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Purev O, Oyun K, Odontuya G, Tankhaeva AM, Nikolaeva GG, Khan KM, Ali Shah ST, Voelter W. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Two New Xanthones from Gentiana azurium Bunge (Fam. Gentianaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2002-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two new natural xanthones, 1,3,5-trihydroxy-8-methoxyxanthone (1) and 3,5-dihydroxy-8- methoxy-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl xanthone (2) were isolated along with two known xanthones from Gentiana azurium Bunge (Fam. Gentianaceae). Their structures were determined on the basis of their spectral data.
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Khan KM, Saifyb ZS, Zeeshan, Khan A, Ahmed M, Saeed M, Abdel-Jalil RJ, Griibler G, Voelter W. Syntheses of Selected Quaternary Phenacylbromopyridinium Compounds and their Biological Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1999-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The studies, presented here, deal with the synthetic modification of 5-bromonicotinic acid on its nitrogen nucleus. The synthetic transformations were carried out by reacting equimolar amounts of 5-bromonicotinic acid and phenacyl halides in acetone. A range of phenacyl halides were used with the objective of getting a variety of quaternary ammonium salts of 5- bromonicotinic acid derivatives as multipurpose biologically active compounds. Twelve quaternary ammonium salts of 5-bromonicotinic acid have been synthesized and tested for cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal activities. These compounds showed promising cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. Two compounds, 3-carboxy-1-(4′-methylphenacyl)-5-bromopyridinium bromide (2) and 3-carboxy-1-(4′-nitrophenacyl)-5-bromopyridinium bromide (12), were highly active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria among all the tested compounds. All the compounds were examined for antifungal activity against fifteen fungal cultures, but none of these compounds proved to be effective against these fungi. The parent compounds and its derivatives were also examined for their effect on mean arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized rats. Compounds 7 and 8 were found to be twofold more active than the parent compound. The rest of the products showed blood pressure lowering effects comparable to the parent compound. All compounds were characterised via elemental analysis UV, IR , mass and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Khan KM, Jamil W, Ambreen N, Taha M, Perveen S, Morales GA. An expeditious synthetic approach towards the synthesis of Bis-Schiff bases (aldazines) using ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:1200-1205. [PMID: 24398059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aldazines (Bis-Schiff bases) 1-24 were synthesized using aromatic aldehydes (heterocyclic and benzaldehydes) and hydrazine hydrate under reflux using conventional heating and/or via ultrasound irradiation using BiCl3 as catalyst. Ultrasonication conditions with cat. BiCl3 proved to be an effective, environmentally friendly synthetic procedure. This methodology is robust in the presence of electron donating and electron withdrawing groups affording desired products with high yields (>95%) in just a couple of minutes vs. hours using conventional heating.
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Khan KM, Ambreen N, Taha M, Halim SA, Zaheer-ul-Haq, Naureen S, Rasheed S, Perveen S, Ali S, Choudhary MI. Structure-based design, synthesis and biological evaluation of β-glucuronidase inhibitors. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2014; 28:577-85. [PMID: 24771145 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-014-9745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using structure-based virtual screening approach, a coumarin derivative (1) was identified as β-glucuronidase inhibitor. A focused library of coumarin derivatives was synthesized by eco-benign version of chemical reaction, and all synthetic compounds were characterized by using spectroscopy. These compounds were found to be inhibitor of β-glucuronidase with IC50 values in a micromolar range. All synthetic compounds exhibited interesting inhibitory activity against β-glucuronidase, however, their potency varied substantially from IC50 = 9.9-352.6 µM. Of twenty-one compounds, four exhibited a better inhibitory profile than the initial hit 1. Interestingly, compounds 1e, 1k, 1n and 1p exhibited more potency than the standard inhibitor with IC50 values 34.2, 21.4, 11.7, and 9.9 µM, respectively. We further studied their dose responses and also checked our results by using detergent Triton ×-100. We found that our results are true and not affected by detergent.
