta proteolytic activation and DNA fragmentation in dopaminergic cells protected against dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in primary mesencephalic neuronal cultures. Furthermore, 30-day exposure of dieldrin in mouse models induced histone hyperacetylation in the striatum and substantia nigra. For the first time, our results collectively demonstrate that exposure to the neurotoxic pesticide dieldrin induces acetylation of core histones because of proteasomal dysfunction and that hyperacetylation plays a key role in dopaminergic neuronal degeneration after exposure of dieldrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Song
- Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Chan P, Qin Z, Zheng Z, Zhang L, Fang X, Sun F, Gu Z, Chen S, Ma J, Meng C, Langston J, Tanner C. P2.204 A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, delayed start study to assess safty, tolerability and efflcacy of green tea polyphenols in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zheng J, Liu J, Mao L, Li W, Sun F, Wen R. UP-3.003: Antitumor Activity of Conditionally Replicating Adenoviruses Expressing KI67-Specific Short Hairpin RNAs for Bladder Cancer. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shen Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Zhang R, Sun F, Shao Y, Rui W, He W, Dai J. UP-1.016: Retroperitoneoscopic Partial Adrenalectomy for Aldosteronoma: Clinical Experiences with 163 Cases. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shen Z, Zhang R, Zhu Y, Xu Z, Sun F, He W. UP-1.018: Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in the Treatment of Primary Hyperaldosteronism: Clinical Experience of 293 Cases. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sun F, Zhou W, Huang X, Shen Z. MP-04.08: The Evaluation of Imaging Diagnosis of Adrenal Tumors: Report of 872 Cases. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shen Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Zhang R, Sun F, Shao Y, Rui W, He W, Dai J. VID-03.02: Retroperitoneoscopic Partial Adrenalectomy for Small Adrenal Tumors (≤1cm): The Rui-jin Clinical Experience in 96 Procedures. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang H, Xu Z, Huang X, Zhao J, Xie X, Sun F, Zhou W, Wu Y, Shen Z. UP-1.010: The Clinical and Pathologic Feature of Adrenocortical Oncocytic Neoplasms. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rogers RG, Bachmann G, Scarpero H, Jumadilova Z, Sun F, Morrow JD, Guan Z, Bavendam T. Effects of tolterodine ER on patient-reported outcomes in sexually active women with overactive bladder and urgency urinary incontinence. Curr Med Res Opin 2009; 25:2159-65. [PMID: 19601704 DOI: 10.1185/03007990903103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of tolterodine extended release (ER) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in sexually active women with overactive bladder (OAB) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This multicenter, double-blind, placebo controlled trial included 411 women aged > or =18 years reporting OAB symptoms for > or =3 months; > or =8 micturitions per 24 hours (including > or =0.6 UUI episodes and > or =3 OAB micturitions) in 5-day bladder diaries at baseline, and being in a sexually active relationship for > or =6 months. Subjects randomized to placebo or tolterodine ER completed validated OAB- or incontinence-specific questionnaires, including the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC), Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q), Urgency Perception Scale (UPS), and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ) at baseline and week 12, as well as the Perception of Treatment Benefit and Treatment Satisfaction questions at week 12. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.Gov (identifier: NCT00143481). RESULTS The mean age of enrolled women was approximately 48 years. Compared with placebo, the tolterodine ER group reported significant baseline to week 12 improvements in PPBC responses (p = 0.0048); OAB-q Symptom Bother, total Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL), and HRQL domain scores (all p < 0.05); IIQ Emotional Health domain scores (p < 0.05); proportions of subjects reporting treatment benefit (79 vs. 54%; p < 0.0001) and satisfaction (78 vs. 59%; p < 0.0001). Improvements on the UPS were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Tolterodine ER treatment was associated with improvements in multiple OAB- and incontinence-specific PROs in a sexually active, relatively young, and racially diverse population of women. The findings provide clinicians with new insights into the impact of OAB and its treatment on HRQL in this population, which has been underrepresented in previous OAB studies. Study limitations include a potential underestimation of the impact of OAB symptoms resulting from the exclusion of women who may not be sexually active because of their urinary symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca G Rogers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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Chapple C, Herschorn S, Abrams P, Sun F, Brodsky M, Guan Z. Tolterodine Treatment Improves Storage Symptoms Suggestive of Overactive Bladder in Men Treated With α-Blockers. Eur Urol 2009; 56:534-41. [PMID: 19070418 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2008.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lai Q, Yuan J, Wang B, Sun F, Qiao N, Zheng T, Shao Z. Bowmanella pacifica sp. nov., isolated from a pyrene-degrading consortium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1579-82. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.001826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Yuan J, Lai Q, Wang B, Sun F, Liu X, Du Y, Li G, Gu L, Zheng T, Shao Z. Oceanicola pacificus sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea pyrene-degrading consortium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1158-61. