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Raman JD, Shariat SF, Karakiewicz PI, Lotan Y, Sagalowsky AI, Roscigno M, Montorsi F, Bolenz C, Weizer AZ, Wheat JC, Ng CK, Scherr DS, Remzi M, Waldert M, Wood CG, Margulis V. Does preoperative symptom classification impact prognosis in patients with clinically localized upper-tract urothelial carcinoma managed by radical nephroureterectomy? Urol Oncol 2010; 29:716-23. [PMID: 20056458 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if preoperative symptom classification could refine prediction of outcomes for patients with clinically localized upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) managed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). METHODS Data on 654 patients with localized UTUC who underwent RNU were reviewed. Preoperative symptoms were classified as incidental (S1), local (S2), and systemic (S3). Clinical and pathologic data were compared between the cohorts. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional hazard modeling were used to determine recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival amongst the symptom cohorts. RESULTS Symptom classification was S1 in 213 (33%) patients, S2 in 402 (61%), and S3 in 39 (6%). S3 symptoms were associated with advanced pathology, including higher stage, grade, and lymph node (LN) positivity. Five and 10-year recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival estimates were similar for patients with S1 and S2 symptoms (P = 0.75 and 0.58, respectively), but was worse for patients with S3 symptoms (P < 0.001 for both). On multivariate analysis adjusting for final pathologic stage, grade, and LN status, S3 symptoms were not an independent predictor of recurrence (HR 1.44, P = 0.19) or death due to disease (HR 1.66, P = 0.07). Addition of symptom classification, however, increased the accuracy of a model consisting of stage, grade, and LNs for prediction of recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival by 1.4% and 1.3%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Local symptoms do not confer worse prognosis compared with patients with incidentally detected UTUC. However, systemic symptoms are associated with worse outcomes despite apparently effective RNU. Patients with systemic symptoms may harbor micrometastatic disease and could potentially benefit from a more rigorous metastatic evaluation or perioperative chemotherapy regimens.
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Shariat SF, Karakiewicz PI, Godoy G, Karam JA, Ashfaq R, Fradet Y, Isbarn H, Montorsi F, Jeldres C, Bastian PJ, Nielsen ME, Müller SC, Sagalowsky AI, Lotan Y. Survivin as a Prognostic Marker for Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Multicenter External Validation Study. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:7012-9. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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103
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.04.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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104
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Lotan Y, Elias K, Svatek RS, Bagrodia A, Nuss G, Moran B, Sagalowsky AI. Bladder cancer screening in a high risk asymptomatic population using a point of care urine based protein tumor marker. J Urol 2009; 182:52-7; discussion 58. [PMID: 19450825 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated whether screening high risk asymptomatic individuals with a bladder tumor marker can lead to earlier detection and resultant down staging of bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects at high risk for bladder cancer based on age and smoking or occupational status were solicited from 2 well patient clinics from March 2006 to November 2007. NMP22 BladderChek testing was performed on voided urine samples. Those with positive test results underwent office cystoscopy and cytology testing. Participants were contacted for followup at 12 months after study enrollment to evaluate for unrecognized bladder cancer. RESULTS A total of 1,175 men and 327 women underwent BladderChek testing. Mean participant age was 62.5 years (range 46 to 92). Based on 10-year or greater smoking history 1,298 participants were enrolled while 513 were enrolled based on a greater than 15-year high risk occupation for bladder cancer. Positive BladderChek testing was observed in 85 (5.7%) participants and 69 agreed to undergo cystoscopy. Three types of lesions were diagnosed including multifocal, high grade Ta (1); Ta, low grade tumor (1) and marked atypia (1). Followup was available in 1,309 subjects. Mean followup was 12 months (range 0.9 to 25.5) and 2 of 1,309 participants had low grade noninvasive bladder cancer. Evaluation of patient records revealed that 73.4% of participants had urinalysis within 3 years before screening. CONCLUSIONS NMP22 BladderChek for screening an asymptomatic, high risk population can detect noninvasive cancers but the low prevalence of bladder cancer in this population did not permit assessment of intervention efficacy. Frequent use of urinalyses in high risk persons may attenuate future efforts to study the effects of bladder cancer screening tests.
