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Román R, Sala M, Salas D, Ascunce N, Zubizarreta R, Castells X. Effect of protocol-related variables and women's characteristics on the cumulative false-positive risk in breast cancer screening. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:104-111. [PMID: 21430183 PMCID: PMC3276323 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing the false-positive risk in breast cancer screening is important. We examined how the screening-protocol and women's characteristics affect the cumulative false-positive risk. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of 1,565,364 women aged 45-69 years who underwent 4,739,498 screening mammograms from 1990 to 2006. Multilevel discrete hazard models were used to estimate the cumulative false-positive risk over 10 sequential mammograms under different risk scenarios. RESULTS The factors affecting the false-positive risk for any procedure and for invasive procedures were double mammogram reading [odds ratio (OR)=2.06 and 4.44, respectively], two mammographic views (OR=0.77 and 1.56, respectively), digital mammography (OR=0.83 for invasive procedures), premenopausal status (OR=1.31 and 1.22, respectively), use of hormone replacement therapy (OR=1.03 and 0.84, respectively), previous invasive procedures (OR=1.52 and 2.00, respectively), and a familial history of breast cancer (OR=1.18 and 1.21, respectively). The cumulative false-positive risk for women who started screening at age 50-51 was 20.39% [95% confidence interval (CI) 20.02-20.76], ranging from 51.43% to 7.47% in the highest and lowest risk profiles, respectively. The cumulative risk for invasive procedures was 1.76% (95% CI 1.66-1.87), ranging from 12.02% to 1.58%. CONCLUSIONS The cumulative false-positive risk varied widely depending on the factors studied. These findings are relevant to provide women with accurate information and to improve the effectiveness of screening programs.
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Delgado-Aros S, Solano Silveira R, Sala M, Roura Olivan M, Civit P, Ilzarbe Sánchez L, Muñoz Galitó J, Ibáñez Zafón IA, Bory Ros F, Andreu García M. Characteristics of primary care processes for the treatment of faecal incontinence in an urban area. Colorectal Dis 2011; 13:1417-21. [PMID: 20958915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2010.02462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we investigated the adequacy of the healthcare response systems to detect and treat faecal incontinence in patients in the primary care areas (PCAs) in a core urban area of Barcelona. METHOD Patients with a diagnosis of faecal incontinence in the study area were identified from the electronic register of diagnostic codes, and from a manual review of electronic medical records of a random sample of the study population. The remaining variables were obtained through a structured telephone interview. RESULTS In the study population (n = 65,023) with a previously estimated prevalence of faecal incontinence of 13% [95% confidence interval (CI) 10-17%], 68 cases of faecal incontinence were detected by the health care system (prevalence: 0.10%; 95% CI, 0.08-0.13). Of these, 39 patients (68% women, 68 ± 18 years of age) were interviewed: 18 (46%) reported symptoms lasting for longer than 5-10 years and 20 (51%) had waited for more than 5 years before seeking medical advice. Only 8 (18%) had received any treatment for faecal incontinence, and 18 (46%) reported persistent faecal incontinence at the time of the interview (Vaizey severity score 13 ± 4/24). CONCLUSION The detection and treatment of faecal incontinence is insufficient in primary care services. Strategies to correct this are needed.
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Oramas J, Cobo M, Paredes A, Arriola E, Sala M, Artal A, Girones R, Martinez M, Figueroa S, Domine M. 9075 POSTER ARIADNA Study – Evaluation of Symptoms on Daily Life and Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Patients With Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Parés D, Vial M, Bohle B, Maestre Y, Pera M, Roura M, Comas M, Sala M, Grande L. Prevalence of faecal incontinence and analysis of its impact on quality of life and mental health. Colorectal Dis 2011; 13:899-905. [PMID: 20394640 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2010.02281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Faecal incontinence is a significant healthcare problem, with an estimated prevalence of up to 5% of the general population. Little is known about its prevalence among patients attending primary care. METHOD A cross-sectional multicentre study was undertaken. Adult patients attending 10 primary health centres were interviewed. Faecal incontinence was defined as involuntary leakage of flatus, liquid or solid stool at least once in the preceding 4 weeks. Health-related and disease-specific quality of life was assessed using the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey and the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale, respectively. Mental health status was assessed using the 28-item General Health Questionnaire. An adjusted multivariate analysis was performed to study the association of faecal incontinence with the presence of altered mental health status. RESULTS A total of 518 subjects (mean age 60.3 years) were studied. The prevalence of faecal incontinence was 10.8%. Altered mental health status was found in 51.8% of patients with faecal incontinence and in 30.5% of those without (P = 0.001). Faecal incontinence was a significant independent factor for altered mental health status (odds ratio, 2.088; 95% CI 1.138-3.829; P = 0.017). CONCLUSION The prevalence of faecal incontinence in primary care is high, with a significant impact on quality of life and mental health status.