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M. Khan K, Hussain S, Perveen S, Rahim F, Yousuf S, Hussain E. Sodium Bromate/Sodium Hydrogen Sulfite: A New Catalyst for the Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives. LETT ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178611666140304000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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106
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Laghari AH, Memon S, Nelofar A, Khan KM. Determination of Volatile Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Camel Thorn (Alhagi camelorum) Flowers. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.841178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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107
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Kilarkaje N, Mousa AM, Al-Bader MM, Khan KM. Antioxidants enhance the recovery of three cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin–induced testicular dysfunction, pituitary-testicular axis, and fertility in rats. Fertil Steril 2013; 100:1151-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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108
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Rehman W, Badshah A, Baloch MK, Ali S, Hameed G, Khan KM. Synthesis Characterization and Biological Screening of Tri-benzyl Tin(IV) Complexes of Some Schiff Bases. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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109
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Khan KM, Sarafoglou K, Somani A, Frohnert B, Miller BS. Can ultrasound be used to estimate bone mineral density in children with growth problems? Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:e407-12. [PMID: 23750846 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess predictability of bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using by ultrasound speed of sound of the right and left radii (SOS-R and SOS-L) in patients with growth problems. METHODS Ultrasound and DXA were compared in patients with advanced, normal and delayed bone ages assessed by Greulich and Pyle (GP) and Tanner and Whitehouse (TW3) methods. RESULTS There was a strong correlation (r), of raw scores, between SOS-R and SOS-L, r = 0.81, p = 0.000 and their respective Z-scores, r = 0.78, p = 0.000. Z-score correlations were poor between SOS-R or SOS-L and LS-BMD. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of SOS-R and Z-scores for predicting normal (>-1 to <1) and low (<-1) LS-BMD were poor. For high (>1) LS-BMD, Z-scores were 22%, 93%, 29% and 90%, respectively, for SOS-R and for SOS-L, 25%, 89%, 20% and 91%. For very low (<-2) LS-BMD, SOS-R and SOS-L were the same, respectively, 29%, 91%, 40% and 86%. CONCLUSION Ultrasound of the radius is a poor predictor of radiologically assessed BMD at the LS, especially with delayed bone age.
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Perveen S, Mustafa S, Qamar K, Dar A, Khan KM, Choudhary MI, Khan A, Voelter W. Antiproliferative effects of novel urea derivatives against human prostate and lung cancer cells; and their inhibition of β-glucuronidase activity. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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111
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Sharaf RN, Shergill AK, Odze RD, Krinsky ML, Fukami N, Jain R, Appalaneni V, Anderson MA, Ben-Menachem T, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi K, Decker GA, Early D, Evans JA, Fanelli RD, Fisher DA, Fisher LR, Foley KQ, Hwang JH, Jue TL, Ikenberry SO, Khan KM, Lightdale J, Malpas PM, Maple JT, Pasha S, Saltzman J, Dominitz JA, Cash BD. Endoscopic mucosal tissue sampling. Gastrointest Endosc 2013; 78:216-24. [PMID: 23867371 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2013.04.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Desai CS, Khan KM, Megawa FB, Rilo H, Jie T, Gruessner A, Gruessner R. Influence of liver histopathology on transaminitis following total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:1349-54. [PMID: 22688185 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In type 1 diabetics undergoing allogenic islet transplants, transaminitis and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after transhepatic portal infusion of islets may be related to infusion pressure and the purity of islets. Complications of intraoperative portal infusion of islets in patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing a total pancreatectomy (TP) and autologous islet transplant (AIT) and the relationship to liver histopathology have not been examined. AIM The purpose of this study was to examine complications of intraportal infusion of autologous islets after TP. METHODS Data on 26 TP-AIT patients were analyzed. RESULTS Infusion of islets [mean 304,473 ± 314,557 islet equivalents, median volume 300 mL (50-600)] resulted in mean postinfusion PV pressure of 9.15 ± 10.09 cmH2O which correlated with infused islets equivalents (r (2) = 33.6, P = 0.002) and volume (r (2) = 30.4, P = 0.005). Of 23 patients undergoing liver biopsy, 8 (35 %) were normal, 10 (43 %) had steatosis, and 5 (22 %) periportal fibrosis. Peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT; median 1 day after infusion) differed among the three histologic groups (P = 0.025). The difference in ALT was statistically significant between steatosis (showed the greatest increase) and the other two groups, but not between the normal and fibrosis groups. No correlation was found between the portal pressure increase at infusion and other variables. Two patients that developed PVT on day 1 had the highest infusion pressures; a third occurred on day 5. CONCLUSION Preexisting liver pathology is a contributing factor in the rise in liver enzymes but does not correlate with development of PV thrombosis.
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Yousuf S, Khan KM, Naz F, Perveen S, Miana GA. 1-(2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetone. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o552. [PMID: 23634091 PMCID: PMC3629604 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813006569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the molecule of the title compound, C7H9N3O3, the nitro and carbonyl groups are tilted with respect to the imidazole ring by 9.16 (6) and 65.47 (7)°, respectively. Neighbouring chains are linked via C—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming two-dimensional slab-like networks lying parallel to (01-1).
