201
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Ye Y, Li L, Zheng Y, Yu P, Jin F. Trinucleotide repeat dynamic mutations in the offspring conceived through assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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202
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Luo QZ, Lin L, Gong Z, Mei B, Xu YJ, Huo Z, Yu P. Positive association of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A polymorphism with leukemia susceptibility in the people of Han nationality of Southern China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 78:178-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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203
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Komatsu Y, Yu P, Kamiya N, Mishina Y. Augmentation of Smad-dependent BMP signaling in cranial neural crests causes craniosynostosis in mice. Dev Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.05.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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204
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Jiang X, Zou Y, Huo Z, Yu P. Association of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A microsatellite polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma in South China Han population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 78:143-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01693.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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205
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Teng Y, Liu W, Qu X, Zhou L, Zhang L, Zhang J, Zhao M, Yu P, Jin B, Luo Y, Shi J, Liu Y. Clinical significances of pAkt and pErk1/2 in patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e21026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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206
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Azarfar A, Jonker A, Hettiarachchi-Gamage IK, Yu P. Nutrient profile and availability of co-products from bioethanol processing. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 96:450-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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207
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Zhou SY, Zhu Y, Langner MC, Chuang YD, Yu P, Yang WL, Cruz Gonzalez AG, Tahir N, Rini M, Chu YH, Ramesh R, Lee DH, Tomioka Y, Tokura Y, Hussain Z, Schoenlein RW. Ferromagnetic enhancement of CE-type spin ordering in (Pr,Ca)MnO3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:186404. [PMID: 21635110 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.186404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present resonant soft x-ray scattering results from small bandwidth manganites (Pr,Ca)MnO(3), which show that the CE-type spin ordering (SO) at the phase boundary is stabilized only below the canted antiferromagnetic transition temperature and enhanced by ferromagnetism in the macroscopically insulating state (FM-I). Our results reveal the fragility of the CE-type ordering that underpins the colossal magnetoresistance effect in this system, as well as an unexpected cooperative interplay between FM-I and CE-type SO which is in contrast to the competitive interplay between the ferromagnetic metallic state and CE-type ordering.
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208
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Jonker A, Gruber M, Wang Y, Coulman B, Azarfar A, McKinnon J, Christensen D, Yu P. Modeling degradation ratios and nutrient availability of anthocyanidin-accumulating Lc-alfalfa populations in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:1430-44. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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209
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Van De Kerckhove AY, Lardner HA, Yu P, McKinnon JJ, Walburger K. Effect of dried distillers' grain, soybean meal and grain or canola meal and grain-based supplements on forage intake and digestibility. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas10041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Van De Kerckhove, A. Y., Lardner, H. A., Yu, P., McKinnon J. J. and Walburger, K. 2011. Effect of dried distillers' grain, soybean meal and grain or canola meal and grain-based supplements on forage intake and digestibility. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 123–132. Four ruminally cannulated beef heifers (72 wk of age) were individually fed a basal ration of 75% ground barley straw and 25% ground bromegrass hay [total digestible nutrients=46.3, crude protein (CP)=7.5 (% dry matter (DM))]. Heifers were supplemented with either (1) no supplement (CONT); (2) dried distillers' grains plus solubles [70:30 wheat:corn blend; dried distillers' grains plus solubles (DDGS)]; (3) commercial range pellet (COMM); or (4) barley grain and canola meal (BAR+CM). Forage intake, apparent total tract digestibility, passage rate, rate and extent of forage degradation, rumen pH and rumen ammonia nitrogen were measured. Forage intake, passage rate, and apparent total tract digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were unaffected (P>0.41) by treatment. Apparent total tract digestibility of CP was increased (P=0.02) with supplements as compared with CONT, but did not differ (P>0.05) among DDGS, COMM, and BAR+CM. Ruminal pH was not affected (P=0.20) by treatment, but rumen ammonia-N was increased (P<0.01) with all three supplements. Potentially degradable and undegradable forage fractions were decreased (P<0.02) and there was a tendency (P=0.06) for the rate of forage DM degradation to increase with supplementation. Supplementing forage diets with either DDGS, grain-soybean-canola- or grain-canola-based supplements did not increase the intake or digestibility of a forage-based diet. More research, however, is required to study the feasibility of feeding these supplements at greater levels with forage-based beef cattle diets.
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210
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Wang N, Fung KK, Yu P, Tang ZK, Wong GKL, Kawasaki M, Ohtomo A, Koinuma H, Segawa Y. Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Room Temperature Lasing Epitaxial ZnO Films on Sapphire. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-482-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe have studied the microstructures of lasing and non-lasing ZnO films on sapphire in plan-view and cross-section by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). While ZnO films in general are made up of cloumnar close-packed c-axis misoriented nanocrystals, the misorientation in nonlasing film, typically 5°, is considerably larger than lasing film, typically less than 1°. A rather high density of pinholes or nanotubes is associated with the highly misoriented films. The misorientation between adjacent grains is taken up by grain boundary dislocations. Room temperature lasing films contain a high density of threading boundary edge dislocations, in excess of 1010 cm−2. But faceting in the columnar nanocrystals is not well developed so that the grain boundaries are not clearly visible. Tilting of (0001) lattice planes between grains originating from substrate surface step and growth fault step, however, has been observed in high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) images.
