101
|
Nguyen N, Emilia T, Hunter R, Han C, Serge P, Sur R. Tracheal Tumors Treated With Endotracheal Brachytherapy Alone: Experience From a Single Institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
102
|
Quinlan-Davidson S, Voruganti S, Hunter R, Patel M, Pond G, Timotin E, Dhamanaskar K, Sur R, Kong I. A Prospective Comparative Analysis of 3 Methods of Rectal Retraction for High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy in Cervical Carcinoma: Effect on Organs at Risk. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
103
|
Esponda OL, Hunter R, Del Río JRR, Washington AV. Levels of soluble TREM-like transcript 1 in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2014; 21:30-4. [PMID: 25147325 DOI: 10.1177/1076029614547298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies suggest that the soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like transcript 1 (sTLT-1) facilitate atherothrombosis. Therefore, we evaluated sTLT-1 as a functional measure of atherothrombosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS Levels of sTLT-1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on plasma from patients with potential ACS and compared with an age-matched control group with similar risk factors for cardiovascular disease. RESULTS Of 53 patients enrolled, 19 patients were undergoing ACS (15 unstable angina, 2 non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction, and 2 ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction), 5 patients were found with noncardiac chest pain, and 29 were in the control group. The mean plasma sTLT-1 values in the ACS group were 4.644 ng/mL ± 1.277 standard error of the mean (SEM), in the noncardiac chest pain group were 0.708 ng/mL ± 0.427 SEM, and in the control group were 1.007 ng/mL ± 0.098 SEM. CONCLUSION A statistically significant difference exists between patients experiencing cardiogenic chest pain versus controls (P < .05), suggesting sTLT-1 as a potential tool for understanding atherothrombosis in ACS.
Collapse
|
104
|
Kaschula C, Smith M, Hunter R, Parker M. 817: Investigations into the anti-cancer mechanism of action of garlic related disulfides. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
105
|
Prior L, Scott D, Hunter R, Donnelly M, Tully MA, Cupples ME, Kee F. Exploring lay views on physical activity and their implications for public health policy. A case study from East Belfast. Soc Sci Med 2014; 114:73-80. [PMID: 24911510 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It is now recognised that inactive lifestyles underpin much of the disease burden evident in the richer nations of the world. Indeed, the WHO has identified physical inactivity as a 'global public health problem' and has established minimum physical activity (PA) targets for people at different stages of the life-course. Yet, according to WHO, just under 1/3 of working age adults across the globe meet those targets and it is not at all clear how the disjunction between the recommendations of policy makers and the behaviour of ordinary people might be surmounted. Using an opportunity to examine the impact of an urban regeneration project on community residents in East Belfast (Northern Ireland) this paper examines the views of some 113 people on how to increase rates of PA in an area of multiple deprivation. The results of the analysis suggest that lay people rarely consider PA as a discrete issue, or one that centres on individuals and their motivation, but rather as one component in a complex web of concerns, processes and events that include such things as the actions of neighbours and relatives, material and political environments, vandalism, violence, and the weather. We explore and unravel the nature of those concerns using novel methods of content analysis that generate 'issue webs'. Particular attention is paid to the ways in which lay people conceptualize 'activity' and to the manner in which they point to ways of encouraging activity that are rooted in everyday life rather than in the corpocentric, agent-centred and often sport dominated strategies favoured by local policy makers. Our results support those who argue that interventions to increase rates of PA need to move beyond behavioural approaches that focus on individuals and consider the social, political and material contexts in which 'activity' occurs.
