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Kim JT, Lee JH, Cho CW, Kim HC, Bahk JH. The influence of spinal flexion in the lateral decubitus position on the unilaterality of spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2013; 117:1017-1021. [PMID: 24023022 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3182a1ee53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For unilateral spinal block, local anesthetics should affect the spinal nerves of 1 side. With full flexion of the spine, the sunken cauda equina becomes tightened and is suspended in the middle of the subarachnoid space. We performed this study to assess whether spinal flexion facilitates unilateral spinal anesthesia. METHODS Hyperbaric bupivacaine (8 mg) was administered at the L3-4 interspace through a 25-gauge Quincke needle at a rate of 0.02 mL/s. Patients were randomly allocated to group F (with full spinal flexion) or group N (the hips and back straightened). After maintaining the lateral position for 15 minutes with or without spinal flexion, patients were gently returned to the supine position. Spinal blockade was assessed by loss of pinprick sensation and the modified Bromage motor scale. RESULTS While the lateral position was maintained, sensory block was noted on the nondependent side in 14 of 16 patients in group N (87.5%) but only in 1 of 16 patients in group F (6.3%) (P < 0.001). The median level of sensory block in group N was L5 on the nondependent side just before turning to the supine position. When patients were returned to the supine position, sensory blockade on the nondependent side was noted in all group N patients (100%) and 15 group F patients (93.7%). The sensory level on the nondependent side between group N and group F were similar after turning supine. CONCLUSIONS Strict unilateral sensory block was not achieved even after lateral decubitus positioning with spinal flexion, when 8 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine was administered manually at a conventionally slow rate through a beveled spinal needle. However, maintaining flexion of the spinal column during lateral decubitus positioning altered the initial onset of sensory block with respect to laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center; and Department of radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Lim KJ, Lee JM, Byon HJ, Kim HS, Kim CS, Lee SK, Kim JT. The Effect of Full Expiration on the Position and Size of the Subclavian Vein in Spontaneously Breathing Adults. Anesth Analg 2013; 117:109-13. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31826257f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lee JH, Park YH, Byon HJ, Han WK, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim JT. A Comparative Trial of the GlideScope® Video Laryngoscope to Direct Laryngoscope in Children with Difficult Direct Laryngoscopy and an Evaluation of the Effect of Blade Size. Anesth Analg 2013; 117:176-81. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318292f0bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kim JT, Park YH. Reply: To PMID 21511247. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95:1845. [PMID: 23608287 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Park YH, Jang YE, Byon HJ, Kim JT, Kim HS. Comparison of the efficacy of ramosetron and ondansetron in the prophylaxis of postoperative vomiting in children receiving fentanyl by patient-controlled analgesia after orthopedic surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Paediatr Anaesth 2013; 23:360-4. [PMID: 23281658 DOI: 10.1111/pan.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to compare the efficacy of prophylactic ramosetron and ondansetron in preventing postoperative vomiting in children who received fentanyl by patient-controlled analgesia after orthopedic surgery. METHODS Two hundred and eighteen children, 2-15 years old, ASA physical status 1 or 2, scheduled for elective orthopedic surgeries, were randomly divided into the ramosetron group (n = 109) or ondansetron group (n = 109). Patients in ondansetron group received ondansetron 100 μg·kg(-1) and patients in ramosetron group received ramosetron 6 μg·kg(-1) after surgery. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with fentanyl was used in both groups. The incidence of postoperative vomiting and side effects were assessed during the 48 h after surgery. RESULTS There was significantly less vomiting during the first 24-h and 6-24-h period after surgery in ramosetron group than in ondansetron group (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in side effect of 5-HT(3) antagonist between the two groups. CONCLUSION Ramosetron was more effective during the first 24-h period after surgery than ondansetron in children using fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia after general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hee Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Seong YW, Kang CH, Kim JT, Moon HJ, Park IK, Kim YT. Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy in Children: Safety, Efficacy, and Risk Factors for Conversion to Thoracotomy. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95:1236-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kim JT, Yang SM, Lee KH. The effects of an insulin-glucose-potassium (IGK) pretreatment on the bupivacaine cardiotoxicity. Korean J Anesthesiol 2013; 64:47-53. [PMID: 23372886 PMCID: PMC3558649 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2013.64.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of an IGK pretreatment on the cardiotoxicity of bupivacaine. METHODS Twenty-one anesthetized mongrel dogs were randomly divided into the following three groups: the control group (CG, n = 7), the treatment group (TG, n = 7) and the pretreatment group (PTG, n = 7). For the 30 min of pretreatment period, CG and TG received normal saline, while PTG received an IV bolus of insulin 2 U/kg, followed by an IGK infusion (2 U/kg/hr of insulin, 0.5-1.5 g/kg/hr of glucose, 1-2 mEq/kg/hr of KCl). The bupivacaine infusion was started at the rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min in all groups after the pretreatment period. CG received normal saline only. In TG, insulin (2 U/kg) was injected simultaneously with bupivacaine infusion, followed by the IGK infusion as with PTG. The hemodynamic variables and the time duration to reach the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 60 mmHg were compared. RESULTS The bupivacaine infusion decreased the cardiac index, MAP, and heart rate in all three groups. Although insulin concentration was higher in TG than in PTG during bupivacaine infusion, the hemodynamic variables in PTG decreased at the slowest rate. The time taken to reach MAP of 60 mmHg in PTG, TG, and CG was 51.4 ± 8.5, 36.4 ± 9.6, and 27.1 ± 8.7 min, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS IGK delays the bupivacaine-induced cardiac depression. However, a pretreatment with IGK is more effective in delaying the bupivacaine-induced hypotension than simultaneous administration, regardless of insulin concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Choi YJ, Cho BH, Park MH, Nam TS, Kim JT, Lee SH, Kim BC, Kim MK, Cho KH. Clinical analysis of orthostatic headache in Korean patients. J Headache Pain 2013. [PMCID: PMC3620198 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-s1-p153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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209
