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Sawant SS, Dongre H, Ahire C, Sharma S, Kannan S, Mahadik S, Chaukar D, Lukmani F, Patil A, D'Cruz A, Vaidya MM, Dongre P. A nomogram for predicting the risk of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative oral cavity carcinoma. Oral Dis 2017; 23:1087-1098. [PMID: 28580710 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate a nomogram for predicting the risk of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients using a combination of variables comprising of protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgically removed oral tumours (n = 103) were analysed for the expression of desmosomal and hemidesmosomal assembly proteins by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural alterations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological variables were used to construct nomogram from the training set in 75 patients. Clinical utility of the nomogram was validated in a discrete set of 28 patients. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the training set, and obtained significant variables comprising of integrin β4 expression (p = .027), number of hemidesmosomes (p = .027)/desmosomes (p = .046), tumour differentiation grade (p = .033) and tumour thickness (p = .024) were used for construction of the nomogram. The area under the curve was calculated for both training 0.821 (95% CI 0.725-0.918) and validation sets 0.880 (95% CI 0.743-1.000). The nomogram demonstrated a predictive accuracy of 73.3% and 78.6% with the sensitivity of 81.4% and 83.3% in the training and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram constructed on postsurgical tumour samples will be a value addition to histopathology for the detection of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients.
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Singh RK, Srivastava M, Prasad NK, Shetty PH, Kannan S. Hyperthermia effect and antibacterial efficacy of Fe
3+
/Co
2+
co‐substitutions in β‐Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
for bone cancer and defect therapy. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1317-1328. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Vimala K, Kannan S. The suppression of breast cancer cells growth by irinotecan loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles through E2F3/Akt/Mdm2/AR controlled apoptosis. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx137.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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104
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Bertrand SJ, Kudchadkar SR, Zhang Z, Punjabi NM, Kannan S. 0037 LONG-TERM BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES OF NEONATAL SLEEP FRAGMENTATION. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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105
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Singh RK, Srivastava M, Prasad NK, Awasthi S, Dhayalan A, Kannan S. Iron doped β-Tricalcium phosphate: Synthesis, characterization, hyperthermia effect, biocompatibility and mechanical evaluation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:715-726. [PMID: 28576042 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The ability of β-Tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2] to host iron at its structural lattice and its associated magnetic susceptibility, hyperthermia effect, biocompatibility and mechanical characteristics is investigated. The studies revealed the ability of β-Ca3(PO4)2 to host 5.02mol% of Fe3+ at its Ca2+(5) site. Excess Fe3+ additions led to the formation of trigonal Ca9Fe(PO4)7 and moreover a minor amount of CaFe3(PO4)3O crystallization was also observed. A gradual increment in the iron content at β-Ca3(PO4)2 results in the simultaneous effect of pronounced hyperthermia effect and mechanical stability. However, the presence of CaFe3(PO4)3O contributes for the reduced hyperthermia effect and mechanical stability of iron substituted β-Ca3(PO4)2. Haemolytic tests, cytotoxicity tests and ALP gene expression analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the investigated systems.
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Das D, Muruganantham A, Kannan S, Kumar M, Sundararajan M, Sureshkumar MK. Coordination diversity in palladium(II)-picolinamide ligand complexes: structural and quantum chemical studies. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1313973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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107
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Manasa VG, Kannan S. Impact of microRNA dynamics on cancer hallmarks: An oral cancer scenario. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695920. [PMID: 28347239 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level. The discovery of microRNAs has identified a new layer of gene regulation mechanisms, which play a pivotal role in development as well as in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell growth, and cell death. Deregulated microRNA expression favors acquisition of cancer hallmark traits as well as transforms the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor development and progression. Many recent studies have revealed altered expression of microRNAs in oral carcinoma with several microRNAs shown to have key biological role in tumorigenesis functioning either as tumor suppressors or as tumor promoters. MicroRNA expression levels correlate with clinicopathological variables and have a diagnostic and prognostic value in oral carcinoma. For these reasons, microRNA has been a hot topic in oral cancer research for the last few years. In this review, we attempt to summarize the present understanding of microRNA deregulation in oral carcinoma, their role in acquiring cancer hallmarks, and their potential diagnostic and prognostic value for oral cancer management.
