First Observation of the Decay B_{s}^{0}→K^{-}μ^{+}ν_{μ} and a Measurement of |V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}|

The first observation of the suppressed semileptonic B_{s}^{0}→K^{-}μ^{+}ν_{μ} decay is reported. Using a data sample recorded in pp collisions in 2012 with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2  fb^{-1}, the branching fraction B(B_{s}^{0}→K^{-}μ^{+}ν_{μ}) is measured to be [1.06±0.05(stat)±0.08(syst)]×10^{-4}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second one represents the combined systematic uncertainties. The decay B_{s}^{0}→D_{s}^{-}μ^{+}ν_{μ}, where D_{s}^{-} is reconstructed in the final state K^{+}K^{-}π^{-}, is used as a normalization channel to minimize the experimental systematic uncertainty. Theoretical calculations on the form factors of the B_{s}^{0}→K^{-} and B_{s}^{0}→D_{s}^{-} transitions are employed to determine the ratio of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements |V_{ub}|/|V_{cb}| at low and high B_{s}^{0}→K^{-} momentum transfer.

Ultrasound volume projection image quality selection by ranking from convolutional RankNet

Periodic inspection and assessment are important for scoliosis patients. 3D ultrasound imaging has become an important means of scoliosis assessment as it is a real-time, cost-effective and radiation-free imaging technique. With the generation of a 3D ultrasound volume projection spine image using our Scolioscan system, a series of 2D coronal ultrasound images are produced at different depths with different qualities. Selecting a high quality image from these 2D images is the crucial task for further scoliosis measurement. However, adjacent images are similar and difficult to distinguish. To learn the nuances between these images, we propose selecting the best image automatically, based on their quality rankings. Here, the ranking algorithm we use is a pairwise learning-to-ranking network, RankNet. Then, to extract more efficient features of input images and to improve the discriminative ability of the model, we adopt the convolutional neural network as the backbone due to its high power of image exploration. Finally, by inputting the images in pairs into the proposed convolutional RankNet, we can select the best images from each case based on the output ranking orders. The experimental result shows that convolutional RankNet achieves better than 95.5% top-3 accuracy, and we prove that this performance is beyond the experience of a human expert.

Model-Independent Study of Structure in B^{+}→D^{+}D^{-}K^{+} Decays

The only anticipated resonant contributions to B^{+}→D^{+}D^{-}K^{+} decays are charmonium states in the D^{+}D^{-} channel. A model-independent analysis, using LHCb proton-proton collision data taken at center-of-mass energies of sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1}, is carried out to test this hypothesis. The description of the data assuming that resonances only manifest in decays to the D^{+}D^{-} pair is shown to be incomplete. This constitutes evidence for a new contribution to the decay, potentially one or more new charm-strange resonances in the D^{-}K^{+} channel with masses around 2.9  GeV/c^{2}.

Changes in oxidation-antioxidation function on the thymus of chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus

Background

Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) is a retrovirus that causes severe immunosuppression in poultry. Animals grow slowly under conditions of oxidative stress. In addition, long-term oxidative stress can impair immune function, as well as accelerate aging and death. This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of REV from the perspective of changes in oxidative-antioxidative function following REV infection.

Methods

A total of 80 one-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were randomly divided into a control group (Group C) and an REV-infected group (Group I). The chickens in Group I received intraperitoneal injections of REV with 10^4.62/0.1 mL TCID₅₀. Thymus was collected on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 49 for histopathology and assessed the status of oxidative stress.

Results

In chickens infected with REV, the levels of H₂O₂ and MDA in the thymus increased, the levels of TAC, SOD, CAT, and GPx1 decreased, and there was a reduction in CAT and Gpx1 mRNA expression compared with the control group. The thymus index was also significantly reduced. Morphological analysis showed that REV infection caused an increase in the thymic reticular endothelial cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, mitochondrial swelling, and nuclear damage.

Conclusions

These results indicate that an increase in oxidative stress enhanced lipid peroxidation, markedly decreased antioxidant function, caused thymus atrophy, and immunosuppression in REV-infected chickens.