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Sala M, Domingo L, Blanch J, Bare M, Ferrer J, Fernandez AB, Salas D, Ibanez J, Sarriugarte G, Reyes JM, Rue M, Castells X. P1-132 Description of a nationwide and multidisciplinary project for the evaluation of interval breast cancer rates, determinants and characteristics, in Spain. INCA study. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976d.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Romero A, Domingo L, Belvis F, Sanchez M, Ferrer J, Salas D, Ibanez J, Vega A, Ferrer F, Laso M, Macia F, Castells X, Sala M. P1-309 Differences in radiological patterns, tumour characteristics and diagnostic precision between digital mammography and screen-film mammography in four breast cancer screening programs in Spain. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976f.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Blanch J, Romero A, Sala M, Roman R, Salas D, Zubizarreta R, Ederra M, Bare M, Galceran J, Gonzalez-Roman I, Natal C, de la Vega M, Baroja A, Macia F, Castells X. P1-307 Higher cancer detection risk in women with a false positive result in breast cancer screening in Spain. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976e.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Roman R, Sala M, Zubuzarreta R, Delfrade I, Salas D, la vega MD, Baroja A, Natal C, Macia F, Bare M, Galceran J, Gonzalez-Roman I, Castells X. P1-308 Effect of false-positives and women's characteristics on the long-term attitude towards breast cancer screening. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976e.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sala M, Caverzasi E, Lazzaretti M, Morandotti N, De Vidovich G, Marraffini E, Gambini F, Isola M, De Bona M, Rambaldelli G, d'Allio G, Barale F, Zappoli F, Brambilla P. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus sustain impulsivity and aggressiveness in borderline personality disorder. J Affect Disord 2011; 131:417-21. [PMID: 21211852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients are characterized by increased levels of aggressivity and reduction of impulse control, which are behavioural dimensions mainly sustained by hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). In this study we aimed at investigating whether hippocampus and DLPFC anatomy may sustain impulsive and aggressive behaviours in BPD. METHODS Fifteen DSM-IV BPD patients (11 females, 4 males) and fifteen 1:1 matched healthy controls (11 females, 4 males) were studied with a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and underwent a psychopathological assessment in order to measure the severity of aggressive and impulsive traits. RESULTS Right hippocampal volumes were significantly reduced in BPD patients compared to healthy subjects (p=0.027), particularly in those with a history of childhood abuse (p=0.01). Moreover, in patients but not in controls, right hippocampal volumes significantly inversely correlated with aggressiveness and DLPFC grey matter volumes significantly inversely associated with impulsiveness (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that hippocampus and DLPFC play a separate and unique role in sustaining the control of impulse and aggressive behaviours in BPD patients.