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Choi YJ, Cho BH, Park MH, Nam TS, Kim JT, Lee SH, Kim BC, Kim MK, Cho KH. Clinical analysis of orthostatic headache in Korean patients. J Headache Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-1-s1-p153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Yezhov PV, Kuzmenko AV, Kim JT, Smirnova TN. Method of synthesized phase objects for pattern recognition: matched filtering. Opt Express 2012; 20:29854-29866. [PMID: 23388812 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.029854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To solve the pattern recognition problem, a method of synthesized phase objects is suggested. The essence of the suggested method is that synthesized phase objects are used instead of real amplitude objects. The former is object-dependent phase distributions calculated using the iterative Fourier-transform (IFT) algorithm. The method is experimentally studied with a Vander Lugt optical-digital 4F-correlator. We present the comparative analysis of recognition results using conventional and proposed methods, estimate the sensitivity of the latter to distortions of the structure of objects, and determine the applicability limits. It is demonstrated that the proposed method allows one: (а) to simplify the procedure of choice of recognition signs (criteria); (b) to obtain one-type δ-like recognition signals irrespective of the type of objects; (с) to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for correlation signals by 20 - 30 dB on average. The spatial separation of the Fourier-spectra of objects and optical noises of the correlator by means of the superposition of the phase grating on recognition objects at the recording of holographic filters and at the matched filtering has additionally improved SNR (>10 dB) for correlation signals. To introduce recognition objects in the correlator, we use a SLM LC-R 2500 device. Matched filters are recorded on a self-developing photopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Yezhov
- Institute of Physics of NAS of Ukraine, Nauky Av. 46, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Kim JT, Lee Y, Kim B, Wang D, Gould PL, Eyler EE, Stwalley WC. Spectroscopic investigation of the A and 3 1Σ+ states of 39K85Rb. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:244301. [PMID: 23277930 DOI: 10.1063/1.4771661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By using a combination of molecular beam (MB) excitation spectra and two distinct ultracold molecule excitation spectra (UM+ and UM-), we have assigned high vibrational levels of the A and 3 (1)Σ(+) states from absorption spectra of the mutually strongly perturbed A (1)Σ(+) - 3 (1)Σ(+) - 1 (1)Π - 2 (3)Σ(+) - b (3)Π states of ultracold (39)K(85)Rb molecules in the energy region between 15,116 and 16,225 cm(-1) above the minimum of the ground X (1)Σ(+) state. The ultracold molecules (UM+ and UM-) are formed by radiative decay following photoassociation (PA) to a specific level of the 3(0(+)) state (UM+) or to a specific level of the 3(0(-)) state (UM-). We observe that the A and 3 (1)Σ(+) states are observable in the UM+ spectra, but absent from the UM- spectra. This is explained by considering Hund's case (c) selection rules and transition dipole moments between the upper excited A (1)Σ(+) (2(0(+))) state and the three Ω components (0(+), 0(-), and 1) at the ground-state dissociation limit. We propose further investigations of the extended potential wells of the A and 3 (1)Σ(+) states by combining short-range MB excitation spectra in a narrow Franck-Condon (FC) window near R(e) of the X (1)Σ(+) state, and long-range UM (and PA) excitation spectra, which have much larger FC windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Photonic Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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Park YH, Lee JH, Song HG, Byon HJ, Kim HS, Kim JT. The Accuracy of Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring Using the Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter in Children Undergoing Neurosurgery. Anesth Analg 2012; 115:1302-7. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31826b7e38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) determine the dynamics of gene expression. Interest often focuses on the topological structure of a GRN while numerical parameters (e.g. decay rates) are unknown and less important. For larger GRNs, inference of structure from gene expression data is prohibitively difficult. Models are often proposed based on integrative interpretation of multiple sources of information. We have developed DoGeNetS (Discrimination of Gene Network Structures), a method to directly assess candidate models of GRN structure against a target gene expression data set. The transsys language serves to model GRN structures. Numeric parameters are optimised to approximate the target data. Multiple restarts of optimisation yield score sets that provide a basis to statistically discriminate candidate models according to their potential to explain the target data. We demonstrate discrimination power of the DoGeNetS method by relating structural divergence to divergence between gene expression data sets. Known models are used to generate target expression data, and a set of candidate models with a defined structural divergence to the true model is produced. Structural divergence and divergence of expression profiles after optimisation are strongly correlated. We further show that discrimination is possible at noise levels exceeding those typical of contemporary microarray data. DoGeNetS is capable of discriminating the best GRN structure from among a small number of candidates. p values indicate whether differences in divergence of expression are significant. Although this study uses single gene knockouts, the DoGeNetS method can be adapted to simulate a virtually unlimited range of experimental conditions. [Includes supplementary material].