Toward High Precision XCO2 Retrievals From TanSat Observations: Retrieval Improvement and Validation Against TCCON Measurements

TanSat is the 1st Chinese carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement satellite, launched in 2016. In this study, the University of Leicester Full Physics (UoL-FP) algorithm is implemented for TanSat nadir mode XCO2 retrievals. We develop a spectrum correction method to reduce the retrieval errors by the online fitting of an 8th order Fourier series. The spectrum-correction model and its a priori parameters are developed by analyzing the solar calibration measurement. This correction provides a significant improvement to the O2 A band retrieval. Accordingly, we extend the previous TanSat single CO2 weak band retrieval to a combined O2 A and CO2 weak band retrieval. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied to determine the threshold values of post-screening filters. In total, 18.3% of the retrieved data is identified as high quality compared to the original measurements. The same quality control parameters have been used in a footprint independent multiple linear regression bias correction due to the strong correlation with the XCO2 retrieval error. Twenty sites of the Total Column Carbon Observing Network (TCCON) have been selected to validate our new approach for the TanSat XCO2 retrieval. We show that our new approach produces a significant improvement on the XCO2 retrieval accuracy and precision when compared to TCCON with an average bias and RMSE of -0.08 ppm and 1.47 ppm, respectively. The methods used in this study can help to improve the XCO2 retrieval from TanSat and subsequently the Level-2 data production, and hence will be applied in the TanSat operational XCO2 processing.

Observation of Enhanced Double Parton Scattering in Proton-Lead Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV

A study of prompt charm-hadron pair production in proton-lead collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16  TeV is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 30  nb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb experiment. Production cross sections for different pairs of charm hadrons are measured and kinematic correlations between the two charm hadrons are investigated. This is the first measurement of associated production of two charm hadrons in proton-lead collisions. The results confirm the predicted enhancement of double parton scattering production in proton-lead collisions compared to the single parton scattering production.

[Clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcome of 14 pregnant women with history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease]

Objective: To summarize the clinical characters and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Methods: A total of 14 pregnant women with pre-existing ASCVD admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2013 to May 2020 were enrolled as subjects, whose ASCVD disease status, clinical manifestations, treatment and pregnancy outcomes were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: The age of subjects at diagnosis of ASCVD was (31±7) years old. The main intervention before pregnancy was revascularization (10 cases), and the rest 4 cases were treated with medicine. The age of subjects at pregnancy was (36±5) years old. A total of 12 cases had risk factors of ASCVD. In early stages of pregnancy, there were 1 case with cardiac function level Ⅲ and 1 with cardiac function level Ⅳ. Abnormal ventricular wall motion and ventricular aneurysm formation were determined in 3 cases by echocardiography, one of which was complicated with moderate left ventricular ejection fraction impairment. Abnormal ST segment in 4 cases and sinus tachycardia in 1 case were found by electrocardiogram. Troponin (TNI) increased in 1 case. The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol level (LDL-C) of these pregnant women at early stages of pregnancy was (2.3±1.0) mmol/L. A total of 9 pregnant women entered later stages of pregnancy, 1 of whom had chest tightness after slight activity. There were 4 cases with excessive weight gain and 2 cases with insufficient weight gain during pregnancy, and there were 1 case with cardiac function level Ⅲ and 1 case with mild impaired left heart function. The average level of LDL-C was (2.6±0.6) mmol/L in 5 pregnant women at their later stages of pregnancy. The main treat measures included anti-platelet therapy (aspirin, 75-100 mg/d) and healthy lifestyle interventions. Five pregnant women terminated their pregnancy at the early stage of pregnancy, and 9 full-term pregnant women underwent hysterotomy with intraoperative blood loss of 180-800 ml. Adverse cardiac events occurred in 2 cases and gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 3 cases during pregnancy, among which 2 cases were complicated with chronic hypertension and preeclampsia. The weight of 9 live newborns was (3 102±647) g, among which 2 were smaller than gestational age and 1 was of low birth weight. Conclusions: Women with established ASCVD before preynancy have risk of adverse cardiac events in pregnancy. Strengthening the management of high risk factors in pregnancy is conducive to achieving a good pregnancy outcome.

Research Progress on MicroRNA in Forensic Medicine as Molecular Markers

Abstract

MicroRNA （miRNA） belongs to a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules with a length of 18-24 nucleotides. The expression of miRNA is highly conservative, has time sequence and is highly tissue-specific. MiRNA could not be easily degraded by ribonuclease, and is resistant to changes in environmental factors such as temperature and pH value. Moreover, miRNA can even be detected in corrupt tissue. As a result, miRNA has broad application prospects in many fields of forensic medicine such as source identification of body fluid and estimation of cause of death. This article briefly summarizes the application of miRNA in forensic practice, such as body fluid identification, determination of postmortem interval and cause of death analysis.