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.003400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Klutke CG, Burgio KL, Wyman JF, Guan Z, Sun F, Berriman S, Bavendam T. Combined effects of behavioral intervention and tolterodine in patients dissatisfied with overactive bladder medication. J Urol 2009; 181:2599-607. [PMID: 19375110 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the effect of tolterodine extended release plus behavioral intervention on treatment satisfaction and bladder diary variables in patients with overactive bladder who had been previously treated and were dissatisfied with tolterodine or other antimuscarinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This 16-week, multicenter, open label study included eligible patients 18 years old or older who reported overactive bladder symptoms 3 months or greater in duration, 8 or greater micturitions and 2 or greater urgency related micturitions per 24 hours, and 1 or greater urgency urinary incontinence episodes in a 5-day bladder diary at baseline as well as dissatisfaction with prior antimuscarinic medication. Patients received tolterodine extended release plus self-administered behavioral intervention, consisting of an educational pamphlet with verbal reinforcement, for 8 weeks. Satisfied patients continued with this therapy and dissatisfied patients received tolterodine extended release plus individualized behavioral intervention, consisting of in-depth interaction with a clinician to refine behavioral techniques, for 8 weeks thereafter. Patients rated treatment satisfaction at weeks 8 and 16, and completed a 5-day bladder diary at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16, respectively. RESULTS At weeks 8 and 16, 346 and 357 patients or 91% of the total cohort reported being at least a little satisfied with tolterodine extended release plus behavioral intervention, including 201 (53%) and 252 (64%), respectively, who were very satisfied. Of the 33 patients who were dissatisfied at week 8, 25 (76%) reported treatment satisfaction at week 16 after individualized behavioral intervention. Compared with baseline all bladder diary variables were significantly improved by week 4 (p <0.0001). Patients who were dissatisfied with prior tolterodine or other antimuscarinic treatment reported similar results. CONCLUSIONS Tolterodine extended release plus behavioral intervention resulted in high treatment satisfaction and improved bladder diary variables in patients who had previously been treated and were dissatisfied with tolterodine or other antimuscarinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl G Klutke
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63141, USA.
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Sun F, Chen J, Tong Q, Zeng S. Development and identification of an integrated waterworks model for trihalomethanes simulation. Sci Total Environ 2009; 407:2077-2086. [PMID: 19081127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 11/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the impact that new trihalomethanes (THMs) regulations will have on the performance of conventional waterworks in China, we developed an integrated waterworks model to simulate the dynamic behavior of THMs and other associated components, e.g. organic matter, ammonia, and residual chlorine, throughout the conventional water treatment process, which included pre-chlorination, coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and post-chlorination. A comprehensive kinetic scheme that takes into account both the physical and biological mechanisms involved in the water treatment processes and the chemical reactions that result from chlorination was proposed for model conceptualization. In addition, the Petersen matrix was designed to present the model and formulate the mass balance equations for the model variables. The model was then identified using the Hornberger-Spear-Young (HSY) algorithm and tested against field data from the Qingzhou Waterworks in Macao, China. Despite gross uncertainty associated with the field data, the model could generally provide good predictions of the simulated variables and meet the management purposes. Furthermore, the identified model parameters agreed well with values that were reported in the literature and could be reasonably interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
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Sun F, Xie ML, Zhu LJ, Xue J, Gu ZL. Inhibitory effect of osthole on alcohol-induced fatty liver in mice. Dig Liver Dis 2009; 41:127-33. [PMID: 18339590 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is a major cause of fatty liver, the disease is a spectrum that is initiated with steatosis, and without therapy it is apt to develop inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis and finally cirrhosis. There are currently no ideal pharmacological reagents that can prevent or reverse this disease. Osthole is an active constituent isolated from the fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, a Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used in clinics for many years. It has many functions such as anti-inflammation, anti-osteoporosis and anti-tumor and so on, but there is no report about treatment of alcoholic fatty liver in mice. AIM To examine the inhibitory effect of osthole on alcohol-induced fatty liver in mice and to investigate the potential mechanisms. METHODS A mouse model with alcoholic fatty liver was induced by orally feeding 52% erguotou wine by gavage when they were simultaneously treated with osthole 10, 20, 40 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Whereafter, the lipids in serum and hepatic tissue, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in hepatic tissue, hepatic weight coefficient and its histological evaluation were measured. RESULTS After treatment with osthole, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), coefficient of hepatic weight, and the hepatic tissue contents of TC and TG were significantly decreased, the levels of MDA and TNF-alpha in liver were also decreased, while the GSH in liver was increased. Importantly, the histological evaluation of liver specimens demonstrated that osthole dramatically decreased lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION Osthole could inhibit alcohol-induced fatty liver in mice, and the mechanism might be associated with its anti-oxidation and suppression of TNF-alpha production.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
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Rogers RG, Omotosho T, Bachmann G, Sun F, Morrow JD. Continued symptom improvement in sexually active women with overactive bladder and urgency urinary incontinence treated with tolterodine ER for 6 months. Int Urogynecol J 2009; 20:381-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00192-008-0782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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224