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Chae HS, Jang GE, Kim NH, Son HR, Lee JH, Kim SH, Park GN, Jo HJ, Kim JT, Chang KS. Classification of Cryptococcus neoformans and yeast-like fungus isolates from pigeon droppings by colony phenotyping and ITS genotyping and their seasonal variations in Korea. Avian Dis 2012; 56:58-64. [PMID: 22545529 DOI: 10.1637/9703-030711-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans (C neoformans) is a frequent cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised human hosts. Ninety-eight samples of pigeon droppings were collected from the pigeon shelters in Seoul, and cultured on birdseed agar (BSA) and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). One hundred yeast-like colonies were selected and identified via phenotype characteristics, such as colony morphology and biochemical characteristics. This was then followed with genotyping via sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The colonies were classified into four kinds of colony color types: brown type (BrT), beige type (BeT), pink type (PT), and white type (WT). Numbers of isolated BrT, BeT, PT, and WT colonies were 22 (22%), 30 (30%), 19 (19%), and 39 (39%), respectively. All BrT colonies were identified as C neoformans. BeT were identified as 19 isolates of Cryptococcus laurentii, 10 isolates of Malassezia furfur, and 1 isolate of Cryptococcus uniguttulatus. PT was divided into two colony color types: light-PT (l-PT) and deep-PT (d-PT). Eighteen of l-PT and one of d-PT were identified as Rhodotorula glutinis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, respectively. WT were identified as 34 isolates of Cryptococcus guilliermondii, 3 isolates of Cryptococcus zeylanoides, 1 isolate of Cryptococcus sake, and 1 isolate of Stephanoascus ciferrii. Most strains were classified identically with the use of either phenotype or genotyping techniques, but C uniguttulatus and C sake classified by phenotyping were Pseudozyma aphidis and Cryptococcus famata by genotyping. This rapid screening technique of pathogenic yeast-like fungi by only colony characteristics is also expected to be very useful for primary yeast screening. Additionally, we investigated the seasonal variations of C neoformans and other yeast-like fungi from 379 pigeon-dropping samples that were collected from February 2011 to March 2011. We isolated 685 yeast-like fungi from the samples. Almost all C neoformans and yeast-like fungi were isolated in the fall (298 strains, 43.5%) and spring (244 strains, 35.6%). A few yeast-like fungi were isolated in winter (98 strains, 14.3%) and summer (45 strains, 6%). These results would be used as an important indicator related to epidemiology and prevention of pathogenic yeast-like fungi infections transmitted through pigeon droppings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chae
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment, Yang-Jae dong, Seo-Cho Gu, Seoul 137-131, Republic of Korea
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Byon HJ, Park KS, Park YH, Kim JT, Jung CW, Kim HS. The influence of DNA polymorphism of multidrug resistant 1 (MDR1) on the effect of midazolam pretreatment in children. Korean J Anesthesiol 2012; 62:332-6. [PMID: 22558499 PMCID: PMC3337379 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.4.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients showed a different response following intravenous midazolam injection. Some children showed irritability or were not sedated by midazolam. We hypothesized that there may be genetic variations of the MDR1 gene, based on the response to midazolam. Methods One hundred and ninety-three pediatric patients were recruited in this study. Midazolam (0.1 mg/kg) was injected intravenously before surgery. Anxiety score (activity, vocalizations, emotional expressivity, state of apparent arousal) was checked before and 5 minutes after midazolam injection. In addition, other manifestations after midazolam injection were recorded. After anesthesia, 2 ml of blood was sampled. Children were genotyped MDR1. Haplotype was analyzed using the software package PHASE, version 2.0. Results The observed frequencies of MDR1 haplotype of TTT, TGC, CAC, CGC were 0.334, 0.205, 0.182 and 0.225, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the response of midazolam and the MDR1 haplotype of TTT, TGC, CAC or CGC (P = 0.98). Conclusions Genotyping of MDR1 may not be related to the response of midazolam in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Byon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Ra HW, Kim JT, Khan R, Sharma D, Yook YG, Hahn YB, Park JH, Kim DG, Im YH. Robust and multifunctional nanosheath for chemical and biological nanodevices. Nano Lett 2012; 12:1891-1897. [PMID: 22432910 DOI: 