Collapse
|
106
|
Phan TT, Khan S, Dewhurst M, Lee D, James S, de Belder M, Linker NJ, Thornley A, Turley AJ, Ahmed FZ, Arumugam P, Allen S, Daniels K, Clarke B, Mamas M, James J, Zaidi AM, Ullah W, Hunter R, Lovell M, Dhinoja M, Earley M, Sporton S, Schilling R, Raju H, Hedley P, Arno G, Ware J, Jeffery S, Cook S, Christiansen M, Behr ER, Sohal M, Chen Z, Sammut E, Jackson T, Child N, Wright M, O'Neill M, Cooklin M, Gill J, Carr-White G, Razavi R, Rinaldi CA, Nunn LM, Lopes L, Syrris P, Plagnol V, Firman E, Dalageorgou C, Domingo D, Zorio E, Murday V, Findlay I, Duncan A, Fynn S, White A, Goddard M, Carr-White G, Robert L, Bueser T, Langman C, Bundgaard H, Ferrero-Miliani L, Wheeldon N, O'Beirne A, Suvarna SK, Lowe MD, McKenna WJ, Elliott PM, Lambiase PD. YOUNG INVESTIGATORS COMPETITION, HRC 2013. Europace 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
107
|
Riley G, Hopkins S, Piccini I, Brown N, Fabritz L, Kirchhof P, Raju H, Bevan S, Sheppard MN, Behr ER, Ng FS, Sulkin MS, Peters NS, Efimov IR, Vanheusden FJ, Li X, Chu GS, Almeida TP, Schlindwein FS, Ng GA, Crockford CJ, Ahmed O, Kaba R, Berry R, Dhillon OS, Ullah W, Hunter R, Lovell M, Dhinoja M, Sporton S, Earley MJ, Diab IG, Schilling RJ, Goonewardene M, Heck PM, Begley DA, Fynn S, Virdee M, Grace A, Agarwal SC, Wilson DG, Ahmed N, Nolan R, French A, Frontera A, Duncan ER, Thomas G. MODERATED POSTERS, SESSION 1, HRC 2013. Europace 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
108
|
Lee G, Hunter R, Lovell M, Finlay M, Sawhney V, Ullah W, Diab I, Dhinoja M, Earley M, Sporton S, Schilling RJ, Williams SE, Linton NWF, Harrison J, Wright M, O'Neill M, Jamil-Copley S, Linton N, Koa-Wing M, Lim PB, Hayat S, Qureshi N, Whinnett Z, Davies W, Peters N, Francis D, Kanagaratnam P, Jamil-Copley S, Ryan B, Kojodjojo P, Qureshi N, Koa-Wing M, Hayat S, Kyriacou A, Sandler B, Sohaib A, Wright I, Davies W, Peters N, Whinnett Z, Kanagaratnam P, Lim PB, Qureshi NA, Bai W, Ariff B, Williams A, Monro C, Kim S, Jamil-Copley S, Hayat S, Kao-Wing M, Kyriacou A, Sandler B, Fu NS, Kanagaratnam P, Whinnett Z, Davies DW, Lefroy D, Peters NS, Lim PB, Ryan MJ, Ezzat VA, O'Leary J, Bull C, Chow A, Lambiase P, Lowe MD, Anwar AS, Collitt S, Iddon P, Rice N, Dodd M, Dunsdale A, Petkar S, Mudd J, Linker N, Fitzpatrick AP, Fraser S, Choo WK, Padfield G, Rushworth G, Bloe C, Forsyth P, Cross SJ, Leslie SJ, Phan TT, Dewhurst M, Lee D, Williams D, James S, Thornley A, de Belder M, Linker N, Turley A, Campbell NG, Cantor E, Sawhney V, Duncan ER, Demartini C, Baker V, Diab IG, Dhinoja M, Earley MJ, Sporton S, Davies LC, Schilling RJ, Pettit SJ, Randles DA, Shaw M, Hawkins NM, Wright DJ, Lambiase PD, Barr C, Knops R, Neuzil P, Theuns D, Johansen JB, Hood M, Pederson S, Reeve HL, Boersma L. ABSTRACTS FOR ORAL PRESENTATION, SESSION 3, HRC 2013. Europace 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
109
|
Fabritz L, Fortmuller L, Vloumidi E, Yue TY, Syeda F, Kirchhof P, Leube R, Krusche C, Chin SH, Winter J, Brack KE, Ng GA, Ng FS, Holzem KM, Koppel AC, Janks D, Wit AL, Peters NS, Efimov IR, Chowdhury RA, El-Harasis MA, Dupont E, Terracciano CMN, Peters NS, Mellor GJ, Raju H, de Noronha SV, Papadakis M, Sharma S, Behr ER, Sheppard MN, Jamil-Copley S, Bai W, Ariff B, Lim PB, Koa-Wing M, Kyriacou A, Hayat S, Sohaib A, Qureshi N, Sandler B, O'Regan D, Whinnett Z, Davies W, Rueckert D, Kanagaratnam P, Peters N, Lambiase PD, Chow AW, Lowe MD, Segal OR, Ahsan S, de Bono J, Dhaliwal M, Mfuko C, Ng A, Sandilands A, Paisey J, Roberts P, Morgan JM, McCready J, Yue A, Ullah W, Hunter R, Lovell M, Dhinoja M, Sporton S, Earley M, Schilling R, Ghosh J, Martin A, Keech A, Chan KH, Gomes S, Singarayar S, McGuire M, Lee G, Hunter R, Berriman T, Diab I, Kamdar R, Richmond L, Baker V, Goromonzi F, Sawhney V, Duncan E, Unsworth B, Mayet J, Abrams D, Dhinoja M, Sporton S, Earley M, Schilling RJ, Bowers RW, Mulholland V, Balasubramaniam RN, Paisey JR, Sopher SM, Chu GS, Chin SH, Winter J, Armstrong S, Masca N, Almeida TP, Brown PD, Sandilands AJ, Schlindwein FS, Ng GA. ABSTRACTS FOR ORAL PRESENTATION, SESSION 2, HRC 2013. Europace 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
110
|