Identification and application of the Pigm-1 gene in rice disease resistance breeding

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide. The identification and utilization of resistance genes are crucial and significant for breeding resistant rice cultivars. We identified a resistance gene from Shuangkang77009, which is highly resistant to the rice blast isolate Guy11 using map-based cloning. We performed bulked segregant analysis combined with specific length amplified fragment sequencing. We also performed association analysis, candidate gene prediction and cDNA sequencing to identify the candidate gene. The resistance gene is located on chromosome 6, and we ultimately mapped the resistance locus to a 92-kb region. The resistance gene in Shuangkang77009 was allelic to PigmR, hereafter referred to as Pigm-1. The Pigm-1 protein had one amino acid change: serine (Ser) residue 860 was replaced by tyrosine (Tyr) in Pigm-1 compared with the previously identified Pigm protein, which significantly changed the structure of the Pigm-1 protein based on 3-D structure simulation. In addition, using the developed molecular marker linked to the Pigm-1 gene and molecular marker-assisted selection technology, we introduced the Pigm-1 gene into Minghui86, a widely used and excellent restorer. We generated 11 stable homozygous rice lines with desirable agronomic traits and strong resistance to rice blast. In conclusion, Pigm-1, a natural allelic variant of PigmR, was responsible for blast resistance in Shuangkang77009 rice. The molecular marker-assisted breeding strategy for Pigm-1 was highly efficient.

Nomogram predicting early neurological improvement in ischaemic stroke patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Early neurological improvement (ENI) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has been associated with favorable outcomes. This study aimed to identify the optimal definition of ENI and develop a nomogram for predicting ENI after EVT in acute ischaemic stroke.

METHODS

Patients with EVT were enrolled from a multicenter registry as the training cohort. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to estimate the optimal threshold for ENI at 24 h of EVT. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to generate the best-fit nomogram for predicting ENI. The discrimination of the nomogram was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). An additional 447 patients from two stroke centers were prospectively recruited as the test cohort for validating the nomogram.

RESULTS

A total of 612 patients with EVT were included in the training cohort. The optimal threshold for predicting 3-month favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) was an improvement of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score by ≥6 points (AUC 0.875; sensitivity 79.5%; specificity 90.7%). Age, blood glucose, recanalization, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) were independently associated with ENI, and were incorporated in the nomogram. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.795 in the training cohort and 0.752 in the test cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

A reduction of NIHSS score ≥6 appeared to be the optimal definition of ENI. The nomogram composed of age, blood glucose, recanalization, sICH and baseline ASPECTS may predict the probability of ENI in ischaemic stroke patients treated with EVT.

TATDN1 promotes the development and progression of breast cancer by targeting microRNA-140-3p

OBJECTIVE

To explore whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TATDN1 can promote the proliferation and cell cycle progression of breast cancer cells by adsorbing microRNA-140-3p, thus participating in the development of breast cancer (BCa).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Expressions of TATDN1 and microRNA-140-3p in BCa tissues and paracancerous tissues were determined by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Meanwhile, TATDN1 expression in BCa cell lines was detected as well. Regulatory effects of TATDN1 and microRNA-140-3p on proliferation and cell cycle progression of BCa cells were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry, respectively. The binding relationship of microRNA-140-3p to NOVA1 and TATDN1 was examined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Finally, rescue experiments were conducted to explore whether TATDN1 can regulate NOVA1 expression by adsorbing microRNA-140-3p to exert its biological function in BCa.

RESULTS

TATDN1 was highly expressed in BCa tissues and cell lines. Upregulation of TATDN1 promoted the proliferative potential and cell cycle progression of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that TATDN1 could bind to microRNA-140-3p, which was lowly expressed in BCa. Overexpression of microRNA-140-3p inhibited the proliferative potential and cell cycle progression of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, microRNA-140-3p partially inhibited the role of TATDN1 in regulating cellular behaviors of BCa cells. NOVA1 was predicted to be the target gene of microRNA-140-3p. Overexpression of NOVA1 partially abolished the inhibitory effects of microRNA-140-3p on proliferation and cell cycle progression of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.

