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Song K, Kim J, Wen N, Li H, Snyder K, Zhong H, Gordon J, Chetty I. SU-E-J-147: Quantitative Analysis of 2.5 MV Portal Imaging Performance Compared to KV and 6MV Portal Imaging On the Novel Edge LINAC. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Amro H, Chetty I, Gordon J, Wen N. SU-E-J-257: Image Artifacts Caused by Implanted Calypso Beacons in MRI Studies. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Liu C, Kumarasiri A, Chetvertkov M, Gordon J, Chetty I, Siddiqui F, Kim J. SU-E-J-145: Geometric Uncertainty in CBCT Extrapolation for Head and Neck Adaptive Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Little M, Gordon J, Lipworth W, Markham P, Kerridge I. Values as ‘modest foundations’ for medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5750/ejpch.v2i2.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Medicine and healthcare have been around for thousands of years, but we seldom ask why they are so important. It seems self-evident that we should seek relief of suffering from some institution in the society in which we live and equally self-evident that each society should provide healthcare for its people at some level. Yet when we inquire further, we are driven to seek foundational answers to iterative questions, seeking answers at deeper and deeper levels. Ultimately, it seems best to accept the Humean refuge [1] and finish with some such statement as “Humans are like that” or “Societies can’t function in any other way”.These Humean questions suggest that survival, security and flourishing are endpoints for such an inquiry and that medical (and many other) systems are built on these implicit foundations. The ways in which societies build relevant systems (such as medicine, welfare, law, transport, housing and so on) will differ strikingly, but common ground will still exist at the foundational level.Acknowledging a commonality of foundations does not commit one either to a conservative normativity, nor to a loose relativism. Increasing activity at the level of the International Court of Justice makes clear that there is a possibility of consensus for judging the validity of the interpretations and enactments of foundational values in any society. The ideals of the American Declaration of Independence – life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness – are principles very similar to the foundational values of survival, security and flourishing. Person-centered medicine is inescapably based on theories of the person and must therefore be able to offer an account of what personhood is. Values underpin the philosophy and practice of medicine, including person-centered medicine, because they are foundations of personhood, as well as foundations of the societies in which each person lives.
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Khuu SK, Gordon J, Balcomb K, Kim J. The perception of three-dimensional cast-shadow structure is dependent on visual awareness. J Vis 2014; 14:25. [DOI: 10.1167/14.3.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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106
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Stone L, Gordon J. A is for aphorism - 'Wherever the art of medicine is loved there is also a love of humanity'. AUSTRALIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 2013; 42:824-825. [PMID: 24217108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
He was an amazing diagnostician. He could listen to the history and then with this long, pointy, bony finger he'd say, "So, what do you think was significant in that bit of the history? What did you feel there as you examined the abdomen? Did you look at this here? Have you seen these?" But he was a very warm person too - just so caring.
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Mateer E, DiMattina M, Gordon J, Rosado C, Payson M. Natural cycle IVF pregnancies in patients with very low serum AMH. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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108
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Gui W, Zemon V, Gordon J, Hu G, Huang J. Assessment of Neural Mechanisms in Central Visual Function: A Visual Evoked Potential Study in Observers with and without Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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109
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Morrison ML, Sands AJ, McCusker CG, McKeown PP, McMahon M, Gordon J, Grant B, Craig BG, Casey FA. Exercise training improves activity in adolescents with congenital heart disease. Heart 2013; 99:1122-8. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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110
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Xu H, Vile D, Sharma M, Gordon J, Siebers J. TU-E-141-02: Coverage-Based Treatment Planning to Accommodate Deformable Organ Variations in Prostate Cancer Treatment. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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111
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Gulam M, Gopal A, Chin K, Kim J, Orfali A, Gordon J, Chetty I, Nurushev T. SU-E-T-386: Does the Couch Need to Be Included for Accurate IMRT Planning? Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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112
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Chen D, Kim J, Gordon J, Chetty I. SU-E-T-185: Time-Dependent Calibration Correction for EBT Film Dosimetry. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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113
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Lipworth W, Little M, Markham P, Gordon J, Kerridge I. Doctors on status and respect: a qualitative study. JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2013; 10:205-217. [PMID: 23515959 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-013-9430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While doctors generally enjoy considerable status, some believe that this is increasingly threatened by consumerism, managerialism, and competition from other health professions. Research into doctors' perceptions of the changes occurring in medicine has provided some insights into how they perceive and respond to these changes but has generally failed to distinguish clearly between concerns about "status," related to the entitlements associated with one's position in a social hierarchy, and concerns about "respect," related to being held in high regard for one's moral qualities. In this article we explore doctors' perceptions of the degree to which they are respected and their explanations for, and responses to, instances of perceived lack of respect. We conclude that doctors' concerns about loss of respect need to be clearly distinguished from concerns about loss of status and that medical students need to be prepared for a changing social field in which others' respect cannot be taken for granted.
