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Di Cicco M, Humby F, Kelly S, Ng N, Mahto A, Hands R, Rocher V, Zou L, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C. FRI0020 Presence of Synovial Lymphocyte Aggregates Predicts Clinical Response to DMARD Therapy in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis:. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lazarou I, Zou L, Mahto A, Di Cicco M, Ng N, Humby F, Pitzalis C, Kelly S. FRI0243 Ultrasound-Guided Synovial Biopsy Does not Alter Subsequent Ultrasound Assessments. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zou L, Hu N, Zhou J, Su K, Wang Q, Du L, Wu C, Zhao L, Wang P. A Novel Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Marine Toxins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1166/sl.2014.3194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu X, Zou L, Yao W, Song B. Education and imaging. Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm with pelvic metastases and ectopic ACTH production. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:1131. [PMID: 24832782 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zhao Y, Zheng YF, Luo QQ, Yan T, Liu XX, Han L, Zou L. Edaravone inhibits hypoxia-induced trophoblast-soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 expression: a possible therapeutic approach to preeclampsia. Placenta 2014; 35:476-82. [PMID: 24840734 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of edaravone, a potent free radical scavenger used clinically, on hypoxia-induced trophoblast-soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) expression. METHODS A trophoblast cell line (HRT-8/SVneo) impaired by cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used as the cell model under hypoxic conditions. 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to measure the viability of cells exposed to CoCl2 and edaravone. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by flow cytometry. mRNA expression of sFlt-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and placental growth factor (PlGF) in trophoblasts was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the secretion of sFlt-1, VEGF, and PlGF proteins was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube-formation assay was performed to identify the effects of CoCl2 and edaravone on vascular development. RESULTS CoCl2 treatment caused the loss of trophoblast viability, the formation of ROS, and sFlt-1 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with edaravone significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced oxidative stress formation and sFlt-1 expression in trophoblasts. Neither PlGF nor VEGF mRNA or protein expression was increased by CoCl2. In the in vitro tube formation assay, edaravone showed a protective role in vascular development under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that hypoxia leading to increased sFlt-1 release in trophoblasts may contribute to the placental vascular formation abnormalities observed in preeclampsia and suggested that the free radical scavenger edaravone could be a candidate for the effective treatment of preeclampsia.
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Sun L, Ma C, Liu S, Zou L, Jia D. Mitral annular tissue velocity in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2014; 18:3754-3760. [PMID: 25555863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-invasive methods of coronary disease detection are immediately needed. Recent work suggested that mitral annular tissue velocity measurements could be helpful for assessing left ventricular function. We aim to determine the effect of coronary artery lesion on left ventricular function using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and to discuss the role of mitral annular tissue velocity in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Coronary angiographic examinations were conducted for 68 patients with suspected CHD. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), early diastolic mitral flow velocity E, late diastolic mitral flow velocity A, mean systolic (Sa) and mean early diastolic velocity (Ea) of the septal and lateral mitral annulus were measured before the angiographic examination. Patients were grouped according to the number of branches with ≥ 50% stenosis. The control group has 15 individuals. The remaining 53 patients with stenosis in 1, 2 and 3 branches were grouped into 1-Branch, 2-Branch, 3-Branch-Light-Condition and 3-Branch-Heavy-Condition groups, respectively. No significant differences in the other general health parameters of the patients were found. RESULTS There was no significant difference in LVEF and E/A but in Sa, Ea and E/Ea values between CHD and non-CHD patients. The E/Ea value was significantly elevated in CHD patients, aggravated by this pathological condition. The area bounded by the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve of E/Ea is the largest. The sensitivity and specificity of using E/Ea > 8.34 as the diagnostic criterion to pinpoint CHD were 77.4% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS E/Ea is a good indicator of diastolic function and can be useful to diagnose CHD.
