101
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de Waal C, Rodger JG, Anderson B, Ellis AG. Selfing ability and dispersal are positively related, but not affected by range position: a multispecies study on southern African Asteraceae. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:950-9. [PMID: 24735437 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal and breeding system traits are thought to affect colonization success. As species have attained their present distribution ranges through colonization, these traits may vary geographically. Although several theories predict associations between dispersal ability, selfing ability and the relative position of a population within its geographic range, there is little theoretical or empirical consensus on exactly how these three variables are related. We investigated relationships between dispersal ability, selfing ability and range position across 28 populations of 13 annual, wind-dispersed Asteraceae species from the Namaqualand region of South Africa. Controlling for phylogeny, relative dispersal ability--assessed from vertical fall time of fruits--was positively related to an index of autofertility--determined from hand-pollination experiments. These findings support the existence of two discrete syndromes: high selfing ability associated with good dispersal and obligate outcrossing associated with lower dispersal ability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that selection for colonization success drives the evolution of an association between these traits. However, no general effect of range position on dispersal or breeding system traits was evident. This suggests selection on both breeding system and dispersal traits acts consistently across distribution ranges.
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102
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Beza A, Anderson B. P16 Cancer of the anus: a 5 year review of cases at Gondar University Hospital. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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103
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Anderson B, Baron TH, Sweetser S. A woman with melena and transfusion-dependent anemia. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:621-873. [PMID: 24462410 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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104
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Tsay ME, Klein-Schwartz W, Anderson B. Toxicity and clinical outcomes of paliperidone exposures reported to U.S. Poison Centers. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2014; 52:207-13. [DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2014.882000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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105
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Domjahn BT, Hlavsa MC, Anderson B, Schulkin J, Leon J, Jones JL. A survey of U.S. obstetrician-gynecologists' clinical and epidemiological knowledge of cryptosporidiosis in pregnancy. Zoonoses Public Health 2013; 61:356-63. [PMID: 24119338 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although cryptosporidiosis is frequently diagnosed in the U.S., there has been very little assessment of obstetrician-gynaecologist knowledge about this disease. In 2010, we surveyed U.S. obstetricians about the diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis. Data were examined through univariable analysis and multivariable regression models. Of 1000 obstetrician-gynaecologists surveyed, 431 (43.1%) responded. Only 44.4% of respondents correctly identified that prolonged, intermittent diarrhoea would lead them to consider cryptosporidiosis in a differential diagnosis. Routine ova and parasites (O&P) testing was incorrectly chosen to identify Cryptosporidium in stool by 30.4% of respondents. Questions about nitazoxanide, the only drug approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of cryptosporidiosis, were the most frequently missed questions. Only 9.0% of respondents correctly classified nitazoxanide as an FDA pregnancy Category B drug, and only 5.6% of respondents correctly indicated that FDA approved nitazoxanide for immunocompetent patients aged ≥1 years. Regarding prevention- and control-related knowledge, only 14.1% of respondents correctly indicated that alcohol-based hand sanitizers were not effective at inactivating Cryptosporidium spp., and <10% correctly indicated that cryptosporidiosis is a reportable disease in their state of practice. Multivariable analysis found that ≥19 years in practice was positively associated with O&P diagnostic testing knowledge, while rural and urban non-inner city practice location, compared with suburban practice location, was positively associated with nitazoxanide knowledge. The low level of knowledge among obstetrician-gynaecologists about cryptosporidiosis indicates a need to develop resources for physicians about all aspects of cryptosporidiosis, particularly on diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies.
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106
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Kelton D, Lysecki C, Aukema H, Anderson B, Kang JX, Ma DWL. Endogenous synthesis of n-3 PUFA modifies fatty acid composition of kidney phospholipids and eicosanoid levels in the fat-1 mouse. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2013; 89:169-77. [PMID: 23994161 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to determine whether endogenous synthesis of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the fat-1 mouse is comparable to fish oil feeding with respect to kidney n-3 PUFA composition and eicosanoid levels. Wild-type and heterozygous fat-1 mice, capable of synthesizing n-3 PUFA endogenously, were given diets enriched in either n-3 or n-6 PUFA in a 2×2 factorial design and terminated after 12 weeks. Kidney phospholipid fatty acids were analysed by gas chromatography. Kidney eicosanoids were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Relative to control mice fed n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA fed and fat-1 mice had higher levels of kidney phospholipid n-3 PUFA, and lower levels of n-6 PUFA and eicosanoids. However, mice fed n-3 PUFA mice had higher levels of n-3 PUFA and lower levels of eicosanoids as compared to fat-1 mice. In conclusion, diet feeding had a greater impact on kidney fatty acid composition and eicosanoid levels than the genetic effect of the fat-1 gene. However, the fat-1 mouse remains a close approximation that can be used as a complementary model to study the role of n-3 PUFA in the kidney.
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107
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Woolston J, Parks AR, Abuladze T, Anderson B, Li M, Carter C, Hanna LF, Heyse S, Charbonneau D, Sulakvelidze A. Bacteriophages lytic for Salmonella rapidly reduce Salmonella contamination on glass and stainless steel surfaces. BACTERIOPHAGE 2013; 3:e25697. [PMID: 24228226 PMCID: PMC3821689 DOI: 10.4161/bact.25697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A cocktail of six lytic bacteriophages, SalmoFresh™, significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the number of surface-applied Salmonella Kentucky and Brandenburg from stainless steel and glass surfaces by > 99% (2.1–4.3 log). Both strains were susceptible to SalmoFresh™ in the spot-test assay. Conversely, SalmoFresh™ was unable to reduce surface contamination with a Salmonella Paratyphi B strain that was not susceptible to the phage cocktail in the spot-test assay. However, by replacing two SalmoFresh™ component phages with two new phages capable of lysing the Paratyphi B strain in the spot-test assay, the target range of the cocktail was shifted to include the Salmonella Paratyphi B strain. The modified cocktail, SalmoLyse™, was able to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce surface contamination of the Paratyphi B strain by > 99% (2.1–4.1 log). The data show that both phage cocktails were effective in significantly reducing the levels of Salmonella on hard surfaces, provided the contaminating strains were susceptible in the spot-test (i.e., spot-test susceptibility was indicative of efficacy in subsequent surface decontamination studies). The data also support the concept that phage preparations can be customized to meet the desired antibacterial application.
