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Hof H, Szabo K, Becker B. [Epidemiology of listeriosis in Germany: a changing but ignored pattern]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2007; 132:1343-8. [PMID: 17551889 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Listeriosis is emerging as a food-borne disease. Although the incidence of clinical presentations is low, this infectious disease with a rather poor prognosis deserves attention. Approximately 20-30% of patients with recognized listeriosis die in spite of an appropriate antibiotic regimen. In the last two years the number of registered cases of listeriosis in Germany has more than doubled. This increase is clearly due exclusively to the rising number of infections in elderly persons, while the number of infections in newborns has remained constant. Genotyping does not show a conclusive correlation between human and food isolates. Since the human isolates belong to numerous different clones. There is no specific food or group of food items that can be held responsible for the infections. This view is also supported by the fact that listeriosis cases occur sporadically and not in outbreaks, making it highly unlikely that industrially produced and widely distributed food items are the cause. Furthermore, even within the food isolates there is a large diversity of clones. A comprehensive explanation for the changes in the epidemiology of human listeriosis has yet to be given.
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Albert MH, Becker B, Schuster FR, Klein B, Binder V, Adam K, Nienhoff C, Führer M, Borkhardt A. Oral graft vs. host disease in children--treatment with topical tacrolimus ointment. Pediatr Transplant 2007; 11:306-11. [PMID: 17430488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2006.00666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral chronic graft vs. host disease (GVHD) frequently presents in patients with sclerotic features of skin GVHD and is often associated with considerable limitations of oral food intake and decreased quality of life. Systemic tacrolimus is efficacious for prophylaxis and treatment of acute and chronic GVHD and topical tacrolimus has shown activity in chronic GVHD skin lesions. We therefore initiated a pilot study to investigate the safety and efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment in children with oral GVHD. Six patients suffering from oral GVHD (five chronic and one acute) were included in the study. Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% was applied twice daily using sterile gauze. The only side-effects observed were a slight burning discomfort after the first application in one patient and after food intake in another patient. Tacrolimus was absorbed systemically in four of six patients. Of six patients, we observed a complete response in two, a very good partial response (VGPR) in two, and a PR in two patients, respectively. We conclude that topical application of tacrolimus ointment holds promise as a safe and efficacious treatment for oral GVHD in children. The Food and Drug Administration has recently issued a health advisory about a potential cancer risk associated with topical tacrolimus treatment of the skin; therefore, its benefits should be weighed against its potential risks and diligent long-term follow-up should be carried out especially in children.
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Gutman D, Ragsdale L, Becker B, Kobayashi L. High-fidelity Medical Simulation for Geriatric Emergency Medicine Training. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Merchant R, Mayer K, Seage G, Clark M, Degruttola V, Becker B. Is a 9.5 Minute Video an Effective Substitute for an HIV Counselor for Rapid HIV Testing? Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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105
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Becker B. Function and evolution of the vacuolar compartment in green algae and land plants (Viridiplantae). INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2007; 264:1-24. [PMID: 17964920 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(07)64001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles perform several different functions and are essential for the plant cell. The large central vacuoles of mature plant cells provide structural support, and they serve other functions, such as protein degradation and turnover, waste disposal, storage of metabolites, and cell growth. A unique feature of the plant vacuolar system is the presence of different types of vacuoles within the same cell. The current knowledge about the vacuolar compartments in plants and green algae is summarized and a hypothesis is presented to explain the origin of multiple types of vacuoles in plants.