CONCLUSIONS

TATDN1 promotes the proliferative potential and cell cycle progression of BCa cells through adsorbing microRNA-140-3p to upregulate NOVA1 expression.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating lactate signaling cascade in mice

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dexmedetomidine (Dex) in lactate signaling cascade and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The left anterior descending of the coronary artery was ligatured for 30 min and then reperfused for 6 h to induce myocardial I/R injury in mice. Heart samples were collected and the levels of lactate, SOD and MDA were measured. Infarct size and myocardium were stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride and TUNEL, respectively. In addition, the expression levels of MCT1, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 were detected by Western blot.

RESULTS

The myocardial infarct size, lactate and MDA levels of the I/R group were significantly increased, whereas the SOD activity was decreased. However, Dex significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size, as well as lactate and MDA levels in contrast to the I/R group. Meanwhile, the SOD activity was remarkably increased. The expression levels of MCT1, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 were significantly increased in the I/R group. In addition, Dex administration further increased the expression of MCT1, whereas decreased the expressions of cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 in contrast to the I/R group.

CONCLUSIONS

Dex elevated the expression of mitochondrial MCT1 and inhibited oxidative stress and the activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in mice. This indicated that Dex attenuated myocardial I/R injury by regulating lactate signaling cascade.

Four Theories of the Madden-Julian Oscillation

Studies of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have progressed considerably during the past decades in observations, numerical modeling, and theoretical understanding. Many theoretical attempts have been made to identify the most essential processes responsible for the existence of the MJO. Criteria are proposed to separate a hypothesis from a theory (based on the first principles with quantitative and testable assumptions, able to predict quantitatively the fundamental scales and eastward propagation of the MJO). Four MJO theories are selected to be summarized and compared in this article: the skeleton theory, moisture-mode theory, gravity-wave theory, and trio-interaction theory of the MJO. These four MJO theories are distinct from each other in their key assumptions, parameterized processes, and, particularly, selection mechanisms for the zonal spatial scale, time scale, and eastward propagation of the MJO. The comparison of the four theories and more recent development in MJO dynamical approaches lead to a realization that theoretical thinking of the MJO is diverse and understanding of MJO dynamics needs to be further advanced.

Primary tumour location is an important prognostic factor in colorectal cancer liver metastases following radiofrequency ablation

AIM

To examine the outcomes and different prognoses for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases (CRCLM) treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) based on the origin of the primary tumour (rectum versus colon).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients diagnosed with CRCLM from July 2011 to June 2018 were assessed in the study. The study included 114 patients with 176 lesions. All of the patients underwent RFA of their CRCLM. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival function estimate curves and Cox regression analysis between the group of patients with rectal cancer liver metastases (RCLM) and colon cancer liver metastases (CCLM).

RESULTS

Patients with RCLM exhibited worse OS and PFS than those with CCLM. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 87.5%, 75%, and 54.2% in the RCLM group and 93.9%, 87.8%, and 81.8% in the CCLM group (p=0.001), respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year PFS rates were 43.7%, 22.9%, and 20.8% in the RCLM group and 57.6%, 45.4%, and 36.5% in the CCLM group (p=0.001), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that primary tumour location, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and response to pre-ablation chemotherapy were independent variables for OS and PFS. The N state of the primary tumour also had a significant impact on OS.

CONCLUSION

This study showed that patients with CCLM had better prognoses than those with RCLM following RFA treatment. If patients intend to undergo RFA for CRCLM, the location of the primary tumour should be considered in the assessment of long-term therapeutic effects.

Analysis of a registry database for esophageal cancer from high-volume centers in China

Esophageal cancer has a high incidence among malignancies in China, but a comprehensive picture of the status of its surgical management in China has hitherto not been available. A nationwide database has recently been established to address this issue.

METHOD

A National Database was setup through a network platform, and data was collected from 70 high-volume centers (>100 esophagectomies/per year) across China. Data was entered between January 2009 and December 2014, and was analyzed in June 2015 after a minimal follow-up of 6 months for all patients. 8181 patients with complete data who received surgery for primary esophageal cancer on the Database were included in the analysis.