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Nandha Kumar P, Kannan S. Sequential elucidation of the β-Ca 3(PO 4) 2/TiO 2 composite development from the solution precursors. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:3229-3239. [PMID: 28224142 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The sequential formation of β-Ca3(PO4)2/TiO2 composites with assorted ratios synthesized from the solution precursors is described. The phase evolution of the synthesized powders to yield a composite during progressive heat treatments is determined through a set of analytical techniques. Investigation reveals the initial crystallization of apatite and anatase TiO2 (a-TiO2) mixtures at <800 °C. β-Ca3(PO4)2 crystallizes at ∼800 °C and its subsequent stability is retained until 1300 °C. Besides, a gradual phase transition of a- → rutile TiO2 (r-TiO2) transpires in the range of 800-1000 °C before the complete r-TiO2 transformation accomplishes at 1100 °C. The structural stability of the resultant β-Ca3(PO4)2/r-TiO2 composites is retained until 1300 °C. The β-Ca3(PO4)2 lattice also hosts a selective amount of Ti4+ and as a consequence the anticipated β- → α-Ca3(PO4)2 conversion that occurs at 1180 °C is delayed. TiO2 plays a crucial role in the attainment of dense and pore free microstructures of β-Ca3(PO4)2/r-TiO2 composites. The mechanical properties determined through nanoindentation revealed an upsurge trend as a function of TiO2 content in the composites.
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Arora A, Kannan S, Gowri S, Choudhary S, Sudarasanan S, Khosla PP. Substance abuse amongst the medical graduate students in a developing country. Indian J Med Res 2017; 143:101-3. [PMID: 26997021 PMCID: PMC4822348 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.178617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Substance abuse is found worldwide including among students. We carried out this study to estimate the prevalence of substance abuse among medical student studying in a medical college in north India. Methods: Using a validated questionnaire a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 undergraduate and postgraduate medical students in a private medical college. Results: The prevalence of substance abuse was 20.43 per cent (47/230) among medical students. An increase in substance abuse was observed in the latter years of medical education. A total of 43 of 47 (91.7%) students using these substances were aware of the ill effects. The most common reasons for substance use were relief from psychological stress (34/47, 72.4%) and occasional celebration (34/47, 72.4%). Of the 47 substance users, 28 (59.6%) made past attempts to quit the substance abuse. Interpretation & conclusions: Nearly one-fifth of medical students abuse at least one substance despite knowing the ill effects with the main predisposing factor being the psychological stress.
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Vasanthavel S, Derby B, Kannan S. Stabilization of a t-ZrO2 polymorph in a glassy SiO2 matrix at elevated temperatures accomplished by ceria additions. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6884-6893. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerium additions into the SiO2–ZrO2 binary system delay SiO2 crystallization at elevated temperatures with Ce4+ occupancy at the t-ZrO2 lattice for minor additions whereas its excess additions crystallize as discrete CeO2.
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Singh R, Srivastava M, Prasad NK, Awasthi S, Kumar Dhayalan A, Kannan S. Structural analysis and magnetic induced hyperthermia of Fe3+and Mn2+substituted β-Ca3(PO4)2. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01228d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fe3+/Mn2+co-substitutions in β-Ca3(PO4)2elicit a good hyperthermia effect and biocompatible features.
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Sarin R, Wadasadawala T, Kannan S, Gudi S, Rishi A, Budrukkar A, Parmar V, Shet T, Desai S, Gupta S, Badwe R. Predicting loco-regional recurrence risk in T1, T2 breast cancer with 1–3 positive axillary nodes postmastectomy: Development of a predictive nomogram. Indian J Cancer 2017; 54:352-357. [DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_178_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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113
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Mishra SK, Kannan S. Microwave Synthesis of Chitosan Capped Silver-Dysprosium Bimetallic Nanoparticles: A Potential Nanotheranosis Device. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:13687-13696. [PMID: 27981845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate imaging of the structural and functional state of biological targets is a critical task. To amend paucities associated with individual imaging, there is high interest to develop a multifunctional theranostic devices for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, chitosan coated silver/dysprosium bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) were synthesized through a green chemistry route and characterization results inferred that the BNPs are crystalline, spherical, and of size ∼10 nm. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirm the reduced metallic states of Ag and Dy in nanoparticles. These BNPs demonstrate high emission in a second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1400 nm) biological window on excitation at 808 nm. Moreover, magnetization and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies perceive the inherent paramagnetic features of Dy component that displays dark T2 contrast and high relaxivity. Due to high X-ray attenuation effect, BNPs exhibit better Hounsfield unit (HU) value than the reported contrast agents. BNPs unveil good biocompatibility and also express sturdy therapeutic effect in HeLa cells when tethered with doxorubicin.