10.1021/nl204280d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of advanced nanoscale chemical and biological devices to life science has been limited to a small number of nanomaterials, due to the absence of effective surface modification routes. Herein, we demonstrate a polymer-like nanosheath synthesized by nonthermal plasma technology (NPT) that can protect the core nanomaterial from the solution environment and provide a multifunctional platform for chemical and biological nanosensors. For ZnO nanowires (NWs) which are unstable in solution, we demonstrate that this nanosheath makes it possible for ZnO NW field-effect transistors to act as a pH sensor for 24 h and a biosensor for the real-time, label-free detection of liver cancer markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Ra
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Baekje-Daero, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
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Sohn HM, Park YH, Byon HJ, Kim JT, Kim HS, Kim CS. Application of the continuous autotransfusion system (CATS) to prevent transfusion-related hyperkalemia following hyperkalemic cardiac arrest in an infant -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol 2012; 62:281-4. [PMID: 22474558 PMCID: PMC3315661 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.3.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-induced hyperkalemia can lead to cardiac arrest, especially when the patient rapidly receives a large amount of red blood cells (RBCs), previously stored for a long period of time, irradiated or both. We report on a case of application of the Continuous AutoTransfusion System (CATS) to wash RBCs, in order to lower the high potassium (K(+)) level in the packed RBCs unit, during massive transfusion following transfusion-induced hyperkalemic cardiac arrest. After the washing process using CATS, there was no more electrocardiographic abnormality or cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia. This case emphasizes the potential risk to develop transfusion-related hyperkalemic cardiac arrest, during massive transfusion of irradiated, pre-stored RBCs. CATS can be effectively used to lower the K(+) concentration in the packed RBCs unit, especially when the risk of transfusion-induced hyperkalemia is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Sohn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Park SJ, Kim HS, Byon HJ, Kim CS, Cheong IY, Kim JT. Intraoperative Plasma Lactate as an Early Indicator of Major Postoperative Events in Pediatric Cardiac Patients. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2012; 228:239-45. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.228.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joo Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Hee-Soo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Hyo-Jin Byon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inha National University Hospital
| | - Chong-Sung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Il-Young Cheong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital
| | - Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
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Kim JT, Lee Y, Kim B, Wang D, Stwalley WC, Gould PL, Eyler EE. Spectroscopic analysis of the coupled 1(1)Π, 2(3)Σ+ (Ω = 0-, 1), and b(3)Π (Ω = 0±, 1, 2) states of the KRb molecule using both ultracold molecules and molecular beam experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18755-61. [PMID: 21829828 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the spectroscopic characterization of excited electronic states of KRb by combining spectra from molecular beam (MB) experiments with those from ultracold molecules (UM) formed by photoassociation (PA) of ultracold atoms. Spectra involving the 1(1)Π, 2(3)Σ(+), and b(3)Π states in a strongly perturbed region have been identified. This approach provides a powerful method to identify the vibrational levels of the excited electronic states perturbed globally by neighboring electronic states. This is because the two sets of spectra from the UM and the MB experiments probe the same energy region from very different initial electronic states. The UM experiments utilize high v'' levels of the a(3)Σ(+) state with large internuclear separations, while the MB experiments utilize low v'' levels of the ground X(1)Σ(+) state with near-equilibrium internuclear separations. Only the Ω = 1 levels of the 2(3)Σ(+) and b(3)Π states are observed in the MB spectra, while the Ω = 0(-), 1 levels of the 2(3)Σ(+) state and the Ω = 0(±), 1, 2 levels of the b(3)Π state are observed in the UM spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Dept. of Photonic Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea.