RESULT

In this series, there were 6052 males and 2129 females, with a mean age of 60.5 years (range: 22-90 years). The pathology in 95.5% of patients was squamous cell carcinoma. The pathological stage distribution was 1.2% in stage 0, 2.5% in Ia, 11.5% in Ib, 14.8% in IIa, 36.1% in IIb, 19.3% in IIIa, 8.3% in IIIb, 6.2% in IIIc. 1800 patients (22.0%) with locally advanced disease received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy and 3592 patients (43.9%) underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The esophagectomies were performed through left thoracotomy approach in 5870 cases (72.6%), through right chest approach in 2215 cases (27.4%) including right thoracotomy (21.3%) and VATS (6.1%). The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0.6% (43 patients), and the overall postoperative complication rate was 11.6% (951 patients). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 82.6%, 61.6%, and 52.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This National Registry Database from high-volume centers provides a comprehensive picture of surgical management for esophageal cancer in China for the first time. Squamous cell carcinoma predominates, but there is heterogeneity with respect to the surgical approach and perioperative oncologic management. Overall, surgical mortality and morbidity rates are low, and good survival rates have been achieved due to improvement of surgical treatment technology in recent years.

[Primary study on the mechanism of ductus arteriosus closure in rats: impact of aging pathway]

Objective: To explore the role and mechanism of aging pathway in patent ductus arteriosus closure of rats. Methods: Thirty outbreeding Sprague Dawley rats(20 females, 10-15 weeks old, 270-330 g) underwent random mating and conception. The primary Ductus Arteriosus smooth muscle cells (DASMCs) of pregnant 19 days(E19 group), 21 days(E21 group) and newborn(Day0 group) fetus were extracted and cultured. mRNA expression of cell senescence related markers p16, 21 and 53 genes in each group were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-PCR) after 48 hours culture. After hypoxic culture on DASMCs for 3 days, the DASMCs were divided into 3 groups: hypoxic control group(G0 group), 3 hours normal oxygen concentration treatment group(G3 group) and 6 hours normal oxygen concentration treatment group(G6 group). After intervention, mRNA expression of p16, 21 and 53 RT-PCR was detected. The DASMCs of newborn rats(Day0 group) were extracted and divided into 3 groups:low-oxygen culture control group, low-oxygen+siRNA culture group and normal oxygen concentration culture group. The DASMCs migration ability was tested experimentally by Transwell method. Result: The mRNA levels of p16, 21 and 53 in DASMCs were higher in E19 group than in Day0 group(all P<0.01), and the mRNA levels of p16, 21 and 53 in DASMCs were also higher in E21 group than those in Day0 group (all P<0.01). The mRNA levels of p16, 21 and 53 in DASMC were all higher in G0 group than those in G3 group (P<0.05 or 0.01), and the mRNA levels of p16, 21 and 53 in DASMCs were all higher in G0 group than those in G6 group (all P<0.01), and the mRNA levels of p16, 21 and 53 in DASMCs were all higher in G3 group than those in G6 group (all P<0.05). DASMCs migration ability of newborn rats was higher in normal oxygen concentration culture group than that in low-oxygen culture group (P<0.01), and DASMCs migration ability of newborn rats was also higher in low-oxygen+siRNA culture group than that in low-oxygen culture group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The expression of senescence marker of DASMCs decreases with the birth in rats during the process of ductal closure, and the aging pathway may affect ductal closure by inhibiting DASMCs migration in rats.

The interaction between circular RNA hsa_circ_0000285 and miR-599 in thyroid cancer

Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "The interaction between circular RNA hsa_circ_0000285 and miR-599 in thyroid cancer, by D. Yang, Y. Jin, S. Cheng, Y. Yang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (9): 4882-4889-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202005_21177-PMID: 32432751" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/21177.

(Z)-7,4′-Dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone- 4-O-β-glucopyranoside alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats associating with the regulation of JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway

Inflammatory responses have been demonstrated to contribute to the neuronal death following cerebral ischemia. This study was to investigate the repairing effects and potential mechanisms of (Z)-7,4′-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside (DHAG), a compound with neuroprotective effects, on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Cerebral I/R model was established with middle cerebral artery occlusion method in Sprague Dawley rats and then rats were treated with DHAG (1 and 2 mg/kg) for 7 days. The volume of cerebral infarction was detected by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The apoptosis in ischemic brain tissues was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Oxidative stress markers and inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. DHAG treatment significantly alleviated the cerebral I/R injury and decreased apoptosis in brain tissues. Moreover, DHAG treatment significantly inhibited oxidative stress and reduced inflammatory responses, associating with decreasing the protein expression of phosphorylated Janus kinase 1/phosphorylated signal transducer and transcriptional activator 1. These results demonstrated neuroprotective properties of DHAG and highlighted it as a potential therapeutic agent against injury of cerebral IR.