Failure of naloxone to antagonize metoclopramide induced prolactin rise

Seven subjects aged 21--54 years were investigated. Serum PRL and DBH were estimated before and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the administration of 20 mg clopropamide. The same parameters were estimated a second time when 0.4 mg naloxone was associated. PRL level increased and DBH decreased in all the patients in both investigations and no significant differences between the two occasions were detected. It is suggested that probably the two substances do not act on identical receptors.

CaATP: the substrate, at low ATP concentrations, of Ca2+ ATPase from human erythrocyte membranes

Detailed kinetic analyses of ATP-splitting activities were obtained with purified Ca2+ ATPase from human erythrocyte membranes. At constant low total ATP levels increasing Mg2+ inhibited the activity of the enzyme, while increasing Ca2+ did not. Detailed analysis of this phenomenon with appropriate controls showed that this occurred because Ca2+ . ATP4- (CaATP) was the substrate for the enzyme: the inhibition by Mg2+ was due to the lowering of the CaATP concentration as Mg2+ replaced Ca2+ as the metal bound to ATP. Free ATP could not be the substrate, since its concentration could be lowered by increasing total Ca2+, and no inhibition of the reaction occurred. In addition to this site for CaATP, the enzyme may contain yet another metal-ATP site of much lower affinity and less specificity with respect to the metal. The data also indicate the presence of a Mg2+ site and a Ca2+ site in addition to the CaATP site. Since the enzyme also interacts with calmodulin, it effectively interacts with Ca2+ at three sites: the Ca2+ site, the CaATP site, and the Can-calmodulin site. The enzyme displays the same characteristics in the presence of calmodulin. However, the stimulation by calmodulin is always about three times higher in the presence of Mg2+ than in its absence. A model for the mechanism of this enzyme is discussed.

Method for determination of hydrogen peroxide, with its application illustrated by glucose assay

We describe a simple colorimetric method for determining micromolar quantities of hydrogen peroxide, based on the oxidation of iodide in the presence of ammonium molybdate and photometry of the resulting blue starch-iodine complex. Color development is linearly dependent on analyte concentration, but only slightly time dependent, and the color of the complex formed is stable for several hours. In the range of wavelengths that may be used (570 to 630 nm), lack of interference from other biological compounds makes this method seem suitable for routine analyses. As one illustrative application of the method we quantitated glucose by measuring hydrogen peroxide produced from it by glucose oxidase catalysis. This method of quantitating glucose is more than five times as sensitive as the commonly used dianisidine method. With the appropriate hydrogen peroxide-producing oxidases, this method may be used to directly measure amino acids, purines, uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine.

Method for determination of hydrogen peroxide, with its application illustrated by glucose assay

We describe a simple colorimetric method for determining micromolar quantities of hydrogen peroxide, based on the oxidation of iodide in the presence of ammonium molybdate and photometry of the resulting blue starch-iodine complex. Color development is linearly dependent on analyte concentration, but only slightly time dependent, and the color of the complex formed is stable for several hours. In the range of wavelengths that may be used (570 to 630 nm), lack of interference from other biological compounds makes this method seem suitable for routine analyses. As one illustrative application of the method we quantitated glucose by measuring hydrogen peroxide produced from it by glucose oxidase catalysis. This method of quantitating glucose is more than five times as sensitive as the commonly used dianisidine method. With the appropriate hydrogen peroxide-producing oxidases, this method may be used to directly measure amino acids, purines, uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine.

Method for determination of hydrogen peroxide, with its application illustrated by glucose assay

We describe a simple colorimetric method for determining micromolar quantities of hydrogen peroxide, based on the oxidation of iodide in the presence of ammonium molybdate and photometry of the resulting blue starch-iodine complex. Color development is linearly dependent on analyte concentration, but only slightly time dependent, and the color of the complex formed is stable for several hours. In the range of wavelengths that may be used (570 to 630 nm), lack of interference from other biological compounds makes this method seem suitable for routine analyses. As one illustrative application of the method we quantitated glucose by measuring hydrogen peroxide produced from it by glucose oxidase catalysis. This method of quantitating glucose is more than five times as sensitive as the commonly used dianisidine method. With the appropriate hydrogen peroxide-producing oxidases, this method may be used to directly measure amino acids, purines, uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine.

[Displacement of the hinge angle point in a Class II malocclusion; 1 case report during treatment with a Bern activator (an interim report)]

In the context of a global examination of the effects of the activator therapy of Herren in class-II malocclusion, the position of the hinge axis points was studied in a group of 12 consecutive cases (9 boys and 3 girls). The hinger axis was recorded immediately before and in the course of the treatment, using a standardised recording method. After 1 mm change in occlusal relationship, the hinge axis points were located about 2 mm caudally of the tattooed zero point. When the change in occlusal relationship step by step had reached 3, 5 and 7 mm, and even after 6 months of retention, the hinge axis points had moved back by about 1 mm in a cranial direction, but remained still about 1 mm caudally of point zero. In a sagittal direction, a facial dislocation of about 1 mm was found no sooner than after a 6-months retention time. A study on reproducibility was used to ensure the statistical proof of these results.

[Functional analysis in orthodontics: diagnosis of mandibular positions and movements]

Conventional gnathological concepts concerning border movements, intermaxillary relations and terminal hinge movement of the mandible have been complemented by definitions obtained from observations in children, particularly orthodontic patients. While gnathologists tend to prefer the hand guided technique for diagnostic centric relation to the unguided method, the orthodontists on the other hand do not attribute the necessary importance to the guidance of the mandible into centric relation. By prevention or elimination of occlusal interferences, RCP/IP discrepancies, of balancing and particularly hyperbalance contacts, by possibly creating a type of occlusion as conceived by gnathology, the orthodontist may--within certain limits--be able to prevent TMJ disturbances and/or peridontal disease. Hopefully it may be at the same time possible to obtain more stable results of successful orthodontic treatment. The described functional analysis is designed to invite a more dynamic concept of the masticatory system.