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Jo DH, Vu NH, Kim JT, Hwang IK. Modal loss mechanism of micro-structured VCSELs studied using full vector FDTD method. Opt Express 2011; 19:18272-18282. [PMID: 21935194 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.018272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Modal properties of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with holey structures are studied using a finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. We investigate loss behavior with respect to the variation of structural parameters, and explain the loss mechanism of VCSELs. We also propose an effective method to estimate the modal loss based on mode profiles obtained using FDTD simulation. Our results could provide an important guideline for optimization of the microstructures of high-power single-mode VCSELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Ho Jo
- Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim HS, Lee SJ, Kim CS, Kim JT. Effect of triamcinolone added to scalp nerve block for postoperative pain management of Moyamoya disease. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 61:173-4. [PMID: 21927693 PMCID: PMC3167142 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2011.61.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Soo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee Y, Yoon Y, Kim JT, Lee S, Kim B. Unravelling complex spectra of a simple molecule: REMPI study of the 420 nm band system of KRb. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:2018-23. [PMID: 21381178 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Complex spectra of the KRb 420 nm system are analyzed by mass-resolved resonance enhanced two-photon ionization in a cold molecular beam. Vibronic structures of three singlet-singlet (4(1)Π, 7(1)Σ(+), and 5(1)Π←X(1)Σ(+)) transitions were identified for the first time. By comparing with highly accurate ab initio calculations, we assigned the singlet excited electronic states, and determined their electronic term values and vibrational constants. Weak singlet-triplet transitions were observed and identified as the 5(3)Π(0(+))←X(1)Σ(+) transitions by the homogeneous perturbation selection rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
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Weon BM, Kim JT, Je JH, Yi JM, Wang S, Lee WK. Colloid coalescence with focused x rays. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:018301. [PMID: 21797577 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.018301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We show direct evidence that focused x rays enable us to merge polymer colloidal particles at room temperature. This phenomenon is ascribed to the photochemical scission of colloids with x rays, reducing the molecular weight, glass transition temperature, surface tension, and viscosity of colloids. The observation of the neck bridge growth with time shows that the x-ray-induced colloid coalescence is analogous to viscoelastic coalescence. This finding suggests a feasible protocol of photonic nanofabrication by sintering or welding of polymers, without thermal damage, using x-ray photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Weon
- X-ray Imaging Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea.
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Kim JT, Park YH, Chang YE, Byon HJ, Kim HS, Kim CS, Lim HG, Kim WH, Lee JR, Kim YJ. The effect of cardioplegic solution-induced sodium concentration fluctuation on postoperative seizure in pediatric cardiac patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2011; 91:1943-8. [PMID: 21511247 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite potential benefits of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution as a cardioplegic solution, it can cause hyponatremia, especially in pediatric patients. Fluctuations in the sodium concentration during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can adversely affect the central nervous system. We evaluated the relationship between the cardioplegic solution, the fluctuation of sodium concentration, and the incidence of postoperative seizure in pediatric cardiac patients. METHODS The medical records of 628 patients were reviewed for the occurrence of a postoperative seizure, type of cardioplegic solution (HTK or del Nido solution), and intraoperative data. A change of sodium concentration exceeding 15 mmol/L (ΔNa>15) during CPB was defined as a significant fluctuation of sodium concentration. RESULTS Postoperative seizures were detected in 18 patients (2.9%). The ΔNa>15 was detected in 63 of 189 patients (33.3%) who received the HTK solution and in 14 of 439 patients (3.2%) who received the del Nido solution (p<0.001). The incidence of ΔNa>15 was strongly associated with postoperative seizure (odds ratio, 6.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 16.4, p=0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the ΔNa>15 remained significantly associated with postoperative seizure (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 12.3, p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution during CPB frequently causes fluctuations of sodium concentration, usually combined with hyponatremia, which is associated with postoperative seizure. Special attention to sodium concentration is required, particularly when HTK solution is used in pediatric cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The relative effectiveness of GlideScope(®) videolaryngoscopy (GV) for nasotracheal intubation in pediatric patients is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of GV for nasotracheal intubation compared with direct laryngoscopy (DL) in pediatric patients. METHODS Our patient cohort consisted of 80 children <10 years of age who required nasotracheal intubation for elective dental or facial surgery. The patients were randomly allocated to GV (n = 40) or DL (n = 40) group. The time to intubation (TTI), glottic view grade, frequency of Magill forceps use, and degree of difficulty in intubation were evaluated. RESULTS The median TTI was similar between the groups. The TTI of the former 20 patients was faster in the DL group (53.3 s, interquartile range: 42.0-64.3) than GV group (65.9 s, interquartile range: 56.0-93.9) (P = 0.007), whereas the TTI of the latter 20 patients was comparable between the groups. There were no significant differences in glottic view grade, frequency of