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Schwarz R, Sturm H. Versuch zur Bestimmung der Molekülgröße des Kieselsäure‐anhydrids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19140470262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Maegele M, Gregor S, Steinhausen E, Heiss M, Rixen D, Berger-schreck B, Schwarz R, Bouillon B. Crit Care 2006; 10:P128. [DOI: 10.1186/cc4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ackermann M, Ahrens J, Bai X, Bartelt M, Barwick SW, Bay RC, Becka T, Becker JK, Becker KH, Berghaus P, Bernardini E, Bertrand D, Boersma DJ, Böser S, Botner O, Bouchta A, Bouhali O, Burgess C, Burgess T, Castermans T, Chirkin D, Collin B, Conrad J, Cooley J, Cowen DF, Davour A, De Clercq C, de los Heros CP, Desiati P, DeYoung T, Ekström P, Feser T, Gaisser TK, Ganugapati R, Geenen H, Gerhardt L, Goldschmidt A, Groß A, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hardtke DH, Harenberg T, Hauschildt T, Helbing K, Hellwig M, Herquet P, Hill GC, Hodges J, Hubert D, Hughey B, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hundertmark S, Jacobsen J, Kampert KH, Karle A, Kestel M, Kohnen G, Köpke L, Kowalski M, Kuehn K, Lang R, Leich H, Leuthold M, Liubarsky I, Lundberg J, Madsen J, Marciniewski P, Matis HS, McParland CP, Messarius T, Minaeva Y, Miočinović P, Morse R, Münich K, Nahnhauer R, Nam JW, Neunhöffer T, Niessen P, Nygren DR, Olbrechts P, Pohl AC, Porrata R, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Rawlins K, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Richter S, Rodríguez Martino J, Sander HG, Schlenstedt S, Schneider D, Schwarz R, Silvestri A, Solarz M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Steele D, Steffen P, Stokstad RG, Sulanke KH, Taboada I, Tarasova O, Thollander L, Tilav S, Wagner W, Walck C, Walter M, Wang YR, Wiebusch CH, Wischnewski R, Wissing H, Woschnagg K. Optical properties of deep glacial ice at the South Pole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Weissflog G, Wand D, Schwarz R. Bedeutung der Identifikation von hereditären Tumorerkrankungen in der onkologischen Routinediagnostik. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2006; 131:26-8. [PMID: 16374739 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are likely to be the primary determinants of the cancer seen in around 5 - 10 % of all cancer patients. More than 20 inherited cancer syndromes are now known. For many of these cases molecular genetic diagnostic may be accomplished. Within the scope of genetic counselling and testing, which can validate the genetic background of cancer, the interdisciplinary cooperation of Primary Care Physicians (PCP) and human geneticists is necessary. The results of our empirical study on risk identification in familial cancer suggest that PCP in the acute care inform cancer patients only to a little extent about the possible genetic background of their disease. PCP also very rarely initiate genetic counselling and testing, which would be desirable for preventive reasons.
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Schuster M, Rosanowski F, Schwarz R, Eysholdt U, Lohscheller J. Quantitative detection of substitute voice generator during phonation in patients undergoing laryngectomy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 131:945-52. [PMID: 16301364 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.131.11.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the vibration pattern of the substitute voice generator of patients who have undergone laryngectomy. For automatic quantification of the oscillations of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segments, image processing of digital high-speed video sequences is applied. DESIGN Physiologic analysis. SETTING An acute care hospital. PATIENTS Endoscopic recordings were taken of 10 men who underwent laryngectomy (mean +/- SD age, 61.5 +/- 5.2 years) during sustained phonation of a vowel using a 90 degree endoscope coupled to a high-speed camera. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES An image-processing algorithm was developed to automatically define the pseudoglottis in each recording and track its movements. RESULTS The clinical assessment of the high-speed technique for the endoscopic examination of the substitute voice generator yields the following results. The forms and oscillation characteristics of the pseudoglottides varied considerably: 3 pseudoglottides were circular, 6 were split shaped, and 1 was triangle shaped. A quasi-periodic opening and closing were observed and automatically detected by the described algorithm in each recording independently from quality of the recording and from morphologic and oscillation characteristics of the PE segment. The frequencies of the extracted oscillations of the pseudoglottides correspond to the structure of the acoustic signals. CONCLUSIONS Automatic image processing of PE segments derived from high-speed endoscopic recordings enables the detection and quantification of the substitute voice generator's oscillations in high temporal resolution. These data directly prove that the detected pseudoglottis is the source of the substitute voice. Close relations between substitute voice and functional properties of the PE segment exist. In the future, these data will be interpreted by applying biomechanical models of the PE segment. Presumably, results may help to optimize surgical and adaptive procedures for specific substitute voice restoration.
