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McKenna J, Naylor PJ, McDowell N. Barriers to physical activity promotion by general practitioners and practice nurses. Br J Sports Med 1998; 32:242-7. [PMID: 9773175 PMCID: PMC1756103 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.32.3.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the promotion of physical activity by general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses (PNs). METHODS A questionnaire that examined the types of barriers and the levels of their influence as well as stage of change for activity promotion and for personal behaviour was mailed to 846 subjects. RESULTS The return rate exceeded 70% in each group with a high proportion (69%) of GPs and PNs reporting that they regularly promote physical activity with their patients. GPs were less likely to regularly promote physical activity with their patients if they indicated lack of time as a barrier (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58 to 0.93) or lack of incentives (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.94), and more likely to promote exercise if they themselves were regular exercisers (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.96 to 5.18). However, for PNs longer consultation times (by 1.5 to 2 minutes) had a higher likelihood of producing regular promotion of activity (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.62). For PNs personal physical activity stage was the strongest significant predictor of promotion level, but with a stronger effect (OR = 4.77, 95% CI 1.48 to 15.35) than in the GPs. CONCLUSION The main finding is that GPs in the action or maintenance stage of changing their own physical activity are three times more likely to regularly promote the same behaviour in their patients than those in the other stages; for PNs the same difference quadruples the likelihood of them promoting physical activity. Professional readiness to change is influenced by known system barriers in GPs, and not in PNs, but is more strongly predicted by personal physical activity behaviour in both groups.
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Riddoch CJ, Nevill AM, McKenna J. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FITNESS AS PREDICTORS OF BLOOD PRESSURE - RESULTS FROM A NATIONAL SURVEY. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998. [DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199805001-00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hurtado C, Bradley J, Burns AR, Bradley J, Karkouti K, Hurtado C, Burns AR, Bradley J, Anderson R, Abrahamson SD, Mazer CD, Hung OR, Comeau L, Fisher JA, Tessler J, Rucker J, Mathicu A, Murray-Foster S, Tz-Chong C, Chi-Yuan L, Tsuda T, Tabuchi A, Sasano H, Kiriyama M, Okada A, Hayano J, Takeuchi A, Katsuya H, Tousignant CP, Mazer CD, Tousignant CP, Mazer CD, Ling E, Arellano R, Dowd N, Karski J, Cheng D, Carroll-Munro J, Rose DK, Mazer CO, Cohen MM, Wigglesworth D, McKay WPS, Teskey RJ, Militzer J, Kember G, Blanchet T, Gregson PH, Howells SR, Robblee JA, Breen TW, Dierenfield L, McNeil T, Breen TW, McNeil T, Dierenfield L, Nicholson DJ, Kowalski SE, Hamilton GA, Meyers MP, Serrette C, Duke PC, Custeau I, Martin R, Larabée S, Pirlet M, Pilote M, Tetrault JP, Tsui BCH, Gupta S, Finucane B, Weisbrod MJ, Chan VWS, Kaszas Z, Dragomir C, Cohen MR, Gandhi M, Clanachan AS, Finegan BA, Isaac L, Splinter WM, Hall LA, Gould HM, Rhine EJ, Bergeron L, Girard M, Drolet P, Truong HHL, Boucher C, Vézina D, Lessard MR, Gourdeau M, Trépanier CA, Yang T, Breen TW, Macarthur A, Chouinard P, Fugère F, Ruel M, Tarkkila P, Silvasti M, Tuominen M, Svartling N, Rosenberg PH, Bond DM, Rudan JF, Adams MA, Tsang BK, Keahey W, Gagliese L, Jackson M, Ritvo P, Wowk A, Sandler AN, Katz J, Laffey JG, Boylan JF, Badner NH, Komar WE, Bond DM, Cherry RA, Spadafora SM, Butler RJ, McHardy F, Fortier J, Chung F, Marshall S, Krishnathas A, Wong J, Chung F, Ritchie E, McHardy F, Marshall S, Fortier J, Meikle A, Avery N, van Vlymen J, Parlow JL, Sinclair D, Chung F, Mezei G, Jin F, Chung F, Norris A, Ganeshram T, MacLeod BA, Azmudéh A, Franciosi LG, Ries CR, Schwarz SKW, McKay WPS, Gregson PH, McKay BWS, Blanchet T, Meuret P, Bonhomme V, Plourde G, Fiset P, Backman SB, Vesely A, Takeuchi A, Sommer L, Rucker J, Greenwald J, Lavine E, Iscoe S, Volgyesi G, Fedorko L, Fisher J, Lobato EB, Sulek CA, Davies LK, Gearen PF, Bellemare F, Donati F, Couture J, Joo HS, Rose DK, Kapoor S, Shayan S, Karkouti K, LeDez KM, Au J, Tucker JH, Redmond EB, Gadag V, Penney C, Hare