Magill forceps use, and degree of difficulty in intubation between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS GV can provide similar intubation performance characteristics compared with DL when used for nasotracheal intubation in pediatric patients. However, experience is needed to be skillful in the GV to acquire comparable TTI with DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sung B, Kim HS, Park JW, Byon HJ, Kim JT, Kim CS. Anesthetic management with scalp nerve block and propofol/remifentanil infusion during awake craniotomy in an adolescent patient -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 59 Suppl:S179-82. [PMID: 21286435 PMCID: PMC3030031 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2010.59.s.s179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite of various neurophysiologic monitoring methods under general anesthesia, functional mapping at awake state during brain surgery is helpful for conservation of speech and motor function. But, awake craniotomy in children or adolescents is worrisome considering their emotional friabilities. We present our experience on anesthetic management for awake craniotomy in an adolescent patient. The patient was 16 years old male who would undergo awake craniotomy for removal of brain tumor. Scalp nerve block was done with local anesthetics and we infused propofol and remifentanil with target controlled infusion. The patient endured well and was cooperative before scalp suture, but when surgeon sutured scalp, he complained of pain and was suddenly agitated. We decided change to general anesthesia. Neurosurgeon did full neurologic examinations and there was no neurologic deficit except facial palsy of right side. Facial palsy had improved with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JM, Byon HJ, Kim JT, Kim HS, Kim CS. Transfusion-free anesthetic management for open heart surgery in a neonate -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 59 Suppl:S141-5. [PMID: 21286425 PMCID: PMC3030021 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2010.59.s.s141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In small infants or neonates, open heart surgery without transfusion can have many risks regarding inadequate oxygen delivery and coagulopathy. However, if parents refuse blood transfusion, cardiac surgery without transfusion should be considered. We report a case of bloodless cardiac surgery in a 2.89 kg neonate with Jehovah's Witness parents. Blood conserving strategies were used. Preoperatively, erythropoietin and iron were supplemented to increase the hemoglobin level. Intraoperatively, techniques for minimizing blood loss were used, such as reducing priming volume for cardiopulmonary bypass, a blood salvage system, and modified ultrafiltration. Postoperatively, pharmacologic agents were administered and blood sampling was minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Lee YS, Lee JH, Choi JS, Son CE, Jeon SW, Kim JT, Joo KJ, Cho YS, Jung US. Accessory polar renal artery encountered in transperitoneal systemic laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:87-90. [PMID: 21446334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase vigilance among gynecological surgeons for the presence of accessory polar renal artery (APRA) encountered with transperitoneal systemic laparoscopic paraaortic lymphadenectomy (LPAL). METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on 156 women who underwent LPAL for various gynecologic malignancies between November 2003 and December 2009. RESULTS The median age, parity, body mass index, and number of previous abdominal surgeries, respectively, of the women were 52 years (range, 23-82 years), two (range, 0-7), 24.1 kg/m2 (range, 17.4-35.0 kg/m2), and 0 (range, 0-3). During the study period, we found four women with APRA. There were three cases of right lower APRAs arising from the abdominal aorta, caudal to the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), terminating at the parenchyma of the lower pole of the right kidney. In the other case, the APRA arose from the abdominal aorta superior to the IMA. There were no vascular complications, such as transection or ligation of the APRA. CONCLUSION It is important for the gynecological oncologic surgeon to have knowledge of retroperitoneal vascular anatomy, experience in laparoscopic surgery, and an accurate surgical technique to avoid vascular injury during LPAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Flushing Hospital Medical Center, Flushing, NY, USA
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Kim JT, Byon HJ, Park SK, Kim HS, Kim CS. Mechanical valvular dysfunction detected by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography after valvular replacement in patients with congenital heart disease. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010; 25:671-2. [PMID: 20965748 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Vu NH, Kim JT, Kim ES, Jung CH, Lee KG, Hwang IK. Ultralow bending loss fibers with higher-order mode strippers. Opt Express 2010; 18:19456-19461. [PMID: 20940841 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.019456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate bend-insensitive fibers equipped with higher-order mode strippers. The mode stripper is realized by filling a section of air holes with epoxy to attenuate any higher-order modes that are excited at fiber junctions and are confined by the air holes surrounding the core. We found that the higher-order modes are well suppressed with 5 cm-long epoxy columns. An ultralow bending loss of 0.025 dB/turn at a bend diameter of 10 mm, together with single-modeness, is experimentally demonstrated in a bend-insensitive fiber with six air holes 16 μm in diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Hai Vu
- Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, South Korea