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Yu J, Ramadeen A, Tsui AKY, Hu X, Zou L, Wilson DF, Esipova TV, Vinogradov SA, Leong-Poi H, Zamiri N, Mazer CD, Dorian P, Hare GMT. Quantitative assessment of brain microvascular and tissue oxygenation during cardiac arrest and resuscitation in pigs. Anaesthesia 2013; 68:723-35. [PMID: 23590519 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest is associated with a very high rate of mortality, in part due to inadequate tissue perfusion during attempts at resuscitation. Parameters such as mean arterial pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide may not accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during cardiac resuscitation. We hypothesised that quantitative measurements of tissue oxygen tension would more accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during experimental cardiac arrest. Using oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence, we made measurements of oxygen in the microcirculation and in the interstitial space of the brain and muscle in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Measurements were performed at baseline, during untreated ventricular fibrillation, during resuscitation and after return of spontaneous circulation. After achieving stable baseline brain tissue oxygen tension, as measured using an Oxyphor G4-based phosphorescent microsensor, ventricular fibrillation resulted in an immediate reduction in all measured parameters. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, brain oxygen tension remained unchanged. After the return of spontaneous circulation, all measured parameters including brain oxygen tension recovered to baseline levels. Muscle tissue oxygen tension followed a similar trend as the brain, but with slower response times. We conclude that measurements of brain tissue oxygen tension, which more accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during cardiac arrest and resuscitation, may contribute to the development of new strategies to optimise perfusion during cardiac resuscitation and improve patient outcomes after cardiac arrest.
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Clapham SM, Coms FD, Fuller TJ, Zou L. Degradation of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Membrane Water Permeance via Formation of Sulfonic Acid Anhydrides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1149/05002.1011ecst] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zou L, Song X, Yi T, Li S, Deng H, Chen X, Li Z, Bai Y, Zhong Q, Wei Y, Zhao X. Administration of PLGA nanoparticles carrying shRNA against focal adhesion kinase and CD44 results in enhanced antitumor effects against ovarian cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2013; 20:242-50. [PMID: 23492823 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The two membrane-bound proteins, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and CD44, are involved in processes critical to cancer progression. FAK has an active role in angiogenesis, cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, whereas the heavily glycosylated CD44 has been implicated in cancer metastasis. Here, using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against FAK and CD44, we demonstrate that simultaneous knockdown of both these genes inhibits cancer growth more efficiently than knockdown of either gene individually. Plasmids targeting these genes or non-relative control sequences were constructed and delivered to ovarian cancer targets by biodegradable poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolide acid nanoparticles (PLGANPs). Nude mice were utilized in an intraperitoneal model of ovarian carcinomatosis to assess antitumor efficacy in vivo. Single gene knockdown resulted in significantly smaller tumors than those observed in the empty-vector control (P's<0.001). More importantly, knockdown of both genes resulted in tumors smaller than both the empty-vector group (P<0.0001) and the single gene knockdown groups (P's<0.001). Knockdown of both FAK and CD44 resulted in tumors with inhibited angiogenesis, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis as compared with controls (P's<0.001) and single knockdown groups (P's<0.05). These results indicate that dual knockdown of FAK and CD44 in the tumors of patients with ovarian cancer may have an enhanced therapeutic effect, and point toward a mechanism involving the inhibition of angiogenesis, cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis.
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Liu Y, Zhao XY, Zou L, Hu XS. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on overall quality parameters of watermelon juice. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2013; 19:197-207. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013212442194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
High hydrostatic pressure as a kind of non-thermal processing might maintain the quality of thermo-sensitive watermelon juice. So, the effect of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on enzymes and quality of watermelon juice was investigated. After high hydrostatic pressure treatment, the activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and pectin methylesterase of juice decreased significantly with the pressure ( P < 0.05). Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase could be fitted by two-fraction model and that of pectin methylesterase could be described by first-order reaction model. Titratable acidity, pH, and total soluble solid of juice did not change significantly ( P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in lycopene and total phenolics after high hydrostatic pressure treatment when compared to the control ( P > 0.05). Cloudiness and viscosity increased with pressure ( P < 0.05) but did not change significantly with treatment time ( P > 0.05). a*- and b*-value both unchanged after high hydrostatic pressure treatment ( P > 0.05) while L*-value increased but the values had no significant difference among treated juices. Browning degree after high hydrostatic pressure treatment decreased with increase in pressure and treatment time ( P < 0.05). Through the comparison of total color difference values, high hydrostatic pressure had little effect on color of juice. The results of this study demonstrated the efficacy of high hydrostatic pressure in inactivating enzymes and maintaining the quality of watermelon juice.
