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Li R, Chen L, Zhang Y, Mei L, Zhou L, Zhu X, Yu M, Yin L, Gong Y, Xue J, Lu Y. Safety and Tolerability Evaluation of Sintilimab in Combination with Low Dose Radiation and SBRT in Treatment Naive Stage IV PD-L1 Positive NSCLC Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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102
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Lee S, Yu M, Jeong S, Lee S, Lee J. The Pattern of Serum Conversion between Pre-treatment and Post-treatment Levels of Squamous-cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCC-Ag) as a Predictor of Recurrence and Survival in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer after Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cui R, Yang L, Wang Y, Zhong M, Yu M, Chen B. Elevated Expression of ASXL2 is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer by Enhancing Tumorigenesis and Inducing Cell Proliferation. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10221-10228. [PMID: 33116876 PMCID: PMC7585280 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s266083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. ASXL2 is an enhancer of the trithorax and polycomb genes, which have been proven to act in many tumor types. The role of ASXL2 in the occurrence and development of tumors has been extensively studied in recent years. However, the relationship between ASXL2 and the prognosis of CRC is still unclear. Materials and Methods In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to examine the expression of ASXL2 in CRC tissues. Cells were transfected with siRNAs or lentivirus to regulate the expression of ASXL2. The effects of ASXL2 on the proliferation of CRC cells were determined by CCK8 assay. Results This study demonstrated that ASXL2 was significantly more highly expressed in CRC specimens than in normal adjacent tissues. The upregulation of ASXL2 was related to advanced clinical stage. Patients who exhibited high expression levels of ASXL2 had poorer overall survival, whereas those with low expression of ASXL2 survived longer. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that ASXL2 expression could be considered an independent prognostic factor for CRC. Inhibition or overexpression of ASXL2 markedly influenced the proliferation of CRC cells. Conclusion These results showed that ASXL2 could induce cell proliferation, which was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients, suggesting that ASXL2 might be a new therapeutic target for CRC.
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Liang J, Zhao YX, Shi DM, Li YP, Yu Y, Xu XH, Peng PA, Yu M, Wu YF, Sun TN, Zhou YJ. [Initial implantation experience and short-term follow-up results of implanting leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2020; 48:866-870. [PMID: 33076625 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200305-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the utility and safety of leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system. Methods: The study was a prospective observational study. Patients underwent Micra transcatheter pacing system in Beijing Anzhen hospital from December 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled. The baseline characteristics, platelet count, hemoglobin, anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy, mean procedural time, average fluoroscopy time, number of deployment and electrical parameters (threshold, R-wave amplitude, impedance) were recorded. Ultrasonography of bilateral femoral and iliac veins was performed in all patients. Patients were followed including access site complication, adverse event and device evaluation at implant, hospital discharge, 1 and 3 months post-implant. R-wave≥5 mV, impedance between 400 and 1 500 Ω and threshold increase≤1.5 V than implant is considered a stable parameter. Femoral access site complications included hematoma, hemorrhage, pseudoaneurysm, and arteriovenous fistula. Adverse events included dislodgement, cardiac effusion/perforation and infection. Left ventricular end diastolic diameter and ejection fraction before and at 1 month after implant were reported. Results: Five patients were enrolled and pacemaker implantation was successful in all 5 patients. Patients were all males and the average age was (78.4±8.4) years. 2 patients received aspirin and clopidogrel therapy, 1 patient suffered from anemia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 1 patient. No stenosis, occlusion and vascular malformation of bilateral femoral and iliac veins was observed. The mean implant time was (39.6±1.7) minutes. The average fluoroscopy time was (9.2±1.3) minutes and the number of deployment was (1.40±0.55). Electrical parameters(threshold, R-Wave amplitude and impedance) were as follows: (0.40±0.10) V/0.24 ms, (10.80±3.72) mV and (822.00±162.23) Ω at implant; (0.45±0.07) V/0.24 ms, (13.04±2.41) mV, and (748.0±91.5) Ω at discharge, (0.40±0.06) V/0.24 ms, (14.26±4.11) mV, and (700.0±91.7) Ω at 1 month post-implant and (0.39±0.05) V/0.24 ms, 14.40±3.97 mV, and (682.0±96.0) Ω at 3 months post-implant, respectively. Threshold increase was ≤1.5 V compared to that during implantation, electrical parameters were acceptable and stable. There was no difference in LVEDD [(44.00±5.24) mm vs. (44.00±5.34) mm,P=1.000] and EF [(62.00±3.39)% vs. (62.20±3.56)%, P=0.861] before and 1 month post-implant. No incidence of access site complications, cardiac effusion/perforation, dislodgment or infections occurred during the 3 months. Conclusions: The leadless transcatheter pacemaker implantation performed in our study archived a high implant success rate and favorable safety profile as well as associated with low and stable pacing thresholds. The long-term safety and benefit of leadless pacemaker need to be evaluated in future clinical studies.