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Tremblay C, Hamilton B, Sala M, Paoloni J, Chalabi H. Prevalence of haemoglobinopathy in sportsmen in qatar. Br J Sports Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gomez-Monterrey I, Bertamino A, Porta A, Carotenuto A, Musella S, Aquino C, Granata I, Sala M, Brancaccio D, Picone D, Ercole C, Stiuso P, Campiglia P, Grieco P, Ianelli P, Maresca B, Novellino E. Identification of the spiro(oxindole-3,3'-thiazolidine)-based derivatives as potential p53 activity modulators. J Med Chem 2010; 53:8319-29. [PMID: 21058726 DOI: 10.1021/jm100838z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the design of new analogues of spirooxoindolepyrrolidine nucleus as modulators of p53 activity. Compounds (3R,7aR)-6-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-spiro[imidazo[1,5-c]thiazole-3,3'-indoline]-2',5,7(6H,7aH)-trione (9c) and (3R,7aR)-5'-methyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-1H-spiro[imidazo[1,5-c]thiazole-3,3'-indoline]-2',5,7(6H,7aH)-trione (10d) are the most potent compounds of this series, inhibiting cell growth of different human tumor cells at submicromolar and micromolar concentrations, respectively. Compound 9c induces apoptotic cell death in human melanoma cell line M14 at 24 h, while in the same condition, treatment with 10d showes a clear arrest at G2/M phase inducing delay of cell cycle progression. Possibly, these activities may be due to inhibition of p53-MDM2 interaction and subsequent p53 release and activation.
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Gomez-Monterrey I, Campiglia P, Bertamino A, Aquino C, Sala M, Grieco P, Dicitore A, Vanacore D, Porta A, Maresca B, Novellino E, Stiuso P. A novel quinone-based derivative (DTNQ-Pro) induces apoptotic death via modulation of heat shock protein expression in Caco-2 cells. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:931-40. [PMID: 20590589 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00718.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The resistance of human colon adenocarcinoma cells to antineoplastic agents may be related to the high endogenous expression of stress proteins, including the family of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Recently, a quinone-based pentacyclic derivative, DTNQ-Pro, showed high cytotoxic activity in human colon carcinoma cell lines. The aim of the present study was to determine the precise cellular mechanisms of this cytotoxic action of DTNQ-Pro. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using human colorectal carcinoma-derived Caco-2 cells as a model, we studied the effects of DTNQ-Pro on cellular viability and oxidative stress; HSP70 and HSP27 accumulation; and cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis. KEY RESULTS Incubation of Caco-2 cells with DTNQ-Pro reduced cell growth and increased the levels of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. After 48 h of treatment, cells surviving showed an increased expression of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide production and membrane lipid peroxidation. Treatment with DTNQ-Pro decreased HSP70 expression, and redistributed HSP27 and vimentin within the cell. DTNQ-Pro down-regulated the expression of A and B cyclins with arrest of the cell cycle in S phase and increased cellular differentiation. A second treatment of Caco-2 cells with DTNQ-Pro induced cellular death by activation of the apoptotic pathway. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS DTNQ-Pro causes Caco-2 cell death by induction of apoptosis via inhibition of HSP70 accumulation and the intracellular redistribution of HSP27. These findings suggest the potential use of DTNQ-Pro in combination chemotherapy for colon cancer.
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Giovannini M, Sala M, Riva E, Radaelli G. Hospital admissions for respiratory conditions in children and outdoor air pollution in Southwest Milan, Italy. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:1180-5. [PMID: 20219045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01786.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate whether a relationship exists in hospital admissions for respiratory conditions in children with outdoor pollution in the Southwest Milan, Italy. METHODS Daily count of hospital admissions for asthma, upper or lower respiratory diseases (LRD) occurred among children aged < or =14 years at the San Paolo Hospital during 2007-2008 was recorded. Pollutants included the particular matter of <10 microm diameter, ozone, carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), reported on the same day of admission and 1 up to 5 days before admission. The moving weekly average (MWA) was also considered. RESULTS Total respiratory admissions were associated with the same day level of CO (30.6% increase per 1 mg/m(3) increase, 95% confidence interval, 3.9-69.9%) and with the MWA of NO(2) (9.0% increase per 10 microg/m(3) increase, 1.2-16.8%). The effect of CO was stronger on upper respiratory diseases (URD) (lag 0, 21.3% increase, 6.4-38.3%). The effect of NO(2) was stronger on LRD (MWA, 5.3% increase, 0.9-10.2%). Multipollutant models confirmed the role of CO on URD and that of NO(2) on LRD. CONCLUSION Carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide may be associated with emergency hospital admissions for respiratory conditions among children in Southwest Milan.