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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106
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Novara G, Svatek RS, Karakiewicz PI, Skinner E, Fradet Y, Lotan Y, Capitanio U, Bastian PJ, Montorsi F, Kassouf W, Fritsche HM, Müller SC, Izawa JI, Isbarn H, Stief CG, Ficarra V, Dinney CP, Lerner SP, Schoenberg MP, Sagalowsky AI, Kamat A, Volkmer BG, Shariat SF. SOFT TISSUE SURGICAL MARGIN STATUS IS A POWERFUL PREDICTOR OF OUTCOMES AFTER RADICAL CYSTECTOMY: A MULTICENTER STUDY OF OVER 4300 PATIENTS. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)60360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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107
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Shariat SF, Bolenz C, Ashfaq R, Karakiewicz PI, Fradet Y, Isbarn H, Jeldres C, Rigaud J, Sagalowsky AI, Lotan Y. PREDICTIVE VALUE OF THE COMBINATION OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH PT1 DISEASE AT RADICAL CYSTECTOMY. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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108
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Svatek RS, Shariat SF, Dinney CP, Novara G, Fradet Y, Bastian PJ, Kassouf W, Karakiewicz PI, Fritsche HM, Muller SC, Izawa JI, Skinner E, Stief CG, Ficarra V, Volkmer BG, Montorsi F, Isbarn H, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Schoenberg MP, Lotan Y, Kamat A. EVIDENCE-BASED GENDER RELATED OUTCOMES AFTER RADICAL CYSTECTOMY: RESULTS OF A LARGE MULTICENTER STUDY. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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109
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Margulis V, Lotan Y, Karakiewicz PI, Fradet Y, Ashfaq R, Capitanio U, Montorsi F, Bastian PJ, Nielsen ME, Müller SC, Rigaud J, Heukamp L, Netto GJ, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Shariat SF. MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL VALIDATION OF THE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF KI-67 LABELING INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH URINARY BLADDER CANCER. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)60201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shariat SF, Karakiewicz PI, Fradet Y, Ashfaq R, Bolenz C, Bastian PJ, Nielsen ME, Capitanio U, Jeldres C, Groshen S, Rigaud J, Müller SC, Lerner SP, Montorsi F, Sagalowsky AI, Cote RJ, Lotan Y. IMPROVED PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED BLADDER CANCER USING A PANEL OF FOUR CELL CYCLE REGULATORS. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bagrodia A, Grover S, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Bolenz C, Sagalowsky AI, Lotan Y. Impact of body mass index on clinical and cost outcomes after radical cystectomy. BJU Int 2009; 104:326-30. [PMID: 19220244 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2009.08358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) on the cost and clinical variables after radical cystectomy (RC), as studies show that obesity might adversely affect the outcomes after RC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The charts of patients who had RC from January 2004 to March 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Complete cost and clinical information was available for 99 patients; the patient and tumour characteristics and peri-operative outcomes were recorded. Detailed cost information (room and board, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology, operating room, surgical supply, anaesthesia, and recovery room) was obtained from hospital billing. Patients were stratified and compared in three groups of BMI, i.e. normal weight (<25), overweight (25-<30) and obese (> or =30). RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 66 years; 27% were normal weight, 38% were overweight and 34% were obese. Of obese patients, 24% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of 0, vs none and 2.6% in the normal and overweight groups, respectively (P = 0.001). Those of normal weight had the highest overall and major complication rates (P = 0.57 and 0.28, respectively). Obese patients had insignificantly higher transfusion rates (P = 0.28). The direct cost was higher in normal weight ($14,314) than overweight ($13,808) and obese ($13,666) patients (P = 0.47). Higher room and board cost in normal-weight patients was the only significant cost difference (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION BMI was not associated with increased costs of cystectomy. The absence of differences in cost-related and clinical outcomes might be attributable to variable comorbidity among groups and the experience of a high-volume surgeon and staff at a tertiary-care referral centre that routinely cares for obese patients.