GMT, Lee TDG, Hirsch GM, Yang F, Troncy E, Blaise G, Naito Y, Arisawa S, Ide M, Nakano S, Yamazaki K, Kawamura T, Nara N, Wakusawa R, Inada K, Hudson RJ, Singh K, Harding GA, Henderson BT, Thomson IR, Harding GA, Hudson RJ, Thomson IR, Thomson IR, Singh K, Hudson RJ, Wherrett CG, Miller DR, Giachino AA, Turek MA, Rody K, Vaghadia H, Chan V, Ganapathy S, Lui A, McKenna J, Zimmer K, Schwarz SKW, MacLeod BA, Ries CR, Franciosi LG, Regan WD, Davidson RG, Nevin K, Escobedo S, Mitmaker E, Tessler MJ, Kardash K, Kleiman SJ, Rossignol M, Kahn L, Baxter F, Dauphin A, Goldsmith C, Jackson P, McChesney J, Miller J, Takeuchi L, Young E, Klubien K, Bandi E, Carli F, Dattilo K, Tong D, Bhandari M, Carli F, Klubien K, Mazza L, Wykes L, Sommer LZ, Rucker J, Veseley A, Levene E, Greenwald Y, Volgyesi G, Fedorko L, Iscoe S, Fisher JA, Tian GF, Baker AJ, Reinders FX, Baker AJ, Moulton RJ, Brown JIM, Schlichter L, Troncy E, Van Tulder L, Carignan S, Prénovault J, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Guimond JG, Blait L, Ducruet T, Francœur M, Charbonneau M, Cousineau G, Blaise G, Wong DR, McCall M, Walsh F, Kurian R, Keith M, Sole MJ, Jeejeebhoy KN, Mazer CD, Whitten E, Norman PH, Aucar JA, Coveler LA, Solgonick RM, Bastien Y, Mazer B, Lihara K, Orser BA, Tymianski M, Finucane BT, Zaman N, Kashkari I, Tawfik S, Tarn YK, Slinger PD, McRae K, Winton T, Sandier AN, Zamora JE, Salpeter MJ, Bai D, MacDonald JF, Orser BA, Mayson K, Gofton E, Chambers K, Belo SE, Kay JC, Mazer CD, Hall SRR, Wang L, Milne B, Loomis C, Tsang BK, He Z, Wougchanapai W, Ho IK, Eichhorn JH, Tsang BK, Ma T, Wongchanapai W, He Z, Ho IK, Eicnhorn JH, Tsang BK, Wongchanapai W, He Z, Ho IK, Eichhorn JH, Murphy DB, Murphy MB, Bonhomme V, Meuret P, Backman SB, Plourde G, Fiset P, Stein RD, Backman SB, Collier B, Polosa C, Li CY, Chou TC, Wang JY, Fuller J, Butler R, Spadafora S, Donen N, Brownell L, Donen N, Brownell L, Shysh S, Carter K, Eagle C, Devito I, Halpern S, Devitt JH, Yee DA, deLacy JL, Oxorn DC, Morris GF, Yip RW, Gregoret-Quinn MG, Seal RF, Smith LJ, Jones AB, Tang C, Clanachan AS, Gallant BJ, Nadwidny LA, Goresky GV, Cowtan T, Bridge HS, Montgomery CJ, Kennedy RA, Merrick PM, Yamashita M, Wada K, LeMay S, Hardy JF, Morgan P, Halpern S, Evers J, Ronaldson P, Rose DK, Dexter F, Cohen MM, Wigglesworth D, Writer D, Muir H, Shukla R, Nunn R, Scovil J, Pridham J, Rosaeg O, Sandier A, Morley-Foster P, Lucy S, Crone LA, Zimmer K, Wilson DJ, Heid R, Douglas MJ, Rurak DW, Fabrizi A, Crochetière CT, Roy L, Villeneuve E, Lortie L, Katsiris S, Leighton B, Halpern S, Wilson D, Kronberg J, Swica L, Midgley J, Nunn R, Muir H, Shukla R, Smith B, Rooney ME, Campbell DC, Riben CM, Crone LA, Yip RW, Halpern S, Halpern S, MacDonell J, Levine T, Wilson D. Abstracts. Can J Anaesth 1998. [PMCID: PMC7103902 DOI: 10.1007/bf03019217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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McDowell N, McKenna J, Naylor PJ. Factors that influence practice nurses to promote physical activity. Br J Sports Med 1997; 31:308-13. [PMID: 9429008 PMCID: PMC1332565 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.31.4.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate what factors may influence practice nurses to promote physical activity. METHODS Postal questionnaires were sent to all practice nurses in the county of Avon, UK in 1994. Specifically, the questionnaire survey explored whether patient, provider, and practice factors influenced practice nurses promotion behaviour. In addition, the stages of change model was used to measure current levels of promoting behaviour. RESULTS A response rate of 80.9% was achieved. Over 80% of the sample reported currently promoting physical activity to some degree. "Promoting" nurses more frequently followed up all (new, established or targeted) patients' activity progress when compared with "restricted promoting" nurses (P < 0.05). Nurses who engaged in regular exercise were more likely to encourage physical activity as a treatment than "irregularly active" nurses (P < 0.05) for five of six clinical groups with the single exception of people with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the two stage measures (activity promotion and personal behaviour) of the health care professional are associated with important differences in patient and practice factors for physical activity promotion. Further investigations into the content and quality of delivery are required before planning strategies to develop physical activity in the general practice.