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Rodríguez-Ezpeleta N, Philippe H, Brinkmann H, Becker B, Melkonian M. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid multigene data sets support the placement of Mesostigma in the Streptophyta. Mol Biol Evol 2006; 24:723-31. [PMID: 17172635 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msl200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All extant green plants belong to 1 of 2 major lineages, commonly known as the Chlorophyta (most of the green algae) and the Streptophyta (land plants and their closest green algal relatives). The scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride has an important place in the debate on the origin of green plants. However, there have been conflicting results from molecular systematics as to whether Mesostigma diverges before the Chlorophyta/Streptophyta split or is an early diverging flagellate member of the Streptophyta. Previous studies employed either a limited taxon sampling (plastid and mitochondrial genomes) or a small number of phylogenetically informative sites (single nuclear genes). Here, we use large data sets from the nuclear (125 proteins; 29,319 positions), mitochondrial (33 proteins; 6,622 positions), and plastid (50 proteins; 10,137 positions) genomes with an expanded taxon sampling (21, 13, and 28 species, respectively) to reevaluate the phylogenetic position of Mesostigma. Our study supports the placement of Mesostigma in the Streptophyta (as an early diverging lineage) and provides evidence that systematic biases have played a role in generating some of the previous conflicting results. Importantly, we demonstrate that using an increased taxon sampling as well as more realistic models of evolution allows increasing congruence among the nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid data sets.
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Lange DJ, Lechtzin N, Davey C, David W, Heiman-Patterson T, Gelinas D, Becker B, Mitsumoto H. High-frequency chest wall oscillation in ALS: An exploratory randomized, controlled trial. Neurology 2006; 67:991-7. [PMID: 17000967 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000237439.78935.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate changes in respiratory function in patients with ALS after using high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO). METHODS This was a 12-week randomized, controlled trial of HFCWO in patients with probable or definite ALS, an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale respiratory subscale score < or = 11 and > or = 5, and forced vital capacity (FVC) > or = 40% predicted. RESULTS We enrolled 46 patients (58.0 +/- 9.8 years; 21 men, 25 women); 22 used HFCWO and 24 were untreated. Thirty-five completed the trial: 19 used HFCWO and 16 untreated. HFCWO users had less breathlessness (p = 0.021) and coughed more at night (p = 0.048) at 12 weeks compared to baseline. At 12 weeks, HFCWO users reported a decline in breathlessness (p = 0.048); nonusers reported more noise when breathing (p = 0.027). There were no significant differences in FVC change, peak expiratory flow, capnography, oxygen saturation, fatigue, or transitional dyspnea index. When patients with FVC between 40 and 70% predicted were analyzed, FVC showed a significant mean decrease in untreated patients but not in HFCWO patients; HFCWO patients had significantly less increased fatigue and breathlessness. Satisfaction with HFCWO was 79%. CONCLUSION High-frequency chest wall oscillation was well tolerated, considered helpful by a majority of patients, and decreased symptoms of breathlessness. In patients with impaired breathing, high-frequency chest wall oscillation decreased fatigue and showed a trend toward slowing the decline of forced vital capacity.
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Hagenah JM, Hedrich K, Becker B, Pramstaller PP, Seidel G, Klein C. Distinguishing early-onset PD from dopa-responsive dystonia with transcranial sonography. Neurology 2006; 66:1951-2. [PMID: 16801671 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000219806.03849.1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Jehn CF, Becker B, Pfeiffer S, Krebs M, Possinger K, Flath B, Dieing A. Cognitive dysfunction, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and IL-6 levels in cancer patients with depression. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8632 Background: Increased proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression has been shown to be associated with cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to assess the correlations between cognitive dysfunction, IL-6 and BDNF in cancer patients (pts) with depression. Methods: Depression was assessed in 55 patients with metastatic cancer by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and diagnosis was established according to DSM-IV criteria. Cognitive function was assessed by the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Plasma concentrations of Interleukin-6 and BDNF were measured at 8 AM the same day. In the statistical analysis the Mann-Whitney test and the Pearson correlation were applied. Results: Pts characteristics (n=55): median age 60 y (25–85); 76.9% Females, 23.1% males. 