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Zhong H, Zheng Y, Lin P, Zhao Z, Xi J, Zhu W, Yu M, Zhang W, Lv H, Yan C, Hu J, Wang Z, Lu J, Yuan Y, Luo S. LIMB GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhong H, Yu M, Lin P, Zhao Z, Xi J, Zhu W, Zheng Y, Zhang W, Lv H, Yan C, Hu J, Wang Z, Lu J, Yuan Y, Luo S. LIMB GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fang Y, Jiang ZQ, Wang JF, Jia JL, Yu DD, Feng LF, Shi L, Guo XN, Yu M, Xia HL, Yu M, Wang J, Li T, Ju L, Wang J, Lou JL. [Analysis of influencing factors of textile workers' occupational stress]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2020; 38:275-278. [PMID: 32447891 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190711-00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the occupational stress status and influencing factors of workers in a textile factory in Zhejiang Provice. Methods: In October 2018, 505 workers from a textile factory in Zhejiang Province were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. A total of 505 questionnaires were distributed, 495 of which were effective and the effective recovery rate was 98.0%. Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (REI) were used to investigate textile workers' occupational stress and analyze its influencing factors. The differences of the composition ratio of different groups were tested by χ(2) test. The influencing factors such as age, gender and occupation on occupational stress were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: ERI analysis results showed that the high and low occupational stress accounted for 30.1% and 69.9%, respectively. The differences of occupational stress among workers of different job types and working ages were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The detection rates of high occupational stress of paper workers and spinners were 47.8% (11/23) and 44.8% (30/67) , respectively, higher than other jobs. The detection rate of high occupational stress for workers with more than 5 years of service was 46.4% (13/28) . The results of JCQ analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in the differences of daily working hours and length of service between different gender, education levels, types of work patterns, and occupational stress (P>0.05) . Job types had significant effects on the occupational stress defined by ERI (P<0.05) , the risk of occupational stress was 2.151 times than that of the coiler. Conclusion: There are significant differences in occupational stress risk among workers of different types of work in textile industry, so different measures should be taken to prevent and control occupational stress in different jobs.
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Duan YJ, Yang SC, Han YT, Fan JN, Wang SJ, Wu XP, Yu M, Zhou JY, Tian XC, Xu XY, Liang MB, Hua YJ, Chen L, Yu CQ, Gao WJ, Cao WH, Lyu J, Li LM. [Association between perceived built environment attributes and adults' leisure-time physical activity in four cities of China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:1280-1285. [PMID: 32867436 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200227-00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the associations between perceived built environment attributes and adults' leisure-time physical activity in four cities of China. Methods: Multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select adults aged 25 to 64 in Hangzhou, Suzhou, Chengdu, and Qingdao. Data were collected from June 2017 to July 2018. The perception of the urban built environment was assessed by the neighborhood environment walkability scale-abbreviated (NEWS-A), and the physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the relationship between the perceived built environment and leisure-time physical activities. Results: A total of 3 789 participants were included in the analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders, better access to public services (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.02-1.75) and higher aesthetic quality (OR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.09-1.73) were positively associated with the possibility of engaging in leisure-time physical activity in the past week. Similarly, these two attributes were positively associated with leisure-time walking. Higher scores on the perception of street connectivity were positively associated with leisure-time walking [exp(β)=1.09, 95%CI: 1.00-1.19]. Higher residential density [exp(β)=1.000 4, 95%CI:1.000 0-1.000 8], better access to physical activity destinations[exp(β)=1.09, 95%CI: 1.00-1.19], and better aesthetics [exp(β)=1.11, 95%CI:1.00-1.22] were associated with higher leisure-time physical activity. Similarly, these three attributes were positively associated with the possibility of meeting the WHO recommendations. Conclusion: Changing some urban built environment attributes may increase leisure-time physical activity.
