Possible pituitary dwarfism from the Roman period

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Comparison of arthrographic findings of the temporomandibular joint with palpation of the muscles of mastication

Two hundred five patients were examined for temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction and specifically for tenderness to muscle palpation. Arthrograms were performed on 222 joints (188 unilateral and 17 bilateral). Significant findings were ascertained for the middle portion of the temporal muscle in "normal" patients versus "with and without meniscus reduction" patients. The superficial masseter muscle was more tender in "normal" patients and in "reducing meniscus" patients than in "without meniscus reduction" patients. The medial pterygoid muscle was more tender in "normal" patients and in "without meniscus reduction" patients than in "reducing meniscus" patients. Though there are some significant findings with respect to muscle palpation, by itself muscle palpation is not a specific indicator of temporomandibular joint internal derangement.

Analysis of bovine udder, plate and viscera using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

The objective of this study was to evaluate near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as an accurate and inexpensive alternative to conventional chemical analyses of nonconsumer bovine tissue. Udder, plate and visceral samples were collected from mature, Charolais-Angus and Hereford-Angus crossbred beef cows at slaughter, ground and analyzed for concentrations of lipid, protein and dry matter using standard AOAC chemical procedures. Samples were analyzed using NIRS. The collection of samples was randomly split into separate calibration and validation sets. Nine calibration equations representing each constituent and tissue combination were developed, using first- or second-order derivative mathematical transformations, and those calibration equations were validated. Correlation coefficients of calibration (R) and validation (r) ranged from .95 to .98 and from .87 to .97, respectively, for all analyses except plate dry matter (r = .77). Standard errors of calibration and prediction ranged from 1.89 to 5.81%. Results from this study are interpreted to indicate that bovine udder, plate and visceral tissue composition can be accurately, quickly and efficiently predicted using NIRS technology.

Clinical and arthrographic evaluation of the location of temporomandibular joint pain

Two hundred five patients were prospectively examined for temporomandibular joint pain. Arthrograms were performed on 222 joints (188 unilateral and 17 bilateral). Pain in the ear occurred more frequently in arthrographically normal patients and in nonreducing meniscus patients compared with reducing meniscus patients. The location of pain in front of the ear, in the temples, or in the neck or the degree of pain intensity did not correlate to specific meniscal abnormalities. No correlation between the distribution and the character of headaches was observed. Pain characterization alone does not clinically separate meniscal abnormalities.

Comparison of internal derangements of the TMJ with occlusal findings

Two hundred five patients were examined because of temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. Arthrograms were performed on 222 joints (188 unilateral and 17 bilateral). No significant differences were found between arthrographic groups with respect to Angle classification, horizontal and vertical overlap, posterior tooth wear, missing posterior teeth, cuspid-protected occlusion, balancing-side contacts, deflective occlusion, and clenching of the teeth. Tilted teeth on the contralateral side were more common in cases of reducing meniscal dislocation than in cases of normal meniscus position or of nonreducing meniscal dislocation.

Clinical and arthrographic evaluation of temporomandibular joint sounds

Two hundred five patients were examined for temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. Arthrograms were performed on 222 joints (188 unilateral and 17 bilateral). Patients with joint sounds suspected of being caused by meniscus displacement with reduction were evaluated. Seventy-two patients (38%), were suspected of "clicking" (a reducing meniscus), but only 53 had arthrographic findings of a reducing meniscus. Further evaluation of this patient group revealed that only 41 probably could be candidates for a protrusive splint. This represents only 57% (41 of 72) of patients with "clicking" who may be candidates for protrusive splint treatment.

Treatment of established chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with anti-L3T4 antibodies

CR-EAE is an autoimmune T cell-mediated disease that can be induced in mice either by the injection of MSCH and CFA or by passive transfer of MBP-sensitized T cells. To evaluate the clinical relevance of anti-L3T4 antibodies in this relapsing, remitting disease, we studied the therapeutic benefits of such treatment on CR-EAE in animals when treatment was begun after the onset of initial paralytic signs. Animals treated biweekly with anti-L3T4 antibody had fewer relapses than control animals, and the histopathology of the brain and spinal cord showed fewer and less extensive lesions. Serial analysis of lymph node cell populations and antibody levels showed that animals treated with anti-L3T4 antibody had a depletion of the helper/inducer T cell population and did not develop a humoral response to the administered rat antibody. This study raises the possibility of treatment with antibodies against T cell subsets in established disease wherein this subset is known to play a crucial role.

Treatment of established chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with anti-L3T4 antibodies

CR-EAE is an autoimmune T cell-mediated disease that can be induced in mice either by the injection of MSCH and CFA or by passive transfer of MBP-sensitized T cells. To evaluate the clinical relevance of anti-L3T4 antibodies in this relapsing, remitting disease, we studied the therapeutic benefits of such treatment on CR-EAE in animals when treatment was begun after the onset of initial paralytic signs. Animals treated biweekly with anti-L3T4 antibody had fewer relapses than control animals, and the histopathology of the brain and spinal cord showed fewer and less extensive lesions. Serial analysis of lymph node cell populations and antibody levels showed that animals treated with anti-L3T4 antibody had a depletion of the helper/inducer T cell population and did not develop a humoral response to the administered rat antibody. This study raises the possibility of treatment with antibodies against T cell subsets in established disease wherein this subset is known to play a crucial role.

Mandibular range of motion versus arthrographic diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint

The range of mandibular movements has been correlated with arthrographic findings of the temporomandibular joint in 205 patients. Abnormalities of meniscus position and function have been found to influence mandibular movements in characteristic patterns. However, altered mandibular movements alone are insufficient for a definitive clinical diagnosis of the specific type of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint.

Retraining of inactive medical technologists - Whose responsibility?

A survey was conducted to determine if inactive female medical technologists wish to reactivate, what degree of retraining they feel necessary to do so, and their willingness to pay for such experience. A corollary purpose was to determine the need for inactive technologists, the hiring practices employed, the existence of institutionally sponsored retraining programs, and the institutional views toward providing such programs. Findings revealed that inactive medical technologists wish to return to the field, feel the need for retraining, would prefer a hospital retraining site, and are willing to pay for their retraining. Institutions expressed a need for inactive medical technologists but are most willing to hire individuals who have been retrained. A plentiful supply of new graduates effectively negates this preference in the more densely populated areas. Hospitals and universities are varied in their opinions as to who should provide retraining programs. Few have instituted retraining programs due to high expense and limited availability of financing.