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Li H, Kim J, Gordon J, Jin J, Huang Y, Chin K, Wen N, Chetty I, Ryu S. SU-E-T-416: Targeting Accuracy of a TrueBeam System for Multi-Lesion Cranial Radiosurgery with Single Isocenter. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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115
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Bednarz B, Gordon J, Fain S, Bouchlaka M, Capitini C. SU-E-CAMPUS-J-01: Monitoring of 19F-Labeled Immune Cell Trafficking During Radiotherapy Using MRI. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
Abstract
For more than two decades rudimentary versions of the fixed sample and sequential search strategies have provided the primary theoretical foundation for the study of mate choice decisions by searchers. The theory that surrounds these models has expanded markedly over this time period. In this paper, we review and extend results derived from these models, with a focus on the empirical analysis of searcher behavior. The basic models are impractical for empirical purposes because they rely on the assumption that searchers—and, for applied purposes, researchers—assess prospective mates based on their quality, the fitness consequences of mate choice decisions. Here we expound versions of the models that are more empirically useful, reformulated to reflect decisions based on male phenotypic characters. For some organisms, it may be possible to use preference functions to derive predictions from the reformulated models and thereby avoid difficulties associated with the measurement of male quality per se. But predictions derived from the two models are difficult to differentiate empirically, regardless of how the models are formulated. Here we develop ideas that illustrate how this goal might be accomplished. In addition, we clarify how the variability of male quality should be evaluated and we extend what is known about how this variability influences searcher behavior under each model. More general difficulties associated with the empirical study of mate choice decisions by searchers are also discussed.
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Rinaldi I, Brons S, Gordon J, Panse R, Voss B, Jäkel O, Parodi K. Experimental characterization of a prototype detector system for carbon ion radiography and tomography. Phys Med Biol 2013. [PMID: 23296259 DOI: 10.1088/0031‐9155/58/3/413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion beams exhibit a finite range and an inverted depth-dose profile, the Bragg peak. These favorable physical properties allow excellent tumor-dose conformality. However, they introduce sensitivity to range uncertainties. Although these uncertainties are typically taken into account in treatment planning, delivery of the intended dose to the patient has to be ensured daily to prevent underdosage of the tumor or overdosage of surrounding critical structures. Thus, imaging techniques play an increasingly important role for treatment planning and in situ monitoring in ion beam therapy. At the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy (HIT) center, a prototype detector system based on a stack of 61 ionization chambers has been assembled for the purpose of radiographic and tomographic imaging of transmitted energetic ions. Its applicability to ion-based transmission imaging was investigated experimentally. An extensive characterization of the set-up in terms of beam parameters and settings of the read-out electronics was performed. Overall, the findings of this work support the potential of an efficient experimental set-up as the range telescope equipped with high sensitivity and fast electronics to perform heavy ion radiography and tomography at HIT.
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Colling D, Britton D, Gordon J, Lloyd S, Doyle A, Gronbech P, Coles J, Sansum A, Patrick G, Jones R, Middleton R, Kelsey D, Cass A, Geddes N, Clark P, Barnby L. Processing LHC data in the UK. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120094. [PMID: 23230163 PMCID: PMC3538294 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the greatest scientific endeavours to date. The construction of the collider itself and the experiments that collect data from it represent a huge investment, both financially and in terms of human effort, in our hope to understand the way the Universe works at a deeper level. Yet the volumes of data produced are so large that they cannot be analysed at any single computing centre. Instead, the experiments have all adopted distributed computing models based on the LHC Computing Grid. Without the correct functioning of this grid infrastructure the experiments would not be able to understand the data that they have collected. Within the UK, the Grid infrastructure needed by the experiments is provided by the GridPP project. We report on the operations, performance and contributions made to the experiments by the GridPP project during the years of 2010 and 2011--the first two significant years of the running of the LHC.
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Rinaldi I, Brons S, Gordon J, Panse R, Voss B, Jäkel O, Parodi K. Experimental characterization of a prototype detector system for carbon ion radiography and tomography. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:413-27. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/3/413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Stea B, Schindler R, Joffe L, Hamilton R, Lutz W, Gordon J, Georgiev G, Senner G, Marstellar L. Minimally Invasive Retrobulbar Episcleral Brachytherapy for Treatment of Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration: Preliminary Results of a Feasibility Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Raj G, Gordon J, Logan T, Hall D, Deluca A, Giordano A, Khalili K. Characterization of glioma-cells derived from human polyomavirus-induced brain-tumors in hamsters. Int J Oncol 2012; 7:801-8. [PMID: 21552907 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.7.4.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral injection of human polyomavirus, JCV, into neonatal hamsters causes tumors of,glial origin. HJC is an established cell Line derived from a JCV-induced mixed hamster brain tumor with astrocytic and ependymal components. Flow cytometric and immunohistochemical analysis of HJC suggests that it is comprised of a mixed population of cells all of which contain the JCV early protein, T-antigen, in the nuclei. Five individual clonal lines, called HJC-15a to HJC-15e, were isolated by limiting dilution and were found to exhibit distinct morphological characteristics with 25-30% variation in their sizes. It was evident that each clone has unique growth rates, doubling times, and cell cycle parameters with different G(1), S, and G(2) phase times. All clonal cells showed the presence of the JCV early protein in the nucleus. Of interest was the observation from immunoprecipitation and Western analysis indicating qualitative and quantitative differences in the T-antigen isoforms produced in these cells. Similar to the parental clone, HJC-15b produced two distinct forms of JCV T-antigen isoforms, 88 kDa and 92 kDa proteins. In addition, HJC-15c was able to produce a 23-25 kDa protein which was recognized by anti-T-antigen antibody. The activity of cyclin-dependent kinases, in particular cdc2, was higher in HJC-15c than in the other cell lines. The data presented herein indicates that glioblastomas induced by viral T-antigen expression are composed of a multitude of distinct cells that possess a variety of different characteristics.