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Meyer A, Grunwald B, Kitze K, Ernst J, Schwarz R. Reha in der Onkologie: Gründe für bzw. gegen eine Inanspruchnahme. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-920671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ernst J, Claus S, Stuhr C, Schwarz R. Entscheidungsteilhabe von Tumorpatienten im medizinischen Behandlungsprozess. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-920702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dines M, Frank MM, Schwarz R, Adir N. Structure determination of proteins involved in the stability of phycobilisomes during environmental stress. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Beutel ME, Hessel A, Schwarz R, Brähler E. Pr�valenz der Urininkontinenz in der deutschen Bev�lkerung. Urologe A 2005; 44:232-8. [PMID: 15742205 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-005-0791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of incontinence in men and women in different age groups. In a representative survey, 883 men and 1,182 women with a mean age of 50 years (18-92 years) were studied based on standardized questionnaires on physical and psychological complaints, and quality of life. Participants suffering from involuntary loss of urine were considered "incontinent". The frequency of incontinence strongly increased with age, from 6.9% among the 18-40 year old population to 9.5% among the 41-60 year olds and 23% over the age of 60 years. Women complained more frequently of incontinence (15%) than men (9.5%; total of 12.6% in the population). The majority of the participants with incontinence also suffered from urinary urge, multiple disorders of digestion, pelvic pain and sexual dysfunction. There was also a strong increase in exhaustion, gastric pain, joint pain and cardiac complaints. The younger participants were more strongly affected by incontinence. When patients complain of incontinence, strong impairments in physical and psychological well-being, and quality of life are to be expected.
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Hinz A, Krauß O, Schwarz R. Angst und Depressivität bei Krebspatienten. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-863494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Krauß O, Hinz A, Schwarz R. Zur Frage angemessener Grenzwerte für die HADS-D - Die HADS-D als Screeningverfahren für psychische Belastung und psychische Komorbiditäten bei stationär behandelten Tumorpatienten. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-863510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gootjes L, Teipel SJ, Zebuhr Y, Schwarz R, Leinsinger G, Scheltens P, Möller HJ, Hampel H. Regional distribution of white matter hyperintensities in vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease and healthy aging. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2005; 18:180-8. [PMID: 15211074 DOI: 10.1159/000079199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI scans indicate lesions of the subcortical fiber system. The regional distribution of WMH may be related to their pathophysiology and clinical effect in vascular dementia (VaD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy aging. METHODS Regional WMH volumes were measured in MRI scans of 20 VaD patients, 25 AD patients and 22 healthy elderly subjects using FLAIR sequences and surface reconstructions from a three-dimensional MRI sequence. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficient for interrater reliability of WMH volume measurements ranged between 0.99 in the frontal and 0.72 in the occipital lobe. For each cerebral lobe, the WMH index, i.e. WMH volume divided by lobar volume, was highest in VaD and lowest in healthy controls. Within each group, the WMH index was higher in frontal and parietal lobes than in occipital and temporal lobes. Total WMH index and WMH indices in the frontal lobe correlated significantly with the MMSE score in VaD. Category fluency correlated with the frontal lobe WMH index in AD, while drawing performance correlated with parietal and temporal lobe WMH indices in VaD. CONCLUSIONS A similar regional distribution of WMH between the three groups suggests a common (vascular) pathogenic factor leading to WMH in patients and controls. Our findings underscore the potential of regional WMH volumetry to determine correlations between subcortical pathology and cognitive impairment.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify patterns of psychological problems in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHOD A sample of 3075 patients was surveyed to determine frequencies of psychological problems and cross-validated cluster analyses were computed to identify patterns of these problems. RESULTS An increase of symptoms during arousal was reported by 68%, sleep disturbances by 32% of the sample, and sexual problems by 57% of men and 22% of women. Less frequently reported were difficulties in communicating (27%), needing help of others (38%), and depressive moods (20%). Four patterns of psychological problems were identified: general low stress, general high stress, sexual and social problems, and non-social problems. CONCLUSION The study confirms the clinical observation that PD patients differ not only in degree, but also in structure of psychological stress. Social and non-social stress constitute principal types of stress experienced in PD. This distinction should be taken into account for any approach to support people with PD.