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Khan KM, Rahman A, Attur SM, Srikumar TS. Dysregulation of brain divalent metals ions as a possible cause for lead‐induced deficits in learning and memory. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.535.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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115
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Yousuf S, Shah S, Ambreen N, Khan KM, Ahmad S. 5-Chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-benzothiazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o360. [PMID: 23476550 PMCID: PMC3588450 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C14H10ClNOS, the dihedral angle between the benzothiazole ring system and the methoxy-substituted benzene ring is 8.76 (16)°. In the crystal, molecules are stacked in columns along the c axis and no significant intermolecular interactions are observed.
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Makhmoor T, Naheed S, Shujaat S, Jalil S, Hayat S, Choudhary MI, Khan KM, Alam JM, Nazir S. Hepatoprotection by chemical constituents of the marine brown alga Spatoglossum variabile: a relation to free radical scavenging potential. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:383-90. [PMID: 23406359 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.732582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the course of searching hepatoprotective agents from natural sources, the protective effect of chemical constituents of the marine brown alga Spatoglossum variabile Figaro et DE Notar (Dictyoaceae) against CCl₄-induced liver damage in Wistar rats was investigated. The compounds were first investigated for in vitro radical scavenging potential and were also tested for β-glucuronidase inhibition to further explore the relationship between hepatoprotection and antiradical potential. METHODS The compounds cinnamic acid esters 1 and 2 and aurone derivatives 3 and 4 were first investigated for in vitro radical scavenging potential against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH), and superoxide anion radicals. In vivo hepatoprotective studies were performed in seven groups (n = 6) of Wistar rats. The test groups were pretreated with compounds (10 mg/kg body weight, po) orally for 30 min before the intraperitoneal administration of a dose of 20% CCl₄ diluted with dietary cooking oil. Moreover, compounds were also tested for β-glucuronidase inhibition to explore the relationship between hepatoprotection and radical scavenging potential. RESULTS The test compounds 1-4 were found to exhibit antiradical activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals with IC₅₀ values ranging between 54 and 138 µM, whereas aurone derivatives 3 and 4 additionally exhibited superoxide anion scavenging effects with IC₅₀ values of 95 and 87 µM, respectively. In addition, these compounds were found to be weak inhibitors of xanthine oxidase (IC₅₀ ≥1000 µM). In animal model, pretreatment with compounds 2-4 significantly blocked the CCl₄-induced increase in the levels of the serum biochemical markers. CONCLUSION It appears that the hepatoprotection afforded by these compounds was mainly due to their radical scavenging activity that protected the cells from the free radicals generated by CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Desai CS, Khan KM, Fishbein TM. Reuse of liver allografts from brain-dead liver transplant recipients. Transpl Int 2013; 26:e43-5. [PMID: 23442019 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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118
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Taha M, Ismail NH, Jaafar FM, Khan KM, Yousuf S. (E)-2,4-Dimethyl-N'-(2-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzohydrazide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o400. [PMID: 23476582 PMCID: PMC3588470 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813004388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title benzoylhydrazide derivative, C17H18N2O, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 88.45 (8)° and the azomethine double bond adopts an E conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a chain along the b axis.
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Saad SM, Haider SM, Perveen S, Khan KM, Yousuf S. 2-{[(Dimethyl-amino)-methyl-idene]amino}-5-nitro-benzonitrile. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o75. [PMID: 23476456 PMCID: PMC3588379 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812048866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title mol-ecule, C10H10N4O2, is almost planar and adopts an E configuration of the azomethine [C=N = 1.298 (2) Å] double bond. The benzene ring is attached to an essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0226 Å) amidine moiety (N=CN/Me2), the dihedral angle between the two mean planes being 18.42 (11)°. The cyano group lies in the plane of the benzene ring [the C and N atoms deviating by 0.030 (3) and 0.040 (3) Å, respectively], while the nitro group makes a dihedral angle 5.8 (3)° with the benzene ring. There are two distinct inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N, that stabilize the crystal structure; the former inter-actions result in centrosymmetric dimers about inversion centers resulting in ten-membered rings, while the later give rise to chains of mol-ecules running parallel to the b axis.