Dworkin MS, Peterson CE, Gao W, Mayor A, Hunter R, Negron E, Fleury A, Besch CL. Efficacy of a food safety comic book on knowledge and self-reported behavior for persons living with AIDS. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72874. [PMID: 24124447 PMCID: PMC3790879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persons living with AIDS are highly vulnerable to foodborne enteric infections with the potential for substantial morbidity and mortality. Educational materials about foodborne enteric infections intended for this immunocompromised population have not been assessed for their efficacy in improving knowledge or encouraging behavior change. METHODS/RESULTS AIDS patients in four healthcare facilities in Chicago, New Orleans, and Puerto Rico were recruited using fliers and word of mouth to healthcare providers. Those who contacted research staff were interviewed to determine food safety knowledge gaps and risky behaviors. A food safety educational comic book that targeted knowledge gaps was created, piloted, and provided to these patients who were instructed to read it and return at least 2 weeks later for a follow-up interview. The overall food safety score was determined by the number of the 26 knowledge/belief/behavior questions from the survey answered correctly. Among 150 patients who participated in both the baseline and follow-up questionnaire, the intervention resulted in a substantial increase in the food safety score (baseline 59%, post-intervention 81%, p<0.001). The intervention produced a significant increase in all the food safety knowledge, belief, and behavior items that comprised the food safety score. Many of these increases were from baseline knowledge below 80 percent to well above 90%. Most (85%) of the patients stated they made a change to their behavior since receiving the educational booklet. CONCLUSION This comic book format intervention to educate persons living with AIDS was highly effective. Future studies should examine to what extent long-term behavioral changes result.
Collapse
|
111
|
Finnie T, Hunter R, Farrell T. Simple Figure of Merit to Assess Intraluminal Brachytherapy Plans. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
112
|
Ullah W, Hunter R, Lovell M, Dhillon O, Diab I, Dhinoja M, Earley M, Sporton S, Schilling R. Contact force during ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation and electrogram attenuation. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
113
|
Malcolme-Lawes LC, Juli C, Karim R, Bai W, Quest R, Lim PB, Jamil-Copley S, Kojodjojo P, Ariff B, Davies DW, Rueckert D, Francis DP, Hunter R, Jones D, Boubertakh R, Petersen SE, Schilling R, Kanagaratnam P, Peters NS. Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhancement imaging that correlates with endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes: a 2-center study. Heart Rhythm 2013; 10:1184-91. [PMID: 23685170 PMCID: PMC3734347 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment of atrial scar to guide management and targeting of ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF), an objective, reproducible method of identifying atrial scar is required. OBJECTIVE To describe an automated method for operator-independent quantification of LGE that correlates with colocated endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes. METHODS LGE CMR imaging was performed at 2 centers, before and 3 months after pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal AF (n = 50). A left atrial (LA) surface scar map was constructed by using automated software, expressing intensity as multiples of standard deviation (SD) above blood pool mean. Twenty-one patients underwent endocardial voltage mapping at the time of pulmonary vein isolation (11 were redo procedures). Scar maps and voltage maps were spatially registered to the same magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) segmentation. RESULTS The LGE levels of 3, 4, and 5SDs above blood pool mean were associated with progressively lower bipolar voltages compared to the preceding enhancement level (0.85 ± 0.33, 0.50 ± 0.22, and 0.38 ± 0.28 mV; P = .002, P < .001, and P = .048, respectively). The proportion of atrial surface area classified as scar (ie, >3 SD above blood pool mean) on preablation scans was greater in patients with postablation AF recurrence than those without recurrence (6.6% ± 6.7% vs 3.5% ± 3.0%, P = .032). The LA volume >102 mL was associated with a significantly greater proportion of LA scar (6.4% ± 5.9% vs 3.4% ± 2.2%; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS LA scar quantified automatically by a simple objective method correlates with colocated endocardial voltage. Greater preablation scar is associated with LA dilatation and AF recurrence.