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Mosko S, Richard C, McKenna J. Infant arousals during mother-infant bed sharing: implications for infant sleep and sudden infant death syndrome research. Pediatrics 1997; 100:841-9. [PMID: 9346985 DOI: 10.1542/peds.100.5.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Normative values for infant sleep architecture have been established exclusively in the solitary sleeping environment. However, most of the world's cultures practice some form of parent-infant cosleeping. In addition, no previous polysomnographic studies in infants examined the frequency of electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals. This is the first study to assess (a) EEG arousals in infants and their relationship to sleep stages; (b) the impact on arousals of mother-infant bed sharing; and (c) the temporal overlap of infant with maternal arousals during bed sharing. METHODOLOGY Three nights of polysomnography were performed in 35 breastfeeding mother-infant pairs when the infants were 11 to 15 weeks old. An adaptation night was followed by one bed sharing night and one solitary sleeping night. Twenty infants had been bed sharing since birth and 15 were routine solitary sleepers. Both epochal awakenings (EWs), based on 30-second epoch scoring of sleep-wake stages, and more transient arousals (TAs) >/=3 seconds were quantified. RESULTS Stage 3-4 sleep was associated with a striking paucity of EWs and TAs compared with stages 1-2 or rapid eye movement sleep. Bed sharing facilitated EWs and TAs selectively during stage 3-4 sleep. EWs from stage 3-4 sleep were more frequent on the bed sharing night than on the solitary night in both infant groups. Routinely bed sharing infants also exhibited more frequent TAs in stage 3-4 than the routine solitary sleepers in both conditions. In both groups, the number of infant arousals (EWs + TAs) that overlapped the mother's was doubled during bed sharing, with infant arousals leading most often. CONCLUSIONS Mother-infant bed sharing promotes infant arousals. Together with a previous report that bed sharing reduces stage 3-4 sleep, this suggests that normative values for infant sleep must be interpreted within the context of the sleeping environment in which they were established. Given that arousability is diminished in stage 3-4, we speculate that, under otherwise safe conditions, the observed changes in stage 3-4 sleep and arousals associated with bed sharing might be protective to infants at risk for SIDS because of a hypothesized arousal deficit. The responsivity of the mother to infant arousals during bed sharing might also be protective.
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McKenna J. Latex allergy. Br Dent J 1997; 183:120. [PMID: 9293123 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4809437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Mosko S, Richard C, McKenna J, Drummond S, Mukai D. Maternal proximity and infant CO2 environment during bedsharing and possible implications for SIDS research. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 1997; 103:315-28. [PMID: 9261495 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199707)103:3<315::aid-ajpa2>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of human infant mortality after the neonatal period in Western countries. Recently, child care practices have been shown to be important in determining infant vulnerability to SIDS. However, very little is known about the impact of parent-infant cosleeping on infant sleep physiology and behavior and SIDS risk. This reflects the failure of Western societal research paradigms to appreciate the human infant's evolutionary history of cosleeping, the recency of the emergence of solitary infant sleeping as a practice and the fact that parent-infant cosleeping is still the preferred sleeping arrangement for the majority of contemporary societies. Incorporating current hypotheses on the mechanisms of SIDS, we have hypothesized that the comparatively sensory-rich cosleeping environment might be protective against SIDS in some contexts. As a first step to characterize cosleeping environments, this investigation is aimed at assessing, in routinely bedsharing mothers and infants, their relative sleeping positions and the potential for sleeping in close face-to face proximity and for infant exposure to increased environmental CO2 produced by maternal respiration. The latter is important in that breathing elevated levels of CO2 can have diverse effects, ranging from respiratory stimulation at low levels to suffocation at very high levels. Two related laboratory studies were performed. In the first, all-night videotapes of 12 healthy, routinely bedsharing mother-infant pairs were analyzed for sleeping positions and time spent in face-to-face orientation and distances separating their faces. Infants were 11-15 wk old. Mothers predominantly positioned themselves on their sides facing their infants, with the infants placed either supine or on their sides. Mothers and infants slept oriented face-to-face for 64 +/- 27% (S.D.) of non-movement time, with distance less than 20 cm commonly separating their faces. In the second study, concentrations of CO2 in air were measured in six young women at distances of up to 21 cm from their nares. Peak expiratory CO2 concentrations remained above 1.0% at distances up to 9 cm and above 0.5% at 18 cm. Both baseline and peak CO2 levels were further increased at all distances when measured within a partial air pocket created to simulate a bedding environment sometimes seen during bedsharing. We conclude that during bedsharing there is potential for 1) a high degree of face-to-face orientation and close proximity and consequently 2) increased environmental CO2, as a result of maternal respiration, to non-lethal levels that might stimulate infant respiration. The close proximity would also maximize the sensory impact of the mother on the infant through other modalities. We also suggest that bedsharing may minimize prone infant positioning, a known risk factor for SIDS.