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Bertamino A, Aquino C, Sala M, Simone ND, Mattia CA, Erra L, Musella S, Iannelli P, Carotenuto A, Grieco P. Design and synthesis of spirotryprostatin-inspired diketopiperazine systems from prolyl spirooxoindolethiazolidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:4328-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Soler M, Sala M. Variabilidad longitudinal de la escorrentía y la erosión en una ladera quemada. PIRINEOS 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/pirineos.1995.v145-146.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Francescutti C, Frattura L, Troiano R, Gongolo F, Martinuzzi A, Sala M, Meucci P, Raggi A, Russo E, Buffoni M, Gorini G, Conclave M, Petrangeli A, Solipaca A, Leonardi M. Towards a common disability assessment framework: theoretical and methodological issues for providing public services and benefits using ICF. Disabil Rehabil 2010; 31 Suppl 1:S8-15. [PMID: 19968541 DOI: 10.3109/09638280903317815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report on the preliminary results of an Italian project on the implementation of an ICF-based protocol for providing public services and benefits for persons with disabilities. METHODS The UN Convention on the Rights of persons with disabilities (UNC) was mapped to the ICF, and core elements were implemented in an ICF-based evaluation protocol. A person-environment interaction classification (PEIC) tree was also developed for defining evaluation outputs. RESULTS The PEIC and the ICF-based protocol are the guideline and the data interpretation source, respectively, for providing public services and benefits. They enable to assign persons to different services, from surveillance and monitoring to facilitator provision or sustain over time, to barrier removal or to the reorganisation of environmental factors provision. A detailed description of the target intervention is made available through the implementation of a protocol, which points out the effect of personal support and other environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS The detailed description of functioning and disability provided by our methodology can help policy makers and administrators in decision making, on the basis of a description of real needs, and in targeting person-tailored interventions.
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Campiglia P, Aquino C, Bertamino A, De Simone N, Sala M, Castellano S, Santoriello M, Grieco P, Novellino E, Gomez-Monterrey IM. Unprecedented synthesis of a novel amino quinone ring system via oxidative decarboxylation of quinone-based α,α-amino esters. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:622-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b918898c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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118
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Campiglia P, Scrima M, Grimaldi M, Cioffi G, Bertamino A, Sala M, Aquino C, Gomez-Monterrey I, Grieco P, Novellino E, D'Ursi AM. A new series of 1,3-dihidro-imidazo[1,5-c]thiazole-5,7-dione derivatives: synthesis and interaction with Abeta(25-35) amyloid peptide. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 74:224-33. [PMID: 19703024 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00853.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of senile plaques composed of fibrillar aggregates of Abeta-amyloid peptide is a characteristic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. A widely employed approach in the study of anti-Alzheimer agents involves the identification of substances able to prevent amyloid aggregation, or to disaggregate the amyloid fibrils through a direct structural interaction with the soluble or aggregated forms of the peptide. Here, we report the synthesis of a set of 1,3-dihydro-3,6-disubstituted-imidazo[1,5-c]thiazole-5,7-dione derivatives supporting different alkyl, aryl and alkylamine side chains. The ability of these compounds to interact with the Abeta(25-35) peptide was evaluated using circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance and thioflavin fluorescence spectroscopy. A molecular model for Abeta(25-35)-ligand interactions was calculated by molecular docking procedures. Our data show that the ability of the synthesized compounds to modify the structural behaviour of Abeta(25-35) varies as a function of the overall structural features of the ligands rather contributions from specific individual substituents.