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211
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Babicky M, Jaquish D, Mose E, Yu P, French R, Lowy A. Combining RON And EGFR Kinase Directed Therapy Markedly Inhibits Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Growth. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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212
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Nguyen B, Yu P, Tao M, Ozaki C. Non-Invasive Real-time Imaging Of Vein Graft Adaptations In Mice Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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213
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Zhang JX, Xiang B, He Q, Seidel J, Zeches RJ, Yu P, Yang SY, Wang CH, Chu YH, Martin LW, Minor AM, Ramesh R. Large field-induced strains in a lead-free piezoelectric material. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 6:98-102. [PMID: 21240285 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2010.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric materials exhibit a mechanical response to electrical inputs, as well as an electrical response to mechanical inputs, which makes them useful in sensors and actuators. Lead-based piezoelectrics demonstrate a large mechanical response, but they also pose a health risk. The ferroelectric BiFeO(3) is an attractive alternative because it is lead-free, and because strain can stabilize BiFeO(3) phases with a structure that resembles a morphotropic phase boundary. Here we report a reversible electric-field-induced strain of over 5% in BiFeO(3) films, together with a characterization of the origins of this effect. In situ transmission electron microscopy coupled with nanoscale electrical and mechanical probing shows that large strains result from moving the boundaries between tetragonal- and rhombohedral-like phases, which changes the phase stability of the mixture. These results demonstrate the potential of BiFeO(3) as a substitute for lead-based materials in future piezoelectric applications.
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214
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Liu N, Yu P. Correlation between median and mean irregular particle sizes and degradation kinetics in barley genotypes. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 95:1-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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215
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Lee JS, Arena DA, Yu P, Nelson CS, Fan R, Kinane CJ, Langridge S, Rossell MD, Ramesh R, Kao CC. Hidden magnetic configuration in epitaxial La(1-x) Sr(x) MnO3 films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:257204. [PMID: 21231622 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.257204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present an unreported magnetic configuration in epitaxial La(1-x) Sr(x) MnO3 (x ∼ 0.3) (LSMO) films grown on strontium titanate (STO). X-ray magnetic circular dichroism indicates that the remanent magnetic state of thick LSMO films is opposite to the direction of the applied magnetic field. Spectroscopic and scattering measurements reveal that the average Mn valence varies from mixed Mn(3+)/Mn(4+) to an enriched Mn3+ region near the STO interface, resulting in a compressive lattice along the a, b axis and a possible electronic reconstruction in the Mn e(g) orbital (d(3)z(2)-r(2). This reconstruction may provide a mechanism for coupling the Mn3+ moments antiferromagnetically along the surface normal direction, and in turn may lead to the observed reversed magnetic configuration.
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216
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Mattheakis L, Kearney P, Jaeger C, Plonowski A, Zhang J, Yu P. 219 PI3K delta: Discovery of potent and selective inhibitors for treating hematopoietic malignancies. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71924-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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217
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Jonker A, Gruber MY, McCaslin M, Wang Y, Coulman B, McKinnon JJ, Christensen DA, Yu P. Nutrient composition and degradation profiles of anthocyanidin-accumulating Lc-alfalfa populations. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas09110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most used forages in the world but suffers the disadvantage of having poor protein utilization by the animal. The poor protein utilization is the result of excessive ruminal protein degradation, which might be reduced by the protein precipitating capacity of anthocyanidin (AC) and condensed tannins (CT). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the Lc-transgene on survival, anthocyanidin, condensed tannin and chemical profiles in crossed populations of western Canadian-adapted Lc-alfalfa. These were compared with their non-transgenic (NT) parental varieties, Rangelander, Rambler, and Beaver. Lc-alfalfa forage accumulated enhanced amounts of anthocyanidin, with an average concentration of 197.4 µg g-1 DM, while condensed tannins were not detected. Both of these metabolites were absent in the NT parental varieties. Lc-alfalfa had a lower (24.8 vs. 27.3% DM; P < 0.02) crude protein (CP) and higher (58.3 vs. 55.5% DM; P < 0.01) carbohydrate (CHO) concentration, which resulted in their decreased (P < 0.01) N:CHO ratio (68.1 vs. 79.2 g kg-1) compared with NT alfalfa. Slowly degradable N:CHO ratio was decreased by 5.9 g kg-1 (P < 0.03) and total rumen-degradable N:CHO ratio was decreased by 12.9 g kg-1 (P < 0.03) in Lc-alfalfa compared with NT alfalfa. In conclusion, Lc-gene transformation resulted in the accumulation of anthocyanidin, decreased total protein content, increased total carbohydrate content and improved the balance between nitrogen and carbohydrates in the crossed transgenic populations of western Canadian-adapted alfalfa compared to their NT western Canadian parental alfalfa varieties. Key words: Alfalfa, anthocyanidin, Lc-transgene, protein and carbohydrate sub-fractions, nitrogen-to-carbohydrate degradation ratios
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218
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Wu SM, Cybart SA, Yu P, Rossell MD, Zhang JX, Ramesh R, Dynes RC. Reversible electric control of exchange bias in a multiferroic field-effect device. NATURE MATERIALS 2010; 9:756-61. [PMID: 20657590 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Electric-field control of magnetization has many potential applications in magnetic memory storage, sensors and spintronics. One approach to obtain this control is through multiferroic materials. Instead of using direct coupling between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic order parameters in a single-phase multiferroic material, which only shows a weak magnetoelectric effect, a unique method using indirect coupling through an intermediate antiferromagnetic order parameter can be used. In this article, we demonstrate electrical control of exchange bias using a field-effect device employing multiferroic (ferroelectric/antiferromagnetic) BiFeO(3) as the dielectric and ferromagnetic La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO(3) as the conducting channel; we can reversibly switch between two distinct exchange-bias states by switching the ferroelectric polarization of BiFeO(3). This is an important step towards controlling magnetization with electric fields, which may enable a new class of electrically controllable spintronic devices and provide a new basis for producing electrically controllable spin-polarized currents.