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Saad SM, Khan I, Perveen S, Khan KM, Yousuf S. N-(2,5-Dimeth-oxy-phen-yl)-6-nitro-quinazolin-4-amine. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o8. [PMID: 23476461 PMCID: PMC3588306 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812048878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title mol-ecule, C16H14N4O4, the quinazoline ring is substanti-ally planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0129 Å) and forms a dihedral angle of 2.73 (8)° with the benzene ring. The conformation of the mol-ecule is stabilized by an intra-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bond. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into chains running parallel to the b axis by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In addition, π-π stacking is observed between dimethoxy-substituted and nitro-substituted benzene rings, with centroid-centroid distances in the range 3.6438 (10)-3.7148 (10) Å.
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Evans JA, Early DS, Fukami N, Ben-Menachem T, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi KV, Decker GA, Fanelli RD, Fisher DA, Foley KQ, Hwang JH, Jain R, Jue TL, Khan KM, Lightdale J, Malpas PM, Maple JT, Pasha SF, Saltzman JR, Sharaf RN, Shergill A, Dominitz JA, Cash BD. The role of endoscopy in Barrett's esophagus and other premalignant conditions of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 76:1087-94. [PMID: 23164510 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Saad SM, Fatima I, Perveen S, Khan KM, Yousuf S. N'-(3-Chloro-benzyl-idene)-4-hy-droxy-benzohydrazide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o3499. [PMID: 23476306 PMCID: PMC3589070 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812048325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The molecule of the title compound, C14H11ClN2O2 adopts an E conformation of the azomethine double bond and the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 38.96 (13)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O (with the ketone O atom as acceptor) and C—H⋯O (with the hydroxy O atom as acceptor) hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.
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Desai CS, Maegawa FB, Gruessner AC, Gruessner RW, Gruesner RW, Khan KM. Age-based disparity in outcomes of intestinal transplants in pediatric patients. Am J Transplant 2012; 12 Suppl 4:S43-8. [PMID: 22642508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Outcomes of intestinal transplants (ITx; n = 977) for pediatric patients are examined using the United Network for Organ Sharing data from 1987 to 2009. Recipients were divided into four age groups: (1) <2 years of age (n = 569), (2) 2-6 years (n = 219), (3) 6-12 years (n = 121) and (4) 12-18 years (n = 68). Of 977 ITx, 287 (29.4%) were isolated ITx and 690 (70.6%) were liver and ITx (L-ITx). Patient survival for isolated ITx at 1, 3 and 5 years, 85.3%, 71.3% and 65.0%, respectively, was significantly better than L-ITx, 68.4%, 57.0% and 51.4%, respectively, (p = 0.0001); this was true for all age groups, except for patients <2 years of age. The difference in graft survival between isolated ITx and L-ITx was significant at 1 and 3 years (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0012). After attrition analysis of graft survival of patients who survived past first year, 3 and 5 years, graft survival for L-ITx patient was significantly better than those for isolated ITx. Isolated ITx should be considered early before the onset of liver disease in children >2 with intestinal failure but is not advantageous in patients <2 years.
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Rahman A, Khan KM, Al-Khaledi G, Khan I, Attur S. Early postnatal lead exposure induces tau phosphorylation in the brain of young rats. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2012; 63:411-25. [PMID: 23134599 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.63.2012.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common feature of both lead exposure and hyperphosphorylation of tau. We, therefore, investigated whether lead exposure would induce tau hyperphosphorylation. Wistar rat pups were exposed to 0.2% lead acetate via their dams' drinking water from postnatal day 1 to 21. Lead in blood and brain were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the expression of tau, phosphorylated tau and various serine/threonine protein phosphatases (PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PP5) in the brain was analyzed by Western blot. Lead exposure significantly impaired learning and resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of tau but increased the phosphorylation of tau at Ser199/202, Thr212/Ser214 and Thr231. PP2A expression decreased, whereas, PP1 and PP5 expression increased in lead-exposed rats. These results demonstrate that early postnatal exposure to lead decrease PP2A expression and induce tau hyperphosphorylation at several serine and threonine residues. Hyperphosphorylation of tau may be a mechanism of Pb-induced deficits in learning and memory.
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Yousuf S, Mukhtar A, Ambreen N, Saad SM, Khan KM. Ethyl ( E)-3-(6-methyl-4-oxo-4 H-chromen-3-yl)prop-2-enoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o2948. [PMID: 23125733 PMCID: PMC3470320 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812038585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C15H14O4, the chromone ring system is close to being planar [maximum deviation = 0.015 (2) Å]. The double bond of the ethyl prop-2-enoate chain adopts an E conformation and an intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S6 ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R22(14) loops. Weak π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8493 (12) Å] also occur.
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