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Joshi A, Iyengar R, Joo JH, Li-Harms XJ, Wright C, Marino R, Winborn BJ, Phillips A, Temirov J, Sciarretta S, Kriwacki R, Peng J, Shelat A, Kundu M. Nuclear ULK1 promotes cell death in response to oxidative stress through PARP1. Cell Death Differ 2015; 23:216-30. [PMID: 26138443 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause cellular damage and oxidative stress-induced cell death. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular catabolic process, is executed by autophagy (ATG) proteins, including the autophagy initiation kinase Unc-51-like kinase (ULK1)/ATG1. Although autophagy has been implicated to have both cytoprotective and cytotoxic roles in the response to ROS, the role of individual ATG proteins, including ULK1, remains poorly characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that ULK1 sensitizes cells to necrotic cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Moreover, we demonstrate that ULK1 localizes to the nucleus and regulates the activity of the DNA damage repair protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in a kinase-dependent manner. By enhancing PARP1 activity, ULK1 contributes to ATP depletion and death of H2O2-treated cells. Our study provides the first evidence of an autophagy-independent prodeath role for nuclear ULK1 in response to ROS-induced damage. On the basis of our data, we propose that the subcellular distribution of ULK1 has an important role in deciding whether a cell lives or dies on exposure to adverse environmental or intracellular conditions.
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Edwardson CL, Harrington DM, Yates T, Bodicoat DH, Khunti K, Gorely T, Sherar LB, Edwards RT, Wright C, Harrington K, Davies MJ. A cluster randomised controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the 'Girls Active' intervention: a study protocol. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:526. [PMID: 26036965 PMCID: PMC4453020 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the health benefits of physical activity, data from the UK suggest that a large proportion of adolescents do not meet the recommended levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This is particularly evident in girls, who are less active than boys across all ages and may display a faster rate of decline in physical activity throughout adolescence. The 'Girls Active' intervention has been designed by the Youth Sport Trust to target the lower participation rates observed in adolescent girls. 'Girls Active' uses peer leadership and marketing to empower girls to influence decision making in their school, develop as role models and promote physical activity to other girls. Schools are provided with training and resources to review their physical activity, sport and PE provision, culture and practices to ensure they are relevant and attractive to adolescent girls. METHODS/DESIGN This study is a two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) aiming to recruit 20 secondary schools. Clusters will be randomised at the school level (stratified by school size and proportion of Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) pupils) to receive either the 'Girls Active' intervention or carry on with usual practice (1:1). The 20 secondary schools will be recruited from state secondary schools within the Midlands area. We aim to recruit 80 girls aged 11-14 years in each school. Data will be collected at three time points; baseline and seven and 14 months after baseline. Our primary aim is to investigate whether 'Girls Active' leads to higher objectively measured (GENEActiv) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adolescent girls at 14 months after baseline assessment compared to the control group. Secondary outcomes include other objectively measured physical activity variables, adiposity, physical activity-related psychological factors and the cost-effectiveness of the 'Girls Active' intervention. A thorough process evaluation will be conducted during the course of the intervention delivery. DISCUSSION The findings of this study will provide valuable information on whether this type of school-based approach to increasing physical activity in adolescent girls is both effective and cost-effective in the UK. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN10688342. Registered 12 January 2015.
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103
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Salt E, Wright C, Kelly S, Soundy A. A randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of a lateral glide cervical spine mobilisation on cervicobrachial (neck and arm) pain. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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104
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Bower K, Burnette T, Lewis D, Wright C, Kavanagh K. Mothers' Experiences Expressing Breastmilk for VLBW Infants: A Phenomenological Case Study. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.581.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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105
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Tyrrell J, Whelan N, Wright C, Sá-Correia I, McClean S, Thomas M, Callaghan M. Investigation of the multifaceted iron acquisition strategies of Burkholderia cenocepacia. Biometals 2015; 28:367-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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106
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Brown SGA, Ball EL, Macdonald SPJ, Wright C, McD Taylor D. Spontaneous pneumothorax; a multicentre retrospective analysis of emergency treatment, complications and outcomes. Intern Med J 2015; 44:450-7. [PMID: 24612237 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous pneumothorax can be managed initially by observation, aspiration or chest drain insertion. AIMS To determine the clinical features of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED), interventions, outcomes and potential risk factors for poor outcomes after treatment. METHODS Retrospective chart review from ED of three major referral and two general hospitals in Australia of presentations with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP). Main outcomes were prolonged air leak (>5 days) and pneumothorax recurrence within 1 year. RESULTS We identified 225 people with PSP and 98 with SSP. There were no clinical tension pneumothoraces with hypotension. Hypoxaemia (haemoglobin oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry ≤92%) occurred only in SSP and in older patients (age >50 years) with PSP. Drainage was performed in 150 (67%) PSP and 82 (84%) SSP. Prolonged air leak occurred in 16% (95% confidence interval 10-23%) of PSP and 31% (21-42%) of SSP. Independent risk factors for prolonged drainage were non-asthma SSP and pneumothorax size >50%. Complications were recorded in 11% (7.5-16%) of those having drains inserted. Recurrences occurred in 5/91 (5%, 1.8-12%) of those treated without drainage versus 40/232 (17%, 13-23%) of those treated by drainage, of which half occurred in the first month after drainage. CONCLUSION Pneumothorax drainage is associated with substantial morbidity including prolonged air leak. As PSP appears to be well tolerated in younger people even with large pneumothoraces, conservative treatment in this subgroup may be a viable option to improve patient outcomes, but this needs to be confirmed in a clinical trial.