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Belcher PR, McKenna J, Morrison JN. An improved valve rotator. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1997; 11:988-90. [PMID: 9196319 DOI: 10.1016/s1010-7940(97)01198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A device to rotate valve prostheses is described. By using a polythene tubing universal joint the valve may be turned by twisting the handle of the valve rotator without altering its spatial orientation. This modification was designed to facilitate what can be a frustrating manoeuvre and should be applicable to any rotatable valve.
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Abstract
Contrary to popular perception, studies show that parent-infant bedsharing is not uncommon in American society. A belief that bedsharing with infants negatively impacts the quality of adult sleep also appears wide-spread. This has not been substantiated, however, because the few studies that have measured the impact of bedsharing on adult sleep examined only bedsharing with another adult. In the present study, laboratory polysomnography was performed in 20 routinely bedsharing and 15 routinely solitary-sleeping, breastfeeding, Latino mother-infant pairs comparing the mothers' sleep when bedsharing to solitary-sleeping nights. Infants were 11-15 weeks old at the time. Irrespective of routine sleeping arrangement, mothers' total sleep time was not decreased on the bedsharing night compared to the solitary night. Across the two groups, percent Stage 3-4 sleep (of total sleep time) was significantly reduced on the bedsharing night but only by 3.9%, while Stage 1-2 sleep was increased 3.7%. Episodes of both Stages 3-4 and 1-2 were significantly shorter. The amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was unaffected. Overall, arousal frequency was significantly increased by 3.6 hour-1. As the increase in arousal frequency was stage specific, it could account for the pattern of stage changes. Nocturnal wakefulness was not increased, however, because awakenings were of shorter duration. these effects of bedsharing did not habituate with routine bedsharing because they were not diminished in the routinely bedsharing mothers compared to the routinely solitary-sleeping mothers. We find that the impact of bedsharing on maternal sleep is modest and somewhat different from the reported impact of sleeping with another adult. From the infant's standpoint, the effects on maternal sleep are adaptive to the extent that opportunities to monitor the infant's status are enhanced. The mother's caregiver role is likely germane to differential effects on sleep of bedsharing with an infant versus another adult.
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Richard C, Mosko S, McKenna J, Drummond S. Sleeping position, orientation, and proximity in bedsharing infants and mothers. Sleep 1996; 19:685-90. [PMID: 9122553 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/19.9.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of mother-infant bedsharing on infant sleeping position, orientation, and proximity to the mother was assessed in 12 breast-feeding Latino mother-infant pairs. Six routinely bedsharing and six routinely solitary-sleeping pairs slept 3 nights in the sleep laboratory. The first night matched the routine home condition, followed by 1 bedsharing night and 1 solitary-sleeping night in random order. During bedsharing infants were never placed prone, regardless of their routine sleeping condition. On the bedsharing night, mothers and infants spent most of the night oriented toward each other; seven of 12 infants remained oriented toward their mothers the entire night. While sleeping in a face-to-face orientation, most pairs slept most of the time less than 30 cm apart with appreciable amounts of time at less than 20 cm. This orientation and proximity should facilitate sensory exchanges between mother and infant which, we hypothesize, influence the infant's sleep physiology and nocturnal behavior. We conclude that bedsharing minimizes the use of the prone infant sleeping position, probably in part to facilitate breast feeding. By promoting nonprone positions, bedsharing may protect some infants from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), since prone sleeping is a known risk factor for SIDS. The large percentage of the night that mothers spent oriented toward their infants suggests that a higher degree of maternal vigilance may also result from bedsharing.