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219
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Zhang P, Yu P, Wang W, Zhang L, Li SF, Bu H. Molecular characterization of long terminal repeat of porcine endogenous retroviruses in Chinese pigs. Acta Virol 2010; 54:165-72. [PMID: 20822308 DOI: 10.4149/av_2010_03_165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pigs offer an unlimited source of xenografts for humans. However, vertically transmitted Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) poses an infectious risk in the course of pig-to-human transplantation. In this study, we characterized PERV long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences from three species of Chinese pigs Banna minipig inbred (BMI), Wu-Zhi-Shan pig (WZSP), and Neijiang pig (NJP-A), and compared them with those of known PERVs (PERV-A, PERV-B, PERV-C, PERV-NIH, and 293-PERV-43). Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the Chinese pigs was used for PCR-amplification, cloning, and sequencing of LTRs. The sequences of BMI and WZSP LTRs were found identical with those of PERV-A and PERV-B, while that of NJP-A LTR was found close to those of PERV-C and PERV-NIH. The gammaretroviral nature of PERV LTRs from Chinese pigs was proved. These LTRs contained also promoter elements including enhancer-like repeats comparable with those of other PERVs. These findings suggested that PERVs from Chinese pigs were similar to PERV-A and PRV-B. Moreover, this study provided new data for the evaluation and selection of pigs to be used in the xenotransplantation.
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220
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Borisevich AY, Chang HJ, Huijben M, Oxley MP, Okamoto S, Niranjan MK, Burton JD, Tsymbal EY, Chu YH, Yu P, Ramesh R, Kalinin SV, Pennycook SJ. Suppression of octahedral tilts and associated changes in electronic properties at epitaxial oxide heterostructure interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:087204. [PMID: 20868130 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.087204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial oxide interfaces with broken translational symmetry have emerged as a central paradigm behind the novel behaviors of oxide superlattices. Here, we use scanning transmission electron microscopy to demonstrate a direct, quantitative unit-cell-by-unit-cell mapping of lattice parameters and oxygen octahedral rotations across the BiFeO3-La0.7 Sr0.3 MnO3 interface to elucidate how the change of crystal symmetry is accommodated. Combined with low-loss electron energy loss spectroscopy imaging, we demonstrate a mesoscopic antiferrodistortive phase transition near the interface in BiFeO3 and elucidate associated changes in electronic properties in a thin layer directly adjacent to the interface.
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221
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Chan I, Chan E, Au A, Leung P, Li P, Lee MP, Chung R, Yu P. Subjective memory complaints of Chinese HIV-infected patients in Hong Kong: Relationships with social support, depressive mood and medical symptoms. AIDS Care 2010; 19:1149-56. [PMID: 18058399 DOI: 10.1080/09540120701402780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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222
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Nuez-Ortín W, Yu P. Effects of bioethanol plant and coproduct type on the metabolic characteristics of the proteins in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:3775-83. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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223
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Yu P, Lee JS, Okamoto S, Rossell MD, Huijben M, Yang CH, He Q, Zhang JX, Yang SY, Lee MJ, Ramasse QM, Erni R, Chu YH, Arena DA, Kao CC, Martin LW, Ramesh R. Interface ferromagnetism and orbital reconstruction in BiFeO3-La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO3 heterostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:027201. [PMID: 20867733 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.027201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the formation of a novel ferromagnetic state in the antiferromagnet BiFeO3 at the interface with ferromagnet La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO3. Using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism at Mn and Fe L(2,3) edges, we discovered that the development of this ferromagnetic spin structure is strongly associated with the onset of a significant exchange bias. Our results demonstrate that the magnetic state is directly related to an electronic orbital reconstruction at the interface, which is supported by the linearly polarized x-ray absorption measurement at the oxygen K edge.