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Chen M, Chen J, Sun F. Agricultural phosphorus flow and its environmental impacts in China. Sci Total Environ 2008; 405:140-52. [PMID: 18649924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of nutrients from agricultural land to waters attracts the attention of policy makers as well as scientists as it plays an increasingly significant role in affecting the water environment. It is therefore essential to first understand the nutrient flow in agricultural systems and then correspondingly formulate a series of cost-effective policies and best management practices (BMPs). On the basis of an emission inventory analysis (EIA) and a nutrient full balance (NFB) calculation, this paper presents a partial substance flow analysis (SFA) method, as well as an Agricultural Phosphorus Flow Analysis (AgiPhosFA) model, to describe the phosphorus (P) flow in the agricultural systems in China and assess the impact of human activities on waters driven by agriculture and rural life. It is estimated that average P input and output were 28.9 kg ha(-1) a(-1) and 14.2 kg ha(-1) a(-1) respectively in China in 2004, while the total P utilization efficiency (Plant uptake P/P input) in agriculture was 45.7% leading to an average P surplus of 14.7 kg ha(-1) a(-1). Excessive P application through mineral fertilizer in the arable farming system has led to the accumulation of soil P and constituted a risk to the recipient water quality, whereas the grassland grazing system is confronted with a severe P deficit problem which has resulted in widespread grass degradation. Therefore it may be an efficient way to mitigate the problems simultaneously by regulating and balancing the P flows between the two systems. Uncertainties of the method and model are also discussed in terms of model conceptualization, data and parameters, and spatial and temporal variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China.
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225
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Sun F, Sask K, Brash J, Zhitomirsky I. Surface modifications of Nitinol for biomedical applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 67:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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226
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Sun F, Chen Y, Xiang Y, Zhan S. Drug-metabolising enzyme polymorphisms and predisposition to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:994-1002. [PMID: 18713495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some case-control studies have investigated the association between drug-metabolising enzyme (DME) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI), their results are conflicting, mainly due to limited power. OBJECTIVE To review the literature systematically, by means of a meta-analytical review, to evaluate the putative association and provide a quantitative summary estimate on the association with ATLI. DESIGN We searched the databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and CBMdisc from 1966 to May 2007 using 'DME', 'hepatotoxicity', 'genetic polymorphism', 'genetic susceptibility' in combination with 'antitubercular agents', performed a manual search of citations from relevant original studies and review articles, and corresponded with authors. RESULTS Nine eligible articles were included in this meta-analysis, including five on N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), four on cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and two on glutathione S-transferase (GST) studies, separately. The overall ORs of ATLI risk associated with NAT2 homozygous variant genotype (mt/mt), CYP2E1 homozygous wild genotype (*1A/*1A), GSTM1 homozygous null genotype (null/null) and GSTT1 homozygous null genotype (null/null) were respectively 1.93 (95%CI 0.81-4.62), 2.22 (95%CI 1.06-4.66), 2.62 (95%CI 1.45-4.75) and 1.18 (95%CI 0.61-2.29). In addition, the OR for Asian ATLI associated with the NAT2 homozygous variant (mt/mt) and the combined genotype (w/w + w/mt) was 2.52 (95%CI 1.49-4.26). CONCLUSIONS NAT2 mt/mt, CYP2E1*1A/*1A and GSTM1 null/null were observed to increase the risk of ATLI in tuberculosis patients. Our results support the hypothesis that NAT2 mt, CYP2E1*1A and GSTM1 null have a modest effect on genetic susceptibility to ATLI, but no significant evidence for GSTT1 null/null.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Pang X, Ma J, Sun F. Preliminary crystallographic studies on ACAP1 BAR-PH and GAP-ANK domains. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730809199x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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228
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Zhu G, Sun F, Fang Q, Qiu S. The synthesis and structure of multifunctional metal-organic frameworks. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308095962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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229
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Zhai Y, Li Z, Ouyang Z, Sun F. Crystallographic study of the bacterial prolipoprotein post-translational lipid modification system. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308092003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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230
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Rogers R, Bachmann G, Jumadilova Z, Sun F, Morrow JD, Guan Z, Bavendam T. Efficacy of tolterodine on overactive bladder symptoms and sexual and emotional quality of life in sexually active women. Int Urogynecol J 2008; 19:1551-7. [PMID: 18685795 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-008-0688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and sexual and emotional health in sexually active women with OAB/urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) treated with tolterodine extended release (ER). Sexually active women with OAB symptoms were randomized to placebo or tolterodine ER. Five-day bladder diaries, Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire-Female (SQOL-F), Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) were completed at baseline and week 12. Tolterodine ER (n = 201; mean +/- SD age, 49 +/- 12 years) reduced UUI episodes (P = 0.0029), total (P = 0.0006) and OAB (P < 0.0001) micturitions, and pad use per 24 h (P = 0.0024), and was associated with improvements in SQOL-F (P = 0.004), PISQ total (P = 0.009), and HAD Anxiety (P = 0.03) scores versus placebo (n = 210; mean +/- SD age, 47 +/- 12 years). OAB symptoms improved with tolterodine ER as did the scores of sexual health and anxiety measures in sexually active women with OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rogers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10-5580 Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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231