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Mosko S, Richard C, McKenna J, Drummond S. Infant sleep architecture during bedsharing and possible implications for SIDS. Sleep 1996; 19:677-84. [PMID: 9122552 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/19.9.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arousal is an important protective response during sleep, and arousal deficit is hypothesized to play a role in the etiology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Because environmental or caretaking factors have been shown to exert powerful effects on susceptibility to SIDS, manipulations that facilitate arousability might be protective against SIDS. All-night laboratory polysomnographic recordings were performed in 20 routinely bedsharing and 15 routinely solitary sleeping healthy breast-feeding Latino infants within the peak age range for SIDS, in both bedsharing (with mother) and solitary sleeping environments. The most important findings revealed by repeated measures analyses of variance were a significant reduction in stage 3/4 sleep and an inverse increase in stage 1/2 sleep on the bedsharing night compared to the solitary night, irrespective of routine sleeping arrangement. Shorter mean duration episodes of stage 3/4 sleep and longer mean stage 1/2 sleep episodes accounted for these differences. Because the arousal threshold is high in the electroencephalographic delta range, by limiting the amount of stage 3/4 sleep, bedsharing should promote infant arousability and might be protective against SIDS. The results also suggest that accepted normative values for infant sleep established in solitary sleeping infants may not be representative of infants raised in social sleeping environments.
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Alexander G, Allison J, Altekamp N, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Anderson S, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Bechtluft J, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell AN, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Blobel V, Bloodworth IJ, Bloomer JE, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Bouwens BT, Braibant S, Brown RM, Burckhart HJ, Burgard C, Bürgin R, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chrisman D, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Jong S, Pozo LA, Desch K, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Doucet M, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Edwards JEG, Estabrooks PG, Evans HG, Evans M, Fabbri F, Fath P, Fiedler F, Fierro M, Fischer HM, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Gascon-Shotkin SM, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gingrich DM, Goldberg J, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Gruwé M, Hajdu C, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hapke M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hartmann C, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Hawkings R, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hildreth MD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hoare J, Hobson PR, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Horváth D, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Hutchcroft DE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Ingram MR, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Joly A, Jones CR, Jones G, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jost U, Jovanovic P, Junk TR, Karlen D, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King BJ, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lanske D, Lauber J, Lautenschlager SR, Layter JG, Lazic D, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Letts J, Levinson L, Lewis C, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Losty MJ, Ludwig J, Luig A, Malik A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Martinez G, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, McDonald WJ, McKenna J, Mckigney EA, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, McPherson RA, Meijers F, Menke S, Merritt FS, Mes H, Meyer J, Michelini A, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, Müller U, Neal HA, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, Nisius R, O’Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Omori T, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Pálinkás J, Pansart JP, Pásżtor G, Pater JR, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Petzold S, Pfeifenschneider P, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Przysiezniak H, Rees DL, Rigby D, Robins SA, Rodning N, Roney JM, Rooke A, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Ruppel U, Rust DR, Rylko R, Sarkisyan EKG, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schmitt S, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schulz M, Schütz P, Scott WG, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Sittler A, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Steiert M, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Strumia F, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Talbot SD, Tanaka S, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Thiergen M, Thomson MA, Törne E, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Tsur E, Turcot AS, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Verzocchi M, Vikas P, Vincter M, Vokurka EH, Wäckerle F, Wagner A, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, White JS, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yamashita S, Yekutieli G, Zacek V. A measurement of the B d 0 oscillation frequency using leptons and D*± mesons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/s002880050258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Finucane BT, Sandler AN, McKenna J, Reid D, Milner AL, Friedlander M, Muzyka D, O'Callaghan-Enright S, Chan V. A double-blind comparison of ropivacaine 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0% and bupivacaine 0.5%, injected epidurally, in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Can J Anaesth 1996; 43:442-9. [PMID: 8723849 DOI: 10.1007/bf03018104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ropivacaine is a new long-acting, injectable local anaesthetic currently undergoing clinical investigation world wide. It is structurally very similar to bupivacaine, but with less potential for central nervous system or cardiac toxicity. The purpose of this double-blind study was: to investigate the dose-response relationship of increasing doses of ropivacaine on the quality of anaesthesia and the duration of both motor and sensory blockade, and to compare these results with an established local anaesthetic, bupivacaine. METHODS One hundred and twenty five patients were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups and 116 completed the study. Epidural anaesthesia was established using 25 ml test solution, injected over three minutes following a satisfactory test dose. Sensory onset, spread and duration, using the pin prick method, and motor scores using a modified Bromage scoring system were compared. RESULTS A dose/response relationship was observed with increasing doses of ropivacaine for all variables tested except analgesia and muscle relaxation (P < 0.01). There were differences in: (i) motor onset (Levels 1 and 2), when ropivacaine 1.0% was compared with ropivacaine 0.75% and 0.5% (P < 0.05); (ii) in sensory duration at all levels except T6 when ropivacaine was compared with ropivacaine 0.5% (P < 0.05); (iii) differences in sensory duration at T12 and S1 when ropivacaine 1.0% was compared with bupivacaine 0.5% (P < 0.05); (iv) differences in motor duration at all levels when ropivacaine 1.0% was compared with ropivacaine 0.5% (P < 0.05). No serious adverse events were reported in this study. CONCLUSION Increasing doses of ropivacaine were associated with an increased clinical effect. The most consistent differences occurred when ropivacaine 1.0% was compared with 0.5% and the least consistent between ropivacaine 0.5%, 0.75% and bupivacaine 0.5%. The main difference between ropivacaine 1.0% and bupivacaine was in sensory duration. No serious adverse events were reported.