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Quan X, Yi J, Ye TH, Tian SY, Zou L, Yu XR, Huang YG. Propofol and memory: a study using a process dissociation procedure and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Anaesthesia 2013; 68:391-9. [PMID: 23488834 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zou L, Adegun OK, Willis A, Fortune F. Facial biometrics of peri-oral changes in Crohn's disease. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:869-74. [PMID: 23435800 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory condition which affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract. In the oro-facial region, patients can present peri-oral swellings which results in severe facial disfigurement. To date, assessing the degree of facial changes and evaluation of treatment outcomes relies on clinical observation and semi-quantitative methods. In this paper, we describe the development of a robust and reproducible measurement strategy using 3-D facial biometrics to objectively quantify the extent and progression of oro-facial Crohn's disease. Using facial laser scanning, 32 serial images from 13 Crohn's patients attending the Oral Medicine clinic were acquired during relapse, remission, and post-treatment phases. Utilising theories of coordinate metrology, the facial images were subjected to registration, regions of interest identification, and reproducible repositioning prior to obtaining volume measurements. To quantify the changes in tissue volume, scan images from consecutive appointments were compared to the baseline (first scan image). Reproducibility test was performed to ascertain the degree of uncertainty in volume measurements. 3-D facial biometric imaging is a reliable method to identify and quantify peri-oral swelling in Crohn's patients. Comparison of facial scan images at different phases of the disease revealed precisely profile and volume changes. The volume measurements were highly reproducible as adjudged from the 1% standard deviation. 3-D facial biometrics measurements in Crohn's patients with oro-facial involvement offers a quick, robust, economical and objective approach for guided therapeutic intervention and routine assessment of treatment efficacy on the clinic.
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Zhong R, Liu L, Zou L, Sheng W, Zhu B, Xiang H, Chen W, Chen J, Rui R, Zheng X, Yin J, Duan S, Yang B, Sun J, Lou J, Liu L, Xie D, Xu Y, Nie S, Miao X. Genetic variations in the TGF signaling pathway, smoking and risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:936-42. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Willers H, Birkelbach M, Ferraiolo N, Gheorghiu L, Pfaeffle H, Daly B, Dahm-Daphi J, Benes C, Zou L, Kachnic L. Recombinational DNA Repair Defects in Lung Cancer and PARP Inhibitor Sensitivity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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115
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Lu J, Zou L, Xiong C, Wang Z, Ma H, Yang W, Cui T, Zhang L, Huang S, Sun Q, Gao J, Meng Q. Development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of CFP-10 for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. Clin Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen ZW, Lu RJ, Zou L, Du ZZ, Gao RH, He T, Huang JH. Genetic diversity analysis of barley landraces and cultivars in the Shanghai region of China. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:644-50. [PMID: 22535400 DOI: 10.4238/2012.march.16.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the genetic diversity of 115 barley germplasms, including 112 landraces and three new barley cultivars grown in the Shanghai region, using a set of 11 SSR markers. Sixty-six alleles were observed at the 11 SSR loci, ranged from three to ten, with a mean of six alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.568 to 0.853, with a mean of 0.732, indicating considerable genetic variation in barley in the Shanghai area. Clustering analysis indicated that these barley accessions could be divided into two categories (A and B). Ninety-seven six-rowed barley cultivars were classified in the A category; sixteen two-rowed and two six-rowed barley cultivars were classified in the B category. This demonstrated genetic differences between two-rowed and six-rowed barley varieties. In addition, we found that the three new barley cultivars are closely related.