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Han KA, Kim HJ, Byon HJ, Kim JT, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim SD. Cardiac arrest induced by tension pneumothorax during ventilating bronchoscopy -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 59:123-6. [PMID: 20740219 PMCID: PMC2926429 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2010.59.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tension pneumothorax during ventilating bronchoscopy for foreign body removal is a rare but life-threatening complication. The authors present a case of cardiac arrest caused by tension pneumothorax in a 9-month-old girl who underwent ventilating bronchoscopy for foreign body (peanut) removal. Tension pneumothorax was due to tracheobronchial lacerations caused by a bronchoscope. The patient was successfully resuscitated by cardiopulmonary resuscitation and chest tube insertion. The airway injury was effectively repaired by thoracotomy under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Ah Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Byon HJ, Lee JW, Kim JK, Kim JT, Kim YT, Kim HS, Lee SC, Kim CS. Anesthetic management of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in pediatric patients: the issue of safety in infant and younger children. Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 59:99-103. [PMID: 20740214 PMCID: PMC2926437 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2010.59.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the safety issues concerning anesthetic management of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in pediatric patients. Methods The medical records of 52 pediatric patients undergoing VATS using general anesthesia and one-lung ventilation (OLV) were reviewed. OLV was achieved with a Fogarty catheter (n = 23) or endobronchial intubation (n = 7) in patients < 10 years of age (group Y, n = 30), and using a double-lumen tube (n = 19) or a univent (n = 3) in children aged between 10 and 16 years of age (group O, n = 22). Hypoxemia, hypercarbia, the difference between ETCO2 and PaCO2, and the effect of CO2 insufflation were assessed. Results A decrease in SpO2 less than 90% was observed in 40% of the group Y, compared to none of the group O (P < 0.05). A hypercarbia (ETCO2 > 50 mmHg) was observed more frequently in group Y (40%) than in group O (0%; P < 0.05). The difference between the ETCO2 and PaCO2 was 10.4 ± 8.9 mmHg in group Y and 4.6 ± 3.9 mmHg in group O (P < 0.05). Hypercarbia and acidosis occurred more frequently in patients with CO2 insufflation than those without insufflation in group Y. Conclusions Although the anesthesia for VATS in pediatric patients was successfully accomplished, the infants and younger children presented with more intra-operative problems when compared with older children. The anesthetic management for VATS in infants and younger children requires careful and vigilant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Byon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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237
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Abstract
We have investigated the KRb 480 nm system by mass-resolved resonance enhanced two-photon ionization in a cold molecular beam. The 1 (3)Delta(1), 4 (1)Sigma(+), and 5 (1)Sigma(+) <-- X (1)Sigma(+) transitions have been identified. For the 1 (3)Delta(1) and 5 (1)Sigma(+) states, the electronic term values and vibrational constants are determined experimentally for the first time. Potential energy curves of the 4 (1)Sigma(+) and 5 (1)Sigma(+) states undergo multiple avoided crossings with nearby (1)Sigma(+) states in the observed spectral region. For the 4 (1)Sigma(+) state, a vibrational numbering of the experimentally observed levels is suggested. Anomalies in vibronic structures of the 4 (1)Sigma(+) and 5 (1)Sigma(+) states are understood by comparison with high-level ab initio calculations currently available. The avoided crossing energies are also experimentally estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
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Baek WK, Cho J, Kim Y, Yoon YH, Kim JT, Kim KH, Kim DH, Park KS. Submitral left ventricular aneurysm of ischemic origin: report of two surgical cases. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 58:238-40. [PMID: 20514583 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Submitral left ventricular aneurysm has been exclusively recognized in the young African population and its occurrence in other than black Africans is rarely reported. Here we describe two surgical cases of submitral left ventricular aneurysm in Asian elderly persons. Although the aneurysms were typically located beneath the posterior mitral valve leaflet, we could identify diseased coronary arteries as well, unlike the reports in the literature asserting that this type of aneurysm occurs in the absence of coronary disease. The possible racial difference with regard to the etiology is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Baek
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Park CS, Lee CH, Lee YO, Kim GB, Kim JT, Kim YJ. Pulmonary valve repair late after right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in children and adolescents. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2010; 10:906-9. [DOI: 10.1510/icvts.2009.231217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kim JT, Na HS, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim SD. CPAP of 10 cmH2O during cardiopulmonary bypass followed by an alveolar recruitment manoeuvre does not improve post-bypass oxygenation compared to a recruitment manoeuvre alone in children. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:291-4. [PMID: 20369762 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1003800227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This randomised controlled study assessed whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 10 cmH2O during cardiopulmonary bypass improves post-bypass oxygenation in children compared with no CPAP during bypass. We studied children with a ventricular septal defect. CPAP of 10 cmH2O was applied during bypass in the CPAP group (n=24), whereas the lungs were left deflated in the control group (n=20). In both groups, an alveolar recruitment maneuver was performed by applying positive pressure of 30 to 40 cmH2O for five seconds before weaning from bypass. Postoperative ventilation had the peak inflation pressure set to produce an expired tidal volume of 8 ml/kg with positive end expiratory pressure of 5 cmH2O. Arterial blood gas and haemodynamic measurements were performed at skin incision, five minutes after weaning from bypass, five minutes after chest closure and four hours after arrival in the intensive care unit. In four children CPAP was discontinued because it adversely affected the operating field. There was no difference in demographic characteristics, haemodynamic data, bypass time and operation time. No difference was observed between the groups with respect to pH, PaO2, P(A-a) DO2, PaCO2, and ETCO2 at each time. Variability in the data was greater than expected, leading to a decrease in the expected power of the study. CPAP at 10 cmH2O during bypass was not found to improve the post-bypass oxygenation as compared with leaving the lung deflated during bypass in children undergoing ventricular septal defect repair who had an alveolar recruitment maneuver at the end of bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Park CS, Kim WH, Kim GB, Bae EJ, Kim JT, Lee JR, Kim YJ. Symptomatic Young Infants with Tetralogy of Fallot: One-stage versus Staged Repair. J Card Surg 2010; 25:394-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2010.01053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