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.10.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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113
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Lucas SM, Nuss G, Stern J, Lotan Y, Sagalowsky AI, Cadeddu JA, Raj GV. The screening for Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) value is associated with a higher risk for having or developing chronic kidney disease in patients treated for small, unilateral renal masses. Cancer 2008; 113:2681-6. [PMID: 18853420 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.23850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with renal masses are at risk for having or developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] <60 mL per minute/1.73 m2). In this study, the authors investigated whether the Screening for Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) model could identify patients with renal masses who were at risk for having or developing CKD. METHODS Two hundred forty-two consecutive patients with unilateral T1a renal masses who underwent treatment were reviewed retrospectively. The GFR was estimated by using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. SCORED values were stratified as low (<4) or high (> or =4). Kaplan-Meier survival curves (with log-rank comparison) were used to compute the risk of developing CKD. RESULTS Before intervention, 65 of 242 patients (27%) with T1a renal masses had CKD, including 10 of 98 patients (10%) with low SCORED values and 55 of 144 patients (38%) with high SCORED values. Interventions included radical nephrectomy (RN) in 71 patients (29%) and nephron-sparing approaches (NSA) in 171 patients (71%). Among patients with normal preoperative renal function, those with low SCORED values were less likely to develop CKD than those with high SCORED values, whether they underwent RN (38% vs 82%; P < .001) or NSA (14% vs 22%; P = .01). Multivariate analyses revealed that high SCORED values (hazard ratio [HR], 2.9; P = .02) and RN (HR, 7.0; P < .001) were significant predictors of developing CKD. CONCLUSIONS High SCORED values were associated with a higher risk for having or developing CKD in patients who underwent intervention for small, unilateral renal masses. These data suggest that NSA should be used whenever possible, and SCORED risk stratification should be used in counseling patients regarding their potential risk of CKD.
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Capitanio U, Suardi N, Shariat SF, Lotan Y, Palapattu GS, Bastian PJ, Gupta A, Vazina A, Schoenberg M, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Karakiewicz PI. Assessing the minimum number of lymph nodes needed at radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer. BJU Int 2008; 103:1359-62. [PMID: 19076140 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2008.08212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the likelihood of finding one or more positive lymph nodes (LNs) according to the number of LNs removed at radical cystectomy (RC), as the number of LNs removed affects disease progression and survival after RC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1984 and 2003, 731 assessable patients had RC and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy at three different institutions. ROC curve coordinates were used to determine the probability of identifying one or more positive LNs according to the total number of removed LNs. RESULTS Of the 731 patients, 174 (23.8%) had LNs metastases. The mean (median, range) number of LNs removed was 18.7 (17, 1-80). The ROC coordinate-based plots of the number of removed LNs and the probability of finding one or more LNs metastases indicated that removing 45 LNs yielded a 90% probability. Conversely, removing either 15 or 25 LNs indicated, respectively, 50% and 75% probability of detecting one or more LNs metastases. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that removing 25 LNs might represent the lowest threshold for the extent of lymphadenectomy at RC. Our findings confirm the importance of an extended lymph node dissection.
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.06.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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117
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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118
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Lucas SM, Svatek RS, Olgin G, Arriaga Y, Kabbani W, Sagalowsky AI, Lotan Y. Conservative management in selected patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma compares favourably with early radical surgery. BJU Int 2008; 102:172-6. [PMID: 18341624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2008.07535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of patients treated for upper tract urothelial carcinoma with either immediate nephroureterectomy (NU) or initial endoscopic management. PATIENTS AND METHODS The treatments of 108 patients (120 renal units) at the authors' institution were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups, i.e. those who received immediate NU and those who had conservative initial therapy, which included renal units solely treated with endoscopy with or without delayed NU. Overall and disease-specific survival (DSS) were compared between the treatment groups. RESULTS There were 48 low-grade tumours, of which 27 (56%) were managed conservatively and 21 (44%) by immediate NU. Seven patients treated conservatively had stage or grade progression and had delayed NU. The mean (sd) DSS at 5 years in patients with low-grade disease was equally good for conservative treatment and immediate NU, at 86.2 (9.1)% vs 87.4 (8.4)% (P = 0.909). There were 68 high-grade tumours, of which 12 (18%) patients had conservative management and 56 (82%) had immediate NU. Among the former, seven of 12 had a solitary kidney and three had bilateral disease. In patients managed endoscopically, four of 30 (13%) required delayed NU. The DSS for the conservative and immediate NU groups were 68.6 (18.6)% vs 75.0 (8.1)% (P = 0.528). CONCLUSION Management with a conservative approach in selected patients provides comparable outcomes to immediate NU in patients with low-grade disease.