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224
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Heendeniya RG, Christensen DA, Maenz DD, McKinnon JJ, Yu P. Utilization of canola seed fractions for ruminants: effect of canola fibre-protein and can-sugar inclusion in dehydrated alfalfa pellets on palatability and lactation performance of dairy cows. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas09085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research evaluated the effect of fibre-protein and can-sugar additions to dehydrated alfalfa pellets on feed acceptance, lactation performance, dry matter intake and apparent dry matter digestibility of dairy cows compared with a standard (pure) alfalfa pellet. The results showed that a two:one ratio of fibre-protein to can-sugar mixture can be added at 150 g kg-1 to a standard alfalfa pellet without affecting the palatability and lactation performance of dairy cows, when the alfalfa pellets are included at 50 g kg-1 (as fed basis) of a total mixed ration (TMR). Key words: Canola fractions, fibre-protein, can-sugar, palatability, lactation performances, dairy cows
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225
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Elvers M, Pozgaj R, Pleines I, May F, Kuijpers MJE, Heemskerk JMW, Yu P, Nieswandt B. Platelet hyperreactivity and a prothrombotic phenotype in mice with a gain-of-function mutation in phospholipase Cgamma2. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:1353-63. [PMID: 20230420 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agonist-induced platelet activation involves different signaling pathways leading to the activation of phospholipase C (PLC) beta or PLCgamma2. Activated PLC produces inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol, which trigger Ca(2+) mobilization and the activation of protein kinase C, respectively. PLCbeta is activated downstream of Gq-coupled receptors for soluble agonists with only short interaction times in flowing blood. In contrast, PLCgamma2 becomes activated downstream of receptors that interact with immobilized ligands such as the collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI or activated integrins. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We speculated that PLCgamma2 activity might be optimized for sustained but submaximal signaling to control relatively slow platelet responses. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed platelets from mice heterozygous for a gain-of-function mutation in the Plcg2 gene (Plcg2(Ali5/+)). RESULTS Plcg2(Ali5/+) platelets showed enhanced Ca(2+) mobilization, integrin activation, granule secretion and phosphatidylserine exposure upon GPVI or C-type lectin-like receptor-2 stimulation. Furthermore, integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) outside-in signaling was markedly enhanced in the mutant platelets, as shown by accelerated spreading on different matrices and faster clot retraction. These defects translated into virtually unlimited thrombus formation on collagen under flow in vitro and a prothrombotic phenotype in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the enzymatic activity of PLCgamma2 is tightly regulated to ensure efficient but limited platelet activation at sites of vascular injury.
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226
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Morgan MD, Burke F, Biela C, Harper L, Gordon C, Young SP, Goulden BS, Turner-Stokes TJ, Pericleous C, Lambrianides A, Bell K, Ioannou Y, Latchman D, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Zhang JY, Passam FH, Rahgozar S, Qi JC, Giannakopoulos B, Qi M, Yu P, Yu D, Hogg PJ, Krilis S, Haque S, Rakieh C, Salway F, Ho P, Gorodkin R, Suan Teh L, Day PJ, Bruce IN, Turner-Stokes TJ, Lu TY, Ehrenstein MR, Giles I, Rahman A, Isenberg DA, Faria RM, Chambers SA, Pegden A, Isenberg DA, Shahbaz-Samavi M, Hewitt J, Haque S, Shelmerdine J, Ahmad Y, Bruce IN, Peall A, Whyman S, Goodfellow R, Martin J, Morgan J, Rhys-Dillon C. SLE and Antiphospholipid Syndrome [223-231]: 223. Acid Disruption Biacore Analysis of Antibodies Against Rituximab in SLE Patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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227
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Astorri E, Bombardieri M, Corsiero E, Gabba S, Barone F, Proctor G, Pitzalis C, Bowman SJ, St Pierre Y, Sutcliffe N, Isenberg DA, Goldblatt F, Price E, Hamburger J, Richards A, Rauz S, Regan M, Jones A, Rigby S, Mulherin D, Clarke A, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Black C, Denton C, Barnes T, Spiller D, Anderson M, Edwards S, Moots R, Gamal M, Zaki E, Khaled HF, Abdul-Aziz OA, Shaaban AA, Abu Senna H, Bishop VL, Herrick A, Wragg E, Ioannou Y, Zhang JY, Passam FH, Rahgozar S, Qi JC, Giannakopoulos B, Qi M, Yu P, Yu DM, Hogg PJ, Krilis SA, Hopkins CW, Spiers LR, Bhagat SS, Ostor AJ, Hall FC. Concurrent Oral 10 - Connective Tissue Disease [OP65-OP72]: OP65. Molecular and Cellular Evolution of Functional Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Salivary Glands of NOD Mice. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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228
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Yu P, Racz V. Modeling Nutrient Supply to Ruminants: Frost-damaged Wheat vs. Normal Wheat. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.80040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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229
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Ferrari G, Beckmann E, Sainger R, Keller G, Yu P, Monti M, Galloway A, Grau J. Validation of Plasma Biomarkers in Degenerative Calcific Aortic Stenosis. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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230
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Yang SY, Seidel J, Byrnes SJ, Shafer P, Yang CH, Rossell MD, Yu P, Chu YH, Scott JF, Ager JW, Martin LW, Ramesh R. Above-bandgap voltages from ferroelectric photovoltaic devices. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 5:143-7. [PMID: 20062051 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2009.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In conventional solid-state photovoltaics, electron-hole pairs are created by light absorption in a semiconductor and separated by the electric field spaning a micrometre-thick depletion region. The maximum voltage these devices can produce is equal to the semiconductor electronic bandgap. Here, we report the discovery of a fundamentally different mechanism for photovoltaic charge separation, which operates over a distance of 1-2 nm and produces voltages that are significantly higher than the bandgap. The separation happens at previously unobserved nanoscale steps of the electrostatic potential that naturally occur at ferroelectric domain walls in the complex oxide BiFeO(3). Electric-field control over domain structure allows the photovoltaic effect to be reversed in polarity or turned off. This new degree of control, and the high voltages produced, may find application in optoelectronic devices.