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Noch E, Pina-Oviedo S, Perez-Liz G, Bookland M, Del Valle L, Gordon J, Khalili K, Juratli TA, Peitzsch M, Geiger K, Schackert G, Eisenhofer G, Krex D, Chaumeil MM, Woods SM, Danforth RM, Yoshihara H, Lodi A, Robinson A, Lupo JM, Pieper RO, Phillips JJ, Ronen SM, Schonberg DL, Heddleston JM, Hjelmeland AB, Rich JN, Rahim SAA, Sanzey M, Bjerkvig R, Niclou SP, Mustafa DAM, Swagemakers SMA, van der Spek PJ, Kros JM, Vartanian A, Singh SK, Zadeh G, Lim KS, Lim KJ, Orr BA, Price AC, Eberhart CG, Bar EE, Liu WM, Huang P, Nowacki A, Distelhorst C, Lathia J, Rich J, Kappes J, Gladson C, Schwartz K, Chang H, Karl Olson L. LAB-METABOLIC PATHWAYS. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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123
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Abstract
Philosophically, values refer to the basic commitments that justify judgements, beliefs and practices, both at the community and personal levels. The study of these kinds of values is axiology. We suggest that all people subscribe to three foundational values - survival, security and flourishing - and that these foundational values are expressed by way of concepts, systems, principles and practices that may differ substantially from culture to culture. Values can stand on their own as foundational justifications for health care and medicine. Many ethical quandaries can be better understood, even though they may remain unsolved, by reference to the foundational values that people can agree upon. This version of values-based health care has strong claims to prior logical status as a justification for the whole enterprise of health care, and values-based medicine is a part of this larger domain.
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Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Bioethics and professionalism are standard subjects in medical training programmes, and these curricula reflect particular representations of meaning and practice. It is important that these curricula cohere with the actual concerns of practicing clinicians so that students are prepared for real-world practice. We aimed to identify ethical and professional concerns that do not appear to be adequately addressed in standard curricula by comparing ethics curricula with themes that emerged from a qualitative study of medical practitioners. METHOD Curriculum analysis: Thirty-two prominent ethics and professionalism curricula were identified through a database search and were analysed thematically. Qualitative study: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 medical practitioners. Participants were invited to reflect upon their perceptions of the ways in which values matter in their practices and their educational experiences. The themes emerging from the two studies were compared and contrasted. RESULTS While representations of meaning and value in ethics and professionalism curricula overlap with the preoccupations of practicing clinicians, there are significant aspects of 'real-world' clinical practice that are largely ignored. These fell into two broad domains: (1) 'sociological' concerns about enculturation, bureaucracy, intra-professional relationships, and public perceptions of medicine; and (2) epistemic concerns about making good decisions, balancing different kinds of knowledge, and practising within the bounds of professional protocols. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the view that philosophy and sociology should be included in medical school and specialty training curricula. Curricula should be reframed to introduce students to habits of thought that recognize the need for critical reflection on the social processes in which they are embedded, and on the philosophical assumptions that underpin their practice.
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Gordon J, Markham P, Lipworth W, Kerridge I, Little M. The dual nature of medical enculturation in postgraduate medical training and practice. MEDICAL EDUCATION 2012; 46:894-902. [PMID: 22891910 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enculturation is a normal and continuing part of human development. This study examined how medical graduates perceive the process of enculturation after graduation. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study of the values of medical graduates associated with Sydney Medical School to identify processes that contribute to the ongoing process of enculturation. RESULTS Two processes contributing to the process of enculturation were identified. Participants were aware of having passively absorbed the explicit and implicit culture of medicine, and of having actively sought to assimilate (or to avoid assimilating) the medical culture. The processes of enculturation were particularly evident in relation to three major concerns: competence; patient-centredness, and self-care. CONCLUSIONS The participants in this study demonstrated the capacity to reflect on and differentiate between two types of enculturation: absorption and assimilation. They were aware of the impacts of enculturation with respect to three main sets of values that are, respectively, epistemic, interpersonal and personal. Faculty development programmes might benefit from paying explicit attention to the process of enculturation and its influence on learning and practice.
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