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Kannan S. Abandoning cricoid pressure. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:1488. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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115
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Mishra SK, Raveendran S, Ferreira JMF, Kannan S. In Situ Impregnation of Silver Nanoclusters in Microporous Chitosan-PEG Membranes as an Antibacterial and Drug Delivery Percutaneous Device. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10305-10316. [PMID: 27685160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An in situ synthesis method for preparing silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) embedded in chitosan-polyethylene glycol (CS-PEG) membranes is disclosed. The aim is to develop implantable multifunctional devices for biofilm inhibition and drug release to reduce percutaneous device related complications (PDRCs). A multiple array of characterization techniques confirmed the formation of fluorescent AgNCs with sizes of ∼3 nm uniformly distributed in CS-PEG matrix and their active role in determining the fraction and interconnectivity of the microporous membranes. The presence and increasing contents of AgNCs enhanced the mechanical stability of membranes and decreased their susceptibility to degradation in the presence of lysozyme and H2O2. Moreover, the presence and increasing concentrations of AgNCs hindered biofilm formation against Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and enabled a sustainable release of an anti-inflammatory drug naproxen in vitro until 24 h. The overall results gathered and reported in this work make the AgNCs impregnated CS-PEG membranes highly promising multifunctional devices combining efficient antibacterial activity and biocompatibility with active local drug delivery.
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Jalali R, Sastri J, Goswami S, Kothavade V, Kannan S, Gupta T. Hippocampal Dose Constraints for Predicting Long-Term Neurocognitive Outcomes in Young Patients: Mature Data From a Prospective Trial of Conformal Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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117
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Kannan S, Teo B, Solberg T, Hill-Kayser C. Organ Motion in Pediatric High-Risk Neuroblastoma (HR-NBL) Patients Using 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography (4DCT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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118
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Gupta T, Telkhade T, Jain G, Joshi K, Kannan S, Sastri G, Jalali R. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for Craniospinal Irradiation (CSI) on Helical Tomotherapy (HT): Effect of Low-Dose Bath on Acute Hematologic Toxicity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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119
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Singh R, Chopra S, Engineer R, Kannan S, Paul S, Mohanty S, Swamidas J, Mahantshetty U, Ghosh J, Maheshwari A, Kerkar R, Gupta S, Shrivastava S. Impact of Cumulative Radiation Doses to Vagina on Late Toxicity and Sexual Quality of Life in Patients Treated With Postoperative Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Cervical Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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120
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Meenambal R, Poojar P, Geethanath S, Kannan S. Substitutional limit of gadolinium in β-tricalcium phosphate and its magnetic resonance imaging characteristics. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2545-2552. [PMID: 27690186 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To compensate the limitations of bone tissue magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a series of gadolinium (Gd3+ ) substituted β-Tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3 (PO4 )2 ] were developed. All the powders were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of the XRD data and the studies confirmed the Gd3+ occupancy at Ca2+ (1), Ca2+ (2) and Ca2+ (3) lattice sites of β-Ca3 (PO4 )2. HR-TEM analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with diameter about 100 nm. The Gd3+ doped β-Ca3 (PO4 )2 exhibited non-toxic behaviour to MG-63 cells in vitro and the room temperature magnetic field versus magnetization measurements confirmed its paramagnetic behaviour. MRI analysis revelas that it shorten both T1 and T2 proton relaxation times, thus influencing both r1 and r2 relaxivity values that reach 61.97 mM-1 s-1 and 73.35 mM-1 s-1 . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2545-2552, 2017.
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Kannan S, Gowri S, Tyagi V, Kohli S, Jain R, Kapil P, Bhardwaj A. Direct-to-physician and direct-to-consumer advertising: Time to have stringent regulations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:77-83. [PMID: 26410010 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-150644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct to physician advertisements and direct to consumer advertisement (DTCA) is a well-known marketing strategy of pharmaceutical companies. Studies from the West and also from the Indian sub-continent revealed several lacunae in such advertisements. OBJECTIVES The present study was carried out to understand the international and national scenario regarding the lacunae in drug advertisements and the opinion of both physicians and patients regarding DTCA. METHODS The present study was conducted after obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee. Warning letters (WLs) issued to pharmaceutical companies by United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) due to discrepancies in the advertisements were analyzed for reasons that were grouped into one of the following categories: overstatement of efficacy; unapproved indication; lack of adequate directions to use; omission of adverse effects; misleading claims; advertisement made for an unapproved drug (investigational new product). Drug advertisements in Current Index of Medical Specialties (CIMS) April-July 2014 issue was also analyzed for lacunae depending on categories as mentioned above. Physicians and patients in a tertiary care medical college and hospital were administered a validated questionnaire exploring their views about crucial aspects of DTCA. Descriptive statistics was used for each of the categories. RESULTS A total of 93 WLs issued by USFDA and 36 by TGA were assessed. Majority of the WLs by USFDA were issued for omission of adverse effects (61/93, 65.6%) followed by misleading claims (54/93, 58.1%). Similarly, WLs by TGA were also mainly issued for the presence of misleading claims (35/36, 97.2%) followed by overstatement of efficacy (26/36, 72.2%) and CIMS evaluation had revealed that 78/92 (84.8%) advertisements omitted adverse effects, 20/92 (21.7%) had misleading claims, 9/92 (9.8%) had unapproved indications and 7/92 (7.6%) overstated the efficacy. With regard to the opinion regarding DTCA, 69.9% physicians had a patient discussing DTCA that was clinically inappropriate. One hundred (64.5%) out of 155 physicians opined that DTCA encourage patients to attend physicians regarding preventive healthcare. On the contrary, 82/155 (52.9%) physicians felt that DTCA would damage the same. Similarly, 69 out of the total 100 patients felt that drug advertisements aid them to have better discussions with their treating physicians. Surprisingly, a large majority (91/100) were of the opinion that only safe drugs are allowed to be advertised. CONCLUSION To conclude, from the findings of this study both the physicians and patients should be cautious and not overzealous while dealing with drug advertisements or promotional literature. More stringent scrutiny and issue of WLs or blacklisting of indulging pharmaceutical companies are mandatory by the regulatory agency to contain the same.