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Xu W, Yu M, Qin J, Luo Y, Zhong M. LACTB Regulates PIK3R3 to Promote Autophagy and Inhibit EMT and Proliferation Through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5181-5200. [PMID: 32636680 PMCID: PMC7335311 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s250661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common aggressive malignancies. LACTB functions as a tumor suppressor, and previous findings have demonstrated that LACTB can inhibit epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation of breast cancer and CRC cells. However, few studies have investigated the roles of LACTB in autophagy and proliferation in CRC. The current study aimed to identify the roles of LACTB in EMT and proliferation associated with autophagy in CRC and to elucidate the probable molecular mechanisms through which LACTB are involved in these processes. Materials and Methods Transwell invasion, MTT, transmission electron microscopy, RNA-seq, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting assays were performed to evaluate the migratory, invasive, proliferative and autophagic abilities of CRC cells, and the levels of active molecules involved in PI3K/AKT signaling were examined through Western blotting analysis. In addition, the in vivo function of LACTB was assessed using a tumor xenograft model. Results Weaker LACTB expression was found in CRC tissue samples than in nonmalignant tissue samples, and LACTB inhibited cell invasion, migration, and proliferation by promoting autophagy in vitro. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of LACTB on autophagy and EMT were partially attributed to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The in vivo results also showed that LACTB modulated CRC tumorigenesis. Conclusion LACTB can regulate the activity of PIK3R3 to influence the level of PI3K, and it also promotes autophagy and inhibits EMT and proliferation in part through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Meng L, Gao WJ, Cao WH, Lyu J, Yu CQ, Wu T, Wang SF, Pang ZC, Yu M, Wang H, Wu XP, Dong Z, Wu F, Jiang GH, Wang XJ, Lu L, Li LM. [Heritability of alcohol intake among adult twins, calculate by the structural equation model]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:819-823. [PMID: 32564542 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200103-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the genetic and environmental effects on alcohol intake. Methods: Data on 9 231 pairs of adult twins of the same sex was collected from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), between 2015 and 2018 and used in this study. Structural equation model was used to estimate the effects of genetic and environmental factors on alcohol intake. Results: A total of 9 231 pairs of twins were included in the analysis, of which 6 085 pairs were monozygotic (MZ). The average age of MZ was (36.91±13.07) years old, and males accounted for 56.80%. The average age of dizygotic twins (DZ) was (35.22±12.48) years old, and males accounted for 55.91%. There were 350 pairs of alcohol-drinking twins were with high-risk, accounting for 1.90% and another 367 pairs (1.99%) were with medium-risk. Alcohol-drinkers with medium-risk were affected by additive genetics, common and unique environmental factors, seen among the twins. The overall heritability appeared as 24.3% (95%CI: 0 to 56.8%). Furthermore, 50.7% of the variation (95%CI: 20.4%-79.0%) could be explained by the common environmental factors and 24.9% (95%CI: 18.3%-36.5%) by unique environmental factors. High-risk related drinking behavior was affected by both common and unique environmental factors. The common environmental component appeared as 75.6% (95%CI: 69.6%-80.8%) and unique environmental component as 24.4% (95%CI: 19.2%-30.4%), respectively. Gender difference was seen in the heritability of those with medium or high-risk drinking behaviors. The heritability of men was 30.8% (95%CI: 9.8%-53.5%), while in women it was mainly affected by the environment. Conclusion: Both alcohol drinkers with medium and high-risk drinking behaviors were mainly affected by the environment factors and gender. With the increase of drinking volume, the effect of environment on drinking behaviors became more obvious.
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Xie KX, Wang CM, Chen LL, Cao Y, Shen D, Hu RY, Wang H, Zhong JM, Yu M. [Association between snoring and hypertension among Zhejiang adults in a cross sectional study]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:722-726. [PMID: 32447914 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190814-00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between snoring and prevalent hypertension among adults in Zhejiang with a cross-sectional study. Methods: After excluding participants with self-reported, physician-diagnosed heart diseases, stroke and cancer at baseline study, 56 728 participants aged 30-79 in the China Kadoorie Biobank study from Tongxiang, Zhejiang were included for the final analysis. Three multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the ORs for the associations of snoring with prevalent hypertension. Results: The proportion of participants who snored frequently, snored sometimes, and never snored were 24.55%, 23.94%, and 51.51%, respectively. The corresponding figures of males were 32.40%, 26.55%, and 41.05%, respectively. The corresponding figures of females were 19.00%, 22.08%, and 58.92%, respectively (P<0.001). After adjusted socio-demographic factors, behavioral lifestyle, BMI, waist circumference, and sleep duration etc., in comparison with participants who never snored, the odds ratios (95%CI) of hypertension for those who snored frequently and snored sometimes were 1.17 (1.12-1.23) and 1.12 (1.07-1.18), respectively. The effects of snoring on hypertension were statistically significantly different between women and men, participants who were central obese and those who were not, and between premenopausal and post-menopausal women. Conclusion: Snoring was associated positively with hypertension among adults. The effect of snoring on prevalent hypertension were obvious, especially among people, being female, being central obese, and being premenopausal.
