RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, p-α,α-trimethylbenzyl alcohol, CAS Registry Number 1197-01-9

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. p-α,α-Trimethylbenzyl alcohol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that p-α,α-trimethylbenzyl alcohol is not genotoxic. The repeated dose, reproductive, and local respiratory toxicity endpoints were evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to p-α,α-trimethylbenzyl alcohol is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day, 0.03 mg/kg/day, and 1.4 mg/day, respectively). The skin sensitization endpoint was completed using the dermal sensitization threshold (DST) for non-reactive materials (900 μg/cm2); exposure is below the DST. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet (UV) spectra; p-α,α- trimethylbenzyl alcohol is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; p-α,α-trimethylbenzyl alcohol was found not to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one, CAS registry number 13215-88-8

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. 4-(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one is not genotoxic. Data on 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one provide a calculated margin of exposure (MOE) > 100 for the repeated dose toxicity endpoint. The reproductive and local respiratory toxicity endpoints were evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day and 1.4 mg/day, respectively). The skin sensitization endpoint was completed using the dermal sensitization threshold (DST) for reactive materials (64 μg/cm²); exposure is below the DST. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on data; 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; 4-(2-butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one was found not to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol, CAS Registry Number 536-60-7

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. p-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from the read-across analog benzyl alcohol (CAS # 100-51-6) show that p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol is not expected to be genotoxic. Data from the read-across analog benzyl alcohol (CAS # 100-51-6) provide a calculated MOE >100 for the repeated dose, developmental, and local respiratory toxicity endpoints. The reproductive toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the TTC for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day). Data from read-across analog benzyl alcohol (CAS # 100-51-6) provided p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol a NESIL of 5900 μg/cm² for the skin sensitization endpoint. The phototoxicity and photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on UV spectra; p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol was found not to be a PBT as per the IFRA Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., PEC/PNEC) are <1.

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cinnamyl alcohol, CAS Registry Number 104-54-1

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. Cinnamyl alcohol was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that cinnamyl alcohol is not genotoxic. Data on read-across analog cinnamaldehyde (CAS # 104-55-2) provide a calculated margin of exposure (MOE) >100 for the repeated dose and local respiratory toxicity endpoints. The developmental and reproductive toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to cinnamyl alcohol is below the TTC (0.03 mg/kg/day). Data provided a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 2900 μg/cm² for the skin sensitization endpoint. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on UV spectra; cinnamyl alcohol is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The environmental endpoints were evaluated; cinnamyl alcohol was found not to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) as per the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., Predicted Environmental Concentration/Predicted No Effect Concentration [PEC/PNEC]), are <1.

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, hexyl isovalerate, CAS Registry Number 10032-13-0

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. Hexyl isovalerate was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from read-across analog hexyl isobutyrate (CAS # 2349-07-7) show that hexyl isovalerate is not expected to be genotoxic. Data on read-across analog propyl (2S)-2-(1,1-dimethylpropoxy)-propanoate (CAS # 319002-92-1) provide a calculated MOE >100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog hexyl 2-methylbutyrate (CAS # 10032-15-2) do not indicate that hexyl isovalerate is a skin sensitizer. The phototoxicity/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on UV spectra; hexyl isovalerate is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the TTC for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to hexyl isovalerate is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). The environmental endpoints were evaluated; hexyl isovalerate was found not to be PBT as per the IFRA Environmental Standards, and its risk quotients, based on its current volume of use in Europe and North America (i.e., PEC/PNEC), are <1.