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Badner NH, Reid D, Sullivan P, Ganapathy S, Crosby ET, McKenna J, Lui A. Continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine for the prevention of postoperative pain after major orthopaedic surgery: a dose-finding study. Can J Anaesth 1996; 43:17-22. [PMID: 8665629 DOI: 10.1007/bf03015952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A dose-finding study to investigate the use of epidural infusions of ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia following orthopaedic surgery. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind study. Surgery was performed using a combination of a lumbar epidural block utilizing ropivacaine 0.5% and a standardized general anaesthetic. Postoperatively, an epidural infusion of the study solution (saline, ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2% or 0.3%) was started at the rate of 10 ml.hr-1 and continued for 21 hr after arrival in the PACU. Analgesia was supplemented with PCA morphine (dose = 1.0 mg, lock-out = 5 min). RESULTS Forty-four patients completed the study. The ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% groups required less morphine over the 21 hr than the saline group (P < 0.01). The VAS pain scores were also lower in the three ropivacaine groups (P < 0.001). The ropivacaine groups maintained sensory anaesthesia to pinprick when compared with saline (P < 0.05). The motor block in the 0.3% group was significantly higher than the saline group at all times (P < 0.05), and higher than the 0.1% group at eight hours (P < 0.01), while the 0.2% group had higher Bromage scores than saline at 4 and 21 hr (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of continuous epidural infusions of ropivacaine 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% at 10 ml.hr-1 improved postoperative pain relief and decreased PCA morphine requirements in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. The 0.1% and 0.2% concentrations produced similar sensory anaesthesia with less motor blockade than the 0.3% concentration.
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Altekamp N, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Anderson S, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Bethke S, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bechtluft J, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Bürgin R, Burgard C, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Edwards JEG, Estabrooks PG, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fiedler F, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Gascon-Shotkin SM, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hapke M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hartmann C, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Hawkings R, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Hutchcroft DE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Joly A, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King BJ, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lanske D, Lauber J, Layter JG, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Letts J, Levinson L, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Ludwig J, Luig A, Malik A, Mannelli M, Marcllini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, McKenna J, Mckigney EA, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Menke S, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, Müller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oldershaw NJ, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Palmonari F, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schütz P, Schulz M, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Törne E, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot AS, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wäckerle F, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yekutieli G, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. Measurement of the τ−→h − h + h − v τ and τ−→h − h + h −≥1π0 v τ branching ratios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01565256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Altekamp N, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Anderson S, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Bethke S, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bechtluft J, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, B�rgin R, Burgard C, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dixit MS, do Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Edwards JEG, Estabrooks PG, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fiedler F, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, F�rtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hapke M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hartmann C, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Hawkings R, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Hutchcroft DE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Joly A, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King BJ, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lanske D, Lauber J, Layter JG, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Letts J, Levinson L, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Malik A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, M�ttig P, McKenna J, Mckigney EA, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Menke S, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, M�ller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oldershaw NJ, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Palmonari F, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schr�der M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Sch�tz P, Schulz M, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, S�ldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, T�rne E, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot AS, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, W�ckerle F, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yekutieli G, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. A search for lepton flavour violating Z0 decays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01553981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Bürgin R, Burgard C, Capdevielle N, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dittmar M, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Edwards JEG, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Fischer P, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King B, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, Müller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oldershaw NJ, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Palmonari F, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schütz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Takeda H, Takeshita T, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Tousignant O, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot AS, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. Improved measurements of the B0 and B+ meson lifetimes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01624581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Bürgin R, Burgard C, Capdevielle N, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dittmar M, Dixit MS, do Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Edwards JEG, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Fischer P, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King B, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, Müller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oldershaw NJ, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Palmonari F, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schütz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Takeda H, Takeshita T, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Tousignant O, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot AS, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. The production