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Yu M, Xiang Y, Ma XX, Xue FX, Feng LM, Wang DB, Huang XH, Zhang Y, Zhang GN, Cao DY, Chen CL, Chen J, Cheng WW, Cui ZM, Di W, Guo HY, Hu LN, Li CZ, Li XM, Liang ZQ, Liu AJ, Liu CD, Meng YG, Shen DH, Wan XP, Wang ZH, Xu L, Yang XS, Zhu GH, Lang JH. [Advices on standards of endometrial cancer screening]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2020; 55:307-311. [PMID: 32464717 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200201-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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Tang Z, Fu Y, Xu J, Zhu M, Li X, Yu M, Zhao S, Liu X. Discovery of selection-driven genetic differences of Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire pig breeds by EigenGWAS and F st analyses. Anim Genet 2020; 51:531-540. [PMID: 32400898 DOI: 10.1111/age.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pigs are one of the earliest domesticated animals and multiple breeds have been developed to meet the various demands of consumers. EigenGWAS is a novel strategy to identify candidate genes that underlying population genetic differences and to infer candidate regions under selection as well. In this study, EigenGWAS and Fst analyses were performed using the public re-sequencing data of three typical commercial pig breeds, Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire. The intersection of genome-wide significant SNPs detected by EigenGWAS and top-ranked 1% SNPs of Fst results were treated as signals under selection. Using the data of all three breeds, 3062 signals under selection were detected and the nearby genomic regions within 300 kb upstream and downstream covered 6.54% of whole genome. Pairs of breeds were analysed along with the pathway analysis. The gene function enrichment results indicated that many candidate genes located in the genomic regions of the signals under selection were associated with biological processes related to growth, metabolism, reproduction, sensory perception, etc. Among the candidate genes, the FSHB, AHR, PTHLH, KDR and FST genes were reported to be associated with reproductive performance; the KIT, KITLG, MITF, MC1R and EDNRB genes were previously identified to affect coat colour; the RETREG1, TXNIP, BMP5, PPARD and RBP4 genes were reported to be associated with lipid metabolism and growth traits. The identified genetic differences across the three commercial breeds will advance understanding of the artificial selection history of pigs and the signals under selection will suggest potential uses in pig genomic breeding programmes.
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Wang DM, Gao WJ, Lyu J, Yu CQ, Wang SF, Pang ZC, Yu M, Wang H, Wu XP, Dong Z, Wu F, Jiang GH, Wang XJ, Liu Y, Deng J, Lu L, Cao WH, Li LM. [Heritability of coronary heart disease, based on the data from the Chinese adult twins]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:700-704. [PMID: 32447910 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190821-00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the heritability of coronary heart disease (CHD) among the Chinese twin adults. Methods: A total of 20 477 same-sex twin pairs aged 25 years and older from the Chinese National Twin Registry were interviewed. Structure equation model was used to estimate the heritability of CHD. Results: After adjusting for age and gender, the overall heritability of CHD was 0.75(0.68-0.81). Stratified analyses showed that genetic factors play a more important role in CHD incidence in ≥40 years or female twins. While the development of CHD was mainly influenced by environmental factors in 25-39 years or male twins. Conclusion: CHD is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and the heritability is high.
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bravo Berguño D, Bronner C, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Parker WC, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:161802. [PMID: 32383902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40σ and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.