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Yu P, Zhang P, Zhang L, Li SF, Cheng JQ, Lu YR, Li YP, Bu H. Studies on long-term infection of human cells with Porcine endogenous retrovirus. Acta Virol 2009; 53:169-74. [PMID: 19941398 DOI: 10.4149/av_2009_03_169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A major concern in pig-to-human xenotransplantations is the potential risk of transmission of Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) integrated in the pig genome. Our previous work has shown that PERV provirus genes and gag protein can be detected in human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cells during a long-term infection with PERV (Yu et al., Transplant. Proc. 37, 496-499, 2005). In this study, we continued studying the long-term (>6 months) PERV infection of HEK-293 cells. The results showed no significant differences in morphology, growth, apoptosis, and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation between PERV-infected and uninfected cells. The PERV LTR sequence showed only an insignifcant mutation after the long-term infection. PERV infection had no effect on the transcription of genes of Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) naturally occurring in HEK-293 cells. Summing up, this study indicated that a long-term PERV infection of HEK-293 cells in vitro does not result in any significant changes in host cells as well as in PERV LTR sequence.
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Larsson LS, Hill WG, Odom-Maryon T, Yu P. Householder status and residence type as correlates of radon awareness and testing behaviors. Public Health Nurs 2009; 26:387-95. [PMID: 19706121 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this research was to assess radon awareness and testing across 2 housing types. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Cross-sectional prevalence study with time trends. National, probabilistic sample of 18,138 and 29,632 respondents from the 1994 and 1998 National Health Interview Surveys, respectively. RESULTS Odds ratio (OR) estimates confirmed that occupants of single family homes/townhomes were twice as likely to have ever heard of radon (1994: OR=2.18; confidence intervals [CI]=2.01-2.36) (1998: OR=2.26; CI=2.09-2.44) and also more likely to know if their household air had been tested for radon (1994: OR=2.04; CI=1.57-2.65) (1998: OR=1.38; CI=1.19-1.59) as occupants of apartments/condominiums. Time trend analyses revealed that radon awareness improved from 69.4% to 70.7% and home testing among those with knowledge of radon increased from 9.7% to 15.5% over the 4-year period. CONCLUSIONS Housing type provided fairly stable estimates of radon awareness and testing. Findings demonstrate that housing status may be a useful variable to differentiate risk for radon awareness and testing. Public health nurses should consider their client's housing type when assessing families for environmental risks.
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Peura DA, Metz DC, Dabholkar AH, Paris MM, Yu P, Atkinson SN. Safety profile of dexlansoprazole MR, a proton pump inhibitor with a novel dual delayed release formulation: global clinical trial experience. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 30:1010-21. [PMID: 19735233 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexlansoprazole MR is a dual delayed release formulation of dexlansoprazole, an enantiomer of lansoprazole. AIM To assess safety of dexlansoprazole MR in phase 3 clinical trials. METHODS Data from 4270 patients receiving dexlansoprazole MR 30 mg (n = 455), 60 mg (n = 2311) or 90 mg (n = 1864); lansoprazole 30 mg (n = 1363); or placebo (n = 896) in six randomized controlled trials and a 12-month safety study were pooled. Safety was assessed via adverse events, vital signs, electrocardiograms, clinical laboratory results and gastric biopsies. Adverse events were summarized per 100 patient-months of exposure to account for imbalances in study drug exposure. RESULTS The number of patients with > or =1 treatment-emergent adverse event per 100 patient-months was higher in placebo (24.49) and lansoprazole (21.06) groups than in any dexlansoprazole MR (15.64-18.75) group. Fewer patients receiving dexlansoprazole MR discontinued therapy because of an adverse event (P < or = 0.05 vs. placebo). Seven patients died of events considered unrelated to study drug. Mean serum gastrin rose in all groups except placebo; increases were not dose-related. No clinically concerning trends were seen in gastric biopsy results. Endocrine cell hyperplasia, dysplasia and neoplasia were not observed. CONCLUSION Dexlansoprazole MR 30-90 mg has a safety profile comparable to that of lansoprazole.
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Wang SM, Fu LJ, Duan XL, Crooks DR, Yu P, Qian ZM, Di XJ, Li J, Rouault TA, Chang YZ. Role of hepcidin in murine brain iron metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 67:123-33. [PMID: 19898775 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 09/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain iron homeostasis is maintained by a balance of both iron uptake and release, and accumulating evidence has revealed that brain iron concentrations increase with aging. Hepcidin, an iron regulatory hormone produced by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli, iron, and hypoxia, has been shown to be the long-sought hormone responsible for the regulation of body iron balance and recycling in mammals. In this study, we report that hepcidin is widely expressed in the murine brain. In cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, hepcidin mRNA levels increased with aging. Injection of hepcidin into the lateral cerebral ventricle resulted in decreased Fpn1 protein levels in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Additionally, treatment of primary cultured neurons with hepcidin caused decreased neuronal iron release and Fpn1 protein levels. Together, our data provide further evidence that hepcidin may be involved in the regulation of brain iron metabolism.