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Francescutti C, Fusaro G, Leonardi M, Martinuzzi A, Sala M, Russo E, Frare M, Pradal M, Zampogna D, Cosentino A, Raggi A. Italian ICF training programs: Describing and promoting human functioning and research. Disabil Rehabil 2009; 31 Suppl 1:S46-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09638280903317757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Conclave M, Fusaro G, Sala M, Martinuzzi A, Russo E, Frare M, Gorini G, Leonardi M, Raggi A. The ICF and Labour Policies Project: The first Italian nation-wide experience of ICF implementation in the labour sector. Disabil Rehabil 2009; 31 Suppl 1:S16-21. [DOI: 10.3109/09638280903317823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sala M. [Milan and the environment]. Minerva Pediatr 2009; 61:685-688. [PMID: 19935525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Molins E, Comas M, Román R, Rodríguez-Blanco T, Sala M, Macià F, Murta-Nascimento C, Castells X. Effect of participation on the cumulative risk of false-positive recall in a breast cancer screening programme. Public Health 2009; 123:635-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Montero M, Horcajada JP, Sorlí L, Alvarez-Lerma F, Grau S, Riu M, Sala M, Knobel H. Effectiveness and safety of colistin for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Infection 2009; 37:461-5. [PMID: 19499183 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-009-8342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the clinical and microbiological outcomes of patients infected with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP) treated with colistin (colistimethate sodium) and the adverse events observed with this treatment. METHODS Retrospective study of MDRP infections treated with colistin from 1997 to 2006. RESULTS 121 episodes were identified. The median daily intravenous dose was 240 mg/day; 28.9% of patients received intravenous and nebulized colistin. Clinical outcome was favorable in ten cases of bacteremia (62.5%, n = 16), 43 cases of bronchial infection (72.9%, n = 59), 13 cases of pneumonia (65%, n = 20), 11 cases of urinary infection (84.6%, n = 13), eight cases of skin and soft tissues (72.7%, n = 11), and in the one case of arthritis and one case of otitis. Eradication was achieved in 31 (34.8%) of the 89 patients with available bacteriologic data. Factors associated with bacteriological failure were smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and previous infection with P. aeruginosa. Nephrotoxicity occurred in ten cases (8.3%), with the associated factors being previous chronic renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, and aminoglycoside use. Crude mortality was 16.5%, and related MDRP was 12.4%, and was higher in patients with pneumonia or bacteremia (36.1%) than in other types of infections (8.2%). CONCLUSIONS Colistin is a safe option for the treatment of MDRP infections, with acceptable clinical outcomes. However, bacteriological eradication is difficult to achieve, especially in COPD patients.
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Grieco P, Carotenuto A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Auriemma L, Sala M, Marcozzi C, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Brancaccio D, Rovero P, Santicioli P, Meini S, Maggi CA, Novellino E. New Insight into the Binding Mode of Peptide Ligands at Urotensin-II Receptor: Structure−Activity Relationships Study on P5U and Urantide. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3927-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sala M, Caverzasi E, Marraffini E, De Vidovich G, Lazzaretti M, d'Allio G, Isola M, Balestrieri M, D'Angelo E, Thyrion FZ, Scagnelli P, Barale F, Brambilla P. Cognitive memory control in borderline personality disorder patients. Psychol Med 2009; 39:845-853. [PMID: 18713485 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291708004145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that the mechanism of cognitive memory control in humans is sustained by the hippocampus and prefrontal cortices, which have been found to be structurally and functionally abnormal in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We investigated whether the memory control mechanism is affected in BPD. METHOD Nineteen Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV BPD patients and 19 matched healthy controls (HC) performed a specific think/no-think paradigm exploring the capacity of remembering and suppressing pair of words previously learned. After the think-no think phase, the second member of each word pair has to be remembered either when subjects are presented with the cue word showed at the beginning of the test (Same Probe Test; SPT) or when they are presented with an extra-list categorical word (Independent Probe Test; IPT). We evaluated the effect of suppression and of retrieval activity on later retention of words. RESULTS Both on the SPT and on the IPT, HC showed the expected improvement of memory retrieval on to-be-remembered words, unlike BPD patients. On the SPT, HC, but not BPD patients, correctly recalled significantly more words among remembered words (RW) than among suppressed words (SW). Similarly to HC, subjects with BPD without a history of childhood abuse showed a significantly higher percentage of correctly recalled words among RW than among SW. CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of active retrieval of memories and of improvement through repetition is impaired in BPD, particularly in those who experienced traumatic experiences. This impairment might play an important role, possibly resulting in the emergence of unwanted memories and dissociative symptoms.
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