52% of pts had depression. There were no significant differences in mean age or Karnofsky-index between pts with and without depression. Depression was associated with a significant higher median IL-6 level (14.8 vs. 3.7 pg/ml; p<0,001). For Cognitive function only the longterm memory was significantly reduced in depression (p=0.01). However, there was no difference in BDNF levels between both groups (p=0.164). There were correlations between HADS-D score and IL6 (r=4.11; p=0.002), IL-6 and BDNF (r= −0.42; p=0.001), BDNF and longterm memory (r=0.48; p=0.02). No correlations were found for level of depression (HADS-D score) and BDNF levels (r= −0.20; P=0.14). Conclusions: Depression and increased plasma IL-6 concentrations are strongly associated in pts with cancer. There seems to be no association between BDNF and depression in cancer pts. However there is a positive correlation between the cognitive function, at least for longterm memory, with BDNF. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Petersen J, Teich R, Becker B, Cerff R, Brinkmann H. The GapA/B Gene Duplication Marks the Origin of Streptophyta (Charophytes and Land Plants). Mol Biol Evol 2006; 23:1109-18. [PMID: 16527864 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msj123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Independent evidence from morphological, ultrastructural, biochemical, and molecular data have shown that land plants originated from charophycean green algae. However, the branching order within charophytes is still unresolved, and contradictory phylogenies about, for example,the position of the unicellular green alga Mesostigma viride are difficult to reconcile. A comparison of nuclear-encoded Calvin cycle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPDH) indicates that a crucial duplication of the GapA gene occurred early in land plant evolution. The duplicate called GapB acquired a characteristic carboxy-terminal extension (CTE) from the general regulator of the Calvin cycle CP12. This CTE is responsible for thioredoxin-dependent light/dark regulation. In this work, we established GapA, GapB, and CP12 sequences from bryophytes, all orders of charophyte as well as chlorophyte green algae, and the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa. Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of all available plastid GAPDH sequences suggest that glaucophytes and green plants are sister lineages and support a positioning of Mesostigma basal to all charophycean algae. The exclusive presence of GapB in terrestrial plants, charophytes, and Mesostigma dates the GapA/B gene duplication to the common ancestor of Streptophyta. The conspicuously high degree of GapB sequence conservation suggests an important metabolic role of the newly gained regulatory function. Because the GapB-mediated protein aggregation most likely ensures the complete blockage of the Calvin cycle at night, we propose that this mechanism is also crucial for efficient starch mobilization. This innovation may be one prerequisite for the development of storage tissues in land plants.
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Simon A, Glöckner G, Felder M, Melkonian M, Becker B. EST analysis of the scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride (Streptophyta): implications for the evolution of green plants (Viridiplantae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2006; 6:2. [PMID: 16476162 PMCID: PMC1413533 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-6-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Viridiplantae (land plants and green algae) consist of two monophyletic lineages, the Chlorophyta and the Streptophyta. The Streptophyta include all embryophytes and a small but diverse group of freshwater algae traditionally known as the Charophyceae (e.g. Charales, Coleochaete and the Zygnematales). The only flagellate currently included in the Streptophyta is Mesostigma viride Lauterborn. To gain insight into the genome evolution in streptophytes, we have sequenced 10,395 ESTs from Mesostigma representing 3,300 independent contigs and compared the ESTs of Mesostigma with available plant genomes (Arabidopsis, Oryza, Chlamydomonas), with ESTs from the bryophyte Physcomitrella, the genome of the rhodophyte Cyanidioschyzon, the ESTs from the rhodophyte Porphyra, and the genome of the diatom Thalassiosira. RESULTS The number of expressed genes shared by Mesostigma with the embryophytes (90.3 % of the expressed genes showing similarity to known proteins) is higher than with Chlamydomonas (76.1 %). In general, cytosolic metabolic pathways, and proteins involved in vesicular transport, transcription, regulation, DNA-structure and replication, cell cycle control, and RNA-metabolism are more conserved between Mesostigma and the embryophytes than between Mesostigma and Chlamydomonas. However, plastidic and mitochondrial metabolic pathways, cytoskeletal proteins and proteins involved in protein folding are more conserved between Mesostigma and Chlamydomonas than between Mesostigma and the embryophytes. CONCLUSION Our EST-analysis of Mesostigma supports the notion that this organism should be a suitable unicellular model for the last flagellate common ancestor of the streptophytes. Mesostigma shares more genes with the embryophytes than with the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, although both organisms are flagellate unicells. Thus, it seems likely that several major physiological changes (e.g. in the regulation of photosynthesis and photorespiration) took place early during the evolution of streptophytes, i.e. before the transition to land.