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Abstract
SRG3 (Smarcc1) is a core subunit of the SWI/SNF complex. In the absence of SRG3, embryonic development ceases during peri-implantation stages, indicating that SRG3, as well as the chromatin-remodelling process, plays an essential role in early mouse development. To gain a better understanding of chromatin remodelling during the early stages of development, we examined SRG3 expression during oogenesis and preimplantation stages using immunofluorescence and western blot assays. SRG3 was detected in nuclei of oocytes during growth and maturation. Following fertilization, SRG3 was detected in pronuclei shortly after their formation. Nuclear concentrations of SRG3 increased in a time-dependent fashion and were found to be greater in the male pronucleus than in the female pronucleus. The increase in nuclear SRG3 was partially inhibited by a protein synthesis inhibitor, but not by a transcriptional inhibitor. Expression of SRG3 is accompanied by expression of Brg1 and Ini1, two other core subunits of the SWI/SNF complex. The expression of these three remodelling factors parallels that of SP1 and TBP, both spatially and temporally, in the mouse embryo, suggesting a role for remodelling factors in chromatin structure and function during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Programme for Graduation Studies, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
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232
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Sun F, Mikhaail-Philips M, Oliver-Bonet M, Ko E, Rademaker A, Turek P, Martin RH. Reduced meiotic recombination on the XY bivalent is correlated with an increased incidence of sex chromosome aneuploidy in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Mol Hum Reprod 2008; 14:399-404. [PMID: 18583429 PMCID: PMC2453242 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gan030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both aberrant meiotic recombination and an increased frequency of sperm aneuploidy have been observed in infertile men. However, this association has not been demonstrated within individual men. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the frequency of recombination observed in pachytene spermatocytes and the frequency of aneuploidy in sperm from the same infertile men. Testicular tissue from seven men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and six men undergoing vasectomy reversal (controls) underwent meiotic analysis. Recombination sites were recorded for individual chromosomes. Testicular and ejaculated sperm from NOA patients and controls, respectively, were tested for aneuploidy frequencies for chromosomes 9, 21, X and Y. There was a significant increase in the frequency of pachytene cells with at least one achiasmate bivalent in infertile men (12.4%) compared with controls (4.2%, P = 0.02). Infertile men also had a significantly higher frequency of sperm disomy than controls for chromosomes 21 (1.0% versus 0.24%, P = 0.001), XX (0.16% versus 0.03%, P = 0.004) and YY (0.12% versus 0.03%, P = 0.04). There was a significant correlation between meiotic cells with zero MLH1 foci in the sex body and total sex chromosome disomy (XX + YY + XY) in sperm from men with NOA (r = 0.79, P = 0.036).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Sun F, Mikhaail-Philips M, Oliver-Bonet M, Ko E, Rademaker A, Turek P, Martin R. The relationship between meiotic recombination in human spermatocytes and aneuploidy in sperm. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:1691-7. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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234
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Abstract
AIMS Our goal was to find a novel, biosurfactant-producing bacterium from Pacific Ocean deep-sea sediments. METHODS AND RESULTS An oil-degrading biosurfactant-producing bacterium TW53 was obtained from deep-sea sediment, and was identified through 16S rDNA analysis as belonging to the genus Rhodococcus. It lowered the surface tension of its culture to 34.4 mN m(-1). Thin layer chromatography (TLC) showed that the crude biosurfactants of TW53 were composed of lipopeptides and free fatty acids (FA). The lipopeptides were purified with column chromatography and then hydrolysed with 6 mol l(-1) HCl. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the hydrolyte in the hydrophobic fraction contained five kinds of FA with chain lengths of C(14)-C(19), and C(16)H(32)O(2) was a major component making up 59.18% of the total. However, 3-hydroxyl FA was not found, although it is usually found in lipopeptides. Silica gel TLC revealed that the hydrolyte in the hydrophilic fraction was composed of five kinds of amino acids; consistently, ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis confirmed the composition results and provided their sequence tentatively as Ala-Ile-Asp-Met-Pro. Furthermore, the yield and CMC (critical micelle concentrations) of purified lipopeptides were examined. The purified product reduced the surface tension of water to 30.7 mN m(-1) with a CMC value of 23.7 mg l(-1). These results suggest that Rhodococcus sp. TW53 produces a novel lipopeptide that we have named rhodofactin. CONCLUSION The deep-sea isolate Rhodococcus sp. TW53 was the first reported lipopeptide-producing bacterium of this genus. The lipopeptides had novel chemical compositions. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Rhodococcus sp. TW53 has potential in the exploration of new biosurfactants and could be used in bioremediation of marine oil pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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235
