101
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Mohan M, Sethi JS, Daral TS, Sharma M, Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP. Controlled trial of rice powder and glucose rehydration solutions as oral therapy for acute dehydrating diarrhea in infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1986; 5:423-7. [PMID: 3723262 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-198605000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A controlled, randomized trial was conducted in 50 infants (3 to 18 months old) hospitalized with acute noncholera dehydrating diarrhea to compare the safety, efficacy, and acceptability of the standard World Health Organization (WHO) recommended glucose oral rehydration solution (ORS) (Group A: 25 infants) with that of a rice powder ORS (Group B: 25 infants), containing 30 g/L of rice powder instead of glucose (20 g/L). The electrolyte composition of both solutions was identical. The proportion of successfully treated patients in each group was 92%, and the two rehydrating solutions proved comparable in correcting and maintaining the hydration status and the serum sodium and potassium levels. The mean rehydration time, stool output, stool frequency, ORS intake, weight gain, and urine output were comparable (p greater than 0.05) in both groups. It is concluded that rice powder ORS is safe, effective, and acceptable as the standard WHO glucose ORS for the treatment of acute noncholera dehydrating diarrhea in infants.
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102
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Faridi MM, Ahmad S, Moonis R, Ansari Z, Bhargava SK. Goldenhar syndrome (oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia) in a twin new born baby. Indian J Pediatr 1986; 53:291-4. [PMID: 3744465 DOI: 10.1007/bf02748525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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103
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Iyer PU, Bhargava M, Kumar R, Kumar A, Ramji S, Bhargava SK. Serum ferritin in normal term newborns and their mothers. Indian Pediatr 1986; 23:205-8. [PMID: 3744485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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104
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Rajagopal V, Kerur DK, Bhargava SK, Prabhu T. Bone marrow culture in the diagnosis of enteric fever. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1986; 29:15-9. [PMID: 3781607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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105
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Bhargava SK, Ramji S, Kumar A, Mohan M, Marwah J, Sachdev HP. Mid-arm and chest circumferences at birth as predictors of low birth weight and neonatal mortality in the community. BMJ 1985; 291:1617-9. [PMID: 3935212 PMCID: PMC1418438 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.291.6509.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In developing countries, where about three quarters of births occur at home or in the community, logistic problems prevent the weighing of every newborn child. A study was performed to see whether other simpler measurements could be substituted for weight to identify neonates of low birth weight and those at risk. A study of 520 hospital births showed a strong correlation (p less than 0.001) between other anthropometric variables and birth weight, but the correlation was maximum for chest circumference (r = 0.8696) and mid-arm circumference (r = 0.8110). A mid-arm circumference of less than or equal to 8.7 cm and a chest circumference of less than or equal to 30 cm had the best sensitivity and specificity for identifying neonates with a birth weight of 2500 g or less. Measurements on 501 consecutive live births in the community were recorded and the infants followed up at specified ages. Mid-arm circumference was again significantly correlated to birth weight (r = 0.6918). Neonatal mortality showed an inverse relation but postneonatal mortality an inconsistent relation with mid-arm circumference. A mid-arm circumference of less than or equal to 8.7 cm and a birth weight of less than or equal to 2500 g were equally useful in predicting neonatal outcome. Mid-arm and chest circumferences are simple, practicable, quick, and reliable indicators for predicting low birth weight and neonatal outcome in the community and can be easily measured by paramedical workers in developing nations.