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Doiron K, Yu P, McKinnon JJ, Christensen DA. Heat-induced protein structure and subfractions in relation to protein degradation kinetics and intestinal availability in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:3319-30. [PMID: 19528609 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to reveal protein structures of feed tissues affected by heat processing at a cellular level, using the synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy as a novel approach, and quantify protein structure in relation to protein digestive kinetics and nutritive value in the rumen and intestine in dairy cattle. The parameters assessed included 1) protein structure alpha-helix to beta-sheet ratio; 2) protein subfractions profiles; 3) protein degradation kinetics and effective degradability; 4) predicted nutrient supply using the intestinally absorbed protein supply (DVE)/degraded protein balance (OEB) system for dairy cattle. In this study, Vimy flaxseed protein was used as a model feed protein and was autoclave-heated at 120 degrees C for 20, 40, and 60 min in treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The results showed that using the synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy revealed and identified the heat-induced protein structure changes. Heating at 120 degrees C for 40 and 60 min increased the protein structure alpha-helix to beta-sheet ratio. There were linear effects of heating time on the ratio. The heating also changed chemical profiles, which showed soluble CP decreased upon heating with concomitant increases in nonprotein nitrogen, neutral, and acid detergent insoluble nitrogen. The protein subfractions with the greatest changes were PB1, which showed a dramatic reduction, and PB2, which showed a dramatic increase, demonstrating a decrease in overall protein degradability. In situ results showed a reduction in rumen-degradable protein and in rumen-degradable dry matter without differences between the treatments. Intestinal digestibility, determined using a 3-step in vitro procedure, showed no changes to rumen undegradable protein. Modeling results showed that heating increased total intestinally absorbable protein (feed DVE value) and decreased degraded protein balance (feed OEB value), but there were no differences between the treatments. There was a linear effect of heating time on the DVE and a cubic effect on the OEB value. Our results showed that heating changed chemical profiles, protein structure alpha-helix to beta-sheet ratio, and protein subfractions; decreased rumen-degradable protein and rumen-degradable dry matter; and increased potential nutrient supply to dairy cattle. The protein structure alpha-helix to beta-sheet ratio had a significant positive correlation with total intestinally absorbed protein supply and negative correlation with degraded protein balance.
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Penner G, Yu P, Christensen D. Effect of replacing forage or concentrate with wet or dry distillers’ grains on the productivity and chewing activity of dairy cattle. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yu P, Chao T, Lee C, Tung C. SU-FF-T-24: A Monte Carlo Phantom Study for Brachytherapy Dose Perturbation in Henschke Type GYN Applicator. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Vieira C, Cury P, Giuliano I, Calderaro D, Miname M, Martinez L, Yu P, Gualandro D, Bortolotto L, Santos R, Caramelli B. Abstract: P1212 PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITHOUT APPARENT DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yang CH, Seidel J, Kim SY, Rossen PB, Yu P, Gajek M, Chu YH, Martin LW, Holcomb MB, He Q, Maksymovych P, Balke N, Kalinin SV, Baddorf AP, Basu SR, Scullin ML, Ramesh R. Electric modulation of conduction in multiferroic Ca-doped BiFeO3 films. NATURE MATERIALS 2009; 8:485-93. [PMID: 19396162 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Many interesting materials phenomena such as the emergence of high-Tc superconductivity in the cuprates and colossal magnetoresistance in the manganites arise out of a doping-driven competition between energetically similar ground states. Doped multiferroics present a tantalizing evolution of this generic concept of phase competition. Here, we present the observation of an electronic conductor-insulator transition by control of band-filling in the model antiferromagnetic ferroelectric BiFeO3 through Ca doping. Application of electric field enables us to control and manipulate this electronic transition to the extent that a p-n junction can be created, erased and inverted in this material. A 'dome-like' feature in the doping dependence of the ferroelectric transition is observed around a Ca concentration of approximately 1/8, where a new pseudo-tetragonal phase appears and the electric modulation of conduction is optimized. Possible mechanisms for the observed effects are discussed on the basis of the interplay of ionic and electronic conduction. This observation opens the door to merging magnetoelectrics and magnetoelectronics at room temperature by combining electronic conduction with electric and magnetic degrees of freedom already present in the multiferroic BiFeO3.
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Jain P, Levchenko A, Yu P, Sen S. Molecular dynamics in supercooled glycerol: Results from C13 NMR spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:194506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3138179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yu P, Zhou L, Song K, Li K. Relationship and prognosis of hospho-Akt and CD44v6 in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1126 Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between pAkt and CD44v6 expression of breast cancer after surgery. We also evaluated the expression patterns and predictive value of pAKT and CD44v6 in breast cancer tissues. Methods: Expression of pAkt and CD44v6 protein was detected using immunohistochemistry in 98 patients. The correlation between the expression of pAkt, CD44v6, and other disease-related characteristics with treatment outcome was investigated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were used to observe the correlation between variables and the prognostic value. Results: Of all these 98 cases, 37 cases (37.8%) were observed as positive for pAkt expression, and there were 25 cases (51.0%) pAKT positive expression in the lymph node (+) and 15 (30.6%) in lymph node (-) of 49 cases. pAkt expression had no significant difference in node-positive group and node-negative group. We examined the relationship between pAKT and HER2 expression, pAkt expression was positively correlated with HER-2 expression (p = 0.009). A statistically significant difference in positive staining for pAkt was observed between CD44V6-positive and CD44V6-negative tumors (p = 0.016). CD44v6 positive tumors showed a statistically very highly significant association between node-positive and node-negative (p = 0.013). For prognosis value, a week relationship was observed between pAkt and OS, but DFS was inversely associated with pAkt staining intensity (p = 0.061, p = 0.004). There had a statistical correlation between CD44v6 overexpression and OS and DFS (p = 0.026 and 0.006 respectively). Univariate analysis revealed that lymph node status and CD44V6 were significantly associated with decreased OS and DFS, but there had no significant difference between variables and OS and DFS by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our data suggested that there had a intensive relationship between pAKT and CD44v6 expression in breast cancer tissues. We demonstrated that both pAkt and CD44v6 were significantly assiociated with a decreased OS and DFS in breast cancer patients. pAKT and CD44v6 overexpressed in cancer cells may be sensitive markers for predicting the treatment outcome in breast cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Langner MC, Kantner CLS, Chu YH, Martin LM, Yu P, Seidel J, Ramesh R, Orenstein J. Observation of ferromagnetic resonance in SrRuO3 by the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:177601. [PMID: 19518833 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.177601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in SrRuO3 using the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. The FMR oscillations in the time-domain appear in response to a sudden, optically induced change in the direction of easy-axis anisotropy. The high FMR frequency, 250 GHz, and large Gilbert damping parameter, alpha approximately 1, are consistent with strong spin-orbit coupling. We find that the parameters associated with the magnetization dynamics, including alpha, have a nonmonotonic temperature dependence, suggestive of a link to the anomalous Hall effect.