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Sagalowsky AI. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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120
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Walz J, Shariat SF, Suardi N, Perrotte P, Lotan Y, Palapattu GS, Gupta A, Bastian PJ, Rogers CG, Vazina A, Amiel GE, Sagalowsky AI, Schoenberg M, Lerner SP, Karakiewicz PI. Adjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer does not alter cancer-specific survival after cystectomy in a matched case-control study. BJU Int 2008; 101:1356-61. [PMID: 18454792 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2008.07524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACHT; methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin, MVAC, or gemcitabine/cisplatin, GC) on the rate of cancer-specific survival and overall survival, as the benefit of ACHT after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer is controversial. PATIENTS AND METHODS Within a study group of 958 patients treated with RC between 1984 and 2003, we identified 274 (29.0%) with a high risk of progression due to pT3 or pT4 and/or pN1-3 stages. Of these, 129 (46.6%) received ACHT (MVAC in 103, GC in 26). These patients were then matched with the remaining patients who were unexposed to ACHT. Exact matches were made for pT stage, tumour grade, pN stage and lymphovascular invasion. Age (+/-5 years) and year of surgery (+/-5 years) were calliper-matched. Matching resulted in 62 patients treated with RC/ACHT and 65 treated with RC alone. Kaplan-Meier, life-table and Cox regression analyses were used to assess cancer-specific and overall survival. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in cancer-specific survival probabilities at 5 years after RC between the two groups (relative risk 1.2; P = 0.5). There was also no difference in overall survival at 5 years (1.1; P = 0.7). In multivariable analyses the delivery of adjuvant chemotherapy was not an independent predictor for survival endpoints (P = 0.3 for cancer-specific and 0.3 for overall survival). CONCLUSIONS This matched case-control analysis showed that either MVAC or GC chemotherapy had no effect on cancer-specific or overall survival after RC in high-risk patients. Further randomized long-term studies are necessary to confirm these results.
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Shariat SF, Karakiewicz PI, Fradet Y, Ashfaq R, Stein JP, Bastian PJ, Nielsen ME, Suardi N, Montorsi F, Groshen S, Muller SC, Rigaud J, Heukamp LC, Netto GJ, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Cote RJ, Lotan Y. COMBINATION OF CELL CYCLE REGULATING BIO-MARKERS IMPROVES PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ORGAN CONFINED UROTHELIAL CANCER AT RADICAL CYSTECTOMY. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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122
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Suardi N, Shariat SF, Lotan Y, Palapattu GS, Bastian PJ, Gupta A, Vazina A, Schoenberg MP, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Karakiewicz PI. ASSESSEMENT OF THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF LYMPH NODES NEEDED AT RADICAL CYSTECTOMY IN BLADDER CANCER PATIENTS. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shariat SF, Lotan Y, Karakiewicz PI, Fradet Y, Ashfaq R, Stein JP, Bastian PJ, Nielsen ME, Suardi N, Montorsi F, Groshen S, Muller SC, Palapattu GS, Rigaud J, Karam JA, Heukamp LC, Netto GJ, Lerner SP, Sagalowsky AI, Cote RJ. MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATION OF THE PREDICTIVE VALUE OF p53 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STAINING IN PATIENTS WITH pT1-2 N0 DISEASE AT RADICAL CYSTECTOMY. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lotan Y, Bensalah K, Ruddell T, Shariat SF, Sagalowsky AI, Ashfaq R. PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL UTILITY OF REFLEX FLUORESCENT IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ASSAY IN PATIENTS WITH ATYPICAL CYTOLOGY FOR DETECTION OF UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hsieh JT, Huang S, Fan J, Pong RC, Sagalowsky AI. UPREGULATION OF TRAG3 GENE, A SURROGATE MARKER FOR DOCETAXEL RESISTANCE, ASSOCIATED WITH AGGRESSIVE BLADDER CANCER. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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