of neutral kaons in Z0 decays and their Bose-Einstein correlations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01624582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Astbury A, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bock HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, B�rgin R, Burgard C, Capdevielle N, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dittmar M, Dixit MS, Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Fischer P, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, F�rtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, H�cker A, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King B, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Du P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Li Z, Liu F, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, M�ttig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, M�ller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Pitman D, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison M, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schr�der M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Sch�tz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, S�ldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Takeda H, Takeshita T, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Tousignant O, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot A, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. Observations of ?-B charge-flavor correlations and resonant B? and BK production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01496577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Astbury A, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Bürgin R, Burgard C, Capdevielle N, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dittmar M, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Fischer P, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herter G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Höcker A, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King B, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Du P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Li Z, Liu F, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, Müller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Pitman D, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schütz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Stettles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Takeda H, Takeshita T, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Tousignant O, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot A, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zacck V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. A measurement of the production of D*± mesons on the Z0 resonance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01564819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Ametewee K, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barberio E, Barlow RJ, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentvelsen S, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Braibant S, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Bürgin R, Burgard C, Capdevielle N, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Clowes SG, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooke OC, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Diumar M, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dunwoody UC, Edwards JEG, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fanti M, Fath P, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Fischer P, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, Fürtjes A, Gagnon P, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit EX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Gross E, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hausroul M, Hargrove CK, Hart PA, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Howard R, Hughes-Jones RE, Igo-Kemenes P, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kanzaki J, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King B, King J, Kirk J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Kress T, Krieger P, Krogh J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lai WP, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Du P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Li Z, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, Matthews W, Mättig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNab AI, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Montanari A, Mori I, Morii M, Müller U, Nellen B, Nijjhar B, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oldershaw NJ, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Pansart JP, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Phillips PD, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Posthaus A, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Rigby D, Rison MG, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rodning N, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Rozen Y, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schröder M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schütz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Söldner-Rembold S, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Starks M, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Stockhausen B, Strom D, Szymanski P, Tafirout R, Takeda H, Takeshita T, Taras P, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Tousignant O, Towers S, Tscheulin M, Tsukamoto T, Turcot A, Turner-Watson MF, Utzat P, Kooten R, Vasseur G, Vikas P, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zacek V, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. A study of charm meson production in semileptonic B decays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01564821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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McKenna J. The laryngeal mask airway and laryngeal polyposis. Anesth Analg 1995; 80:211-2. [PMID: 7802293 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199501000-00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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McKenna J, Mosko S, Richard C, Drummond S, Hunt L, Cetel MB, Arpaia J. Experimental studies of infant-parent co-sleeping: mutual physiological and behavioral influences and their relevance to SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). Early Hum Dev 1994; 38:187-201. [PMID: 7821263 DOI: 10.1016/0378-3782(94)90211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesize that maternal sensory exchanges, likely involving a combination of heat, sound, gas, smells, movement, and touch, induce important physiological changes, especially in the healthy infant's arousal patterns, body temperature, and sleep architecture as defined by standard physiological measures. We summarize the results of two preliminary physiological studies, and some early data from a third, in which mothers and infants are monitored using standard polysomnographic techniques as they sleep in the same bed, and then in adjacent rooms. Our data suggest that infant-parent co-sleeping alters the infant's sleep experience as, for example, the characteristics of arousals, the frequency and duration of nursing, infant sleep position and the number of maternal inspections. For example, while sleeping in the same bed, mothers nurse their infants three times more frequently than they do while their infants sleep in an adjacent room. These preliminary data demonstrate significant differences between routine co-sleeping and solitary sleeping environments. This work underscores the importance of studying infant sleep as it unfolds in the co-sleeping environment, the environment within which it evolved over at least 5 million years of human evolution. Should our preliminary findings be confirmed in future studies they will provide a beginning point for considering additional, possibly unconventional ways of helping to reduce SIDS risks.