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Chopra S, Mohanty S, Mahantshetty U, Kannan S, Engineer R, Mechanery S, Phurailatpam R, Ghosh J, Gupta S, Shrivastava S. PO-0730: QOL after postoperative IMRT for cervical cancer: results from matched pair analysis with 3DCRT. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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123
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Anam JR, Kannan S, Chaukar DA, D'cruz AK. A rare case of tracheoesophageal puncture with party wall necrosis. Indian J Cancer 2016; 52:303-4. [PMID: 26905119 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.176705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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124
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Singh RK, Awasthi S, Dhayalan A, Ferreira JMF, Kannan S. Deposition, structure, physical and invitro characteristics of Ag-doped β-Ca3(PO4)2/chitosan hybrid composite coatings on Titanium metal. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 62:692-701. [PMID: 26952474 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pure and five silver-doped (0-5Ag) β-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2]/chitosan composite coatings were deposited on Titanium (Ti) substrates and their properties that are relevant for applications in hard tissue replacements were assessed. Silver, β-TCP and chitosan were combined to profit from their salient and complementary antibacterial and biocompatible features.The β-Ca3(PO4)2 powders were synthesized by co-precipitation. The characterization results confirmed the Ag(+) occupancy at the crystal lattice of β-Ca3(PO4)2. The Ag-dopedβ-Ca3(PO4)2/chitosan composite coatings deposited by electrophoresis showed good antibacterial activity and exhibited negative cytotoxic effects towards the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. The morphology of the coatings was observed by SEM and their efficiency against corrosion of metallic substrates was determined through potentiodynamic polarization tests.
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Kannan S, Bahl A, Khosla PP. Knowledge and perception of off-label drug use amongst prescribing physicians in a tertiary care hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:219-23. [PMID: 26756895 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-150664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Off-label drug use is commonly reported in various disciplines of medicine. Considering the lacunae of studies from prescribers in the Indian subcontinent, the present study was conducted to explore their awareness and views of off-label drug use. METHODS A validated questionnaire was administered to interns, junior residents and faculty members who were recruited in the present study of various medical and surgical departments of Subharti Medical College, Meerut, India, a tertiary care teaching hospital. Descriptive statistics was used for analyzing the data. RESULTS A total of 59/85 (69%) stated that they have used a drug in an off-label manner mainly [31/85 (36.5%)] related to indications. Nearly half of the study participants (41/85, 48.2%) considered prescribing an off-label drug illegal and only 25/85 (29.3%) participants felt that they had adequate knowledge regarding the use of drugs in off-label manner. Out of the total 70 participants who answered the question related to informing parents/relatives while prescribing an off label drug, only 39/70 (55.7%) answered affirmative. Out of the remaining 31/70 (44.3%) of participants who did not inform about prescribing an off label drug, 9/31 (29%) felt that it was illegal and more than two-third (24/31, 77%) felt their knowledge on off-label drug use was insufficient. Surprisingly, 74/82 (90.2%) participants felt that a drug approved to be used in adults cannot be used in children for the same indication despite not having any alternative in pediatric age group. CONCLUSION We found an inadequate knowledge regarding the off-label drug use amongst the prescribers in a tertiary care medical college hospital. Many of the physicians felt such use as illegal and do not inform the patient's relatives about such acts. Considering the legal issues, clearly there exists a need to patch up this lacuna in developing countries like India.
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