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Ng DPK, Salim A, Liu Y, Zou L, Xu FG, Huang S, Leong H, Ong CN. A metabolomic study of low estimated GFR in non-proteinuric type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 2012; 55:499-508. [PMID: 22038517 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We carried out a urinary metabolomic study to gain insight into low estimated GFR (eGFR) in patients with non-proteinuric type 2 diabetes. METHODS Patients were identified as being non-proteinuric using multiple urinalyses. Cases (n = 44) with low eGFR and controls (n = 46) had eGFR values <60 and ≥60 ml min(-1) 1.73 m(-2), respectively, as calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. Urine samples were analysed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and GC/MS. False discovery rates were used to adjust for multiple hypotheses testing, and selection of metabolites that best predicted low eGFR status was achieved using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression. RESULTS Eleven GC/MS metabolites were strongly associated with low eGFR after correction for multiple hypotheses testing (smallest adjusted p value = 2.62 × 10(-14), largest adjusted p value = 3.84 × 10(-2)). In regression analysis, octanol, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, benzamide, creatinine, 3,5-dimethoxymandelic amide and N-acetylglutamine were selected as the best subset for prediction and allowed excellent classification of low eGFR (AUC = 0.996). In LC/MS, 19 metabolites remained significant after multiple hypotheses testing had been taken into account (smallest adjusted p value = 2.04 × 10(-4), largest adjusted p value = 4.48 × 10(-2)), and several metabolites showed stronger evidence of association relative to the uraemic toxin, indoxyl sulphate (adjusted p value = 3.03 × 10(-2)). The potential effect of confounding on the association between metabolites was excluded. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study has yielded substantial new insight into low eGFR and provided a collection of potential urinary biomarkers for its detection.
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Azari S, Zou L, Mukai Y, Takiguchi K. Protein Fouling of Cellulose Acetate Microfiltration Membranes Modified by the Deposition of Amino Acid L-DOPA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cheng L, Zou L, Bhandari R, Ali N, Collier J, Lee B. Management decision based on quantitative facial laser scanning of patients with facial dysmorphophobia and hypertrophic muscles of mastication. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2011.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Xie H, Zou L, Zhu J, Yang Y. Effects of netrin-1 and netrin-1 knockdown on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and angiogenesis of rat placenta. Placenta 2011; 32:546-53. [PMID: 21570114 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process essential for the development of placenta. Netrin-1 was first discovered in nervous system and was later found to play roles in angiogenesis. In order to better understand the functional relevance of netrin-1 in placental angiogenesis, we investigated the effect of netrin-1 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat placenta by employing up-regulation and down-regulation strategies. HUVECs and rat placenta were treated with recombinant netrin-1, and netrin-1 expression in the cells and placenta was reduced by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition efficiency was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The expression of netrin-1 was immunohistochemically located. The results demonstrated that netrin-1 promoted viability, proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs. A strong reduction in cell capability was observed in vitro after netrin-1 expression was inhibited with shRNA. Netrin-1 accelerated neovascularization of placenta in pregnant rats. Suppression of netrin-1 expression in placenta resulted in reduced vascular sprouting in vivo. These findings suggest that netrin-1 is essential for the proper functioning of HUVECs and angiogenesis of rat placenta, and it is involved in the development of placenta and fetus. The proangiogenic effect of netrin-1 might offer an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of vascular disease of placenta.
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Li L, Bahtiyar MO, Buhimschi CS, Zou L, Zhou QC, Copel JA. Assessment of the fetal thymus by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound during normal human gestation and in fetuses with congenital heart defects. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2011; 37:404-409. [PMID: 20886509 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to compare the size and volume of the developing fetal thymus obtained by two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US), develop normative data for thymus volume (TV), and investigate TV in fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) and normal twin gestations. METHODS We studied 321 fetuses (gestational age (GA): 17-39 weeks) including 238 normal singletons, 64 normal twins and 19 singleton fetuses with CHD. We used 2D-US to assess fetal thymus maximum transverse diameter (MTD), maximum transverse area (MTA), anteroposterior diameter (APD) and superoinferior diameter (SID). TV was obtained by 3D-US using virtual organ computer-aided analysis. Measurements were adjusted for estimated fetal weight where appropriate. Linear regression analysis, general linear models and Fisher's Z-transformation were used where appropriate. A nomogram of fetal TV based on singleton gestations was produced according to previously published methods. RESULTS Ultrasound assessment of the fetal thymus was possible in 95.3% (306/321) of cases. Both 3D-US and 2D-US measurements were significantly correlated with GA (TV r = 0.989; MTA r = 0.918; MTD r = 0.884; APD r = 0.849; and SID r = 0.816; all P < 0.05). After Fisher's Z-transformation, the correlation between the TV and GA was significantly stronger than that between any individual 2D-US measurement and GA (P < 0.05). Normal twin fetuses had TVs similar to those of singletons adjusted for estimated fetal weight and GA (P = 0.85). TV adjusted for estimated fetal weight and GA was significantly lower in fetuses with CHD than in normal singletons (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION 2D-US and 3D-US are useful tools for evaluation of the size and volume of the human fetal thymus through gestation. Fetal TV by 3D-US seems to reflect normal development of the thymus in utero better than do 2D-US measurements. Lower TV should be expected in association with CHDs.