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108
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Anderson B. Probability Cuing Improves Perceptual Judgments. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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109
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Stoettinger E, Danckert J, Anderson B. Right brain damage failures of perceptual updating in ambiguous figures. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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110
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Filipowicz A, Anderson B, Danckert J. The Influence of Task-Irrelevant Spatial Regularities on Statistical Learning. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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111
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Valadao D, Anderson B, Danckert J. Examining the Neural Correlates of Updating Mental Representations. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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112
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Folk C, Anderson B. Involuntary Inhibition of Motor Responses Contingent on Top-Down Goals. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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113
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Anderson B, Singh J, Jafri SF. Tumor seeding following endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration of a celiac lymph node. Dig Endosc 2013; 25:344-5. [PMID: 23490122 DOI: 10.1111/den.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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114
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Patterson A, Armeson K, Rodriguez P, Anderson B, Hill B, Romagnuolo J, Esnaola N, Cole D, Camp E. Critical Assessment of Rectal Cancer Staging by Endoscopic Rectal Ultrasound (ERUS) Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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115
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Speranza V, Yamada A, Cafaro J, Ischenko M, Benjamin A, Harten M, Anderson B, Platts D, Hamilton-Craig C, Burstow D, Chan J. Assessment of Inter-observer Reproducibility of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain between an Expert and Novice Observer. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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116
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Anderson B, Kawakita A, Tayasu I. Sticky plant captures prey for symbiotic bug: is this digestive mutualism? PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2012; 14:888-893. [PMID: 22449033 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many plants capture and kill insects but, until relatively recently, only carnivorous plants with digestive enzymes were known to gain directly from the nutrients of those insects. Recent studies show that some carnivorous plants lack digestive enzymes and have evolved digestive mutualisms with symbiotic insects that digest their prey for them. Rhododendron macrosepalum, a plant with sticky leaves that captures insects, has an association with symbiotic Mirid bugs that consume the insects captured. Here, we determine what the nature of the relationship is between Mirid and plant. We find that R. macrosepalum has no digestive enzymes of its own but that it does not seem to have the ability to absorb hemipteran faeces through its leaf cuticle. Naturally occurring levels of (15) N and (14) N were used to determine that R. macrosepalum gains no nitrogen through its association with the Mirid bugs and that it obtains all of its nitrogen from the soil. The Mirids, on the other hand, seem to obtain nitrogen from insects captured by the plant, as well as from plant tissues. The relationship between plant and Mirid is not a digestive mutualism but more likely an antagonistic relationship. This study adds to our understanding of how digestive mutualisms evolve and shows that insect capture alone, or in combination with a symbiotic insect relationship does not necessarily make a plant 'carnivorous'.
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117
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Pietro K, Anderson B, Schumacher J, Ma Y. Correlations between Dietary Intake and Quality of Life among Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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118
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119
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Laurent P, Anderson B, Hall M, Yantis S. Value-driven Attentional Capture by Rewarded Orientations. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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120
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Anderson B, Nielsen A, Kligler B, McKee D. P04.32. Acupuncture and heart rate variability: a systems level approach to understanding mechanism. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373763 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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121
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Anderson B, Moray A, Karl T, Provenzano S, Justo R, Ward C. Small Pulmonary Artery Stents: Single Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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122
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Anderson B, Justo R, Fox S, Ward C. Atrial Septal Stent Fenestration in the Management of Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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123
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Druker M, Anderson B. Exogenous cuing improves perceptual performance. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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124
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Tkaczyk A, Meza C, Hurwitz M, Anderson B, Danckert J. Updating temporal representations. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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125
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Sears D, Cabrera C, Ortiz F, Anderson B, Stein M. Sexual risk behavior among HIV-positive patients at an urban clinic in Santiago, Dominican Republic. AIDS Care 2011; 23:1637-43. [PMID: 21732896 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2011.565154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
More than 1% of adults in the Dominican Republic are HIV-infected and most infections are acquired sexually. We studied sexual risk behaviors in a group of HIV-positive patients treated in Santiago, Dominican Republic. Interviews were conducted with 129 participants seen in May 2006 at one of the country's largest public hospital HIV clinics. Questions included demographics, sexual history, condom use, and focused on patients' last sexual encounter. Most patients (72.4%) had been sexually active since their HIV diagnosis. Following their diagnosis, 72.8% of sexually active patients used condoms more frequently, 21.7% used condoms with the same frequency, and 5.4% used condoms less often. The most common reason cited for not using a condom after HIV diagnosis differed by gender; men cited decreased sexual pleasure (70.0%) and women reported that their partner had refused to use a condom (71.8%). Sexually active patients who believed that their partner did not have HIV were much more likely to report using a condom at their last sexual encounter than those who did not know their partner's HIV status (odds ratio [OR] = 16.9). HIV-positive patients reported using condoms more frequently following their HIV diagnosis and were more likely to use a condom if they believed their partner did not have HIV. Increased HIV testing may lead to reduced sexual risk behavior in the Dominican Republic.
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