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Seidel J, Martin LW, He Q, Zhan Q, Chu YH, Rother A, Hawkridge ME, Maksymovych P, Yu P, Gajek M, Balke N, Kalinin SV, Gemming S, Wang F, Catalan G, Scott JF, Spaldin NA, Orenstein J, Ramesh R. Conduction at domain walls in oxide multiferroics. NATURE MATERIALS 2009; 8:229-34. [PMID: 19169247 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Domain walls may play an important role in future electronic devices, given their small size as well as the fact that their location can be controlled. Here, we report the observation of room-temperature electronic conductivity at ferroelectric domain walls in the insulating multiferroic BiFeO(3). The origin and nature of the observed conductivity are probed using a combination of conductive atomic force microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and first-principles density functional computations. Our analyses indicate that the conductivity correlates with structurally driven changes in both the electrostatic potential and the local electronic structure, which shows a decrease in the bandgap at the domain wall. Additionally, we demonstrate the potential for device applications of such conducting nanoscale features.
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Yu P, Block HC, Doiron K. Understanding the differences in molecular conformation of carbohydrate and protein in endosperm tissues of grains with different biodegradation kinetics using advanced synchrotron technology. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 71:1837-1844. [PMID: 18757232 PMCID: PMC5503207 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Conventional "wet" chemical analyses rely heavily on the use of harsh chemicals and derivatization, thereby altering native seed structures leaving them unable to detect any original inherent structures within an intact tissue sample. A synchrotron is a giant particle accelerator that turns electrons into light (million times brighter than sunlight) which can be used to study the structure of materials at the molecular level. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform IR microspectroscopy (SR-FTIRM) has been developed as a rapid, direct, non-destructive and bioanalytical technique. This technique, taking advantage of the brightness of synchrotron light and a small effective source size, is capable of exploring the molecular chemistry within the microstructures of a biological tissue without the destruction of inherent structures at ultraspatial resolutions within cellular dimensions. This is in contrast to traditional 'wet' chemical methods, which, during processing for analysis, often result in the destruction of the intrinsic structures of feeds. To date there has been very little application of this technique to the study of plant seed tissue in relation to nutrient utilization. The objective of this study was to use novel synchrotron radiation-based technology (SR-FTIRM) to identify the differences in the molecular chemistry and conformation of carbohydrate and protein in various plant seed endosperms within intact tissues at cellular and subcellular level from grains with different biodegradation kinetics. Barley grain (cv. Harrington) with a high rate (31.3%/h) and extent (78%), corn grain (cv. Pioneer) with a low rate (9.6%/h) and extent of (57%), and wheat grain (cv. AC Barrie) with an intermediate rate (23%/h) and extent (72%) of ruminal DM degradation were selected for evaluation. SR-FTIRM evaluations were performed at the National Synchrotron Light Source at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (Brookhaven, NY). The molecular structure spectral analysis involved the fingerprint regions of ca. 1720-1485 cm(-1) (attributed to protein amide I C=O and C-N stretching; amide II N-H bending and C-N stretching), ca. 1650-950 cm(-1) (non-structural CHO starch in endosperms), and ca. 1185-800 cm(-1) (attributed to total CHO C-O stretching vibrations) together with agglomerative hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses. Analyses involving the protein amide I features consistently identified differences between all three grains. Other analyses involving carbohydrate features were able to differentiate between wheat and barley but failed however to differentiate between wheat and corn. These results suggest that SR-FTIRM plus the multivariate analyses can be used to identify spectral features associated with the molecular structure of endosperm from grains with different biodegradation kinetics, especially in relation to protein structure. The Novel synchrotron radiation-based bioanalytical technique provides a new approach for plant seed structural molecular studies at ultraspatial resolution and within intact tissue in relation to nutrient availability.