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Zou L, Vidalis I, Steele D, Michelmore A, Low S, Verberk J. Surface hydrophilic modification of RO membranes by plasma polymerization for low organic fouling. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Deng W, Zou L, Cui L, Huang C, Chen Z, Li M, Jiang L, He Z, Lui S, Gong Q, Li T. Study of brain asymmetries in sporadic and familial first episode patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAlthough the deviations of brain volume deficits in sporadic and familial first-episode schizophrenia patients (FEP) had been presented, the difference of brain asymmetries remained unidentified.ObjectivesTo assess the potential differences of volumetric asymmetries of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) between groups.AimsTo find out the different injury alteration of sporadic FEP and familial FEP.Methods42 sporadic and 30 familiar drug-naïve FEP with and 72 matched normal controls (NC) were recruited. Participants were assessed with neuropsychological tests and scanned by a 3.0T MRI to obtain T1-weighted and DTI images. Lateralization distribution maps of GM and WM volume were generated by employing optimized voxel-based morphometry. The asymmetries were analyzed by comparing calculating Laterality Index (LI) voxel by voxel.ResultsAll three groups showed similar overall brain torque. Familiar FEP have more regional extensive GM asymmetry brain lesions compared to sporadic FEP. There was no shared regional lesion between two groups. LIGM and LIWM in right superior temporal were negatively correlated. Significant negative correlations were also found between LIGM of left superior parietal lobule and LIWM of right superior parietal lobule, and between LIGM of right inferior parietal lobule and LIWM of left inferior parietal lobule. The asymmetry in distinct brain regions were related to cognitive deficits especially in the domains of language and memory.ConclusionsThe two patient groups had different alteration in injuries of brain asymmetry. Familiar FEP has more GM extensive asymmetry brain region, which may correlate with their high genetic burdens.
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Walsh WR, Zou L, Lefkoe TP, Kelly JC, Howlett CR. Bone Cell Response to Ion Implanted Silicon Wafers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-252-213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTResults of preliminary investigations on the electrokinetic characterization and osteoblast morphology of ion implanted silicon wafers are presented. The goal of this study is to modify the surface of a material via ion implantation to control cellular interactions at the prosthesis-body interface.
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Zou L, Walsh W, Keeping H, Howlett CR, Steele J, Mcfarland C, Russell M, Ehrlich M. Osteoblast - Orthopaedic Biomaterial Response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-331-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of bone cell response and extracellular matrix production to a biomaterial is crucial for development of new prosthetic devices. The nature of the cellular-biomaterial surface interface will depend upon a number of factors including substrate properties (surface chemistry, charge, topography) as well as biological cellular concerns (i.e. adsorption of attachment factors to the surface, growth factors). The quality of the matrix and bone-bonding may be influenced by these factors. Recently, a short-term in-vitro cell culture assay has demonstrated the initial attachment and spread of human derived bone cells on metallic (titanium and stainless steel) and polymeric surfaces to be dependent on the adsorption of adhesive attachment factor proteins (fibronectin and vitronectin) to the substratum surface [1]. The morphological appearance of human osteoblasts cultured on titanium and stainless steel with time also demonstrated differences compared to tissue culture plastic [2]. Little data however, is available for the mitogenic and gene expression levels of primary human bone cells cultured on commonly used orthopaedic materials and the response of these cells to growth factors. The present study examined the mitogenic response and steady state mRNA expression levels of primary human bone cells cultured on metallic substrates to provide further insight into the nature of cell-substrate interactions.
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