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106
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Bhargava SK. Presidential address. XXII National Conference of Indian Academy of Pediatrics. November 1-4, 1985, Trivandrum. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:865-72. [PMID: 3837771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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107
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Mohan M, Daral TS, Singh HP, Sachdev HP, Bhargava SK. Aspirin in childhood gastroenteritis. JOURNAL OF DIARRHOEAL DISEASES RESEARCH 1985; 3:215-8. [PMID: 3915503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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108
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Kapoor JP, Mohan M, Talwar V, Daral TS, Bhargava SK. Typhoid fever in young children. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:811-3. [PMID: 3836981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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109
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Ghosh S, Bhargava SK, Butani R. Congenital malformations in a longitudinally studied birth cohort in an urban community. Indian J Med Res 1985; 82:427-33. [PMID: 4093160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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110
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Shrivastava U, Sachdev HP, Bhargava SK, Ghosh S. Morbidity pattern of adolescents in an urban community. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:753-6. [PMID: 3836204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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111
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Ramji S, Kumar A, Bhargava SK. Exchange transfusion in newborns. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:789. [PMID: 3836210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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112
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Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP, Mohan M. Oral rehydration of low birth weight infants. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:708-9. [PMID: 3914468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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113
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Sachdev HP, Bhargava SK. Oral rehydration therapy of neonates. Indian J Pediatr 1985; 52:469-74. [PMID: 4077189 DOI: 10.1007/bf02751019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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114
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Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP, Ghosh S. Distribution of live births & early neonatal mortality in relation to gestation & intrauterine growth. Indian J Med Res 1985; 82:95-7. [PMID: 3840454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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115
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Rai V, Mohan M, Bhargava SK, Daral TS. W.H.O. recommended oral rehydration solution in acute diarrheal dehydration in infants. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:493-9. [PMID: 3833771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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116
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Daral TS, Singh HP, Sachdev HP, Mohan M, Mathur M, Bhargava SK. Acute dehydrating diarrhea. Clinical profile in neonates & young infants. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:333-8. [PMID: 3914465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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117
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Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP, Iyer PU, Ramji S. Current status of infant growth measurements in the perinatal period in India. ACTA PAEDIATRICA SCANDINAVICA. SUPPLEMENT 1985; 319:103-10. [PMID: 3914182 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of currently available information in the Indian literature on the present status of fetal growth measuring birthweight and gestation distribution, and the intra-uterine growth potential of the fetus has pointed to several interesting findings. The incidence of low birthweight is 24-39% and of preterms, 7-22%. In general the process of labour seems to begin at an stage of earlier gestation. A significant proportion of infants that are born with birth weight between -1 SD and -2 SD show high morbidity and mortality, suggesting the need for them to be categorized as a distinct group. The early neonatal mortality varies between 1.5 and 8.4%. The results show a wide variation between hospital and community care, and between privileged and underprivileged. Logistic problems prevent the recording of birth weight at home or in the community. Recent observations reveal that mid-arm circumference (MAC) of newborns has a strong correlation with birth weight and neonatal mortality. MAC can be reliably used to assess fetal growth and for screening high-risk neonates in community care.
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118
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Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP. Complications of commercial rehydration packets. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:78-9. [PMID: 4077265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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119
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Bhargava SK, Choudhury P, Kumari S. Physical growth in small for gestational age children from birth to 10 years. Indian Pediatr 1984; 21:919-22. [PMID: 6535766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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120
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Iyer PU, Ramji S, Bhargava SK, Sagreiya K, Iyengar B. Aplasia cutis congenita. Indian Pediatr 1984; 21:986-8. [PMID: 6535776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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121
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Desai AB, Bhargava SK, Mehta DK, Deshpande AS, Ramji S. Telemedicine--a feasibility experiment for national application. Indian Pediatr 1984; 21:773-5. [PMID: 6526484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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122
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Bhargava SK, Sachdev HP, Das Gupta B, Daral TS, Singh HP, Mohan M. Oral rehydration of neonates and young infants with dehydrating diarrhea: comparison of low and standard sodium content in oral rehydration solutions. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1984; 3:500-5. [PMID: 6384455 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-198409000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral rehydration among infants aged 0-3 months has not been adequately investigated. A controlled, randomized study was thus conducted in 65 young infants hospitalized with acute noncholera dehydrating diarrhea. The study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of the standard WHO oral glucose-electrolyte solution containing 90 mmol of sodium per liter (Group A: 22 infants) with that of an oral glucose-electrolyte solution containing 60 mmol of sodium per liter (Group B: 22 infants) and with standard intravenous therapy (Group C: 21 infants). Among the 44 infants in Groups A and B, none required intravenous therapy. Dehydration, acidosis, and initial hyponatremia or hypokalemia were corrected with equal efficacy in all the three groups. In the critical first 8 h, the mean sodium absorption was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in Group A. This resulted in hypernatremia (50%), periorbital edema (50%), mild pedal edema (27%), excessive irritability, and convulsions (4.5%). The mean serum sodium levels at 8, 24, and even 48 h were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than those in Groups B and C. It is concluded that glucose-electrolyte oral solution containing 60 mmol of sodium per liter is as safe and effective as intravenous rehydration for the treatment of noncholera neonatal and early infantile diarrhea, while the standard WHO solution carries a significant risk of hypernatremia under similar conditions.
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123
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Sultana CM, Bhargava SK. Incidence of shigellosis among paediatric diarrhoeal disorders (a bacteriological study). JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1984; 82:279-81. [PMID: 6491334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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124
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125
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Bhargava SK, Kumari S, Choudbury P. Outcome of low birth weight infants. ACTA PAEDIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 1984; 73:406-7. [PMID: 6741542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb17758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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