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Kadioglu A, Grohmann W, Depko A, Levinson IP, Sun F, Collins S. Quality of Erections in Men Treated with Flexible-Dose Sildenafil for Erectile Dysfunction: Multicenter Trial with a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase and an Open-Label Phase. J Sex Med 2008; 5:726-734. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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236
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Sun F, Chen J, Tong Q, Zeng S. Managing the performance risk of conventional waterworks in compliance with the natural organic matter regulation. Water Res 2008; 42:229-37. [PMID: 17675135 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the dual impact of both deteriorating water resources and stringent water quality regulations on the performance of conventional waterworks on a nationwide level, a methodology of a risk-based screening analysis is developed and further applied to evaluate the natural organic matter (NOM) regulation in the new standards for drinking water quality. Due to the large number of drinking water sources and conventional waterworks, as well as the lack of detailed field observations in China, such an analysis is wholly based on a validated conceptual model. The performance risk of conventional waterworks in compliance with the new regulation is estimated within the framework of risk assessment through Monte Carlo simulation to account for the uncertainties associated with model parameters, source water quality and operation conditions across different waterworks. A screening analysis is simultaneously performed using a task-based Hornberger-Spear-Young algorithm to identify the critical operation parameters that determine the performance risk, based on which potential strategies to manage the performance risk are proposed and evaluated. The effects of the model parameter uncertainties on the simulation results are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
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237
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Sun F, Oliver-Bonet M, Liehr T, Starke H, Ko E, Rademaker A, Martin RH. Discontinuities and unsynapsed regions in meiotic chromosomes have a trans effect on meiotic recombination of some chromosomes in human males. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 119:27-32. [PMID: 18160778 DOI: 10.1159/000109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During meiosis, homologous chromosome pairing and synapsis are essential for subsequent meiotic recombination (crossing-over). Discontinuous regions (gaps) and unsynapsed regions (splits) were most frequently observed in the heterochromatic regions of bivalent synaptonemal complex (SC) 9, and we have previously demonstrated that gaps and splits significantly altered the distribution of MLH1 recombination foci on SC 9. Here, immunofluorescence techniques (using antibodies against SC proteins and the crossover-associated MLH1 protein) were combined with a centromere-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization technique that allows identification of every individual chromosome. The effect of gaps/splits on meiotic recombination patterns in autosomes other than chromosome 9 during the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase was then examined in 6,026 bivalents from 262 pachytene cells from three human males. In 64 analyzed cells with a gapped SC 9, the frequency of MLH1 foci in SCs 5 and 10 and in SC arms 10q, 11p and 16q was decreased compared to 168 analyzed cells with a normally-synapsed SC 9 (controls). In 24 analyzed cells with splits in SC 9, there was a significant reduction in MLH1 focus frequency for SC 5q and the whole SC5 bivalent. The positioning of MLH1 foci on other SCs in cells with gapped/split SC 9 was not altered. These studies suggest that gaps and splits not only have a cis effect, but may also have a trans effect on meiotic recombination in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Canada
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238
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Abstract
AIMS Functional screens using skimmed-milk agar to obtain protease activity is a common approach. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of this screen to obtain protease activity from a metagenomic library. METHODS AND RESULTS A distal gut metagenomic library was functionally screened using a skimmed-milk agar. The functional screen provided 231 clones generating the characteristic clear halo indicative of protease production. Clone analysis revealed that they were not protease-positive, but expressed glycosidic hydrolases and produced acid, which was responsible for the clear halos. CONCLUSIONS The current skimmed-milk agar method to obtain proteases is not sufficiently robust to provide a definitive screen. Other- non-protease activities will also give the same clear halo and these would be interpreted as protease positive clones without further analysis. Hence a more robust buffered medium or a specific protein should be used. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Functional screens are a powerful approach to obtaining enzymes from large metagenomic libraries and proteases are a particularly interesting target. The skimmed-milk agar is not sufficiently robust to ensure that only proteases are isolated and in order to save time and money this study has shown that better designed media can aid in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Jones
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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239
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Preston RA, Harvey P, Herfert O, Dykstra G, Jukema JW, Sun F, Gillen D. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Coadministered Amlodipine and Atorvastatin in 1660 Patients With Concomitant Hypertension and Dyslipidemia: The Respond Trial. J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 47:1555-69. [DOI: 10.1177/0091270007307879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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240