Collapse
|
114
|
Kerr S, Woods C, Knussen C, Watson H, Hunter R. Breaking the habit: a qualitative exploration of barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation in people with enduring mental health problems. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:221. [PMID: 23497231 PMCID: PMC3599988 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking in people with mental health problems (MHPs) is an important public health concern as rates are two to three times higher than in the general population. While a strong evidence base exists to encourage and support smoking cessation in the wider population, there is limited evidence to guide the tailoring of interventions for people with MHPs, including minimal understanding of their needs. This paper presents findings from theoretically-driven formative research which explored the barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation in people with MHPs. The aim, guided by the MRC Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions, was to gather evidence to inform the design and content of smoking cessation interventions for this client group. METHODS Following a review of the empirical and theoretical literature, and taking a critical realist perspective, a qualitative approach was used to gather data from key stakeholders, including people with enduring MHPs (n = 27) and professionals who have regular contact with this client group (n = 54). RESULTS There was a strong social norm for smoking in participants with MHPs and most were heavily addicted to nicotine. They acknowledged that their physical health would improve if they stopped smoking and their disposable income would increase; however, more important was the expectation that, if they attempted to stop smoking, their anxiety levels would increase, they would lose an important coping resource, they would have given up something they found pleasurable and, most importantly, their mental health would deteriorate. Barriers to smoking cessation therefore outweighed potential facilitators and, as a consequence, impacted negatively on levels of motivation and self-efficacy. The potential for professionals to encourage cessation attempts was apparent; however, they often failed to raise the issue of smoking/cessation as they believed it would damage their relationship with clients. The professionals' own smoking status also appeared to influence their health promoting role. CONCLUSIONS Many opportunities to encourage and support smoking cessation in people with MHPs are currently missed. The increased understanding provided by our study findings and literature review have been used to shape recommendations for the content of tailored smoking cessation interventions for this client group.
Collapse
|
115
|
Zvonarev PS, Farrell TJ, Hunter R, Wierzbicki M, Hayward JE, Sur RK. 2D/3D registration algorithm for lung brachytherapy. Med Phys 2013; 40:021913. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4788663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
116
|
Dworkin MS, Peterson CE, Gao W, Mayor A, Hunter R, Negron E, Fleury A, Besch CL. Food Safety Knowledge, Beliefs and Behavior of Persons with AIDS: A Multicenter Study. FOOD PROTECTION TRENDS 2013; 33:32-41. [PMID: 25061438 PMCID: PMC4106445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Persons living with AIDS are highly vulnerable to foodborne enteric infections including recurrent Salmonella septicemia and toxoplasmosis of the brain with the potential for substantial morbidity and mortality. Patients with immunologic AIDS in Chicago, New Orleans, and Bayamon were interviewed to determine gaps in food safety knowledge and prevalence of related behaviors in order to create targeted educational material for this population. A food safety score was calculated based on responses to 40 knowledge, belief, and behavior questions. Among 268 AIDS patients interviewed, the overall food safety score was 63% (range 28% to 93%). Many patients believed it was okay to eat higher risk food (38% for eating eggs served loose or runny, 27% for eating store-bought hot dogs without heating them first), 40% did not know that eating unpasteurized cheese may get germs inside their body that could cause hospitalization and possibly death, and 40% would not throw away salad that had been splashed with a few drops of raw chicken juice. These data demonstrate substantial knowledge gaps and behavioral risk related to acquisition of foodborne disease among AIDS patients. Healthcare providers should incorporate education regarding foodborne disease risk into routine outpatient discussion of improving and maintaining their health.