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Hu X, Chen H, Yu M. Exploring the non-technical competencies for on-scene public health responders in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear emergencies: a qualitative study. Public Health 2020; 183:23-29. [PMID: 32413805 PMCID: PMC7167558 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to define and delineate specific non-technical competencies for first-line public health responders in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies in China. Study design A qualitative study was conducted in China involving interviews with key informants in the field of health response to CBRN disasters. Methods One-on-one in-depth interviews were carried out with 20 participants, including expert members of National Medical Response Teams for CBRN disasters, officials at emergency management authorities, and scholars of academic institutions related to CBRN emergency. Interviews were recorded using audio equipment, transcribed, and coded into codable passages as per grounded theory using NVivo software. Themes were identified within the transcriptions by using thematic analysis. Results A total of 159 codable passages were produced. Eight domains of non-technical core competencies were identified: (1) situation awareness, (2) communication skills, (3) collaboration, (4) resource management, (5) task management, (6) cultural competency, (7) austere environment skills, and (8) physical stamina. Conclusions The study identified a variety of competencies for on-scene public health responders in CBRN emergencies. The findings of this study could specifically benefit development of strategy and improvement of content of education and training. Further research that involves input from the disaster response community at large is needed for the validation of these competencies. Non-technical competencies affect performance of health response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) disasters. Austere environment skills and physical stamina are priority non-technical competencies for on-site public health responders in CBRN events. Effective CBRN health emergency training should integrate and synchronize courses based on non-technical/technical competency.
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Arihara T, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Berguño DB, Bronner C, Bubak A, Avanzini MB, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Cicerchia M, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eguchi A, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hassani S, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Junjie X, Jurj PB, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kikutani H, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McElwee J, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Bueno LM, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Naseby CER, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Noah E, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O’Keeffe HM, O’Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Pari M, Parker WC, Parsa S, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Guerra ESP, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Santucci G, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Constraint on the matter–antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations. Nature 2020; 580:339-344. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang XY, Yu M, Zhao QQ, Wang Y, Sun BC. [Investigation of Anisakis infections in market-available marine fish in Dongtai City]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2020; 32:426-427. [PMID: 32935523 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of Anisakis infection of in market-available marine fish in Dongtai City, so as to provide the evidence for the assessment of the risk of human Anisakis infections. METHODS Raw and fresh marine fish caught in the sea of Dongtai City for sale were collected in 2018. The fish were weighted and dissected for the identification of Anisakis, and the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were calculated. In addition, the correlation between the weight of Anisakis-infected marine fish and the infection intensity of Anisakis was examined. RESULTS There were four species of marine fish infected with Anisakis, including Trichiurus haumela, Scomberomorus niphonius, Pneumatophorus japonicus and Larimichthys polyactis. Among the 149 fish samples, there were 78 with Anisakis infections, with a prevalence rate of 52.35%. The prevalence of Anisakis infection was 100.00% (28/28), 30.00% (9/30), 0 (0/30), 53.33% (16/30) and 80.65% (25/31) in T. haumela, S. niphonius, cuttle fish, P. japonicus and L. polyactis, respectively. A total of 1 049 Anisakis worms were collected, and the overall intensity of infection was 13.45 worms per fish. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the weight of T. haumela and the intensity of Anisakis infection (rs = 0.38, P = 0.047), and no correlation was found in other fish species. CONCLUSIONS There is a high rate of Anisakis infection in marine fish along the offshore areas of Dongtai City. Intensification of health education is required and healthy and safe dietary habits are encouranged.
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Zhang Q, Lyu W, Yu M, Niu Y. Sulfur dioxide induces vascular relaxation through PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NO/cGMP signaling pathways in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1108-1117. [PMID: 32153200 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120911428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common exogenous atmospheric pollutant. Studies have shown that SO2 can cause vasodilation as a gas signaling molecule, but the specific signaling pathways are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism behind the effects of SO2 on vasodilation of isolated rat aorta. The results showed that when the dose of SO2 was 30 μM, the vasodilation of endothelium-intact rings was partially suppressed by LY294002 and NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, and the protein levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt, and p-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) were significantly increased. When the dose of SO2 was 300 μM or 1500 μM, the vasodilation of endothelium-denuded rings did not change after application of the inhibitor, but the protein levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-eNOS were significantly decreased, and the activity of NOS and the level of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were significantly increased. We speculate that the mechanism of SO2-induced vasodilatation likely involved the endothelial PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NO/cGMP signal pathways. In addition, at the concentration of 1500 μM, SO2 markedly increased the level of caspase-3 and caspase-9. The results suggest that high concentrations of SO2 may cause damage to blood vessels. This study will help to further inform the etiologies of SO2-related cardiovascular disease.