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Wei JC, Yu P, Cai B, Luo YB, Tan HZ. Absorption of NO in Aqueous NaClO2/Na2CO3Solutions. Chem Eng Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hutchinson M, Waters P, McHugh J, Gorman G, O'Riordan S, Connolly S, Hager H, Yu P, Becker CM, Vincent A. Progressive encephalomyelitis, rigidity, and myoclonus: a novel glycine receptor antibody. Neurology 2008; 71:1291-2. [PMID: 18852446 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327606.50322.f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Wang MX, Zhang HL, Zhang DL, Qi YW, Fan ZL, Li DY, Pan DJ, Cao YS, Qiu ZE, Yu P, Yang QW, Wang XK, Li ZC. Genetic structure of Oryza rufipogon Griff. in China. Heredity (Edinb) 2008; 101:527-35. [PMID: 18827837 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2008.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Oryza rufipogon Griff. (common wild rice; CWR) is the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). Investigation of the genetic structure and diversity of CWR in China will provide information about the origin of cultivated rice and the grain quality and yield. In this study, we used 36 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to assay 889 accessions, which were highly representative of whole germplasm in China. The analysis revealed a hierarchical genetic structure within CWR. First, CWR has diverged into two ecotypic populations, a south subtropical population (SSP) and a middle subtropical population (MSP), probably owing to natural selection by the different climates. The distribution of specific alleles and haplotypes indicated that Chinese CWR had both indica-like and japonica-like variations; the SSP was an indica-like type, whereas the MSP was more japonica-like. The SSP and MSP further diverged into five (HN, GD-GX1, GX2, FJ and YN) and two (JX-HuN1 and HuN2) geographical populations, respectively. The genetic data suggest the isolation by distance, although water systems also appear to play an important role in the formation of homogenous populations, and occasionally landscape was also involved. The population GD-GX1, which grew widely in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, was the largest geographical population in China. It had a high level of genetic diversity (GD) and the closest genetic relationship with other inferred populations. The population HN, with the smallest SSR molecular weights and the highest level of GD, may be the most ancestral population.
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Yu P, Rossnagel BG, Niu Z. Protein value of a new genotype oat (CDC SO-I) for the NRC dairy model: Protein degradation balance and kinetics, protein fractions and total metabolizable protein supply. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2008. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas07137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a new genotype of oat has been developed specifically for feed purposes by the Crop Development Centre called CDC SO-I (“SuperOat”) containing a low-lignin hull and a high-fat groat. However, no quantitative evaluation of protein supply from CDC SO-I to dairy cow has been done in terms of potential protein degradation balance (PDB) and total metabolizable protein (MP) supply. These data are crucial in order to develop more efficient, competitive and optimal feeding the new genotype of oat (CDC SO-I) for livestock. Unlike DVE/OEB, PBI, ARC and NKJ-NJF models, NRC-2001 is a total digestible nutrient (TDN-) based model which is more popular in North America. The objectives of this study were to use the NRC model with inputs based on laboratory and in situ techniques to predict the potential nutrient supply to dairy cows from CDC SO-I in comparison with two conventional oat varieties, CDC Dancer and Derby, in western Canada. The quantitative predictions were made in terms of: (1) Rumen-synthesized microbial protein truly absorbed in the small intestine (AMCP); (2) Rumen undegraded feed protein truly absorbed in the small intestine (ARUP); (3) Endogenous protein in the digestive tract (AECP); (4) Total metabolizable protein supply in the small intestine (MP), and (5) Protein degraded balance (PDB). The results show that using the NRC model, the predicted PDB and total MP supplies to dairy cattle were significantly increased from the newly developed genotype of oat (CDC SO-I). Compared with the normal oat, CDC Dancer, CDC SO-I significantly increased (P < 0.05) ARUP, by 24%, and total MP supply by 9%, but did not change (P > 0.05) AMCP, AECP and PDB, with averages of 55.7, 4.5 and -11.96 g kg-1 dry matter (DM), respectively. Compared with the normal variety, Derby, CDC SO-I significantly increased (P < 0.05) AMCP, by 19%, total MP supply by 13% and increased PDB by 114%, but did not change (P > 0.05) ARUP and AECP values with averages of 19.2 and 4.5 g kg-1 DM, respectively. In conclusion, CDC SO-I oat increased total absorbed metabolizable protein supply to dairy cattle by 9–13% in comparison with the two conventional oat varieties used in western Canada. However, although CDC SO-I improved protein degraded balance, it still had a negative value (-10.6 g kg-1 DM), indicating the potential imbalance between microbial protein synthesis from available rumen-degradable crude protein (CP) and potential energy from fermentation in the rumen. Key words: TDN-based model, dairy cattle, oat genotype, protein degradation balance, metabolizable protein supply
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Yu P, Passam FH, Yu DM, Denyer G, Krilis SA. Beta2-glycoprotein I inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor induced angiogenesis through its amino terminal domain. J Thromb Haemost 2008; 6:1215-23. [PMID: 18452581 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-2 glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein which interacts with various proteins of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system. beta(2)GPI has recently been shown to have anti-angiogenic properties. OBJECTIVES We undertook this study to investigate the specific domain of beta(2)GPI involved in the anti-angiogenic function and its effect on downstream signaling of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). METHODS Various preparations of beta(2)GPI were used on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the absence or presence of VEGF and bFGF. The effect on HUVECs' proliferation, migration and tubule formation in Matrigel matrix was investigated. The effect of beta(2)GPI on the mRNA expression of VEGF receptors and phosphorylation of signaling molecules was also studied. RESULTS beta(2)GPI is shown in this study to be an anti-angiogenic molecule in vitro by inhibiting VEGF and bFGF-induced proliferation, migration and papillary-like tubule formation of HUVECs. This inhibition was achieved by native, proteolytically clipped and domain deletion mutants, domain I-IV (DI-IV) but not domain II-V (DII-V) of beta(2)GPI. Native beta(2)GPI was found to downregulate the expression of the VEGF receptor KDR/Flk-1 on endothelial cells and to block the phosphorylation of VEGF's downstream effector molecules in the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that beta(2)GPI has anti-angiogenic functions which depend on the presence of domain I. This anti-angiogenic activity may have important implications for the therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis in various disease states.
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