Collapse
|
117
|
Scott W, Cupples M, Prior L, Hunter R, Tully M, Kee F, Donnelly M. Physical activity in Northern Ireland-not in pole position but still on the grid. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
118
|
Hunter R, Tully M, Kee F. Development of an evaluation framework to measure the public health impact of a ‘natural experiment’: The PARC study. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
119
|
Winchester CL, Ohzeki H, Vouyiouklis DA, Thompson R, Penninger JM, Yamagami K, Norrie JD, Hunter R, Pratt JA, Morris BJ. Converging evidence that sequence variations in the novel candidate gene MAP2K7 (MKK7) are functionally associated with schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4910-21. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
120
|
Barry SJ, Gaughan TM, Hunter R. Schizophrenia. BMJ CLINICAL EVIDENCE 2012; 2012:1007. [PMID: 23870705 PMCID: PMC3385413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is approximately 0.7% and incidence rates vary between 7.7 and 43.0 per 100,000; about 75% of people have relapses and continued disability, and one third fail to respond to standard treatment. Positive symptoms include auditory hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorder. Negative symptoms (demotivation, self-neglect, and reduced emotion) have not been consistently improved by any treatment. METHODS AND OUTCOMES We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of drug treatments for positive, negative, or cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia? What are the effects of drug treatments in people with schizophrenia who are resistant to standard antipsychotic drugs? What are the effects of interventions to improve adherence to antipsychotic medication in people with schizophrenia? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to May 2010 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS We found 51 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: amisulpride, chlorpromazine, clozapine, depot haloperidol decanoate, haloperidol, olanzapine, pimozide, quetiapine, risperidone, sulpiride, ziprasidone, zotepine, aripiprazole, sertindole, paliperidone, flupentixol, depot flupentixol decanoate, zuclopenthixol, depot zuclopenthixol decanoate, behavioural therapy, clozapine, compliance therapy, first-generation antipsychotic drugs in treatment-resistant people, multiple-session family interventions, psychoeducational interventions, and second-generation antipsychotic drugs in treatment-resistant people.
Collapse
|
121
|
Herring N, Page SP, Ahmed M, Burg M, Hunter R, Earley MJ, Sporton SC, Bashir Y, Betts TR, Schilling R, Rajappan K. 052 The prevalence of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation maintained on warfarin. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
122
|
Bakhru P, Soudani E, Khan A, Yuan D, Lewis D, Hunter R, Jagannath C. Enhancement of the long term efficacy of BCG vaccine against experimental tuberculosis in mice through rapamycin induced modulation of CD4 and CD8 T cell functions (166.17). THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.166.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
BCG vaccine protects children but does not induce long-term immunity against tuberculosis. Rapamycin has been found to directly act on MTOR of T cells and extend the longevity of CD8 T cell response to viral infection in mice. We hypothesized that rapamycin co-administration during BCG vaccination may alter the quality of CD8 function to enable long-term immunity. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice were given one dose of BCG vaccine (1 million per mouse; s.c.) or BCG with doses of rapamycin (75 microgram/mg given daily for 30 days) followed by aerosol infection with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). At 4 and 8 weeks, antigen specific CD8 T cells, memory specific markers and tetramers specific for Mtb antigens-ESAT6 and TB10.4 were analysed using flow cytometry. Log10 decline of Mtb counts in lungs was determined to correlate T cell phenotype with protection after vaccination. Results: Rapamycin coadministration with BCG enhanced the expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells in mice that correlated with a decline in the counts of Mtb in lungs and spleens of mice. Rapamycin increased both CD8 and CD4 T cells in the lungs and spleens and enhanced central memory (Tcm) CD8 T cells in lymphoid organs. Tcm levels, in turn, correlated with an increase in expression of Eomes transcription factor by CD8 T cells. Since Eomes is a determinant of Tcm lineage, we suggest that the long-term efficacy of BCG vaccine can be enhanced through modulation of MTOR dependent pathways of T cells.
Collapse
|
123
|
Malcolme-Lawes L, Juli C, Karim R, Bai W, Quest R, Lim PB, Jamil-Copley S, Kojodjojo P, Ariff B, Davies DW, Rueckert D, Hunter R, Boubertakh R, Petersen S, Schilling R, Kanagaratnam P, Peters NS. 050 Automated analysis of atrial delayed enhancement cardiac MRI correlates with voltage, AF recurrence post-ablation, and high stroke risk. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
124
|
Hunter R, Bahl D, Lardizabal D, Lanigar S, Sahota P. The Use of Seizure Videos in Educating Medical Students in Differentiating Non-Epileptic Seizures (Motor Events) from Epileptic Seizures (P07.244). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
125
|
Bloch EM, Herwaldt BL, Leiby DA, Shaieb A, Herron RM, Chervenak M, Reed W, Hunter R, Ryals R, Hagar W, Xayavong MV, Slemenda SB, Pieniazek NJ, Wilkins PP, Kjemtrup AM. The third described case of transfusion-transmitted Babesia duncani. Transfusion 2011; 52:1517-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|