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Yu M, Xiao L, Chen Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Wang A. Identification of a potential target for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: follistatin. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 58:437-442. [PMID: 32115303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is the most common oral cancer and is prone to develop regional lymph nodes and distant metastases. Reliable and stable therapeutic targets can improve the curative effect and reduce toxic side effects caused by traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. We have analysed three sets of series of functional gene expression of SCC of the tongue from gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets, and 154 common differentially expressed genes (DEG) between SCC of the tongue and the corresponding normal tissues were screened. Further bioinformatics research that was based on the data from the Cancer genome atlas, Gene ontology, and the Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes indicated that the increased expression of follistatin might be correlated with a poor prognosis in these patients. By assay of colony formation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and lentivirus transfection, we confirmed that downregulation of follistatin inhibited the proliferation of SCC cells in the tongue.
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Xu W, Tao P, Wu J, Yu M, Soulen M, Zhang Z, Bai H. Abstract No. 378 Association of response to transarterial chemoembolization with overall survival in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of different response assessment criteria. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Yang BY, Gulinazi Y, Du Y, Ning CC, Cheng YL, Shan WW, Luo XZ, Zhang HW, Zhu Q, Ma FH, Liu J, Sun L, Yu M, Guan J, Chen XJ. Metformin plus megestrol acetate compared with megestrol acetate alone as fertility-sparing treatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial cancer: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2020; 127:848-857. [PMID: 31961463 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of metformin in megestrol acetate (MA)-based fertility-sparing treatment for patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). DESIGN A randomised, single-centre, open-label, controlled trial conducted between October 2013 and December 2017. SETTING Shanghai OBGYN Hospital of Fudan University, China. POPULATION A total of 150 patients (18-45 years old) with primary AEH or well-differentiated EEC were randomised into an MA group (n = 74) and an MA plus metformin group (n = 76). METHODS Patients with AEH or EEC were firstly stratified, then randomised to receive MA (160 mg orally, daily) or MA (160 mg orally, daily) plus metformin (500 mg orally, three times a day). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary efficacy parameter was the cumulate complete response (CR) rate within 16 weeks of treatment (16w-CR rate); the secondary efficacy parameters were 30w-CR rate and adverse events. RESULTS The 16w-CR rate was higher in the metformin plus MA group than in the MA-only group (34.3 versus 20.7%, odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-4.51, P = 0.09) but the difference was more significant in 102 AEH patients (39.6 versus 20.4%, OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.06-6.21, P = 0.04). This effect of metformin was also significant in non-obese (51.4 versus 24.3%, OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.22-8.84, P = 0.02) and insulin-sensitive (54.8 versus 28.6%, OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.03-8.97, P = 0.04) subgroups of AEH women. No significant result was found in secondary endpoints. CONCLUSION As a fertility-sparing treatment, metformin plus MA was associated with a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone in AEH patients. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT For AEH patients, metformin plus MA might be a better fertility-sparing treatment to achieve a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone.
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Chen GQ, Wang QM, Yu M, Cheng YD, Zhang ZC, Wang WS, Qiu Y, Sun LH, Peng K, Yang H. Notch signaling is involved in regulation of LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis through JNK/NF-kB signaling pathway. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:04. [PMID: 32048500 DOI: 10.23812/19-283-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling plays a critical role in the development and function of macrophages. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and macrophage apoptosis after LPS stimulation. In RAW 264.7 cells, the mRNA expression of Jagged1, Hes1, Hes 5 and GM-CSF, and protein expression of NICD1 and GM-CSF were increased after LPS stimulation. Inhibition of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT and the suppression of Notch1 expression using siRNA both significantly prevented LPS induced activation of JNK and NF-kB, and simultaneously the expression of GM-CSF was also down regulated significantly. JNK inhibitor SP600125 was used to block the phosphorylation of JNK signaling, Western blot results showed that the activation of NF-kB was blocked and expression of GM-CSF was down-regulated. Finally, flow cytometry analyses showed that the Notch signaling was involved in the regulation of macrophage apoptosis after LPS stimulation. Our study showed that the Notch signaling pathway was activated and involved in the regulation of macrophage apoptosis after LPS stimulation through JNK/ NF-kB signaling regulated GM-CSF expression.