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Palmer S, Chanwahhak Y, Wright C, Perrins C, Zweng I, Wilson A, Davis P, MacIsaac A, Newcomb A, Whitbourn R. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation - the St Vincent's Hospital (Melbourne) experience. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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108
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Young E, Pugh R, Hanlon R, O'Callaghan E, Wright C, Jeanrenaud P, Jones TM. Tracheal stenosis following percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy using the single tapered dilator: an MRI study. Anaesth Intensive Care 2014; 42:745-51. [PMID: 25342407 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1404200610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite widespread adoption of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy within the critical care setting, there is still uncertainty regarding long-term complications, particularly in relation to missed or subclinical tracheal stenosis. In this study, all patients underwent tracheostomy using a single tapered dilator ≥ three months prior to enrollment and were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging, spirometry and questionnaire. Tracheal area was recorded and deemed to be stenotic if a reduction of ≥10% was found. Fifty patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging and 49 attended for interview. Five patients were diagnosed with tracheal stenosis-none were symptomatic. Six of the 50 tracheostomies were technically difficult. Spirometry was not predictive of stenosis. A post critical care exercise tolerance of less than 100 metres was found in four tracheal stenosis patients. The prevalence of subclinical tracheal stenosis following percutaneous tracheostomy is low, with limited clinical significance. No patients required corrective surgery for tracheal stenosis. Routine airway follow-up in asymptomatic patients appears to be unwarranted.
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Dan T, Jin L, Wright C, Kieng M, McMahon S, Simone N. The Effect of Nutrigenomics in Augmenting Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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110
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Gerasimidis K, Fatima S, Malkova D, Wright C. PP155-SUN: Outstanding abstract: Limited Effectiveness of Solid Ready-To-Eat and a Liquid Ready-To-Drink Supplements in Mild To Moderate Underweight Children from Pakistan. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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111
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Wright C, Hanna MK. Thirty-six vaginal constructions: lessons learned. J Pediatr Urol 2014; 10:667-71. [PMID: 24909605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of bowel for vaginal construction is a well-established procedure. In this paper, the lessons learned from 36 vaginoplasties over a 34-year period are discussed. METHODS Between 1980 and 2013, 36 patients between 1 and 21 years of age underwent vaginal construction. In 27 of the 36 patients, an inverted V-shaped perineal skin flap was incorporated into the posterior wall of the neovagina, and, when required, a detubularized pouch was used to avoid traction on the vascular pedicle. In nine patients, the sigmoid colon was anastomosed, in a circumferential manner, to the short blind-ending vaginal dimple. RESULTS Two of the nine sigmoid vaginas, where the perineal skin flap was omitted, developed introital stenosis. None of the sigmoid neovaginas that included the perineal flap developed stenosis. One patient with ileal segment vagina, at the onset of puberty, developed introital stenosis after 10 years; this was successfully corrected. Nineteen out of 28 patients available for long-term follow up were sexually active and reported no dyspareunia. CONCLUSIONS Detubularization and reconfiguration to form a pouch reduces the traction on the mesentery of the bowel segment, which ensures adequate blood supply to the distal entero-cutaneous junction. The inverted V-shaped perineal skin flap should be incorporated in the anastomosis to avoid circumferential suture line and introital stenosis.