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113
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Schmid L, Becker B. Kryoskopische Molekulargewichts-Bestimmungen mit flüssigem Ammoniak. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19250580904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Hagenah J, Becker B, Djarmati A, Hedrich K, Klein C, Seidel G. Transkranielle Sonographie des Hirnparenchyms bei einer Familie mit PINK1-Mutationen. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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115
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Becker B, Jordan S, Holzapfel W. Rapid and specific detection of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon with BAX®-PCR. Food Control 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2004.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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116
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Durst R, Becker B, Diawara Y, Khazins D, Medved S, Sedev V, Smith K, Thorson T, Wachter G. A new high-speed, photon-counting X-ray area detector. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305098326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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117
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Wagenfeld L, Becker B, Galambos P, Matthiesen ET, Richard G, Klemm M, Zeitz O. Beeinflussung des Gefäßtonus isolierter Ziliararterien des Schweins durch Dorzolamid. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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118
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Hagenah JM, König IR, Hedrich K, Kasten M, Pramstaller PP, Becker B, Klein C, Seidel G. Hyperechogenität der Substantia nigra bei Parkin-assoziertem Parkinsonismus; Korrelation des klinischen und genetischen Status. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-866658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gogineni A, Longabaugh R, Clifford PR, Woolard R, Becker B, Minugh PA, Nirenberg T, Carty K. Alcohol-Related Expectancies and Assaults Among Injured Drinkers in the Emergency Department Setting. Subst Abus 2005; 25:5-13. [PMID: 15982962 DOI: 10.1300/j465v25n02_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the extent to which alcohol-related expectancies were associated with assaults among 278 injured drinkers in the emergency department setting. Results of logistic regression analyses indicated that patients who were male, had high blood alcohol levels and who expected alcohol to make them more careless were more likely to report being assaulted. Conversely, among males, patients who expected to become more powerful and aggressive when drinking were less likely to be assaulted. These findings suggest that helping patients understand how expectancies surrounding alcohol use shape drinking and its behavioral concomitants may circumvent their risk for future assaults.
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Abstract
Brefeldin A (BFA) causes a block in the secretory system of eukaryotic cells. In the scaly green flagellate Scherffelia dubia, BFA also interfered with the function of the contractile vacuoles (CVs). The CV is an osmoregulatory organelle which periodically expels fluid from the cell in many freshwater protists. Fusion of the CV membrane with the plasma membrane is apparently blocked by BFA in S. dubia. The two CVs of S. dubia swell and finally form large central vacuoles (LCVs). BFA-induced formation of LCVs depends on V-ATPase activity, and can be reversed by hypertonic media, suggesting that water accumulation in the LCVs is driven by osmosis. We suggest that the BFA-induced formation of LCVs represents a prolonged diastole phase. A normal diastole phase takes about 20 s and is difficult to investigate. Therefore, BFA-induced formation of LCVs in S. dubia represents a unique model system to investigate the diastole phase of the CV cycle.
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Becker B, Schelling PK, Phillpot SR. Computational studies of nanoscale phonon transport and interfacial scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200405279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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122
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Karrer P, Salomon H, Schöpp K, Benz F, Becker B. Synthesen von drei weiteren Stereoisomeren des Lactoflavins (VI. Mitteilung über Flavinsynthesen). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.193501801119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Stoll A, Hofmann A, Becker B. Die Spaltstücke von Ergocristin, Ergokryptin und Ergocornin. (8. Mitteilung über Mutterkornalkaloide). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19430260523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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125
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Stoll A, Becker B, Jucker E. Synthese des Äpfelsäure-dialdehyds und des 3,6-Dioxy-tropans. 1. Mitteilung über Alkaloidsynthesen. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19520350423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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