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Meng DW, Wu XL, Sun F, Huang LW, Liu F, Han YJ, Zheng JP, Meng X, Mason R. High-pressure polymorphic transformation of rutile to alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 at {011}R twin boundaries. Micron 2007; 39:280-6. [PMID: 17698363 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of nano-scale lamellae of the alpha-PbO2-type polymorph of TiO2 sandwiched between twinned rutile inclusions in jadeite has been confirmed by electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, backed up by image simulation techniques, from ultrahigh-pressure jadeite quartzite at Shuanghe in the Dabie Mountains, China. The crystal structure is orthorhombic with lattice parameters a=4.58 A, b=5.42 A, c=5.02 A and space group Pbcn. A three-dimensional structural model has been constructed for the rutile to alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 phase transformation based on high-resolution electron microscopic images. Computer image simulation and structural model analysis reveal that rutile {011}R twin interface is a basic structural unit of alpha-PbO2-type TiO2. Nucleation of alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 lamellae 1-2 nm thick is caused by the displacement of one half of the titanium cations within the {011}R twin slab. This displacement reduces the Ti-O-Ti distance and is favored by high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Meng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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241
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Sun F, Stolinski M, Shojaee-Moradie F, Umpleby AM. Measurement of endogenous and exogenous triacylglycerol kinetics in the fed and fasted states. Biochem Soc Trans 2007; 35:482-3. [PMID: 17511633 DOI: 10.1042/bst0350482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that an abnormal postprandial accumulation of dietary fat is atherogenic. However, there is a lack of data describing the mechanisms for accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the postprandial period. There is therefore a need to establish a specific measure of the kinetics of endogenous and exogenous TAG in the postprandial period.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
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242
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Sun F, Miller S, Wood S, Côté MJ. Occurrence of Potato Cyst Nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, on Potato in the Saint-Amable Region, Quebec, Canada. Plant Dis 2007; 91:908. [PMID: 30780413 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-91-7-0908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. tuberosum) is one of the most important food crops in Canada. Potato cyst nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 and Globodera pallida (Stone, 1973) Behrens, 1975, are considered the most economically important nematode pests of potatoes worldwide and are the subject of strict quarantine regulations in many countries including Canada. In Canada, G. rostochiensis was found in the Saanich Peninsula of Vancouver Island, British Columbia and both G. rostochiensis and G. pallida are present on the island of Newfoundland (3). During August of 2006, soil and roots of potato plants collected from a 19.2-ha field in the Saint-Amable region, Quebec, were submitted to the Nematology Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa. Golden, spherical-shaped cysts were found associated with the roots and were also extracted from the soil. The nematodes recovered were identified by morphological and morphometric analysis and DNA analysis. Measurements and morphological observation of 60 second-stage juveniles were as follows: body length = 427.4 ± 22.0 (395 to 495) μm; stylet length = 21.3 ± 1.2 (18 to 23) μm; distance from stylet base to dorsal esophageal gland opening = 5.5 ± 0.9 (3.5 to 7.0) μm; tail length = 46.7 ± 3.7 (36 to 58) μm; hyaline tail terminus = 21.1 ± 3.1 (13 to 27) μm; and the shape of stylet basal knobs varied from rounded to lateral flattened. Observations for 35 mature cysts were: number of cuticular ridges between anus and vulval fenestra = 21 ± 6 (12 to 31); fenestral length = 18.4 ± 3.6 (11 to 30) μm; distance from anus to the edge of fenestra = 81.1 ± 30.4 (29 to 165) μm; Granek's ratio = 4.4 ± 1.6 (1.8 to 6.0), with parallel wavy cuticular ridges between anus and vulval fenestra. These observations conformed to the published description of G. rostochiensis (2). Additionally, the identification was supported by the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern of the ITS-1 region amplified using primers 18S (5'-TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT-3') and rDNA1.58S (5'-ACGAGCCGAGTGATCCACCG-3') and digested with BstU I and a PCR product specific for G. rostochiensis (1). Sequence of a 1,190-bp PCR fragment of ribosomal DNA amplified using primers rDNA1 (5'-TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT-3') and rDNA2 (5'- TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAAGG-3') showed 99.0 to 100% identity with published DNA sequences of the same genomic region for G. rostochiensis (4). The sequence is available from the authors upon request. The origin of the introduction of G. rostochiensis into Saint-Amable is unknown. An intensive soil survey is underway to define the infested area, and strict quarantine measures have been taken to prevent further spread of G. rostochiensis. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the occurrence of G. rostochiensis in Quebec, Canada. References: (1) A. Fullaondo et al. Nematology 1:157, 1999. (2) A. M. Golden et al. Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 39:64, 1972. (3) A. R. Stone et al. Plant Dis. Rep. 61:590, 1977. (4) S. A. Subbotin et al. Nematology 2:591, 2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario K2H 8P9 Canada
| | - S Miller
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario K2H 8P9 Canada
| | - S Wood
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St. John's, Newfoundland, and Labrador, A1C 5X1 Canada
| | - M-J Côté
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario K2H 8P9 Canada
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243