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Beutel ME, Weidner K, Schwarz R, Brähler E. Age-related complaints in women and their determinants based on a representative community study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2004; 117:204-12. [PMID: 15541859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2004] [Revised: 04/16/2004] [Accepted: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine (a) the relationship between physical and somatoform complaints, distress, life satisfaction and ageing in the female community and (b) to identify their psychosocial determinants. METHODS Two stratified random samples of the German female population (total of 2771 women) were investigated by standardised questionnaires of complaints (MFI-20, GBB), distress (HADS) and life satisfaction (LSQ). RESULTS When participants were divided into six age groups (18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, >70 years), we found a continuous increase of physical, mental and general fatigue, inactivity and reduced motivation. Age-associated increases were also observed for exhaustion, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal complaints, but not for gastrointestinal complaints. This was accompanied by a reduced satisfaction with health and sexuality and increased depression and anxiety scores. Marked increases of complaints were mostly found in the sixth decade. However, depression already increased in the fourth decade, musculoskeletal complaints and reduced motivation peaked in the fifth decade, whereas mental fatigue did not increase significantly before the seventh decade followed by a rise of anxiety in women over 70 years. Most consistently, complaints were predicted by a combination of negative subjective health, higher age, lack of a partnership, and additional sociodemographic vulnerability (unemployment, low income, residence) and protective (religion) factors. CONCLUSIONS Community data provide important reference points in evaluating the ageing female. Based on regression analyses, we could also demonstrate the contribution of psychosocial vulnerability and protective factors to the development of age-related symptoms.
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Fricke R, Hieber W, Hofmann U, Klemm W, Schwarz R. Herrn Professor Dr. Otto Hönigschmid Zum 65. Geburtstage 13. März 1943. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19432510101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Schröder C, Riedel S, Schmutzer G, Brähler E, Schwarz R. [In-house questioning on patient satisfaction in a maximum resource clinic--report from practice]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2004; 66:674-81. [PMID: 15499512 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-813603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Since 1999, the statutory obligation of all German hospitals to establish an internal quality management system has resulted in an increase of patient surveys on inpatient care. Information on the subjective satisfaction of the patients is of particular interest because improvements may be realised. In the present paper, the objectives, the methodology and the choice of a tested survey instrument, the interpretation of the results and the practical problems in implementing a survey on patient satisfaction at the Leipzig University Hospital (a public institution comprising 1,464 beds in 2001) will be reported. This is intended to facilitate comparable projects in the future and to enable hospitals with fewer resources to organize and use such surveys. Altogether, 1,718 questionnaires (Hamburg questionnaires on patient stay in hospital, HFK) from 43 wards could be evaluated. The high satisfaction determined (mean values of the scores for 10 test parameters are between 1.72 and 2.02 on a 5-point scale) corresponds to the general tendency of patients to make socially desirable responses. Covert dissatisfaction was therefore analysed comparing the relative frequencies of complete and limited satisfaction at item level. Sociodemographic patient characteristics such as age and stay in hospital were of no substantial relevance. One important aim of the Leipzig survey project was to give detailed feedback within brief time periods. The project focussed on a differentiated and early monitoring of responses. If requested, an oral presentation of the results was made to each structural unit. This presentation included the spontaneous responses of the patient, which enhanced the acceptance of the investigation by the medical staff.
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Buttstädt M, Schwarz R, Singer S, Weiss K. Gestaltungskurs für krebskranke Eltern – „Wie sag ich's meinem Kinde?“. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hemme A, Marsen-Storz G, Schwarz R. Benachteiligte/benachteiligende Stadtteile als Orte der Gesundheitsförderung. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Weiss K, Schwarz R, Singer S, Buttstädt M. Qualitative Begleitforschung zum Gestaltungskurs für krebskranke Eltern „Wie sag ich's meinem Kinde?“. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lohscheller J, Döllinger M, Schuster M, Schwarz R, Eysholdt U, Hoppe U. Quantitative investigation of the vibration pattern of the substitute voice generator. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2004; 51:1394-400. [PMID: 15311824 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2004.827938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
After a total excision of the larynx, mucosal tissue at the upper part of the esophagus can be used as a substitute voice generating element. The properties of the tissue dynamics are closely related to the substitute voice quality. The process of substitute voice is investigated by recording simultaneously the acoustic signal with a microphone and the vibrations of the voice generator with a digital high-speed camera. We propose an automatic image-processing technique which is applied to analyze the vibration pattern of the substitute voice generating element. First, an initialization step detects the voice generator within a high-speed sequence. Second, a combination of a threshold technique and an active contour algorithm tracks the tissue deformations of the substitute voice generator. The applicability of the algorithm is shown in three high-speed recordings. For the first time, tissue deformations of substitute voice generating elements are successfully tracked. The results of the image processing procedure are used to describe quantitatively the temporal properties of the substitute voice generator. Comparisons of the spectral components of tissue deformations and tracheoesophageal voice signals reveal the close relationship between the vibration pattern of the substitute voice generator and the quality of substitute voice.
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