We present the gas sensing characteristics of the individual ZnO nanowires with single-crystalline and multiple grain boundaries (GBs) fabricated using bottom-up and top-down approaches, respectively. The sensor response of the individual ZnO nanowires with the multiple GBs was enhanced approximately three times as compared to that of single-crystalline ZnO nanowires due to well-known GB modulations. However, the response and recovery times of the individual ZnO nanowires with multiple GBs were much slower than those of the single-crystalline ZnO nanowire, indicating the presence of oxygen diffusion resistance to GBs due to the relatively fast surface kinetic reaction. Simplified kinetic diffusion modeling and experimental results could quantify the significant diffusion resistance of gas molecules into the GBs of the individual ZnO nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-W Ra
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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Jo SY, Kang BR, Kim JT, Ra HW, Im YH. The synthesis of single PdAu bimetallic nanowire: feasibility study for hydrogen sensing. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:055604. [PMID: 20023307 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/5/055604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Single PdAu bimetallic nanowires have been synthesized via the sequential processes of electrochemical deposition and dielectrophoresis (DEP). In the first step, Pd/Au grains on predefined Au electrodes were grown by electrochemical deposition and could assist effectively the formation of a single PdAu nanowire with a good directionality by the subsequent DEP process. The synthesized PdAu nanowires have an average of approximately 10 at.% of Pd, a good resistance of a few hundred Omega, diameters of 300 nm on average and lengths of up to 15 microm. Based on the single PdAu nanowire, hydrogen detection was demonstrated in the range from 100 to 2500 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Jo
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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Kim J, Choi J, Lee D. Pyrogenicity of hyaluronic acid hydrogel crosslinked by divinyl sulfone for soft tissue augmentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4236/ns.2010.27096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jang HY, Ji SJ, Kim YH, Lee HY, Shin JS, Cheong HT, Kim JT, Park IC, Kong HS, Park CK, Yang BK. Antioxidative Effects of Astaxanthin against Nitric Oxide-Induced Oxidative Stress on Cell Viability and Gene Expression in Bovine Oviduct Epithelial Cell and the Developmental Competence of Bovine IVM/IVF Embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 45:967-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01469.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim JT, Kim HJ, Ahn W, Kim HS, Bahk JH, Lee SC, Kim CS, Kim SD. Head rotation, flexion, and extension alter endotracheal tube position in adults and children. Can J Anaesth 2009; 56:751-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-009-9158-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Jang HY, Kim YH, Kim BW, Park IC, Cheong HT, Kim JT, Park CK, Kong HS, Lee HK, Yang BK. Ameliorative Effects of Melatonin against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress on Boar Sperm Characteristics and SubsequentIn VitroEmbryo Development. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 45:943-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim JT, Park CS, Kim HJ, Lee JM, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim SD. The Effect of Inguinal Compression, Valsalva Maneuver, and Reverse Trendelenburg Position on the Cross-Sectional Area of the Femoral Vein in Children. Anesth Analg 2009; 108:1493-6. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31819bccc7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Na HS, Kim JT, Kim HS, Bahk JH, Kim CS, Kim SD. Practical anatomic landmarks for determining the insertion depth of central venous catheter in paediatric patients. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102:820-3. [PMID: 19380312 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various methods have been recommended to decide a proper insertion depth of central venous catheter (CVC). The carina is recommended as a useful target level for the CVC tip position. We evaluated the sternal head of a right clavicle and the nipples as anatomic landmarks for determining the optimal depth of CVC in paediatric patients. METHODS Ninety children, <5 yr, undergoing catheterization through the right internal jugular vein were enrolled. The insertion depth was determined as follows. The insertion point was designated as 'Point I'. The sternal head of the right clavicle was called 'Point A' and the midpoint of the perpendicular line drawn from Point A to the line connecting both nipples was called 'Point B'. The insertion depth of CVC was determined by adding the two distances (from I to A and from A to B) and subtracting 0.5 cm from this. A chest radiography was taken and the distance of the CVC tip from the carina level was measured by the Picture Archiving and Communicating System. RESULTS The mean distance of the CVC tip from the carina level was 0.1 (1.0) (P=0.293) cm above the carina (95% CI 0.1 cm below the carina-0.3 cm above the carina). There was no specific relationship between the distance of the CVC tip from the carina level and the patients' age, height, and weight. CONCLUSIONS The CVC tip could be placed near the carina by using the external landmarks without any formulae, images, and devices in children in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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