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Moran MA, Belas R, Schell MA, González JM, Sun F, Sun S, Binder BJ, Edmonds J, Ye W, Orcutt B, Howard EC, Meile C, Palefsky W, Goesmann A, Ren Q, Paulsen I, Ulrich LE, Thompson LS, Saunders E, Buchan A. Ecological genomics of marine Roseobacters. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:4559-69. [PMID: 17526795 PMCID: PMC1932822 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02580-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterioplankton of the marine Roseobacter clade have genomes that reflect a dynamic environment and diverse interactions with marine plankton. Comparative genome sequence analysis of three cultured representatives suggests that cellular requirements for nitrogen are largely provided by regenerated ammonium and organic compounds (polyamines, allophanate, and urea), while typical sources of carbon include amino acids, glyoxylate, and aromatic metabolites. An unexpectedly large number of genes are predicted to encode proteins involved in the production, degradation, and efflux of toxins and metabolites. A mechanism likely involved in cell-to-cell DNA or protein transfer was also discovered: vir-related genes encoding a type IV secretion system typical of bacterial pathogens. These suggest a potential for interacting with neighboring cells and impacting the routing of organic matter into the microbial loop. Genes shared among the three roseobacters and also common in nine draft Roseobacter genomes include those for carbon monoxide oxidation, dimethylsulfoniopropionate demethylation, and aromatic compound degradation. Genes shared with other cultured marine bacteria include those for utilizing sodium gradients, transport and metabolism of sulfate, and osmoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Moran
- Department of Marine Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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244
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Blank R, LaSalle J, Reeves R, Maroni J, Tarasenko L, Sun F. Single‐Pill Therapy in the Treatment of Concomitant Hypertension and Dyslipidemia (The Amlodipine/Atorvastatin Gemini Study). J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2007; 7:264-73. [PMID: 15886529 PMCID: PMC8109673 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2005.04533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Gemini Study was a 14-week, open-label, non-comparative, office-based, multicenter trial to evaluate single-pill therapy in the treatment of concomitant hypertension and dyslipidemia. In addition to recommending lifestyle modifications, eight dosage strengths of amlodipine/atorvastatin single pill (5/10, 5/20, 5/40, 5/80, 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, and 10/80 mg) were electively titrated to improve blood pressure and lipid control. A total of 1220 patients with uncontrolled hypertension at baseline received study medication. At baseline, mean blood pressure was 146.6/87.9 mm Hg and mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was 152.9 mg/dL. At study end, 57.7% of patients had achieved both their blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals (51.9% of patients with uncontrolled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at baseline). The mean dose of study medication at end point was amlodipine component 7.1 mg and atorvastatin component 26.2 mg. Fifty-eight patients (4.8%) discontinued therapy due to adverse events. Single-pill therapy is effective in reducing both blood pressure and lipid levels and in helping patients achieve goals for both hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Blank
- Southern Piedmont Primary Care, Presbyterian Hospital, Monroe, NC 28112, USA.
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245
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Shu G, Gao P, Zhu X, Jiang Q, Xu P, Zhou G, Sun F, Fu W. Effects of glycyl-glutamine on the growth
performance and lipid deposition in Yue-Huang
broilers. J Anim Feed Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/66744/2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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246
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Zhang Y, Yang YL, Sun F, Cai X, Qian N, Yuan Y, Wang ZX, Qi Y, Xiao JX, Wang XY, Zhang YH, Jiang YW, Qin J, Wu XR. Clinical and molecular survey in 124 Chinese patients with Leigh or Leigh-like syndrome. J Inherit Metab Dis 2007; 30:265. [PMID: 17323145 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-006-0481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Revised: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is the most common mitochondrial disorder in children characterized by necrotic lesions in the central nervous system. Both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain can lead to this disease. To characterize the clinical and genetic traits of Leigh or Leigh-like syndrome patients in China, 124 unrelated cases were collected between 1992 and 2005. Seventy-seven cases (62.1%) met the typical criteria of Leigh syndrome, including symmetrical bilateral abnormal signals in the basal ganglia, thalamus and brain stem, etc. Other cases (37.9%) belonged to Leigh-like syndrome with atypical clinical or radiological manifestations. Late-onset patients accounted for 20.2%, which is more than previously reported. Movement disorder was the most common symptoms in our patients. Thirty-two patients (25.8%) were confirmed to carry mutant genes. Among them, six cases (4.8%) have been demonstrated to have point mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Two separate patients were detected to have mutations on A8344G and A3243G. The T8993G point mutation was identified in one patient and T8993C in one other patient. SURF1 mutations associated with cytochrome-c oxidase deficiency were identified in 25 patients (20.2%). Four unreported variations have been identified in SURF1 gene from three patients. G604C was found in 22 patients. Only one patient had C214T mutation in the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1alpha subunit gene. In the remaining 92 patients (74.2%), a specific molecular dysfunction or underlying metabolic abnormality could not be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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247