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Yu M, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wong SW, Wu J, Liu H, Feng H, Han D. Epithelial Wnt10a Is Essential for Tooth Root Furcation Morphogenesis. J Dent Res 2020; 99:311-319. [PMID: 31914354 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519897607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT10A (Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10A) plays a crucial role in tooth development, and patients with biallelic WNT10A mutation and mice lacking Wnt10a show taurodontism. However, whether epithelial or mesenchymal WNT10A controls the initiation of the root furcation formation remains unclear, and the functional significance of WNT10A in regulating root morphogenesis has not been clarified. Here, we investigated how Wnt10a affects tooth root development by generating different tissue-specific Wnt10a conditional knockout mice. Wnt10a knockout in the whole tissue (EIIa-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox) and in dental epithelium (K14-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox) led to an absence of or apically located root furcation in molars of mice, a phenotype that resembled taurodontism. An RNAscope analysis showed that the dynamic epithelial and mesenchymal Wnt10a expression pattern occurred during root development. Immunofluorescent staining of E-cadherin and EdU revealed decreased epithelial cell proliferation at the cervical region of the molar in K14-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox mice at postnatal day 0 (PN0), just before the initiation of root morphogenesis. Interestingly, we found increased pulpal mesenchymal cell proliferation in the presumptive root furcating region of the molar in K14-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox mice at PN4 and PN7. RNA-seq indicated that among the Wnt ligands with high endogenous expression levels in molars, Wnt4 was increased after epithelial knockout of Wnt10a. The RNAscope assay confirmed that the expression of Wnt4 and Axin2 in the dental papilla of the presumptive root furcating region, where dental pulp overgrowth occurred, was increased in K14-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox molars. Furthermore, after suppression of the elevated Wnt4 level in K14-Cre;Wnt10aflox/flox molars by Wnt4 shRNA adenovirus and kidney capsule grafts, the root furcation defect was partially rescued. Taken together, our study provides the first in vivo evidence that epithelial Wnt10a guides root furcation formation and plays a crucial role in controlling the organized proliferation of adjacent mesenchymal cells by regulating proper Wnt4 expression during root furcation morphogenesis.
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Yang CR, Zhang XY, Liu Y, Du JY, Liang R, Yu M, Zhang FQ, Mu XF, Li F, Zhou L, Zhou FH, Meng FJ, Wang S, Ming D, Zhou XF. Antidepressant Drugs Correct the Imbalance Between proBDNF/p75NTR/Sortilin and Mature BDNF/TrkB in the Brain of Mice with Chronic Stress. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:171-182. [PMID: 31493120 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a worldwide problem with a great social and economic burden in many countries. In our previous research, we found that the expression of proBDNF/p75NTR/sortilin is upregulated in patients with major depressive disorder. In addition, the treatment of proBDNF antibodies reversed both the depressive behaviors and the reduced BDNF mRNA detected in our rodent chronic stress models. Antidepressant drugs are usually only effective in a subpopulation of patients with major depression with a delayed time window of 2-4 weeks to exert their efficacy. The mechanism underlying such delayed response is not known. In this study, we hypothesize that antidepressant drugs exert their therapeutic effect by modulating proBDNF/p75NTR and mature BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways. To test the hypothesis, C57 mice were randomly divided into normal control, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), vehicle (VEH), fluoxetine (FLU), and clozapine (CLO) groups. Behavioral tests (sucrose preference, open field, and tail suspension tests) were performed before and after 4 weeks of CUMS. The gene and protein expression of proBDNF, the neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), sortilin, and TrkB in the cortex and hippocampus were examined. At the protein level, CUMS induced a significant increase in proBDNF, p75NTR, and sortilin production while the TrkB protein level was found to be lower in the cortex and hippocampus compared with the control group. Consistently, at the mRNA level, p75NTR expression increased with reduced BDNF/TrkB mRNA in both cortex and hippocampus, while sortilin increased only in the hippocampus after CUMS. FLU and CLO treatments of CUMS mice reversed all protein and mRNA expression of the biomarkers in both cortex and hippocampus, except for sortilin mRNA in the cortex and proBDNF in the hippocampus, respectively. This study further confirms that the imbalance between proBDNF/p75NTR/sortilin and mBDNF/TrkB production is important in the pathogenesis of depression. It is likely that antidepressant FLU and antipsychotic CLO exert their antidepressant-like effect correcting the imbalance between proBDNF/p75NTR/sortilin and mBDNF/TrkB.
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