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Zimmerer J, Swamy P, Sanghavi P, Wright C, Elzein S, Brutkiewicz R, Bumgardner G. Novel NKT Cell-Mediated Help for Alloantibody Production. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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113
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Zhou H, Tapias L, Wright C, Gaissert H, Wain J, Muniappan A, Morse C, Donahue D, Mathisen D, Lanuti M. F-116 * VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACIC SURGERY VERSUS OPEN LOBECTOMY FOR STAGE I NON-SMALL-CELL LUNGER CANCER: ANALYSIS OF LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AND ONCOLOGIC EQUIVALENCY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu167.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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114
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Wright C, Milne S, Leeson H. Sperm DNA damage caused by oxidative stress: modifiable clinical, lifestyle and nutritional factors in male infertility. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 28:684-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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115
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Huen I, Morris DM, Wright C, Sibley CP, Naish JH, Johnstone ED. Absence ofPo2change in fetal brain despitePo2increase in placenta in response to maternal oxygen challenge. BJOG 2014; 121:1588-94. [PMID: 24816043 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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116
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Wright C, Zarkos K, Brown R, Larsen S, Anwar Z, Newman E, Trotman J, Gibson J. Post thaw viability of cryopreserved HPC with increased nucleated cell concentration. Cytotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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117
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Reid G, Pel M, Kirschner M, Cheng Y, Mugridge N, Weiss J, Williams M, Wright C, Edelman J, Vallely M, McCaughan B, Klebe S, Brahmbhatt H, MacDiarmid J, van Zandwijk N. Restoring expression of miR-16: a novel approach to therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:3128-35. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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118
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Tan KK, Kaur G, Byrne CM, Young CJ, Wright C, Solomon MJ. Long-term outcome of the anal fistula plug for anal fistula of cryptoglandular origin. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:1510-4. [PMID: 23981140 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of the anal fistula plug in the treatment of anal fistula of cryptoglandular origin. METHOD A review of all patients who had at least one anal fistula plug inserted from March 2007 to August 2008 was performed. Only anal fistulae of cryptoglandular origin were included. Success was defined as the closure of the external opening with no further purulent discharge or collection. RESULTS Thirty anal fistula plugs were inserted in 26 patients [median age 40 (26-70) years]. Twenty-six of the fistulae were transsphincteric and three were suprasphincteric. One patient had a high intersphincteric fistula, which was the only fistula that did not have a seton inserted. The median duration between seton insertion and the plug procedure was 12 (4-28) weeks. The median length of the fistula tract was 3 (1-7.5) cm. After a median follow-up of 59 (13-97) weeks, 26 (86.7%) fistulae recurred. Of the 26 failures, the median time to failure was 8 (2-54) weeks. Subsequent surgical interventions were performed in 20 of the failures. CONCLUSION The role of the fistula plug in the management of anal fistula of cryptoglandular origin remains debatable and warrants further evaluation.
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Giles E, Dempsey S, Chiswell M, Wright C, Bridge P, Charlton N. A survey to evaluate the implementation of a national clinical assessment form. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2051-3909.2012.tb00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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120
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Forster K, Anderson D, Yool DA, Wright C, Burrow R. Retained surgical swabs in 13 dogs. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr.d4396rep] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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121
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Fatima S, Gerasimidis K, Tsiountsioura M, Arvanitdou I, Wright C, Malkova D. PP197-MON IMPACT OF HIGH ENERGY NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT DRINKS ON ENERGY INTAKE, APPETITE MEASURES, APPETITE HORMONES, AND RATE OF GASTRIC EMPTYING. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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122
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Sun P, Herrera C, Chubb C, Wright C, Sperling G. Attention Filters for Colors: Isolating Single Colors. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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123
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Herrera C, Sun P, Groulx K, Wright C, Chubb C, Sperling G. How do the S-, M- and L-cones contribute to motion luminance assessed using minimum motion? J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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124
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Wright C, Karp M. SP0207 Evaluate the effectiveness of a body image personal development training for young people with arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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125
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Mattison JA, Wright C, Bronson RT, Roth GS, Ingram DK, Bartke A. Studies of aging in ames dwarf mice: Effects of caloric restriction. J Am Aging Assoc 2013; 23:9-16. [PMID: 23604794 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-000-0002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ames dwarf mice, which are small and deficient in growth homone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) live much longer (1-1.25 years) than their normal siblings. It was of interest to examine the response of these animals to caloric restriction (CR) because of the possibility that dwarf mice are voluntarily caloric restricted. We are testing the hypothesis that this possible natural caloric restriction will negate any benefits of an imposed CR on lifespan. Male and female Ames dwarf mice and their normal counterparts have been fed ad libitum (AL) or a 30% CR diet for 25-29 months. Animals were monitored daily and weighed weekly. At 12-15 months of age, CR mice weighed significantly less than their AL fed counterparts (normal females: -42%, normal males: -23%, dwarf females: -18.8%, and dwarf males: -22.2%). Only in dwarf females has this significant difference disappeared with age. At one year of age, a comparison of daily food consumption revealed that female dwarf mice consume significantly more food per gram body weight than normal females and a similar tendency is evident for males. Although they received 30% less food, CR mice ate the same amount as AL mice per gram body weight. On measures of total locomotor activity, CR mice were significantly more active than their AL-fed counterparts. On an inhibitory avoidance learning task, 18-21 month old dwarf mice exhibited significantly better retention than their age-and diet-matched normal counterparts. Histopathological analysis in aging dwarf versus normal mice suggested that the incidence of tumors does not differ between the two groups but tumors appear to develop later in dwarf than in normal mice. After 2.25 years on the study 27% of AL normals, 52% of CR normals, 74% of AL dwarfs, and 87% of CR dwarfs are still alive. We conclude that Ames dwarfs are not CR mimetics although they share many characteristics. It remains to be determined whether CR will delay aging and cause a further life extension in Ames dwarf mice.
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