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Akers R, Alexander G, Allison J, Anderson KJ, Arcelli S, Asai S, Astbury A, Axen D, Azuelos G, Ball AH, Barlow RJ, Barnett S, Bartoldus R, Batley JR, Beaudoin G, Beck A, Beck GA, Becker J, Beeston C, Behnke T, Bell KW, Bella G, Bentkowski P, Berlich P, Bethke S, Biebel O, Bloodworth IJ, Bock P, Boden B, Bosch HM, Boutemeur M, Bright-Thomas P, Brown RM, Buijs A, Burckhart HJ, Burgard C, Capiluppi P, Carnegie RK, Carter AA, Carter JR, Chang CY, Charlesworth C, Charlton DG, Chu SL, Clarke PEL, Clayton JC, Cohen I, Conboy JE, Cooper M, Coupland M, Cuffiani M, Dado S, Dallapiccola C, Dallavalle GM, Darling C, Jong S, Pozo LA, Deng H, Dittmar M, Dixit MS, Couto e Silva E, Duboscq JE, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Duerdoth IP, Dumas DJP, Elcombe PA, Estabrooks PG, Etzion E, Evans HG, Fabbri F, Fabbro B, Fierro M, Fincke-Keeler M, Fischer HM, Folman R, Fong DG, Foucher M, Fukui H, F�rtjes A, Gaidot A, Gary JW, Gascon J, Geddes NI, Geich-Gimbel C, Gensler SW, Gentit FX, Geralis T, Giacomelli G, Giacomelli P, Giacomelli R, Gibson V, Gibson WR, Gillies JD, Goldberg J, Gingrich DM, Goodrick MJ, Gorn W, Grandi C, Grant FC, Hagemann J, Hanson GG, Hansroul M, Hargrove CK, narrison PF, Hart J, Hart PA, Hattersley PM, Hauschild M, Hawkes CM, Heflin E, Hemingway RJ, Herten G, Heuer RD, Hill JC, Hillier SJ, Hilse T, Hinshaw DA, Hobson PR, Hochman D, Homer RJ, Honma AK, Hughes-Jones RE, Humbert R, Igo-Kemenes P, Ihssen H, Imrie DC, Jawahery A, Jeffreys PW, Jeremie H, Jimack M, Jones M, Jones RWL, Jovanovic P, Jui C, Karlen D, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Keeler RK, Kellogg RG, Kennedy BW, King J, Kluth S, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Koetke DS, Kokott TP, Komamiya S, Kowalewski R, Howard R, Krogh J, Kroll J, Kyberd P, Lafferty GD, Lafoux H, Lahmann R, Lauber J, Layter JG, Leblanc P, Du P, Lee AM, Lefebvre E, Lehto MH, Lellouch D, Leroy C, Letts J, Levinson L, Li Z, Lloyd SL, Loebinger FK, Long GD, Lorazo B, Losty MJ, Lou XC, Ludwig J, Luig A, Mannelli M, Marcellini S, Markus C, Martin AJ, Martin JP, Mashimo T, M�ttig P, Maur U, McKenna J, McMahon TJ, McNutt JR, Meijers F, Merritt FS, Mes H, Michelini A, Middleton RP, Mikenberg G, Mildenberger J, Miller DJ, Mir R, Mohr W, Moisan C, Montanari A, Mori T, Morii M, M�ller U, Nellen B, Nguyen HH, O'Neale SW, Oakham FG, Odorici F, Ogren HO, Oram CJ, Oreglia MJ, Orito S, Pansart JP, Paschievici P, Patrick GN, Pearce MJ, Pfister P, Pilcher JE, Pinfold J, Pitman D, Plane DE, Poffenberger P, Poli B, Pritchard TW, Przysiezniak H, Quast G, Redmond MW, Rees DL, Richards GE, Rison M, Robins SA, Robinson D, Rollnik A, Roney JM, Ros E, Rossberg S, Rossi AM, Rosvick M, Routenburg P, Runge K, Runolfsson O, Rust DR, Sasaki M, Sbarra C, Schaile AD, Schaile O, Scharf F, Scharff-Hansen P, Schenk P, Schmitt B, Schmitt H, Schr�der M, Schultz-Coulon HC, Sch�tz P, Schulz M, Schwick C, Schwiening J, Scott WG, Settles M, Shears TG, Shen BC, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Sherwood P, Siroli GP, Skillman A, Skuja A, Smith AM, Smith TJ, Snow GA, Sobie R, Springer RW, Sproston M, Stahl A, Stegmann C, Stephens K, Steuerer J, Str�hmer R, Strom D, Takeda H, Tarem S, Tecchio M, Teixeira-Dias P, Tesch N, Thomson MA, Torrente-Lujan E, Towers S, Tresilian NJ, Tsukamoto T, Turner MF, plas D, Kooten R, VanDalen GJ, Vasseur G, Vincter M, Wagner A, Wagner DL, Wahl C, Ward CP, Ward DR, Ward JJ, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson NK, Weber P, Wells PS, Wermes N, Wilkens B, Wilson GW, Wilson JA, Winterer VH, Wlodek T, Wolf G, Wotton S, Wyatt TR, Yaari R, Yeaman A, Yekutieli G, Yurko M, Zeuner W, Zorn GT. QCD studies using a cone-based jet finding algorithm fore + e ? collisons at LEP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01411011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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