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Sun F, Chen J, Tong Q, Zeng S. Integrated risk assessment and screening analysis of drinking water safety of a conventional water supply system. Water Sci Technol 2007; 56:47-56. [PMID: 17898443 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Management of drinking water safety is changing towards an integrated risk assessment and risk management approach that includes all processes in a water supply system from catchment to consumers. However, given the large number of water supply systems in China and the cost of implementing such a risk assessment procedure, there is a necessity to first conduct a strategic screening analysis at a national level. An integrated methodology of risk assessment and screening analysis is thus proposed to evaluate drinking water safety of a conventional water supply system. The violation probability, indicating drinking water safety, is estimated at different locations of a water supply system in terms of permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, turbidity, residual chlorine and trihalomethanes. Critical parameters with respect to drinking water safety are then identified, based on which an index system is developed to prioritize conventional water supply systems in implementing a detailed risk assessment procedure. The evaluation results are represented as graphic check matrices for the concerned hazards in drinking water, from which the vulnerability of a conventional water supply system is characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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248
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Sun F, Greene C, Turek PJ, Ko E, Rademaker A, Martin RH. Immunofluorescent synaptonemal complex analysis in azoospermic men. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 111:366-70. [PMID: 16192718 DOI: 10.1159/000086913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 12/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular cause of germ cell meiotic defects in azoospermic men is rarely known. During meiotic prophase I, a proteinaceous structure called the synaptonemal complex (SC) appears along the pairing axis of homologous chromosomes and meiotic recombination takes place. Newly-developed immunofluorescence techniques for SC proteins (SCP1 and SCP3) and for a DNA mismatch repair protein (MLH1) present in late recombination nodules allow simultaneous analysis of synapsis, and of meiotic recombination, during the first meiotic prophase in spermatocytes. This immunofluorescent SC analysis enables accurate meiotic prophase substaging and the identification of asynaptic pachytene spermatocytes. Spermatogenic defects were examined in azoospermic men using immunofluorescent SC and MLH1 analysis. Five males with obstructive azoospermia, 18 males with nonobstructive azoospermia and 11 control males with normal spermatogenesis were recruited for the study. In males with obstructive azoospermia, the fidelity of chromosome pairing (determined by the percentage of cells with gaps [discontinuities]/splits [unpaired chromosome regions] in the SCs, and nonexchange SCs [bivalents with 0 MLH1 foci]) was similar to those in normal males. The recombination frequencies (determined by the mean number of MLH1 foci per cell at the pachytene stage) were significantly reduced in obstructive azoospermia compared to that in controls. In men with nonobstructive azoospermia, a marked heterogeneity in spermatogenesis was found: 45% had a complete absence of meiotic cells; 5% had germ cells arrested at the zygotene stage of meiotic prophase; the rest had impaired fidelity of chromosome synapsis and significantly reduced recombination in pachytene. In addition, significantly more cells were in the leptotene and zygotene meiotic prophase stages in nonobstructive azoospermic patients, compared to controls. Defects in chromosome pairing and decreased recombination during meiotic prophase may have led to spermatogenesis arrest and contributed in part to this unexplained infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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249
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Sun F, Wong SS, Li GC, Chen SN. A preliminary assessment of consumer's exposure to pesticide residues in fisheries products. Chemosphere 2006; 62:674-80. [PMID: 15992859 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2004] [Revised: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 04/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The fisheries products in this study comprise fish, bivalve, crustacean and cephalopod collected from different types of markets in Taiwan between the years 2001 and 2003. A total of 91 pesticide residues belonging to four major pesticide groups were tested and analyzed. The test results show that 65.40% of fish, 93.55% of shellfish, 84.92% of crustacean and 98.33% of cephalopod samples contain no detectable residues. There are only two kinds (organochlorine and organophosphate) of totally six pesticides (DDTs, dieldrin, chlorpyrifos, fenitrotion, fenthion and prothion) that have been detected from the fisheries products in this study. For there were pesticides present in the fish products, consumption of fisheries product there was no zero risk. But the exposure of consumer did not exceed the acceptable daily intakes (ADI). For male, there was the highest risk in exposure to dieldrin, which the percentage of ADI was 93.56%. This study also suggests that a yearly monitoring program for organophosphate pesticide residues in fish is necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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250
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Abstract
To date, immunocytology has been used in humans to detect a limited number of meiotic proteins: components of the synaptonemal complex (SCP1 and SCP3) and some proteins known to participate in recombination events, such as MLH1 or RAD51. However, the colocalization or coexistence of proteins known to participate during the different stages of human meiosis remains largely unstudied, and these studies could provide important clues about the mechanics of recombination. This work reports the relative timing and localization of five different meiotic proteins that have previously been implicated in human homologous recombination [RAD51, replication protein A (RPA), MSH4, MLH1 and MLH3]. MSH4 foci appear concurrently with synapsis initiation at zygotene, shortly after the first RAD51 foci are detected. The presence of RPA in MSH4 foci was noted, suggesting that these two proteins may act co-operatively. Both RPA and MSH4 foci reach maximal numbers at the end of zygotene, when synapsis is concluding. From this point, RPA foci all but disappear by the end of pachytene, whereas MSH4 foci decline to a stable number at mid-pachytene, where they localize with MLH1/MLH3 recombination sites. We discuss a possible role for MSH4 in synapsis initiation and/or maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oliver-Bonet
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
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